Fundamentals of MLT Final

False

A HIPAA violation does not result in monetary fines.

Good

After leaving, the phlebotomist will finish preparing the samples for storage and transfer.

Paper towels after washing hands.

All of the following are disposed of in the red biohazard bag Except which of the following?

Venipuncture

Also known as a blood draw.

Phlebotomist

An individual that preforms phlebotomy.

Good

Ask for your name and birthdate or other identifying information.

Poor

Ask you to hold arm straight up for a few minutes but doesn't proceed to put bandage on site.

1. Blood Cultures, 2. Light Blue Top tube, 3. Red Top tube, 4. Gold Top tube, 5. Light Green, 6. Dark Green, 7. Purple/Lavender Tube, 8. Gray Top tube, 9. Yellow Top tube

Blood Draw Order

True

CLIA stands for clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988.

True

CLIA waived test are define as simple test with low risk for an incorrect result.

Royal Blue -plastic -no additive

Clot activator -serum. Common test includes zinc.

Marble Top tube or Gold tube

Contains a clot activator (silica particles) and serum gel separator. Used for various chemistry tests such as basic metabolic panels, liver profile, and renal profile.

Red Top tube

Contains silica particles and is used in biochemistry testing when there is possible interference from the separator gel. Serum- common tests include hormones, toxicology, and drug levels.

Physician or Nurse

Critical values are test results that may require urgent clinical interventions and are immediately called to the which of the following?

Good

Determine if you are nervous or have concerns.

Poor

Does not ask consent, just proceeds to collecting blood sample.

Poor

Does not dispose of waste materials, leaves them lying at station, and does not enquire how patient is doing before allowing you to leave.

Purple/ Lavender Top Tube

EDTA- Whole blood or plasma. Common test includes complete blood count (CBC), peripheral blood smears, and Reticulocyte counts.

Pink Top Tube

EDTA- whole blood or plasma. Common test includes ABO type and screen, DAT testing, and crossmatches.

OSHA

Ensures safe and healthful working conditions for workers by setting and enforcing standards and providing training, outreach, and education/assistance.

False

HIPAA stands for the Health Insurance Portability and Accounting Act of 1996.

True

HIPAA was developed by the department of Health and Human Services - these new standards provide patients with access to their medical records and more control over how their personal health information is used and disclosed.

Coagulation

In physiology, is the process of which a blood clot is formed.

Good

Insert the needle and withdraw the required amount of blood, capping and labeling the samples.

Immunology

Is responsible for laboratory testing and clinical consultation in several broad areas including evaluation of autoimmune diseases, and immunodeficiencies.

Gray Top tube

K oxalate and the anticoagulant and sodium fluoride as an inhibitor. Plasma -common test includes glucose and lactate.

Royal Blue -plastic

K2EDTA -whole blood or plasma. Common test includes Lead, Mercury, and Aluminum.

Histology

Knows as microscopic anatomy or microanatomy. Studies the microscope counterpart of "gross anatomy" - microscopic anatomy of biological tissues.

Semen, vaginal secretions, cerebrospinal fluid, and synovial fluid. (Write out)

List 4 Examples of OPIM (other potentially infectious materials):

Hemoglobin by copper sulfate, Dipstick or tablet reagent urinalysis, Urine pregnancy tests by visual color comparison, and fecal occult blood. (Write out)

List 4 examples of CLIA waived testing:

Gloves, goggles, gowns, lab coats (written out)

List 4 examples of PPE (personal protective equipment):

Sputum, feces, sweat, and vomit. (Write out)

List 4 examples of bodily fluids that universal precautions do not apply to unless visibly contaminated with blood:

Light Green Top tube or Mint Green

Lithium heparin - plasma separator tube (gel at the bottom). The common test includes basic chemistry profiles like basic Metabolic Panel, Lipid Panel, and Cardiac Risk Profile.

Poor

Locates an accessible vein, asks you make a fist, and does not apply a tourniquet.

All of the above. (Red blood cells, Plasma, and Platelets)

Once a unit of blood is donated at a blood bank, it can broken down into which of the following components?

False

Point- of - Care testing does not allow you to be nearby or present at the patient's bedside.

Good

Practices good hand hygiene, puts on gloves, and disinfects site where blood is to be taken.

Phlebotomy

Process by which a healthcare uses a needle to take blood from a vein, usually in your arm.

Good

Release the tourniquet, withdraw the needle, and apply gauze or cotton ball to puncture site.

Body Fluids

Routinely sent to Hematology department of laboratory for cell count and manual differential.

Urinalysis

Simply means analysis of urine. Very commonly ordered test which is performed in numerous settings such as clinics, outpatient laboratories, and emergency departments.

Blue Top tube

Sodium Citrate -predominantly used for the plasma, but can be whole blood dependent on test ordered. The common test includes PT/INR, aPTT, and D-dimer.

Dark Green Top tube

Sodium heparin- plasma or heparinized whole blood. Common test include lactate, ammonia, and renin/aldosterone.

Microbiology

The branch of the laboratory that is devoted to the identification of microorganisms including bacteria, yeast, fungus, and viruses in humans.

False

The main objective of CLIA is to ensure the quantity of laboratory testing.

Hematology

The study of blood and blood disorders. By staining, counting, analyzing, and recording the appearance of all 3 cell types, the lab professional is able to predict, detect, and diagnose blood diseases and systemic diseases affecting blood cells.

Immunohematology

The study of red blood cell (RBC) antigens and antibodies associated with blood transfusions.

Cytology

The study of single cell types, as often found in fluid specimens. Mainly used to diagnose and screen for cancer (ex. Pap smears).

Both A and B. (Hereditary Hemochromatosis and Polycythemia Vera)

Therapeutic phlebotomy is performed in which of the following cases?

Vacutainer Tube

This item is a sterile glass or plastic test tube with a colored rubber stopper/ cap creating a vacuum seal inside of the tube. The item in question is:

Clinical Chemistry

Uses chemical processes and analytical procedures to measure analytes in samples (blood, serum, plasma, etc.)

All of the above. (white blood cells, red blood cells, and bacteria)

When you are preforming a manual microscopic on urine sediment, what components are you looking for?

Anatomic Pathology

Which of the following Pathology specialties can be described as the study of tissues, organs, and tumors. Performing bone marrow biopsy's and interprets.

All of the above. (Hard plastic, sealable and self-locking, and leak- proof)

Which of the following criteria must a sharps container include?

Gown, mask or respirator, goggles or face shield, and gloves.

Which of the following statements depict the proper donning of PPE?

Pathologist, Laboratory Director, Laboratory Manager, and Department Supervisors.

Which of the following statements depicts the correct laboratory chain of command?

None of the above.

Which of the following statements is/are True regarding patient results?

Immediately after gloves are removed.

Which of the following statements regarding hand hygiene indication is/are True?

All of the above. (Handwashing with soap and water for at least 40- 60 seconds, do not use clean hands to turn off faucet, and Potential exposure to spore-forming organisms)

Which of the following statements regarding hand hygiene is/are True?

Must weigh at least 130 pounds.

Which of the following statements regarding volunteering as a blood donor is/are False?

Universal Precautions

Which of the following terms below can be defined as a standard set of guidelines to prevent the transmission of bloodborne pathogens from exposure to blood.

All of the above. (Cuts, Abrasions, and Mucous Membranes)

Which of the following would be an example of a portal of entry sites for potential exposures to blood-borne pathogens?