From Rock to Bach, Stewart, Exam 2

How are the Beach Boys and the Beatles similar?

They both demonstrated mastery of a style to creation of something new; ie. craft to art, just like the Beatles did.

Note

the most basic unit of sound in music

Pete Best

the original drummer for the Beatles

True or False: The musicians playing in "Garage Bands" had to have a lot of musical skill and talent.

False

Cadence

the end of a phrase

Which of the following Beach Boys albums influenced the Beatles album "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band"? A. The Beach Boys Today! B. Summer Days (and Summer Nights!) C. Pet Sounds D. Smiley Smile

C. Pet Sounds

From the perspective of American Youth, the British invasion as centered on: A. a wide range of musical styles found in British Bands B. the combination of pop and blues oriented songwriting C. nonmusical issues such as the band's image and its members accents D. american music being rewritten and repackaged for consumers

C. nonmusical issues such as the band's image and its members accents

All of the following are elements of 1960's garage bands except: A. releasing records in regional markets B. rehearsing in basements or garages C. signing with major California-based labels D. recording on simple equipment

C. signing with major California-based labels

Where were the Beatles originally from?

Liverpool, UK

Describe the significance of The Beatles' "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band" and "Strawberry Fields/Penny Lane" single

- the album was meant to feel like a community coming together to listen - first album to include lyrics on the back, most rock albums didn't do this - compound ABA form - avant-garde;aleatoric musical techniques

Cream

-Eric Clapton

The Kingsman

- "Louie Louie" - garage band

The Rolling Stones

- "bad boys" - Brian Jones: got the stones started - Mick Jagger and Keith Richards: most well recognized for being in the stones - "I Can't Get No Satisfaction"

Timothy Leary

- "turn on, tune in, drop out" - a member of the grateful dead - harvard professor who co wrote The Psychedelic Experience - organizer of the "acid tests" and the leader of the merry pranksters (kim keazy)

Describe the significance of "Good Vibrations" by The Beatles

- $50k to make, weeks to put together (much more than pop artists) - lyrics make it look like contrasting verse-chorus, but the music itself shows that it isn't that at all fairman instrument: uses electric field between the two metal ends, and depending on where you put your hand in between the two ends, it makes a different pitch; it's the sound you'd hear in a horror film it's like multiple songs put together

Hard Day's Night ('64) - The Beatles

- Banjo-y surf-guitar kind of guitar sound - upbeat

The British Invasion

- British bands making their way into America's ears - many bands copycatted the sounds of the Beatles

The Yardbirds

- Eric Clapton: either you love him or hate him; wanted to bring back Robert Johnson - Jeff Beck: guitarist - Jimmy Page: created Led Zeppelin

Stevie Wonder

- Fingertips, Part 2 (harmonica, drums, big-band sounding; travel music as soon as the song is finished, right back into the next song) - in the 70's began to assert more power over the motown music they put out

How did the Beatles "pay their dues"?

- Hamburg, Germany ('60-'62) - had VERY long 7-hour sets each night for months on end in clubs in the red-light district (some 1,700 hours) - forced them to work out all their kinks as a band, and perfect the sound that they became known for

Fame Records

- Muscle Shoals, Alabama - studio band: The Swampers

Who were the original members of the Beatles?

- Pete Best - John Lennon - Paul McCartney - George Harrison

The Who

- Pete Townshend: guitar player and songwriter - Roger Daltrey: lead vocals and face of the band - John Entwhistle: fun to watch on stage, bass - Keith Moon: drums, died young due to drugs

Who were the final members of the Beatles?

- Ringo Starr - John Lennon - Paul McCartney - George Harrison

"Love Me Do"

- The Beatles - first chart-topper (#17) - were still turned down by many record labels

Please Please Me ('62) - The Beatles

- The Beatles ('62) - first top 10 hit in the UK - guitar and drums very present - vocal harmonies - AABA form

Describe the 60's in context of what major events were going on, what major movements were being pushed, and the impact on music at that time.

- a time of change, hope, and despair - new president, young people supported (Kennedy), MLK, nonviolent movement was very popular - good times were fraught with despair (1962 - cuban missile crisis, assassination of Kennedy, civil rights movement involved a lot of violence, growing conflict in Vietnam, as well as the anti-war movement environmental movement, women's movement, policy movement, etc - the music that developed at this time became very tied into the social landscape of the 60's

Paul McCartney

- bass, vocals, most of songwriting - stable home life, musical household

Folk Rock

- been around a long long time - serious subject matter; addresses serious issues of the day - generally associated with problems of the less-fortunate, left-wing political positions, stories of the common people - acoustic guitars and singers

Barry Gordy

- black owner of the label - one of the most successful businesses as a whole in the US at the time - very controlling of what he produced and the sound

Psychedelia

- centered in san francisco/california, but it's very widespread all over the place - rebellious in nature, just like rock n roll (it's rock n roll on drugs) - older listeners, not just teenagers

Why did Folk Rock Artists generally stick to just their voices and an acoustic guitar?

- creates a philosophical connection between the singers and those singing along - much more democratic - it was easier to bring an acoustic guitar over your shoulder instead of bringing amps and drums to a rally

Ringo Starr

- drummer - there was some controversy about whether or not he was a good drummer, but he was very creative and interesting regardless of whether he was the most proficient or not

Bob Dylan

- electric guitar and other rock instruments were brought when he performed - writer of many popular folk songs that were covered by other people - lyrics covered serious political issues - not a fan of being the "voice of the generation" struggled with publicly answering questions about why he wrote what he wrote

Beatlemania

- everyone loved the Beatles - '64 - went to be on the Ed Sullivan show in Chicago (first show in america that made people love them)

Simon and Garfunkle

- first album didn't do well, and then a producer found it, added electric instruments, and it did extremely well - "Sound of Silence" - original song: haunting, gorgeous sound; gentle chords at first then changes to strumming - rock version: electric guitar playing same thing as acoustic, drums enter with chorus

Role of Eastern Religions in Psychedelia

- hippies blend drug use with eastern religions - they weren't necessarily a proponent of drug use, but both were meshed together - beatles were a huge part of this, and they used this influence in much of their later music

British Blues revival

- if bands played this music, they were known as "the bad boys" - drew on chicago electric blues of late 40's-50s - london based enthusiasm for collecting and performing american blues

James Brown

- king records - started as a fill in for little richard - went from soul to funk - maniacal over control on stage, huge performer, would call people out for missing a note on stage, very charismatic, acts like he's getting slain by the Holy Spirit when he's performing - sang Please, Please, Please at the end of most of his performances

George Harrison

- lead guitar - wrote some songs

Stax Records

- located in Memphis "Soulsville" - Booker T and the MGs were the studio band -close relationship with Atlantic and Jerry Wexler

Describe the movement where people went from "music" to "art".

- moving into the 1960's there were all sorts of ideals where people wanted to be more aware of all the people playing in the band - bands started producing "concept albums" instead of just putting together a group of singles onto an album

How did the Beatles start out?

- original name was the Silver Beatles - were originally known as a skiffle band, and had a mix of traditional jazz, american folk, and rock n' roll type rhythms - played at the Cavern Club - they later started imitating american rock n' roll

Explain the significance of "Positively 4th Street" - Bob Dylan.

- people were mad at him for introducing electric instruments into the folk rock world because they thought it was "giving in" to "popular culture"

Garage bands

- precurser to Punk music of the late 70's - young people with little musical skill - mostly focused in the northwest

Tomorrow Never Knows ('66) - The Beatles

- psychedelic sound, hella trippy - sitar instead of guitar - not necessarily sounding like a rock song - loops of instruments being played backwards - drugs

John Lennon

- rhythm guitar, vocals, most of songwriting - rebellious, abandoned by parents, raised by aunt

How is "Blowin' In The Wind" - Bob Dylan characteristic of folk Rock?

- single guitar and voice, harmonica - essentially a poem, drilling at the point he's trying to make

Mowtown Pop

- started in Detroit, Michigan - Barry Gordy, black owner of the label - became one of the most successful businesses as a whole in the US at the time - The Funk Brothers go their start here

The Beach Boys

- switched from a bunch of singles to concept albums, just like the Beatles - Pet Sounds was the first concept album for rock music - moves in a direction away from surf music, more complex subject matter, instrumentation, influence from Wall of Sound - there's a melancholy feel to the whole album, subject matter is the same

Yesterday ('65) - The Beatles

- tabs instead of just cords - sounds more like folk music ~intimate~

Name the three major festivals of this time period?

1. Monterey 2. Woodstock 3. Altamont

How did the Beatles represent a model of a self-sustaining, trend-setting rock band in the 60's?

1. mastery of early rock 'n' roll styles & sounds 2. creation of original material based on the original styles and extending those styles to something new 3. branching out completely to create something truly different and unique

What were the two approaches to music during the psychedelic age?

1. music to assist in a trip 2. music as the trip itself

The jingle jangle guitar sound heard in the music of the Byrds came from A. the 12 string guitar B. Bob Dylan's switch to electric instruments C. Woody Guthrie's folk influence D. a combo of musical influences, including country and jazz

A. the 12 string guitar

Which of the following artists are associated with folk rock? A. The Beatles B. Bob Dylan C. The Who D. The Yardbirds

B. Bob Dylan

Early Bob Dylan songs focused on what? A. lighthearted songs about romance B. social injustices C. personal experiences about his role in the music industry D. continuing the legacy of early rock 'n' roll artists

B. social injustices

Who was the Beatles' manager?

Brian Epstein

How did Motown Pop differ from Southern Soul? A. motown was marketed to a middle class white audience and southern soul was marketed to a black audience B. motown artists had to attend charm school and southern soul artists did not C. motown music followed a strict assembly line type production overseen by barry gordy and southern soul was more laid back in its production D. all of the above

D. all of the above

What was an important feature of music in its role as a drug trip and in achieving a higher state of consciousness? A. songs became shorter to allow for a constant change of mood B. musicians simplified their use of instruments on recordings C. studio musicians were often hired to achieve a unified sound D. songs became longer and music sounds more ambitious

D. songs became longer and music sounds more ambitious

Who was the Beatles' producer?

George Martin

The Funk Brothers

In-studio band for Barry Gordy in Hitsville that would work alongside the artists in the studio to come up with hits

Why was there controversy surrounding the Kingsman's song "Louie Louie"?

People thought there was vulgar language hidden in the lyrics and wanted it off the radio. But when it went under investigation, it was decided that no one really knows what he was saying to begin with.

The Yardbirds developed long improvisatory passages at the end of their songs that were forerunners to the jam sessions that became popular. What were they called?

Rave-ups

Melody

a succession of notes together (not at the same time, that's harmony)

Phrase

melodies all strung together, broken up, or put together in any other way