Foundations: : Midterms 11/13.

During an employment interview, the interviewer asks the nurse applicant about HIV status. The nurse applicant can legally respond

"You do not have a right to ask me that question."

Which nursing care delivery systems have some nursing schools adopted as the foundation of their education programs? a. Relationship-based care b. Team nursing c. Patient-centered care d. Total patient care

a. Relationship-based care

The nurse clarifies to a patient who now has an abscess following a ruptured appendix that the abscess is considered to be: a. a secondary illness. b. a life-threatening complication. c. an expected event following any surgery. d. a disorder easily treated with antibiotics.

a. a secondary illness.

Nursing interventions are best defined as activities that: a. are taken to improve the patient's health. b. involve researching methods to maintain asepsis. c. include the family in nursing care. d. review guidelines for handling infectious wastes.

a. are taken to improve the patient's health.

When a student nurse performs a nursing skill, it is expected that the student: a. performs the skill as quickly as the licensed nurse. b. achieves the same result as the licensed nurse. c. not be held to the same standard as the licensed nurse. d. always be directly supervised by an instructor.

b. achieves the same result as the licensed nurse.

A student nurse who is not yet licensed: a. may not perform nursing actions until he or she has passed the licensing examination. b. is not responsible for his or her actions as a student under the state licensing law. c. are held to the same standards as a licensed nurse. d. must apply for a temporary student nurse permit to practice as a student.

are held to the same standards as a licensed nurse.

A 48-year-old man refuses to take a medication ordered for the control of his blood pressure. The nurse's most effective response would be: a. "Your doctor expects you to be compliant." b. "You have the right to refuse. This medication keeps your blood pressure under control." c. "Fine. I will document that you are refusing this drug." d. "Are you aware that you could have a stroke?"

b. "You have the right to refuse. This medication keeps your blood pressure under control."

Which of the following could place the nurse in a serious legal situation? a. A nurse posts a poem about the qualities of a compassionate nurse on his or her social media page. b. A nurse's mother shares a "selfie" of her daughter (a nurse) and a celebrity patient she is caring for on her social media page. c. A nurse posts a request for prayer for strength after a difficult day at work. d. A nurse posts a video of fellow nurse's lip syncing and dancing to a popular song, "We are Strong."

b. A nurse's mother shares a "selfie" of her daughter (a nurse) and a celebrity patient

Sickle cell anemia is an example of a biological trait found primarily in: a. Asian populations. b. African populations. c. American Indian populations. d. Hispanic populations.

b. African populations.

Women volunteers were organized to give nursing care to the wounded soldiers during the Civil War by: a. Florence Nightingale. b. Dorothea Dix. c. Clara Barton. d. Lillian Wald.

b. Dorothea Dix.

The nurse assesses a terminal illness in: a. a 76-year-old admitted to a nursing home with Alzheimer disease who is pacing and asking to go home. b. a 43-year-old with Lou Gehrig's disease who is refusing food and fluid. c. a 2-year-old child who burned her esophagus by drinking drain cleaner and who is being fed by a tube. d. a 52-year-old diagnosed with lung cancer who had part of one lung removed and has a closed chest drainage device in place.

b. a 43-year-old with Lou Gehrig's disease who is refusing food and fluid

Homeostasis can be described as: a. the unchanging steady condition of humans in a changing external environment. b. a tendency of biological systems toward stability of the internal environment by continuously adjusting to survive. c. biological wellness that comes from the ability of the body to change and respond to physical changes in the environment. d. a response to stress that results from a person's choice of coping mechanisms to deal with the stress.

b. a tendency of biological systems toward stability of the internal environment by continuously adjusting to survive.

An example of a violation of criminal law by a nurse is: a. taking a controlled substance from agency supply for personal use. b. accidentally administering a drug to the wrong patient, who then has a serious reaction. c. advising a patient to sue the doctor for a supposed mistake the doctor made. d. writing a letter to the newspaper outlining questionable or unsafe hospital practices

taking a controlled substance from agency supply for personal use.

During the Civil War, nursing schools offered education to women both in England and in the United States. The schools in the United States differed from those in Europe because in US schools: (Select all that apply.) a. students worked without pay. b. the core curriculum was the same. c. instruction was presented by physicians at the bedside. d. the educational focus was on nursing care. e. classes were held separately from the clinical experience.

A,C

Characteristics of primary nursing include: (Select all that apply.) a. elimination of fragmentation of care between shifts. b. evolved in the mid-1950s. c. planning and direction performed by one nurse. OBJ: Theory #10 d. ancillary workers used to increase productivity. e. the care plan covering the entire day. f. associate nurses taking over care and planning when the primary nurse is off duty

A,C,D,E,F

. In 1991, the American Nurses Association (ANA) published the Standards of Nursing Practice. These standards are designed to: (Select all that apply.) a. set standards for safe nursing care delivery. b. define the legal scope of practice. c. state legal requirements for clinical practice. d. protect the nurse, patient, and health care agency. e. regulate the nursing profession. f. define activities in which nurses may engage.

A,D,F

The nurse clarifies that a person who is self-actualized would have the characteristics of: (Select all that apply.) a. having met all other need levels. b. being certain of their beliefs and values. c. not being swayed by new ideas. d. having little need for creative self-expression. e. depending on significant others.

ANS: A, B

The nurse describes behaviors of the transition stage of illness, which are: (Select all that apply.) a. awareness of vague symptoms. b. denial of feeling ill. c. resorts to self-medication. d. withdrawal from roles and responsibilities. e. recovery from illness begins.

ANS: A, B, C

The responses during the alarm stage of the general adaptation syndrome as defined by Hans Selye include: (Select all that apply.) a. slight increase in body temperature. b. substantial increase in energy. c. decreased appetite. d. hormones released for mobilization for defense. e. the body's adaptation abilities temporarily overreacting.

ANS: A, C, D

Which defines the holistic approach to caring for the sick and promoting wellness? (Select all that apply.) a. The nurse's focus is specific to the disease or injury. b. The nurse realizes that each person has a responsibility for his or her own health. c. Health care providers are required to intervene on behalf of all persons to ensure that health goals are met. d. Providers combine traditional methods of health care with relaxation techniques for pain management. e. A change in one aspect of

ANS: B, C, D, E

When the brain perceives a situation as threatening, the sympathetic nervous system reacts by stimulating which of the following physiological functions? (Select all that apply.) a. Constriction of the pupils b. Dilation of the bronchial tubes c. Decreased heart rate d. Dilation of the pupils

ANS: B, D

Preferred provider organizations (PPOs) use ____________ to finance their services and pay the physical cost of the service.

Capitated cost

In order to fulfill the common goals defined by nursing theorists (promote wellness, prevent illness, facilitate coping, and restore health), the LPN must take on the roles of: a. caregiver, educator, and collaborator. b. nursing assistant, delegator, and environmental specialist. c. medication dispenser, collaborator, and transporter. d. dietitian, manager, and housekeeper.

a. caregiver, educator, and collaborator

According to Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome (GAS), a person who has experienced excessive and prolonged stress is likely to: a. develop an illness or disease such as allergy, arthritis, or asthma. b. become resistant to biological methods of treatment. c. seek treatment for imagined illnesses and nonexistent symptoms. d. be admitted to the hospital during the alarm stage.

a. develop an illness or disease such as allergy, arthritis, or asthma.

A person who has been brought to the emergency room after being struck by a car insists on leaving, although the doctor has advised him to be hospitalized overnight. The nurse caring for this patient should: a. have him sign a Leave Against Medical Advice (AMA) form. b. tell him that he cannot leave until the doctor releases him. c. immediately begin the process of involuntary committal. d. contact the person's health care proxy to assist in the decision-making process.

a. have him sign a Leave Against Medical Advice (AMA) form

An example of tertiary health care is: a. hospice care. b. restorative care. c. emergency care. d. home health care.

a. hospice care.

The nurse assesses successful adaptation in a post stroke patient when the patient: a. learns to walk and maintain balance with the aid of a walker. b. consistently takes antihypertensive drugs. c. attempts to get out of bed unassisted. d. refuses assistance with feeding.

a. learns to walk and maintain balance with the aid of a walker

The factors involved in assessing the importance the patient attaches to the relief of a particular deficit include: a. needs that the nurse must assess to prioritize care, because they may be different from person to person. b. ordering needs according to Maslow's hierarchy, with lower level needs being least compelling. c. needs based on a hierarchy in which higher level needs are more prominent and demand attention before lower level needs. d. needs that are usually not known to the patient

a. needs that the nurse must assess to prioritize care, because they may be different from person to person.

A patient has signed a do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order. If a nurse performs cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) when the patient stops breathing and then successfully revives the patient, the: a. nurse could be found guilty of battery. b. patient would have no grounds for legal action. c. patient could charge the nurse with false imprisonment. d. nurse could be found guilty of assault.

a. nurse could be found guilty of battery.

After passing the National Council Licensure Examination for Practical Nurses (NCLEX PN), the nurse is qualified to take an additional certification in the field of: a. pharmacology. b. care of infants and children. c. operating room technology. d. community health.

a. pharmacology.

The nurse encourages a patient to participate in health maintenance by maintaining an ideal body weight as a method of: a. primary prevention. b. secondary prevention. c. tertiary prevention. d. simple prevention.

a. primary prevention.

A nurse practicing a holistic approach to nursing care must: a. recognize that a change in one aspect of the person's life can alter the whole of that person's life. b. take responsibility for health care decisions. c. promote state of the art technology. d. discourage the use of more natural remedies and alternative methods of health care.

a. recognize that a change in one aspect of the person's life can alter the whole of that person's life.

The advent of diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) required that nurses working in health care agencies: a. record supportive documentation to confirm a patient's need for care in order to qualify for reimbursement. b. use the DRG rather than their own observations for patient assessment. c. be aware of the specific drugs related to the diagnosis. d. acquire cross-training to make staffing more flexible.

a. record supportive documentation to confirm a patient's need for care in order to qualify for reimbursement.

A nurse clarifies that methods of tertiary prevention are designed for: a. rehabilitation. b. delay of the development of a disorder. c. screening for early detection of disease. d. using an established protocol of therapy for a specific disease.

a. rehabilitation.

A nurse remarks to several people that "Dr. X must be getting senile because she makes so many mistakes." If that remark results in some of Dr. X's patients changing to another doctor, Dr. X would have grounds to sue the nurse for: a. slander. b. libel. c. invasion of privacy. d. negligence.

a. slander.

An advantage of preferred provider organizations (PPOs) is that: a. they make insurance coverage of employees less expensive to employers. b. there are fewer physicians to choose from than in an HMO. c. long-term relationships with physicians are more likely. d. patients may go directly to a specialist for care.

a. they make insurance coverage of employees less expensive to employers.

When a young family man hospitalized after breaking his leg confides to the nurse that he is concerned about the well-being of his family and financial stress, the nurse can best support his sense of security by: a. reassuring him that his leg will heal quickly. b. actively listening to his concerns. c. encouraging family to make frequent visits. d. distracting him from his concerns by socialization.

b. actively listening to his concerns.

Ethics and law are different from each other in that ethics: a. bear a penalty if violated. b. are voluntary. c. rarely change. d. can always direct all decisions.

b. are voluntary.

When diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) were established by Medicare in 1983, the purpose was to: a. put patients with the same diagnosis on the same unit. b. attempt to contain the costs of health care. c. increase the availability of medical care to older adults. d. identify a patient's condition more quickly.

b. attempt to contain the costs of health care.

The nurse takes into consideration that in the stage of resistance in Selye's GAS, the patient: a. regresses to a dependent state. b. continues to battle for equilibrium. c. becomes maladaptive. d. begins to develop stress-related disorders.

b. continues to battle for equilibrium.

The nurse uses a diagram to demonstrate how Dunn's theory of health and illness can be compared with a: a. plant that grows from a seed, blossoms, wilts, and dies. b. continuum, with peak wellness and death at opposite ends; the person moves back and forth in a dynamic state of change. c. ladder; from birth to death the individual moves progressively downward a ladder to eventual death. d. state of mind dependent on the individual perception of their own health or

b. continuum, with peak wellness and death at opposite ends; the person moves back

The nurse is aware that any description of health would include the concept that: a. health is the absence of illness, and illness is the presence of chronic disease. b. culture, education, and socioeconomic status influence one's definition of health or illness. c. illness is a biological malfunction, and health is biological soundness. d. lifestyle factors are the major determinants of health or illness.

b. culture, education, and socioeconomic status influence one's definition of health

A patient has been advised by the primary care provider to take medication for high cholesterol and to change eating habits after discharge home. The home health nurse discovered that the patient refused to follow the medical and nutritional directions. The nurse's best initial response to this situation is to: a. emphasize to the patient how important it is to follow the doctor's advice. b. determine whether any cultural, socioeconomic, or religious values conflict, thus interfering with the p

b. determine whether any cultural, socioeconomic, or religious values conflict, thus interfering with the patient's compliance.

A child who has just been scolded by her mother proceeds to hit her doll with a hairbrush. The nurse recognizes the child's actions are characteristics of: a. denial. b. displacement. c. rationalization. d. repression.

b. displacement.

The nurse is aware that a stressor as experienced by an individual is usually perceived: a. as a negative event or stimulus that affects homeostasis in maladaptive ways. b. in different ways based on previous experience and personality traits. c. as an opportunity for growth and learning. d. in similar ways if age and education are similar.

b. in different ways based on previous experience and personality traits.

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act's (HIPAA) main focus is in keeping: a. patients safe from harm. b. patient information in a secure office area. c. medications in a locked area. d. hospital infections under control

b. patient information in a secure office area.

Early nursing education and care in the United States: a. were directed at community health. b. provided independence for women through education and employment. c. were an educational model based in institutions of higher learning. d. have continued to be entirely focused on hospital nursing.

b. provided independence for women through education and employment.

The nurse explains defense mechanisms as a patient's attempt to: a. justify the patient's assumption of the "sick" role. b. reduce anxiety. c. problem solve. d. increase dependence.

b. reduce anxiety

It is appropriate for practical nurses to provide direct patient care to persons in a hospital under the supervision of a: a. medical assistant. b. registered nurse on the unit. c. supervising nurse who is responsible for care on several units. d. more experienced LPN on the unit.

b. registered nurse on the unit.

An elderly, slightly confused patient sustains an injury from a heating pad that was wrongly applied by the nurse. The nurse should: a. pretend to be unaware of the injury to the patient. b. report the incident to the risk management team via an incident report. c. document in the patient's medical record that an incident report was filled out. d. not document anything about the injury in the patient's medical record.

b. report the incident to the risk management team via an incident report.

A patient refuses to take his medications or to eat his breakfast. He is alert, mentally competent, and fairly comfortable. The nurse should: a. give the medications by injection if the patient will not take them orally. b. respect the patient's right to refuse medications or food, because he is competent. c. tell the patient that he must cooperate with his care. d. contact the doctor to insert a feeding tube to supply both medicine and food.

b. respect the patient's right to refuse medications or food, because he is competent.

In 1946, the World Health Organization redefined health as the: a. absence of disease or infirmity. b. state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being. c. presence of disease or infirmity. d. state of incomplete physical, mental, and social well-being.

b. state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.

If a nurse receives unwelcome sexual advances from a nursing supervisor, the first step the nurse should take is to: a. send an anonymous letter to the nursing administration to alert them to the situation. b. tell the nursing supervisor that she is uncomfortable with the sexual advances and ask the supervisor to refrain from this behavior. c. report the nursing supervisor to the state board for nursing. d. resign and seek employment in a more comfortable environment.

b. tell the nursing supervisor that she is uncomfortable with the sexual advances and

The LPN demonstrates an evidence-based practice by: a. using a drug manual to check compatibility of drugs. b. using scientific information to guide decision making. c. using medical history of a patient to direct nursing interventions. d. basing nursing care on advice from an experienced nurse.

b. using scientific information to guide decision making

In the United States, the Young Women's Christian Association (YMCA) in New York opened The ____________ School, the first practical nursing school.

ballard

The nursing theory that uses seven behavioral subsystems in an adaptation model is: a. Betty Neumann. b. Sister Calista Roy. c. Dorothy Johnson. d. Patricia Benner.

c. Dorothy Johnson.

The LPN (LVN) assigns part of the care for her patients to a nursing assistant. The LPN is legally required to perform which of the following for the residents assigned to the assistant? a. Toilet the residents every 2 hours and as needed. b. Feed breakfast to one of the residents who needs assistance. c. Give medications to the residents at the prescribed times. d. Transport the residents to the physical therapy department.

c. Give medications to the residents at the prescribed times.

Which nursing care delivery system has been fully embraced by the nursing community and is identified as one of the seven QSEN competencies? a. Relationship-based care b. Team nursing c. Patient-centered care d. Total patient care

c. Patient-centered care

The nursing theorist whose practice framework is based on 14 fundamental needs is: a. Dorothy Johnson. b. Jean Watson. c. Virginia Henderson. d. Martha Rogers.

c. Virginia Henderson.

Criteria that justify becoming an emancipated minor and able to sign a medical consent include all of the following except: a. independence established through a court order. b. service in the armed forces. c. a 14-year-old whose parents are dead. d. a 17-year-old pregnant female

c. a 14-year-old whose parents are dead

A written statement expressing the wishes of a patient regarding future consent for or refusal of treatment in case the patient is incapable of participating in decision making is an example of: a. a privileged relationship. b. a health care agent. c. an advance directive. d. witnessed will.

c. an advance directive.

In giving nursing care to persons of Asian origin, the nurse should: a. keep the room warm and free of drafts. b. look the patient directly in the eye. c. ask permission before touching the patient. d. warmly clasp the patient's hand in greeting.

c. ask permission before touching the patient

The nurse assesses that a person is in the acceptance stage of illness when the patient: a. looks to home remedies to become well. b. reassumes usual responsibilities and roles. c. assumes the "sick" role. d. rejects medical treatment

c. assumes the "sick" role.

The Standards of Nursing Practice are designed to a. advance their nursing career. b. seek a scientific basis for their interventions. c. deliver safe, knowledgeable care. d. a leadership role.

c. deliver safe, knowledgeable care.

. A patient states, "I am not obese. My entire family is large." The nurse assesses that the patient is using the defense mechanism of: a. sublimation. b. projection. c. denial. d. displacement.

c. denial

Nurse Practice Acts define the legal scope of an LPN's practice, which are written and enforced by: a. American Nurses Association. b. National Council Licensure Examiners. c. each state. d. each health care agency.

c. each state.

7. A licensed nurse is liable for charges of malpractice when she: a. does not show up for work and fails to call to notify the agency. b. clocks in for another nurse to prevent that nurse from having pay docked. c. falsifies data, causing the patient to suffer problems resulting in death. d. assists in performing CPR that is unsuccessful, and the patient dies.

c. falsifies data, causing the patient to suffer problems resulting in death.

To best protect himself or herself from being sued, the nurse should: a. continue to do procedures as taught in school. b. purchase malpractice insurance. c. maintain competency. d. use evidence-based practice.

c. maintain competency.

A patient has advance directives spelled out in a durable power of attorney, with the appointment of his daughter as his health care agent. The daughter will be responsible for: a. paying all the medical bills associated with the father's illness. b. making all informed consent decisions for her father. c. making all choices about her father's health care if the father is unable. d. paying only for those health care decisions based on the advance directives.

c. making all choices about her father's health care if the father is unable.

When a patient asks a nurse to witness the signing of a will, the nurse should refer the request to the: a. nurse supervisor. b. hospital legal department. c. notary public for the hospital. d. nurse's attorney

c. notary public for the hospital.

An educational pathway for an LPN/LVN refers to an LPN/LVN: a. learning on the job and being promoted to a higher level of responsibility. b. moving from a maternity unit to a more complicated surgical unit. c. obtaining additional education to move from one level of nursing to another. d. learning that advancement requires consistent work and commitment

c. obtaining additional education to move from one level of nursing to another.

The nurse takes into consideration that the patient with an admitting diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes mellitus and influenza is described as having: a. two chronic illnesses. b. two acute illnesses. c. one chronic and one acute illness. d. one acute and one infectious illness.

c. one chronic and one acute illness.

Nursing liability insurance is a policy purchased and put into effect by the nurse for the purpose of: a. providing protection against being sued. b. reducing the chance of litigation. c. paying attorney fees and any award won by the plaintiff. d. providing the hospital with added protection.

c. paying attorney fees and any award won by the plaintiff.

Lillian Wald and Mary Brewster established the Henry Street Settlement Service in New York in 1893 in order to: a. offer a shelter to injured war veterans. b. found a nursing apprenticeship. c. provide health care to poor persons living in tenements. d. offer better housing to low-income families.

c. provide health care to poor persons living in tenements

A state's Nurse Practice Act is designed to protect the: a. physician. b. nurse. c. public. d. hospital.

c. public.

A nurse co-worker arrives at work 30 minutes late, smelling strongly of alcohol. The fellow nurses' legal course of action is to: a. have the nurse lie down in the nurses' lounge and sleep while others do the work. b. state that, if this happens again, it will be reported. c. report the condition of the nurse to the nursing supervisor. d. offer a breath mint and instruct the nurse co-worker to work.

c. report the condition of the nurse to the nursing supervisor.

A postoperative patient in the intensive care unit (ICU) is so confused and agitated that staff have not been able to safely care for him. He has pulled out his central line once, and he slides to the bottom of the bed, where he attempts to climb out, pulling and disrupting the various tubes and monitors. The nurse's best course of action is to: a. place him in a protective vest device. b. use a sheet to tie him in a chair at the nurses' station. c. request that the doctor write an order for a p

c. request that the doctor write an order for a protective device and/or medication.

The nurse believes that patient teaching of how to give insulin and monitor blood glucose levels will improve the level of the patient's: a. physiological well-being. b. security, by providing psychological comfort. c. self-esteem, by promoting independence and learning. d. self-actualization, by seeking knowledge and truth.

c. self-esteem, by promoting independence and learning.

The information in a patient's medical record may legally be: a. copied by students for use in school reports or case studies. b. provided to lawyers or insurers without the patient's permission. c. shared with other health care providers at the patient's request. d. withheld from the patient, because it is the property of the doctor or agency.

c. shared with other health care providers at the patient's request.

The Occupational Safety and Health Act includes all of the following, except: a. regulations for handling infectious materials. b. radiation and electrical equipment safeguards. c. staffing ratios and delegation criteria. d. regulations for handling toxic materials.

c. staffing ratios and delegation criteria.

Florence Nightingale's contributions to nursing practice and education: a. are historically important but have no validity for nursing today. b. were neither recognized nor appreciated in her own time. c. were a major factor in reducing the death rate in the Crimean War. d. were limited only to the care of severe traumatic wounds.

c. were a major factor in reducing the death rate in the Crimean War.

If a patient indicates that he is unsure if he needs the surgery, he is scheduled for later that morning, the nurse would best reply: a. "Your doctor explained all of that yesterday when you signed the consent." b. "Your doctor is in the operating room; she can't talk to you now." c. "You should have the surgery; your doctor recommended that you have it." d. "I will call the doctor to speak with you before you go to the operating room."

d. "I will call the doctor to speak with you before you go to the operating room."

A nurse is caring for an unmarried 16-year-old patient who has just given birth to a baby boy. The nurse will get the consent to perform a circumcision on the patient's son from the: a. patient's father. b. patient's primary care provider. c. patient's mother. d. 16-year-old patient.

d. 16-year-old patient.

The founding of the Red Cross is attributed to: a. Lillian Wald. b. Dorothea Dix. c. Florence Nightingale. d. Clara Barton.

d. Clara Barton.

Which of the following is considered a positive aspect of the Affordable Care Act? a. A 38-year-old mother is penalized on her taxes for not purchasing health insurance. b. A 42-year-old laborer who has chronic kidney disease is denied insurance coverage. c. Jamie, age 24, cannot continue insurance coverage on his parent's insurance since he has graduated from college. d. Maria, age 60, is able to obtain health insurance at a rate that is manageable on her income.

d. Maria, age 60, is able to obtain health insurance at a rate that is manageable on her income.

Standards of care for the nursing practice of the LPN are established by the: a. Boards of Nursing Examiners in each state. b. National Council of States Boards of Nursing (NCSBN). c. American Nurses Association (ANA). d. National Association of Licensed Practical Nurses.

d. National Association of Licensed Practical Nurses.

The nursing theory presented by Sister Calista Roy is based on: a. reduction of stress. b. achievement of maximum level of wellness. c. relief of self-care deficit. d. adaptation modes.

d. adaptation modes.

The nurse instructs a patient that according to Selye's GAS theory, when stress is strong enough and occurs over a long enough period, the patient will enter the stage of: a. convalescence. b. alarm. c. transition. d. exhaustion.

d. exhaustion.

The nurse explains that an idiopathic disease is one that: a. is caused by inherited characteristics. b. develops suddenly, related to new viruses. c. results from injury during labor or delivery. d. has an unknown cause

d. has an unknown cause

Although nursing theories differ in their attempts to define nursing, all of them base their beliefs on common concepts concerning: a. self-actualization, fundamental needs, and belonging. b. stress reduction, self-care, and a systems model. c. curative care, restorative care, and terminal care. d. human relationships, the environment, and health.

d. human relationships, the environment, and health.

The most frequently cited cause of a sentinel event by the Joint Commission is a problem in: a. applying physical restraints. b. methods of patient transportation. c. medication errors. d. inadequate communication.

d. inadequate communication.

A 16-year-old boy is admitted to the emergency room after fracturing his arm from falling off his bike while visiting with his stepfather who is not the custodial parent. The nurse is preparing him to go to the operating room but must obtain a valid informed consent by: a. having the patient sign the consent for surgery. b. obtaining the signature of his stepfather for the surgery. c. declaring the patient to be an emancipated minor. d. obtaining permission of the custodial parent for the surger

d. obtaining permission of the custodial parent for the surgery.

Included in Maslow's hierarchy, physiological needs are those that: a. nurture intimacy. b. foster independence. c. encourage social interaction. d. protect from harm.

d. protect from harm.

When a new admission to an extended care facility wanders about listlessly, eats only a small amount of each meal, and keeps himself isolated, the nurse can intervene by: a. assisting with feeding at each meal. b. reminding him that he is in a safe and secure area. c. socializing with him in the privacy of his room. d. supporting him to interact with an exercise group.

d. supporting him to interact with an exercise group.

A patient admitted for diagnostic tests is frightened of hospital procedures and is nervous about the possible outcome of the tests. She states that her mouth is dry and her heart is pounding. Her blood pressure is 168/78 mm Hg (her usual blood pressure is 140/80 mm Hg), pulse is 112 beats/min, and respirations are 22 breaths/min. The nurse will recognize that these signs and symptoms are: a. indicative of serious, acute health problems and should be reported to the primary care provider immedi

d. the effects of the sympathetic nervous system that can negatively affect the patient's health

If a nurse is reported to a state board of nursing for repeatedly making medication errors, it is most likely that: a. the nurse will immediately have his or her license revoked. b. the nurse will have to take the licensing examination again. c. a course in legal aspects of nursing care will be required. d. there will be a hearing to determine whether the charges are true.

d. there will be a hearing to determine whether the charges are true.

If a member of a health maintenance organization (HMO) is having respiratory problems such as fever, cough, and fatigue for several days and wants to see a specialist, the person is required to go: a. directly to an emergency room for treatment. b. to any general practitioner of choice. c. directly to a respiratory specialist. d. to a primary care provider for a referral.

d. to a primary care provider for a referral.

Exercise can reduce stress and anxiety by the release of _____.

endorphins

Adequate _____________ is necessary in the communication between nurse and patient in order to meet the higher basic needs of security, love, belonging, and self-esteem.

feedback

Such health services as surgical procedures, restorative care, and home health care would be classified as ________ care.

secondary