Fundamentals - Physiological Aspects

A client is admitted for surgery. Although not physically distressed, the client appears apprehensive and withdrawn. What is the nurse's best action? 1.Orient the client to the unit environment. 2.Have a copy of hospital regulations available. 3.Explain that that there is no reason to be concerned. 4.Reassure the client that the staff is available if the client has questions

1.Orient the client to the unit environment.

An intravenous (IV) solution of 1000 mL 5% dextrose in water is to be infused at 125 mL/hr to correct a client's fluid imbalance. The infusion set delivers 15 drops/mL. To ensure that the solution will infuse over an eight-hour period, at how many drops per minute should the nurse set the rate of flow? Record the answer using a whole number. ______ gtts/min

1000 mL x 15/8 x 60 = 15,000/480 = 31.25 = 31 gtts/min

A client reports nausea, vomiting, and seeing a yellow light around objects. A diagnosis of hypokalemia is made. Upon a review of the client's prescribed medication list, the nurse determines that what is the likely cause of the clinical findings? 1.Digoxin (Lanoxin) 2.Furosemide (Lasix) 3.Propranolol (Inderal) 4.Spironolactone (Aldactone)

1.Digoxin (Lanoxin)

A client admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of malabsorption syndrome exhibits signs of tetany. The nurse concludes that the tetany was precipitated by the inadequate absorption of which electrolyte? 1.Sodium 2.Calcium 3.Potassium 4.Phosphorus

2.Calcium

To minimize the side effects of the vincristine (Oncovin) that a client is receiving, what type of dietary plan does the nurse expect? 1.Low in fat 2.High in iron 3.High in fluids 4.Low in residue

3.High in fluids

A nurse administers an intravenous solution of 0.45% sodium chloride. In what category of fluids does this solution belong? 1.Isotonic 2.Isomeric 3.Hypotonic 4.Hypertonic

3.Hypotonic

A nurse assesses for hypocalcemia in a postoperative client. One of the initial signs that might be present is: 1.Headache. 2.Pallor 3.Paresthesias. 4.Blurred vision.

3.Paresthesias

A nurse is caring for a client with pulmonary tuberculosis who is to receive several antitubercular medications. Which of the first-line antitubercular medications is associated with damage to the eighth cranial nerve? 1.Isoniazid (INH) 2.Rifampin (Rifadin) 3.Streptomycin 4.Ethambutol (Myambutol)

3.Streptomycin

A health care provider prescribes simvastatin (Zocor) 20 mg daily for elevated cholesterol and triglyceride levels for a female client. Which is most important for the nurse to teach when the client initially takes the medication? 1.Take the medication with breakfast. 2.Have liver function tests every six months. 3.Wear sunscreen to prevent photosensitivity reactions. 4.Inform the health care provider if the client wishes to become pregnant

4.Inform the health care provider if the client wishes to become pregnant

A client receiving steroid therapy states, "I have difficulty controlling my temper, which is so unlike me, and I don't know why this is happening." What is the nurse's best response? 1.Tell the client it is nothing to worry about. 2.Talk with the client further to identify the specific cause of the problem. 3.Instruct the client to attempt to avoid situations that cause irritation. 4.Interview the client to determine whether other mood swings are being experienced

4.Interview the client to determine whether other mood swings are being experienced

The intake and output of a client over an eight-hour period is: 0800: Intravenous (IV) infusing; 900 mL left in bag; 0830: 150 mL voided; From 0900-1500 time period: 200 mL gastric tube formula + 50 mL water; Repeated x 2.; 1300: 220 mL voided; 1515: 235 mL voided; 1600: IV has 550 mL left in bag. What is the difference between the client's intake and output? Record the answer using a whole number. _________ mL

Intake includes 350 mL of IV fluid, 600 mL of nasogastric intubation (NGT) feeding, and 150 mL of water via NGT, for a total intake of 1100 mL; output includes voidings of 150, 220, and 235 mL, for a total output of 605 mL. Subtract 605 mL from 1100 mL for a difference of 495 mL.

A client is to receive 125 mL of intravenous (IV) fluid every hour. The drop factor of the IV tubing is 10 gtt/mL. How many drops per minute should the nurse administer? Record your answer using a whole number. ______ gtts/min.

Multiply the amount to be infused (125) by the drop factor (10) and divide the result by the amount of time in minutes (60 minutes); the product, 20.8, must be rounded up to 21 gtt/min.