Fundamentals Exam 3 Review

Cessation of breathing for 20 seconds or longer

Apnea

Oxygen and carbon dioxide move between the alveoli and the blood by:

Diffusion

The nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed humidified oxygen at 6 L/minute. Which type of liquid will the nurse gather to set up the humidifier?

Distilled water

Which dietary guideline would be appropriate for the older adult homebound client with advanced respiratory disease who informs the nurse that she has no energy to eat?

Eat smaller meals that are high in protein

The nurse assesses a client and detects the following findings: difficulty breathing, increased respiratory and pulse rates, and pale skin with regions of cyanosis. What condition would the nurse suspect as causing these respiratory alterations?

Hypoxia - inadequate oxygen is available to cells

The primary extracellular electrolytes are:

sodium, chloride, bicarbonate

The nurse involved in coordinating a support group for spinal cord injury clients learns that one of the participants in the support group was a college athlete prior to his diving accident. The client informs the group that he earned a scholarship based upon his athletic abilities and not his academic performance, and after the injury, he focused his energies on his studies. He has been on the dean's list for two semesters. What defense mechanism is illustrated in this scenario?

Compensation

Acupuncture

Acupuncture can help with reduction of pain and nausea with clients. It is not a treatment for balance and coordination, strength and flexibility, or weight loss.

A client who is NPO prior to surgery reports feeling thirsty. What is the physiologic process that drives the thirst factor?

Decreased blood volume; intracellular dehydration Located within the hypothalamus, the thirst control center is stimulated by intracellular dehydration and decreased blood volume. When a client does not drink, the body begins intracellular dehydration and the client becomes thirsty. There is no extracellular dehydration.

A nurse is performing CPR on a client who collapsed. Which guidelines should be used for this procedure? Select all that apply.

The nurse should position the client supine on his or her back on a firm, flat surface, with arms alongside the body. If the client is in bed, place a backboard or other rigid surface under the client. Use the head tilt-chin lift maneuver to open the airway. If trauma to the head or neck is present or suspected, use the jaw-thrust maneuver to open the airway. Rest elbows on the flat surface under the client; grasp the angle of the client's lower jaw and lift with both hands if the jaw-thrust maneuver is use to open the airway. Look, listen, and feel for air exchange, taking at least 5 seconds and no more than 10 seconds. If the client resumes breathing or adequate respirations and signs of circulation are noted, place the client in the recovery position.

A nurse is caring for a client who is on total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which clients are candidates for TPN? Select all that apply.

clients with major trauma or burns clients with liver and renal failure clients with inflammatory bowel disease