FST 10
Chlorophyll is
A green pigment A photo-active compound in photosynthesis
If you want to gather wild mushrooms, you should take
A local person with experience
nutrient
A substance which when not ingested in sufficient amount, produces harmful actions on biologic mechanisms
Butter, cheese and other products are often colored yellow/orange by addition of the natural colorant...
Annatto
The coffee tree is native to Africa but the coffee beverage originated in
Arabia
Dinoflagellates
Are concentrated by marine filter feeders Are responsible for paralytic seafood poisoning
Hops was originally added to beer
As a preservative
The English East Indian Company was given a monopoly for trading by the English Crown in
Asia
The oldest known written recipe (from Egypt) was for
Beer
All of the following are "Premier Spices"
Black pepper Clove Nutmeg Chili Pepper
Soybeans, green beans & lima beans are examples of
Botanical fruits Legumes
The bitter taste in coffee is contributed by
Caffeine
True Tea is made from the leaves of the plant...
Camellia sinensis
The orange color of many fruits and vegetables results from the presence of
Carotenoids
Tea originated from
China
Source(s) of caffeine include
Coffee Tea Cola nuts
Most of the coffee we buy comes from
Coffee arabica
Peach pits, dried beans and cassava root contain the toxic compounds
Cyanogenic glycosides
Peach pits, dried beans and cassava root contain the toxic compounds...
Cyanogenic glycosides
Botanical fruits
Fruits are classified by botanical type and include: dupes, pomes, berries, citrus, melons, and tropical fruits.
Which protein carries oxygen in the blood stream?
Hemoglobin
Black pepper is a premier spice that is native to
India
True Teas with other ingredients include
Jasmine tea Earl Grey tea Genmai cha
The person who developed the process for making artificially carbonated water was
Joseph Priestley
Modified (or controlled) atmosphere storage of vegetables involves
Lower oxygen concentration Higher CO2 concentration
Chlorophyll contains the metal ion
Magnesium
Green vegetables turn pale (olive) green when overcooked because the chlorophyll loses its
Magnesium ion
Fruits and vegetables are often stored under ___ to inhibit ripening or deterioration
Modified (or controlled) atmosphere b) Refrigeration Low light conditions
The toxic compound solanine is found in
Potato plants Tomato plants Eggplant plants
Undercooking leads to microbial food poisoning, but overcooking leads to the production of carcinogens (PAH). This is...
The Hamburger paradox
Ergot poisoning was probably responsible for
The Salem witch trials
Glycoside
The acetyl or ketal of a sugar, monosaccharide
The color and most of the flavor of whiskies comes from
The charred wood of the barrels in which it is aged
B1
The most potent aflatoxin that can cause liver cancer
Ichtyotoxicology
The study of fish toxins
Solanine and chaconine
The toxic substances produced by sprouting potatoes
Tetrodotoxin
The toxin associated with the Japanese delicacy know as "Fugu"
Saxitoxin
The toxin implicated in paralytic shellfish poisoning
Which compound present in chocolate can be poisonous to dogs?
Theobromine
Carotenoids
This pigment category gives fruits and vegetables their yellow, orange, or red colors.
Chronic Toxicity
Toxic effects that take a long time to develop
Acute Toxicity means
Toxic effects with a rapid onset
Tetrodotoxin
Toxin: very potent sodium channel blocker; blocks action potential propagation in nerve, heart, and skeletal muscle. From puffer fish, California newt. Tox: paresthesias, paralysis
A good sanitizing process that does not damage fruit or vegetable quality or leave residual chemicals is
Treatment with dissolved ozone (O3)
The "hamburger paradox" refers to
Undercooking leads to microbial food poisoning Overcooking leads to the production of carcinogens (PAH)
Anthocyanins
Water soluble pigments located in the vacuole that give red, purple, blue and pale yellow colors to berries, grapes, apples, red cabbage, radishes, eggplant
Carbohydrates
Which is the major source of calories in most fruits
Cyanogenic glycosides
a glycoside that comes form the pit of stones fruits
Solanine
a poisonous substance found in potatoes that have turned green
LD50
a statistically- determined value that represents the best estimation of the dose required to produce death in 50% of the organisms (animals) tested
pome
apples or pear
drupe
apricots, cherries, peaches, avocados
legumes
beans, acacia
A distilled wine is called a
brandy
In the production of beer, in what stage is starch hydrolyzed into fermentable sugars?
brewing
Columbus was the first to bring ____ to Europe
chili pepper
hesperidium
citrus
The lipid-rich by-product of cocoa powder is
cocoa butter, white chocolate
pectin
component of fruit cell walls and provides texture to fruits
The word "cultivar" comes from
cultivated + variety
amanitin
deadly poison produced by some mushrooms
Which flavor compound provides the aroma of cloves
eugenol
fungal toxin
ex: ergot toxin, aflatoxin, mycotoxin; proteases can also cause symptoms, amanitin
hazard
exposure x toxicity
Animals and fungi are autotrophic
false
Cocoa powder is high in calories because it contains most of the fat
false
Crimini and Button mushrooms are different species.
false
Crimini and Portobello mushrooms are different species.
false
From a botany viewpoint, the Squash family is a family of vegetables
false
From a botany viewpoint, the tomato is a vegetable
false
Higher concentrations of flavor components are found in leaves of older plants than in younger plants
false
Natural foods are good for you because they have no toxins
false
The Portuguese and Spanish dominated the world trading routes on the oceans during 1500-1600s
false
The color and most of the flavor of whiskies comes from the toasted grain that is used in its production
false
A wine that has higher alcohol content because wine has been added to it is called a
fortified wine
ergot poisoning
fungus growing on grains produces a mycotoxin that restricts blood flow in the limbs; hallucinogenic
The tea with the highest antioxidant content is
green tea
Herbs are derived from which part of a plant
leaves
autotrophic
make their own food
An ancient civilization that was first associated with the pleasures of consuming chocolate was the
mayans
Annatto
natural food color (red,yellow,orange)
Green tea is
not fermented
Anthocyanins & Flavonols
pH or acidity greatly affects the color of these pigments.
The most expensive part of beer production is
packaging
pepo
pumpkin, squash, cucumber
Flavorings that are made from plant bark or dried fruit/nut are called
spices
Some mushrooms are grown by placing their ___ in holes bored in wood
spores
toxicant
substance which when ingested at high levels, produces harmful actions on biologic mechanisms
Which of the following has a high glutamate content, which gives an umami taste
tomato
Animals and fungi are heterotrophic
true
Beer is usually pasteurized if it is to be kept for a long period of time
true
Black pepper is a premier spice that is native to India
true
Brandies are distilled, fermented grape juice; Whiskies are distilled , fermented grain products
true
Climacteric fruits can continue to ripen after harvesting.
true
Generally, tea leaves contain more caffeine than coffee beans, but brewed tea contains less per cup than brewed coffee
true
Meat color depends on Myoglobin content and its chemical state
true
Sugar-acid balance has a significant influence on the flavor of fruits
true
There are about 20,000 edible plant species in our world, but most of our plant foods come from about 30 of these species
true
The most expensive edible fungi are
truffles
By weight, the major component of fruits and vegetables is
water
