Functions of the Digestive System

epiglottis

A flap of tissue that seals off the windpipe and prevents food from entering. Otherwise, you would choke

enzyme

A type of protein that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction in your body

the small intestine

Absorption of food into the blood stream takes place where?

duodenum

As chyme leaves your stomach, it enters the first part of you small intestine, called what?

produce vitamin K, B

Bacteria in the intestines have positive benefits. Name one

as much as three days

Chyme might stay in the large intestine how long?

speed

Enzymes _________ up the rate of a chemical reaction in your body

changed or used up

Enzymes work without being ___________ or __________

villi

Fingerlike projections in the small intestine that increase surface area and maximize the absorption of nutrients.

saliva

Fluid in the mouth, contains water, electrolytes, mucus and enzymes

the esophagus

Food enters the stomach from where?

1. Ingestion 2. Digestion 3. Absorption 4. Elimination

Food is processed in your body in four stages. Name them.

2 to 4 hours

How long does food stay in the stomach?

it destroys bacteria that are present in food

In addition to aiding in chemical digestion, what other important role does hydrochloric acid have in the stomach?

bile

In the duodenum, a greenish fluid from the liver is added. What is it called?

in the duodenum

Most digestion takes place where?

Chemical Digestion

Occurs when chemical reactions occur that break down large molecules of food into smaller ones

chyme

Partially digested, semiliquid food mixed with digestive enzymes and acids in the stomach. Moves into the small intestine from the stomach.

False

T/F Digestion takes place in the esophagus?

True

T/F Mechanical and chemical digestion takes place in the stomach?

Mechanical Digestion

Takes place when food is chewed, mixed, and churned

gas

The breakdown of intestinal materials by bacteria produces what?

Digestion

The process that breaks down food into so mall molecules so that they can be absorbed and moved into the blood

hydrochloric acid

What acidic solution is found in the stomach to aid in chemical digestion?

1. tongue 2. teeth 3. salivary glands 4. liver 5. gallbladder 6. pancreas

What are the 6 accessory organs associated with the digestive system?

1. mouth 2. esophagus 3. stomach 4. small intestine 5. large intestine 6. rectum 7. anus

What are the 7 major organs of your digestive tract?

1. the digestive track 2. accessory organs

What are the two parts of your digestive system?

1. Mechanical 2. Chemical

What are the two types of digestion?

anus

What controls the release of semisolid wastes from the body in the form of feces?

Pepsin

What enzyme is in your stomach, it helps aid chemical reactions that break down complex proteins

rectum

What is the last section of the large intestine?

to absorb water from the undigested mass of chyme, which maintains homeostasis

What is the main function of the large intestine?

the internal lining of the stomach is covered with mucus

What isn't your stomach digested by the acidic digestive solution?

As soon as food enters your mouth

When does the breakdown of food begin?

the mouth (chewing and saliva)

Where does mechanical and chemical digestion begin?

1. liver 2. gallbladder 3. pancreas

Which accessory organs produce or store enzymes and chemicals that help break down food as it passes through the digestive tract?

Amylase

Which enzyme is produced by glands in near the mouth? This enzyme helps speed up the breakdown of complex carbohydrates, such as starch, into simple carbohydrates -sugar.

Pancreas

Which organ is on the back outside of the stomach and releases several enzymes through a tube into the small intestine?

enzymes

Without ___________, the chemical reactions of your body would not happen. In fact, you would not exist.

peristalsis

waves of muscular contraction that help push food through your digestive system