Foundations of Nursing II - Unit 6

The nurse is educating a client diagnosed with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). What statement indicates that the client understands the education provided? A. "IBS does not cause changes in bowel tissue." B. "IBS increases the risk of colorectal cancer." C. "This is a condition that is acute, temporary, and usually only occurs once in a life-time." D. "Abdominal pain is limited with IBS."

A. "IBS does not cause changes in bowel tissue."

A child falls and fractures a clavicle. What statement indicates that further teaching is needed? A. "My son can no longer play football." B. "My son will pain until it heals." C. "It is important to wear a sling for 4 weeks until healing occurs." D. "My son may have a bump that will smooth out."

A. "My son can no longer play football."

In educating parents of an adolescent diagnosed with ulcerative colitis, which statement would indicate that the learner understands what the most important part of care is? A. "We should take them to the emergency department with signs of bleeding or pain." B. "We should make sure they eat when having a flare in order to optimize their nutrition." C. "Stress reduction techniques like visualization and relaxation should be avoided when dealing with ulcerative colitis." D. "If side effects occur, we should try to cope with them, since the medications are important to take."

A. "We should take them to the emergency department with signs of bleeding or pain."

A teenager being assessed for scoliosis is asked to bend forward for an examination of her back, then to stand upright with feet together. What clinical manifestations are likely if the teen has scoliosis? (Select all that apply) A. Asymmetrical shoulder heights B. Positive culture for Staphylococcus aureus C. Decreased range of motion of upper trunk D. Positive Galeazzi sign E. Limited hip motion

A. Asymmetrical shoulder heights C. Decreased range of motion of upper trunk

The nurse suspects that a preadolescent client is experiencing migraine headaches. Which finding caused the nurse to make this clinical determination? (Select all that apply) A. Begins to vomit B. Reports dizziness C. Asks for the lights to be turned off D. Turns the volume up on the television E. Asks for something to stop the "head pounding"

A. Begins to vomit B. Reports dizziness C. Asks for the lights to be turned off E. Asks for something to stop the "head pounding"

An adolescent is admitted and diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The nursing providing discharge instructions should instruct the child to avoid which foods? (Select all that apply) A. Caffeinated soda B. Milk and cheese C. Kiwi and strawberries D. Oranges and grapefruit E. Lean chicken and fish

A. Caffeinated soda B. Milk and cheese D. Oranges and grapefruit

A child has a metabolic hereditary disorder with soft bones and abnormal gait. The pediatrician suggests that the child may have rickets. What data support the child's rickets diagnosis? A. Calcium level of 6.9mg and a phosphate level of 2.5 mg/dL B. Purulent drainage from the knee C. Presence of bands D. C-Reactive protein < 0.8

A. Calcium level of 6.9mg and a phosphate level of 2.5 mg/dL

The nurse is caring for a child suspected to have a personality disorder. The nurse knows which clinical manifestation is indicative of a precursor to a personality disorder diagnosis, according to MacDonald's triad? A. Cruelty to animals B. Learning disabilities C. Depression D. Suicidal ideation

A. Cruelty to animals

A 5-year-old client has been experiencing seizure activity for the last 20 minutes. What medication should the nurse prepare to administer to this client? A. Diazepam B. Clonazepam C. Ethosuximide D. Carbamazepine

A. Diazepam

The nurse is asked to prepare a teaching tool about acquired hydrocephalus in pediatric clients. Which type should the nurse include? (Select all that apply) A. Ex-vacuo B. Incomplete C. Communicating D. Normal pressure E. Non-communicating

A. Ex-vacuo C. Communicating E. Non-communicating

The nurse is educating the client about peptic ulcer disease. Which are the most common causes of peptic ulcer disease that should be emphasized? (Select all that apply) A. Helicobacter pylori (H Pylori) B. Long-term acetaminophen usage C. Stress D. Spicy food E. Chronic aspirin use

A. Helicobacter pylori (H Pylori) E. Chronic aspirin use

What is the expected treatment for a child who has osteomyelitis? A. IV antibiotics B. Traction C. Spica cast placement D. Bracing

A. IV antibiotics

A child is hospitalized with skeletal traction. What medication will the nurse plan to administer for muscle spasms? A. Lorazepam B. Morphine C. Acetaminophen D. Codeine

A. Lorazepam

The nurse recognizes that the most common symptom of a peptic ulcer is: A. Pain B. Bleeding C. Vomiting D. Diarrhea

A. Pain

An infant is born with an open spinal cord defect. Which action should the nurse take when caring for this client? (Select all that apply) A. Position the client prone. B. Position the client supine. C. Keep the defect open to air. D. Place the client on an open diaper. E. Cover the defect with a moist, sterile dressing.

A. Position the client prone. D. Place the client on an open diaper. E. Cover the defect with a moist, sterile dressing.

The nursing is planning care for a child diagnosed with borderline personality disorder. The nurse knows to include which intervention in the plan of care? A. Encourage the client to come up with a daily routine on his own. B. Provide consistent monitoring for suicidal ideation gestures and attempts. C. Allow the client to speak with staff in whatever manner he wishes. D. Encourage isolation for clients.

B. Provide consistent monitoring for suicidal ideation gestures and attempts.

The nurse is providing care to a child admitted to an inpatient psychiatric unit. The nurse knows to include which intervention for a child who demonstrates behavioral problems? (Select all that apply) A. Use punishment sparingly for noncompliance B. Provide incentives for compliance C. Do not utilize negotiation techniques D. Confront negative interactions E. Assess and reframe your expectations

B. Provide incentives for compliance D. Confront negative interactions E. Assess and reframe your expectations

A pediatrician tells a mother that the infant has metatarsus adductus. The mother asks the nurse what she could have done during her pregnancy to cause this congenital abnormality. What is the nurse's best response? A. The deformity may be related to the difficult pregnancy. B. The foot was deformed due to utero forces with the feet positioning. C. The foot deformity is most likely from the gestational diabetes. D. The foot deformity is because the mother is a multigravida.

B. The foot was deformed due to utero forces with the feet positioning.

A parent tells a nurse during a wellness visit at a pediatrician's office that her toddler sits differently than other children. The mother describes the sitting as a "W" position and asks if there are any treatments. What is the nurse's best response? A. You should ask the physician to schedule surgery to correct the internal femoral torsion. B. This deformity may correct itself as the child gets older. C. If the child is comfortable sitting in the "W" position let him be. D. I think you should encourage your child to walk more.

B. This deformity may correct itself as the child gets older.

A toddler is admitted to the hospital with a respiratory infection and a history of osteogenesis imperfecta. What safety precaution will the nurse use to prevent bone injury of the toddler? A. Allow toddler to ambulate in the pediatric unit B. Use noninvasive blood pressure measurements as needed C. Monitor temperature with a tympanic thermometer D. Encourage gentle holding of the toddler by staff

B. Use noninvasive blood pressure measurements as needed

A 6-year-old is admitted with suspected appendicitis. The client reports abdominal pain. What would be the best way to quantify the child's pain? A. Use the FLACC scale B. Use the revised FACES scale C. Use the 0 to 10 numeric scale D. Ask the child to describe the pain

B. Use the revised FACES scale

Which of the following assessment findings are associated with the diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease? (Select all that apply) A. Foul-smelling stools B. Vomiting C. Ribbon-like or watery stools D. Scaphoid appearance to abdomen E. Poor weight gain

B. Vomiting C. Ribbon-like or watery stools E. Poor weight gain

The nurse is explaining the similarities and differences between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis to a group of student nurses. Which statement is most accurate in explaining a similarity or difference between the two? A. "Corticosteroids are used only in Crohn's to induce remission." B. "Surgery is always required with Crohn's." C. "Both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are forms of inflammatory bowel disease." D. "Taking antidiarrheals will cure ulcerative colitis but not Crohn's disease."

C. "Both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are forms of inflammatory bowel disease."

The nurse is discussing the child's care after a plaster arm cast was placed after a radial fracture. What statement made by the parent requires the nurse to provide more teaching? A. "I will wrap the arm in a plastic bag for the evening bath." B. "When we go for a hike I will protect the cast from water.""I will allow him to swim for only one hour per day." C. "I will allow him to swim for only one hour per day." D. "I will expect the cast to stay in place for the next 4-6 weeks."

C. "I will allow him to swim for only one hour per day."

A child fell and had difficulty walking on the foot. The emergent x-ray did not show a fracture. What feature on the four-week repeat x-ray indicates to the nurse that the child had an occult fracture? A. A compression at the growth plate B. A perfectly aligned healing fracture C. A healing callus formation along the seam of the bone D. A thick periosteum

C. A healing callus formation along the seam of the bone

The nurse is assessing a full-term newborn infant and notes the lack of a Moro reflex. What should this finding represent to the nurse? A. A birth defect B. A normal finding C. An impairment of the central nervous system D. A dysfunction of the neuromuscular junction

C. An impairment of the central nervous system

The nurse is caring for a newborn after delivery and recognizes that the child was with born with a myelomeningocele. What action should the nurse take? A. Clean the area and leave it open to air. B. Clean the defect and cover with impregnated gauze. C. Cover the defect with a sterile dressing moistened with warm and sterile normal saline. D. Cover the defect with a simple dressing until the infant can go directly into surgery.

C. Cover the defect with a sterile dressing moistened with warm and sterile normal saline.

The nurse is visiting the home of a school-age child who is recovering from shunt placement for hydrocephalus. Which assessment finding indicates that the shunt is draining too aggressively? A. Fever B. Lethargy C. Dizziness D. Severe headache

C. Dizziness

A nurse is planning care for crisis intervention. Which reflects one of the four main concepts of crisis intervention? A. Sympathy B. Provide for anticipatory guidance C. Empathy D. Provide for hygiene needs

C. Empathy

The nurse is performing an abdominal assessment on a child. Why is it important to perform auscultation before palpation? A. Children don't like the coldness of the stethoscope and this will alter the exam. B. Bowel sounds are a priority in abdominal assessment. C. Palpation will change the quality of bowel sounds and therefore alter the assessment. D. Children view palpation as tickling, so this should be done last.

C. Palpation will change the quality of bowel sounds and therefore alter the assessment.

A 10-year-old presents with epigastric pain and nausea, and states they have pain that wakes them up at night. They say they feel better if they eat cookies or crackers. What condition does the nurse suspect the symptoms indicate? A. Ulcerative colitis B. Lactose intolerance C. Peptic ulcer disease D. Intussusception

C. Peptic ulcer disease

A 3-month-old infant has gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), but is thriving without complications. Which interventions should the nurse suggest to minimize reflux? A. Give continuous nasogastric feedings B. Give larger, less frequent feedings C. Thicken formula with rice cereal D. Place infant in a car seat after feeding

C. Thicken formula with rice cereal

A child fell and injured an arm during an evening soccer game. What does the nurse understand to the best easily available diagnostic test that can be used to confirm an arm fracture? A. Radiograph B. Computerized tomography scan C. Bone scan D. Magnetic resonance imaging

A. Radiograph

The nurse knows that establishing rules for a therapeutic milieu includes which action? (Select all that apply) A. Refer to child by first name only. B. Do not allow patients to have shoelaces, belts, or piercings. C. Allow approved individuals only to bring outside food into the milieu. D. Check every patient at least every 30 minutes to ensure safety. E. Nurses should not give clients personal information like their phone number or e-mail address.

A. Refer to child by first name only. B. Do not allow patients to have shoelaces, belts, or piercings. E. Nurses should not give clients personal information like their phone number or e-mail address.

A school-age child is reported as having a seizure at school. Which finding should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing focal seizures? (Select all that apply) A. Spasms B. Muscle rigidity C. Head turning D. Loss of muscle tone E. Jerking of the extremities

A. Spasms B. Muscle rigidity C. Head turning E. Jerking of the extremities

Cystic fibrosis is a hereditary disorder that affects the pancreas, intestines, and bronchi. Which of the following are common assessment findings? (Select all that apply) A. Steatorrhea B. Meconium ileus C. Failure to thrive D. Jaundice E. Dark urine and light-colored stools

A. Steatorrhea B. Meconium ileus C. Failure to thrive

A nurse is caring for a child with anxiety. The nurse knows to include which intervention when planning this child's care? A. Teach the client deep breathing techniques. B. Provide extra stimulation during times of anxiety. C. Take certain privileges away from a client exhibiting symptoms of anxiety. D. Facilitate conversations with friends.

A. Teach the client deep breathing techniques.

The nurse is preparing a school-age child for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). What considerations should the nurse identify as important when preparing a pediatric client for an MRI? (Select all that apply) A. The child is often given age-appropriate sedation for the MRI. B. Children should be encouraged to eat and drink prior to going into the MRI due to the long length of time they may be in the test. C. Nursing care is aimed at alleviating anxiety and complications. D. Any metallic piercings or jewelry must be removed from the child prior to the procedure. E. Intake and output must be monitored.

A. The child is often given age-appropriate sedation for the MRI. C. Nursing care is aimed at alleviating anxiety and complications. D. Any metallic piercings or jewelry must be removed from the child prior to the procedure. E. Intake and output must be monitored.

A preadolescent client with a history of Chiari malformation type II arrives for a sports physical. What information is essential for the nurse to collect before beginning the physical assessment? A. Type of sport B. Head circumference C. Grade level in school D. Current height and weight

A. Type of sport

The nurse is doing health promotion education with a group of young women. Because of the risk of neural tube defects, the nurse should stress the importance of taking which supplement daily while of childbearing age? A. Calcium B. Magnesium C. Folic acid D. Iron

C. Folic acid

A nurse is teaching measures to prevent the use of restraints and seclusion when a client demonstrates an outburst. What should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Utilization of de-escalation techniques after each outburst B. Awareness of the child's birth history C. Use of comforting rooms after an outburst D. Limiting communication with caregivers and families during an outburst

C. Use of comforting rooms after an outburst

An 18-month-old client is scheduled for an electroencephalogram (EEG). What should the nurse do to facilitate this diagnostic test? A. Wash the client's hair before the test. B. Provide a sedative 30 minutes prior to the test. C. Withhold food and fluids for 2 hours before the test. Transport the client to the testing site during naptime.

D. Transport the client to the testing site during naptime.

Which assessment finding in a child is concerning after an elbow fracture? (Select all that apply) A. Pain B. Weakness C. Paresthesia D. Pale in color E. Range of motion

A. Pain C. Paresthesia D. Pale in color

Gastroesophageal reflux disease is characterized by which of the following in infants? (Select all that apply) A. Increased hunger B. Arching of back, neck, and head C. during feeding D. Bilious vomiting E. Crying Currant-jelly stools

B. Arching of back, neck, and head E. Crying

The nurse is instructing a new employee on measures to implement for a child with suicidal ideation. Which statement made by the employee indicates understanding? A. "The client should be monitored at least twice per shift." B. "The client should wear a plastic gown throughout the hospitalization." C. "The client should be provided with finger foods." D. "The child should be placed in a quiet room."

C. "The client should be provided with finger foods."

A nurse is providing education to caregivers of children with stress or anxiety. Which statement made by the nurse is most appropriate about stress and anxiety in children? (Select all that apply) A. "Be sure you understand all of your child's medication, and when your child should take their medication." B. "Recognize signs and symptoms of when your child is posing a threat to themselves or others." C. "Be sure to notify your child's physician or health care team members if your child demonstrates dangerous, escalating behavior." D. "It will be important for your child to be isolated from others during times of high anxiety." E. "It will be important to collaborate the plan of care with other members of the community, such as teachers, coaches, or others."

A. "Be sure you understand all of your child's medication, and when your child should take their medication." B. "Recognize signs and symptoms of when your child is posing a threat to themselves or others." C. "Be sure to notify your child's physician or health care team members if your child demonstrates dangerous, escalating behavior." E. "It will be important to collaborate the plan of care with other members of the community, such as teachers, coaches, or others."

The nurse is teaching a client about their Crohn's disease diagnosis. Which responses determine that the client understands the education provided? (Select all that apply) A. "Crohn's disease is an immune response to injured tissue." B. "Crohn's disease is an acute one-time inflammatory disorder." C. "Crohn's disease can affect any part of the GI tract from the mouth to the anus." D. "Crohn's disease is more commonly found in the small intestine." E. "Crohn's disease may extend through the entire thickness of the bowel."

A. "Crohn's disease is an immune response to injured tissue." C. "Crohn's disease can affect any part of the GI tract from the mouth to the anus." D. "Crohn's disease is more commonly found in the small intestine." E. "Crohn's disease may extend through the entire thickness of the bowel."

The nurse is assessing a child who presents with diarrhea. Which questions would be important to ask the caregivers? (Select all that apply) A. "How frequent is the diarrhea?" B. "Are the stools bloody?" C. "Did you insert anything in the rectum to cause this?" D. "Is the stool watery?" E. "Don't you make your child wash their hands so they don't get sick?"

A. "How frequent is the diarrhea?" B. "Are the stools bloody?" D. "Is the stool watery?"

You are caring for a 6-year-old boy with suspected meningitis. Which clinical manifestations would you expect? (Select all that apply) A. Afebrile B. Photosensitivity C. Stiff neck D. Altered mental status E. Spastic leg movements

B. Photosensitivity C. Stiff neck D. Altered mental status

The nurse is caring for a child with juvenile arthritis. What laboratory study may correlate with juvenile arthritis? A. C-Reactive protein 2.6mg/dL B. Positive Rheumatoid factor C. Bone biopsy with normal bone cells D. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate 99 mm/hr

B. Positive Rheumatoid factor

A child has just been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (CF). The nurse is teaching the client and their family about the importance of maintaining proper nutrition. Which statement made by the nurse is accurate? A. "The diet of a child with CF should be low calorie and low protein." B. "A gastrostomy tube may be required if failure to thrive occurs." C. "It is okay to eat whatever you want as long as you eat something." D. "It is important for you to take vitamin B & C since you have trouble absorbing them."

B. "A gastrostomy tube may be required if failure to thrive occurs."

When caring for a child with depression, the nurse knows to assess for which clinical manifestation? A. A child who demonstrates encopresis B. A child who demonstrates lack of interest in play C. A child who demonstrates enuresis D. A child who demonstrates symptoms of gastrointestinal problems

B. A child who demonstrates lack of interest in play

An 8-year-old reports right lower quadrant (RLQ) abdominal pain. The parent states, "He is just not himself. He's not playing and just lays on the sofa in a fetal position." Upon physical exam, he has rebound pain and pain in the RLQ when jumping. What does the assessment data indicate may be occurring with this child? A. Celiac disease B. Appendicitis C. Rotavirus D. Inflammatory bowel disease

B. Appendicitis

The nurse knows which precaution should be utilized when placing a client in restraints? (Select all that apply) A. Make sure that one finger can be placed between the restraint and limb B. Assess client and vital signs every 15 minutes C. Discontinue as soon as the child requests D. Provide range of motion every 15 minutes. E. Offer fluids toileting every 15 minutes.

B. Assess client and vital signs every 15 minutes D. Provide range of motion every 15 minutes.

The physician is discussing Blount's disease with parents. What is the relationship between Blount's disease and musculoskeletal deformity? A. Blount's disease does not have any hereditary and genetics factors. B. Blount's disease is seen with heavy children with early ambulation. C. Blount's disease in infants is treated with long leg braces. D. Blount's disease is a psychosocial concern for infants.

B. Blount's disease is seen with heavy children with early ambulation.

The nurse is teaching about Crohn's disease. Which symptoms would the nurse include in explaining the clinical presentation of Crohn's disease? A. Constipation B. Diarrhea C. Symptoms of gastric reflux D. Weight gain

B. Diarrhea

The nurse is caring for a child at risk for elopement. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate when caring for a child with elopement precautions? A. Keep the child in isolation. B. Ensure that the child remains clothed in hospital attire. C. Provide one-on-one monitoring of the child. D. Watch the child for inappropriate verbal or physical interactions with others.

B. Ensure that the child remains clothed in hospital attire.

Which of the following assessment findings of a newborn would indicate that your patient has spina bifida? (Select all that apply) A. Meconium ileus B. Exposed spinal nerves and meninges C. Transverse palmar crease D. Bulging fontanel E. Partial or complete paralysis below spinal opening

B. Exposed spinal nerves and meninges E. Partial or complete paralysis below spinal opening

Which of the following is a potential assessment finding in an infant with pyloric stenosis? A. Sandifer's syndrome B. Forceful vomiting C. Abdominal distention D. Watery diarrhea

B. Forceful vomiting

A school-age client is experiencing bilateral lower extremity weakness that is spreading to the hands and arms. Which diagnostic test should the nurse expect to prepare this client? A. MRI of the spine B. Lumbar puncture C. CT scan of the head D. Electroencephalogram

B. Lumbar puncture

Which of the following nursing interventions should the nurse include in the care of a child who has a spica cast? (Select all that apply) A. Neurovascular checks as needed for complaints of pain B. Medication administration for pain C. Repositioning every 2 to 4 hours while the patient is awake D. Increasing fluid intake and adjusting diet to prevent constipation E. Removing traction every 2 hours to avoid pressure sores

B. Medication administration for pain C. Repositioning every 2 to 4 hours while the patient is awake D. Increasing fluid intake and adjusting diet to prevent constipation

Billy is 12 years old and is showing signs of skeletal muscle weakness. The nurse knows that, based on his age and complaints, assessment should check for other signs associated with what diagnosis? A. Cerebral palsy B. Muscular Dystrophy C. Seizure disorder D. Meningitis

B. Muscular Dystrophy

The nurse is assessing motor skills of a preschool-age child. What method would best accomplish this goal? A. Ask the parent what the child is able to do. B. Offer age-appropriate toys to see if the child manipulates the toy appropriately. C. Ask the child questions to determine the level of capability. D. Give the child a physical exam.

B. Offer age-appropriate toys to see if the child manipulates the toy appropriately.

A parent is concerned about the child's sport's schedule. What statement made by the nurse explains overuse injuries? A. The child's body will not be able to overuse the musculoskeletal system. B. Overuse injuries occur when activity levels exceed the body's ability to recover. C. Only adults can suffer from overuse injuries. D. The child will stop the activity with any pain.

B. Overuse injuries occur when activity levels exceed the body's ability to recover.

Abby is a 4-year-old girl being seen for her well-child exam. Her mother reports that she often appears as if she is daydreaming. What diagnosis is suspected? A. Guillain-Barre syndrome B. Spinal muscle atrophy C. Cerebral palsy D. Absence seizures

D. Absence seizures

The nurse knows which safety measure should be in place for a client on elopement precautions? A. Placing the client in restraints B. Allowing the client to wear clothes from home to make them feel more comfortable C. Placing the client in a private room D. Asking the client to avoid congregating around exits to the unit

D. Asking the client to avoid congregating around exits to the unit

A nurse is planning care for a child with a learning disability. What should the nurse include in the plan of care? A. Implementing multiple learning strategies B. Teaching on developmental milestones C. Requesting testing through outside sources D. Assessing the client's needs prior to implementing a particular learning strategy

D. Assessing the client's needs prior to implementing a particular learning strategy

The major goal of therapy for children with cerebral palsy is which of the following? A. Cure underlying defect causing the disorder B. Reverse degenerative processes that have occurred C. Prevention of spread to individuals in close contact with child D. Early and aggressive intervention to maximize independence

D. Early and aggressive intervention to maximize independence

A nurse is planning care for a child with mood disorder. Which clinical manifestation is indicative of depression in children? A. Demonstrating pleasure with play activities B. Making eye contact frequently C. Demonstrating enuresis D. Having anorexia

D. Having anorexia

A nurse is performing the Ortolani and Barlow test on a baby. What is the nurse checking for? A. Internal femoral torsion B. Club foot C. Lateral tibial torsion D. Hip dysplasia

D. Hip dysplasia

Constipation is treated with __________________ in infants, and with ________________ in older children and adolescents. A. Mineral oil; lactulose B. Docusate sodium; polyethylene glycol 3350 C. Bisacodyl; lactulose D. Lactulose; polyethylene glycol 3350

D. Lactulose; polyethylene glycol 3350

A 3-month-old child has a Spica cast with hip dysplasia. What is a nursing intervention to care for the child's urinary elimination? A. Insert a Foley catheter B. Remove the cast for toileting C. Turn and reposition the child every 2 hours D. Pad the cast to keep the sides dry

D. Pad the cast to keep the sides dry

The nurse is teaching a soccer team in the community about avoiding overuse injuries. What will the nurse include in the teaching? A. There is no need to stretch or do warm-up exercises before the game. B. The game rules are for the coaches. C. The only time you can talk about pain is when the game is over. D. The preparation before the game is important for the body to be stretched.

D. The preparation before the game is important for the body to be stretched.

A 6-month-old child with cerebral palsy has a positive Ortolani test indicating hip dysplasia. The parents are asking what caused the hip dysplasia at this age. What is the nurse's best response? A. Neuromuscular conditions always progress to hip dysplasia with time. B. The hip dysplasia was missed with prior examinations. C. The nature of cerebral palsy lends itself many musculoskeletal diseases. D. The spasticity overpowers the muscles that keep the femoral head located in the socket.

D. The spasticity overpowers the muscles that keep the femoral head located in the socket.