Fundamentals CH 3

The nurse who is working in a long-term care facility is talking with a group of healthcare workers. One of the healthcare workers asks about current trends in health care. Which of the following trends should the nurse base the response on?

More people with chronic illnesses

A client has had a total knee replacement and is receiving care that includes learning to walk with a walker. What level of prevention is most applicable to this client?

Tertiary prevention

Which model is most useful in examining the cause of disease in an individual, based upon external factors?

The Agent-Host-Environment Model

A nurse refers a client to group counseling for alcohol cessation. What is Rosenstock's health belief model based on?

The client's perceptions of susceptibility and seriousness of a disease and benefits of action

A man with Alzheimer's disease in a nursing home will follow directions for dressing and feeding better with one nurse than with other staff members. This factor is related to

Therapeutic model of interaction

What have the models of health promotion and illness prevention been used for?

To help health care providers understand health-related behaviors.

When providing holistic care to a client, the nurse recognizes that which of the following is necessary? Select all that apply.

Understand and respect each person's definition of health. Understand and respect each person's responses to illness.

Primary

A nurse is immunizing children against measles. This is an example of what level of preventive care?

A patient with a lump in her breast calls her primary care physician to schedule an appointment for an evaluation. Based upon the patient's actions, what stage of illness is the patient demonstrating?

Assuming the sick role

How can the nurse best demonstrate being a role model for health promotion?

Avoid smoking and drinking alcohol

What is a misconception about chronic disease?

Chronic illnesses cannot be prevented.

A nurse working in the ICU understands that illnesses affect both the client as well as the family members. What are some things that often cause stress in family members due to a hospitalization of a family member? Select all that apply.

Decrease in social interactions Alterations in roles Economic problems Alterations in lifestyle

The definition of chronic conditions can be complex. Which factors would a nurse expect to be included in the definition of chronic conditions? (Select all that apply.)

Diseases where complete cures are rare Diseases that do not resolve spontaneously Diseases that have a prolonged course

A client has been admitted to the hospital for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis, a problem that was accompanied by a random blood glucose reading of 575 mg/dLm (31.91 mmol/L), vomiting, and shortness of breath. This client has experienced which phenomena?

Exacerbation

After studying concepts of health and wellness, the nursing student realizes that many different things influence a client's personal perception of health. Which of the following influences should the student list as factors that impact how a client defines health? Select all that apply.

Family Culture Community Society

What is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity?

Health

A client states, "I must be in poor health because I am a senior citizen. That's what my neighbor says and she is older than I am." This statement is based on which of the following factors?

Peer influence

A nurse is educating women on the need for calcium to prevent bone loss. What level of prevention does this represent?

Primary prevention

hich is an example of tertiary health promotion?

Rehabilitation

The nurse is holding a cholesterol screening at a local pharmacy this Saturday morning. What level(s) of health promotion is this screening an example of?

Secondary

A woman over the age of 40 years has an annual mammogram. What level of prevention does this represent?

Secondary prevention

Research has shown that the incidence of chronic conditions is increasing. Which lifestyle factor is associated with chronic diseases?

Smoking

A nurse is planning a health fair in the community to highlight promotion and prevention of the leading cause of death in the United States. Which disease process should the nurse address?

coronary artery disease

A nurse is caring for a patient who has breast cancer. The patient tells the nurse: "I don't know why this happened to me, but I'm ready to move on and do whatever I need to do to get healthy again." This patient is in which stage of acute illness?

Stage 3

When chronic illnesses and disabilities are present, individuals benefit most from activities that:

help them maintain independence.

An elderly patient has been recently diagnosed with vascular dementia. Because he lives alone and has poorly controlled hypertension, he has begun to receive home healthcare. This new aspect of his care is characteristic of which stage of illness?

Assuming a dependent role

A 48-year-old client was just diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client has a BMI of 35 and leads a sedentary lifestyle. The nurse informs the client of risk factors for the diagnosis and the need to change diet and exercise behavior. Which client statement indicates a need for further teaching?

"There is nothing that can be done anyway; chronic diseases cannot be prevented"

The nurse in a free clinic caring for clients uses the Health Belief Model, which is based on three components. What is the main focus for this model?

It focuses on what people believe to be true about their health.

A nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse explains to the client that COPD is a chronic disease. Why is COPD considered a chronic disease?

It has a gradual onset and lasts for a long time.

Nurses understand the importance of adopting healthy behaviors so that they can better care for clients. What are some examples of healthy self-care behaviors everyone should adopt? Select all that apply.

Maintaining an ideal body weight Eating regular healthy meals Sleeping 7-8 hours each night

The nurse is giving a talk to a local community group on the harms of smoking. The nurse tells the group that a risk factor is something that increases a person's chances for illness or injury. What type of risk factor is smoking?

Modifiable

The nurse recognizes that the client who makes the decision to accept a new diagnosis and follow the prescribed treatment plan is in which of the following stages of an illness?

Stage 3-Assuming a dependent role

A nurse is caring for a female client age 17 years whose left leg was amputated after being crushed in a motor vehicle accident. Which of the following interventions might the nurse perform to accommodate the cleint's intellectual dimension?

Teaching her how to care for the stump and explaining the rehabilitation program

When admitting an adolescent to the hospital, the nurse anticipates that the client will respond to questions about his health beliefs based primarily on his:

age and developmental stage.

Which nursing activity reflects care given on the tertiary level of healthcare delivery?

assisting with transplant surgery

The nurse is addressing primary prevention with a group of college students. Which is an example of a primary prevention measure?

use of condoms and safer sex practices

A nurse is caring for a client with end-stage liver failure. Which healthcare agency should the nurse recommend for continuity of care?

extended care

Which client growth needs are included in the love and belonging level of Maslow's hierarchy? (Select all that apply.)

family intimacy friendships

A client is admitted to the mental health centre with attempted suicide. Which of the client's problems is priority for the nurse to manage?

freedom from harm

An older adult client who has been hospitalized due to a stroke is about to be discharged from a rehabilitation centre where the client had to re-learn how to feed and dress oneself. The client often voiced a desire to be as active as possible. The client now expresses a strong desire to go home. The nurse recognizes that these statements made by the client indicate that the client is

giving up the dependent role.

The nurse is caring for a client admitted for the third time in 90 days with a diagnosis of heart failure. What nursing activities on a tertiary level will the nurse educate the client regarding to prevent readmission?

importance of adhering to a low sodium diet

The concept of holism is based on the belief that:

individuals cannot be seen apart from the environment.

The nurse is working in an acute care setting and performs primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention Which activity performed by the nurse is classified as tertiary prevention?

instructing a client how to use crutches

The nurse is explaining primary and secondary care to the client. Which nursing activity reflects secondary care as provided by the nurse?

ordering a mammography

The client is admitted with a gastrointestinal bleed (GI). The physician ordered a colonoscopy. Which level of care encompasses this procedure?

secondary

A client enjoys eating high-calorie carbohydrate meals, but understands her blood sugar can increase sharply, ultimately causing the feeling of butterflies in her stomach as her blood sugar decreases. This is considered

self-concept.

The nurse is preparing a plan of care for a client with nutritional deficits. Which is the priority intervention for this client?

teaching about intake of food and vitamins

A nurse refers an HIV-positive client to a local support group. This is an example of what level of preventive care?

tertiary

Why is health promotion and illness prevention a key responsibility of nurses?

Chronic illnesses are the leading health problem in the world.

A nurse provides interventions for clients in a long-term care facility to help them meet their intellectual needs. Which nursing actions promote these needs? Select all that apply.

A nurse provides education about foot care to a client with diabetes. A nurse explains to an obese client the benefits of following a healthy diet. A nurse shows residents a video discussing modified activities for older adults.

A community health nurse arranges for a dental checkup camp for the local children in the school district. Which of the following would most likely be the nurse's goal for this health camp?

health promotion

Nurses are aware that there is a current trend of an increase in the number of older adults resulting in an increase in the incidence of chronic illnesses. The nurse recognizes that some of the things that are necessary in order for a person to successfully adapt to a chronic illness include which of the following? Select all that apply.

One must maintain a positive self-concept. One must learn to live as normally as possible. One must maintain a sense of hope.

The nurse understands the role that religion and spirituality plays in a client's health. Which of the following is one example of the influence of the spiritual dimension on health care?

Orthodox Jews prohibiting the intake of pork

Chronic illness may be characterized by periods of remission. Remission is best defined as:

the presence of a disease with the absence of symptoms.