Fundamentals Test One Prepu
One of the primary reasons for conducting nursing research is to: prevent further disease and death. a.generate knowledge to guide practice. b.quantify outcomes related to clients. c.determine outcomes for clients.
A
An abstract idea or object that relates to other abstract ideas or objects is which? a.Theory b.Deductive reasoning c.Concept d.Inductive reasoning
C
Which explanation accurately differentiates the role of the registered nurse (RN) from that of the licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)? a.The RN is permitted to prescribed medications. b.The RN directs the workload of an LPN/LVN. c.The LPN/LVN should work under the supervision of an RN. d.The LPN/LVN can only work in a long-term care facility.
C
Which is a focus of medical research rather than nursing research? a.Drug metabolism b.Prevention of trauma c.Health appraisal d.Promotion of recovery
A
Which theory describes, explains, predicts, and controls outcomes in nursing practice? a.Nursing theory b.Adaptation theory c.Systems theory d.Developmental theory
A
What was one barrier to the development of the nursing profession in the United States after the Civil War? a.hospital-based schools of nursing b.lack of educational standards c.independence of nursing orders d.lack of influence from nursing leaders
B
Which nursing action best exemplifies the nurse's role in promoting health? a.performing deep suctioning on a client who has a tracheotomy and copious secretions b.encouraging a group of junior high school students to engage in regular physical activity c.facilitating a support group for the friends and families of clients affected by stroke d.administering a beta-adrenergic blocker and diuretic to a client who has a history of hypertension
B
Which statement best explains the importance of theoretic frameworks? A.Theoretic frameworks advance the ethical aspects of practice. B.Theoretic frameworks advance nursing knowledge and practice. C.Theoretic frameworks guide psychosocial nursing care. D.Theoretic frameworks guide physiologic nursing care.
B
In what time period did nursing care as we now know it begin? a.early civilization to 16th century b.pre-civilization c.18th to 19th century d.16th to 17th century
C
A community health nurse has been visiting a diabetic client whose morning fasting glucose levels are constantly elevated. Upon further assessment, the nurse determines that the client's spouse does not understand how to prepare meals following the prescribed diabetic diet. Using Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Theory, how can the nurse help meet the needs of this client? a.Arrange an evaluation appointment with a dietitian. b.Assist the spouse with online grocery shopping. c.Authorize an unlicensed nursing personnel to cook for the client. d.Set up diabetic home meal delivery for the client.
A
A nurse is reading a research article from a nursing journal. The nurse is aware that the opening paragraph summarizing the article and the research findings is a good place to start. What part of the article is the nurse reading? a.Abstract b.Results c.Review of the literature d.Conclusions
A
A nurse manager is teaching staff how to use a new piece of hospital equipment. Which educational setting would be most appropriate for this process? a.In-service education b.Continuing education c.Undergraduate studies d.Graduate education
A
The focus of nursing is always on which of the four common concepts in nursing theory? A.Person B.Nursing C.Environment D.Health
A
The nurse is attempting to provide anticipatory guidance for the parents of an 18-month-old child. Which statement would be best for the nurse to make? a."Keep all medications in a locked cabinet." b."Do not give the child a bottle now." c."The child is in the 95th percentile for weight." d."Does the child have nightmares often?"
A
When administering immunizations, the nurse is engaged in: a.illness prevention. b.health promotion. c.health restoration. d.coping facilitation.
A
Which is the best example of a client-centered approach to care? A.The nurse asks the client about health goals. B.The nurse asks the client what the client would like to order from the menu. C.The nurse helps a client ambulate. D.The nurse draws a blood sample from a client.
A
Which is the most accurate definition of health? A.Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being. B.Health is a reflection of wellness and requires a conscious and deliberate effort to maintain. C.Health is a lack of disease. D.Health is a state of maximal wellness.
A
Which theory emphasizes the relationships between the whole and the parts, and describes how parts function and behave? a.General systems theory b.Developmental theory c.Nursing theory d.Adaptation theory
A
A novice nurse is sharing a newly published research article which outlines a different approach in preventing a wound infection after surgery with a colleague and states the nurse is going to try this new method. Which is the best response from the colleague? a.Help share the information with other staff members so all can use the new technique. b.Wait until the method is analyzed to ensure it will be appropriate for their clients. c.Agree the method should be used immediately with their own clients. d.Suggest they conduct their own research to determine if it will work with their clients.
B
A nurse is providing care for clients in a long-term care facility. What should be the central focus of this care? a.Nursing as a profession b.The client receiving the care c.The nurse's actions d.The nurse as the caregiver
B
A nurse researcher must decide on the method for conducting the research. The researcher that plans to emphasize collection of numerical data and analysis would select which method of research? a.Qualitative research b.Quantitative research c.Basic research d.Applied research
B
The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the hospital with pneumonia and associated pleuritic chest pain. Which would be a priority when creating the nursing care plan? A.Monitoring fluid intake and output. B.Monitoring airway clearance. C.Effective infection control measures. D.Effective pain management.
B
The nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of cancer, and allows the client to verbalize fears relating to how to tell the children. The nurse's intervention reflects which aspect of nursing? a.science of nursing b.art of nursing c.evidence-based practice d.application of research
B
The nurse is performing an extensive dressing change on a client with burns. The nurse explains each step as it is being performed. The nurse is acting in which role by providing explanation of each step? A.Decision-maker B.Educator C.Client advocate D.Caregiver
B
The primary aim of the Healthy People 2020 initiative is: a.illness prevention. b.health promotion. c.coping with disability. d.health restoration.
B
What might a nurse need to do to ensure the continuation of his or her nursing license? a.Attend hospital in-services. b.Obtain continuing education credits. c.Obtain a baccalaureate degree. d.Obtain a master's degree.
B
When providing care to a client, the nurse integrates knowledge that a client's beliefs and actions are related and influenced by the client's personal expectations in relation to health and illness. The nurse is demonstrating an understanding of which health model? A.Clinical model B.Health belief model C.High-level wellness model D.Holistic health model
B
The nurse is caring for a client who is on a ventilator. The nurse is bathing and talking to the client, including telling the client what is going to happen next. The nurse speaks to the client in a soothing manner. The nurse is acting in which role? Select all that apply. a.client advocate b.caregiver c.communicator d.educator e.decision-maker
B,C,D
A nurse identifies a client's health care needs and devises a plan of care to meet those needs. Which guideline is being followed in this case? a.Nursing standards b.Nursing orders c.Nursing process d.Nurse practice acts
C
A nurse refers an HIV-positive client to a local support group. This is an example of what level of preventive care? A.Primary B.Chronic C.Tertiary D.Secondary
C
A nurse working in a long-established hospital learned a specific approach to administering intravenous injections from the previous generation of nurses at the hospital. This is an example of which type of knowledge? a.Philosophy knowledge b.Scientific knowledge c.Traditional knowledge d.Authoritative knowledge
C
A research nurse approaches a client about the possibility of being in a clinical trial. After the nurse explains the research procedure, the client asks, "What will happen if I get the placebo and not the treatment?" Which response by the nurse is best? a."You will be entitled to more tests and examinations than the group that gets the treatment." b."Less people are in the placebo group and more people will receive the treatment." c."You will receive the same care regardless of whether you get the placebo or the treatment." d."People who receive the placebo will receive extra compensation from the researchers."
C
A teenaged client reports having diarrhea before every test in school. The nurse recognizes that this client needs to focus on which dimension of health? A.Physical dimension B.Intellectual dimension C.Emotional dimension D.Sociocultural dimension
C
Nurses in an ICU noticed that their clients required fewer interventions for pain when the ICU was quiet. They then asked a researcher to design a study about the effects of noise on the pain levels of hospitalized clients. How does this demonstrate the ultimate goal of expanding the nursing body of knowledge? A.Nursing research explains ongoing medical studies to clients, and asks for participation. B.Nursing research involves clients in their care while hospitalized. C.Nursing research helps improve ways to promote and maintain health. D.Nursing research draws conclusions about the quality of client care.
C
Risk factors for illness are divided into six categories. Working with carcinogenic chemicals is an example of which type of risk factor? A.Physiologic risk factor B.Lifestyle risk factor C.Environmental risk factor D.Health habits risk factor
C
The RN is working with hospital administrators to transform care at their facility. Which nursing competency will be critical for the nurse to utilize? a..Do things the way they have always been done b.Navigate the electronic medical records system c.Work effectively in interdisciplinary teams d.Correctly utilize and troubleshoot high-tech equipment
C
The nurse is discussing the recommended entry level for professional nursing practices. Which is the most accurate statement by the nurse? a."ADN programs are the recommended entry level by national nursing organizations." b."National nursing organizations are promoting diploma nursing." c."BSN is the recommended entry level by national nursing organizations." d."National nursing organizations are eliminating accelerated programs."
C
When the nurse researcher informs the participant that the participant's identity will not be linked with the information that is collected, the researcher is ensuring the participant's: A.ability to withdraw. B.protection from harm. C.confidentiality. D.anonymity.
C
What are some examples of healthy self-care behaviors everyone should adopt? Select all that apply. A.Exercising infrequently B.Having a low self-esteem C.Sleeping 7 to 8 hours each night D.Maintaining an ideal body weight E.Eating regular healthy meals
C,D,E
A group of nurses is planning to investigate the effectiveness of turning immobilized stroke clients more frequently in order to prevent skin breakdown. The team has begun by formulating a PICO question. Which element will the "O" in the team's PICO question refer to? A.The currently used turning schedule B.Turning clients more frequently C.Clients who have experienced a stroke D.Preventing skin breakdown
D
A nurse develops the following foreground question using the PICO format in preparation for a research study: "In overweight clients, how do chromium supplements compared to no supplements help with weight loss?" Which part of the question reflects the intervention? A.No supplements B.Weight loss C.Overweight clients D.Chromium supplements
D
A nurse is caring for a client who has COPD, a chronic illness of the lungs. The client is in remission. Which statement best describes a period of remission in a client with a chronic illness? A.The symptoms of the illness reappear. B.New symptoms occur at this time. C.The disease is no longer present. D.Symptoms are not experienced.
D
A nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse explains to the client that COPD is a chronic disease. Why is COPD considered a chronic disease? A.It takes a long time to cure. B.It is a sequela of acute illness. C.It persists for a long time. D.It has a gradual onset and lasts for a long time.
D
A nurse is considering relocating to another state to practice nursing. Which is the most appropriate action by the nurse to ensure ability to practice in the new state? a.asking the current state to transfer the license b.No action is needed by the nurse. c.taking the new state's licensing exam d.applying for a reciprocal license in the new state
D
A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a Latino client in the clinic. The client states, "My grandmother always told me that I needed to include beans in my diet so that my muscles would grow." The information that the client is expressing is known as what? A.Authoritative knowledge B.Philosophical knowledge C.Scientific knowledge D.Traditional knowledge
D
A nurse is thinking about pursuing a master's degree in nursing (MSN) and is reviewing information about various programs. What would the nurse expect to find about such programs? A.Students need to take the licensure examination after the course. B.Master's degree nursing education began in the late 18th century. C.Such degrees can be attained only in a certain specific area of interest. D.Nurses pursuing such programs require solid scholastic abilities.
D
A nurse mentoring second-year nursing students from a community college plans clinical experiences for them. These students will most likely graduate in which time frame? A.in 2 more years B.in 3 more years C.in 1 more year D.at the end of the year
D
A nurse who works in a pediatric practice assesses the developmental level of children of various ages to determine their psychosocial development. These assessments are based on the work of: a.Watson. b.Maslow. c.Rogers. d.Erikson.
D
A prospective nursing student desires a career that will allow the opportunity to provide client care and to assist professional nurses with routine technical procedures. The prospective student needs to be employed in a full-time position quickly due to economic hardship. What type of nursing program would best suit this student? A.diploma nursing program B.baccalaureate of science registered nursing program C.associate of science registered nursing program D.licensed or vocational nursing program
D
Evidence-based care emphasizes decision making based on the best available evidence and: a.cost efficiency of treatment models. b.evaluation by experts to direct care in specialty areas. c.care based on pathophysiologic factors. d.use of outcome studies to guide decisions.
D
The first nursing journal owned, operated, and published by nurses was: a.Standards of Clinical Nursing Practice b.Nurse Educator c.Nursing Research d.American Journal of Nursing
D
The need for university-based nursing education programs was brought to light during which important historical time? a.Korean War b.Spanish-American War c.World War I d.World War II
D
The new nursing graduate is concerned about some of the critical changes that will be occuring in nursing. What changes does the nurse anticipate will impact nursing care? a.Rapid growth of nurses and shortage of job opportunities b.Limitations that nurses have in the workforce c.Decrease in health care costs d.Difficulty for nurses to remain current in a rapidly changing medical and technology environment
D
What is the best nursing intervention to promote health in a client at risk for heart disease? a.Taking the client's pulse rate daily b.Instructing the client to adhere to a high-sodium diet c.Informing the client that the client must lose weight d.Emphasizing a client's strengths to encourage weight loss
D
What nursing activity forms the bridge between theory and practice? A.Client-focused care B.Case management C.Theoretical writing D.Evidence-based research
D
When looking at a model for evidence-based practice, what is the final step of the process? a.Formulating a clinical question b.Searching the literature c.Appraising evidence d.Evaluating practice change
D
Which activity best helps the nurse apply theory to practice? A.Theory development B.Case management C.Client-focused care D.Evidence-based research
D
Which is an appropriately stated nursing intervention? a..Stand at bedside with assistance. b.Ambulate with the assistance of a walker. c.Ambulate in the hall. d.Ambulate 30 ft (9 m) twice a day with the assistance of a walker.
D
Which needs are being met when a nurse recommends a senior citizen community center for an older client who is living alone? A.Emotional needs B.Spiritual needs C.Intellectual needs D.Sociocultural needs
D
Who is considered to be the first nursing theorist who conceptualized nursing in terms of manipulating the environment? A.Sister Callista Roy B.Lydia Hall C.Dorothea Orem D.Florence Nightingale
D
Why are health promotion and illness prevention a key responsibility of nurses? A.Chronic illnesses can cause pain and suffering. B.People do not like to be sick and feel bad. C.Treatment of chronic illnesses is very expensive. D.Chronic illnesses are the leading health problem in the world.
D
A hospital nurse assesses clients in various stages of illness. Which statements accurately describe client responses to illness based on Suchman's stages of illness? Select all that apply. A.Most clients complete the final stage of illness behavior in the hospital or a long-term care setting. B.When a client decides to accept a diagnosis and follow a prescribed treatment plan, he or she is in stage 4, achieving recovery and rehabilitation. C.In stage 1, pain is the most significant symptom indicating illness, although other symptoms, such as a rash, fever, bleeding, or cough, may be present. D.When help from a health care provider is sought, the person becomes a client and enters stage 3, assuming a dependent role. E.In stage 1, the person defines himself or herself as being sick, seeks validation of this experience from others, and gives up normal activities. E.In stage 2, most people focus on their symptoms and bodily functions.
D,E,F
A nurse manager is attempting to switch the medical records in an orthopedic office to a computerized format. The nurse asks questions about the accuracy and efficiency of the current record keeping system by using the PICO format. Which statements illustrate the components of this process? Select all that apply. a.C: The nurse calculates the cost of the new program. b.O: The nurse determines the occurrence of problems in the systems. c.P: The nurse purchases computers from a computer store. d.C: The nurse compares the written records to the computerized records. e.P: The nurse chooses the population involved (orthopedic clients). f.I: The nurse considers interventions to make the plan work
D,E,F
A nurse is developing a foreground question for nursing research using the PICO model. Which component would be represented by the statement, "a 45-year-old male with coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation"? A.P B.O C.I D.C
P
A nurse is preparing to conduct a research study and uses the PICO format to develop the foreground question which is: "In adults, does reducing salt intake, compared to no change in salt intake, lower blood pressure?" The nurse identifies the "P" as: a.adults. b.reducing salt intake. c.lower blood pressure. d.no change in salt intake.
A
The nurse is evaluating client health. Which client should the nurse determine to be exhibiting the most signs of health? a.A client with a leg amputation who performs activities of daily living with a prosthesis b.A client with diabetes who is in denial of the diabetes and refuses to take insulin c.A client with depression who refuses to get out of bed d.A client in acute emotional distress due to spouse's death
A
A nursing theorist examines a hospital environment by studying each ward and how it works individually, and then relates this information to the hospital as a whole working entity. This is an example of the use of which theory? a.Psychosocial theory b.Developmental theory c.Adaptation theory d.General systems theory
D
The registered nurse (RN) working with a licensed practical nurse (LPN) understands which about LPNs? a.They have a higher degree than most RNs. b.The program is 4 years in length. c.They may work independently. d.They must take a licensure exam.
D
When chronic illnesses and disabilities are present, individuals benefit most from activities that: A.accomplish financial stability. B.help them eat well. C.preserve their social interactions. D.help them maintain independence.
D
A client has a Staphylococcus infection in a decubitus ulcer. In this case, Staphylococcus is the: A.agent. B.environment. C.host. D.disease.
A
Which statements are true regarding nursing theory? (Select all that apply.) A.Nursing theory provides a rationale for the care that nurses provide. B.The ultimate outcome for nursing theory is improved client care. C.Nursing theories may be descriptive or prescriptive. D.Nursing theory provides a focus for care that is delivered to clients. E.Nursing theories are written in technical language and should be studied by those with higher educational levels.
A,B,C,D
A group of nursing students has attended a presentation about the National Student Nurses' Association (NSNA). Which statement by the group indicates that they have understood the information presented? a.The NSNA contributes to the improvement of public health. b.The organization provides programs of current professional interest. c.The NSNA is run by a group of registered nurses. d.The organization is funded by the national government.
B
A client has been admitted to the hospital for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis, with a random blood glucose reading of 575 mg/dL (31.91 mmol/L), vomiting, and shortness of breath. This client has experienced which phenomenon? A.Infection B.Morbidity C.Exacerbation D.Risk factor
C
What type of research study would a hospital conduct to explore clients' and families' perceptions of receiving care? a.Nonscientific b.Quantitative c.Qualitative d.Ordinal
C
Which advanced nurse practitioner is best qualified to provide prenatal care for a pregnant client? A.A clinical nurse specialist B.A nurse educator C.A nurse anesthetist D.A nurse-midwife
D
Which nursing intervention is an example of tertiary preventive care? A.Assisting with speech therapy a client with a traumatic brain injury B.Teaching stress reduction classes at a wellness center C.Administration of immunizations to a 6-month-old child D.Blood pressure screenings at a senior center
A
Which nursing intervention would be most appropriate for a new mother that calls the nursery for help with breastfeeding? a.Refer the mother for a home care visit. b.Ask the mother to come to the emergency room. c.Suggest that the mother bottle feed her infant. d.Email the mother a link for breastfeeding.
A
Research is included as an essential component of nursing by which of the following organizations? (Select all that apply.) A.ANA B.IOM C.Nursing specialty organizations D.AMA E.International Council of Nurses
A,C,E
A parent has brought a 6-year-old child into the clinic. The parent is concerned that the child does not seem to skip as well as the other children in the child's class. In planning assessments and care for this child, the nurse would be best served by choosing which theory as a foundation for decision making? a.Adaptation theory b.Developmental theory c.General systems theory d.Maslow's theory
B
A registered nurse wishes to work as a nurse researcher. Which is true regarding nurse researchers? a.They serve as liaisons between staff members and directors of nursing. b.They are responsible for the continued development and advancement of nursing. c.They usually have a baccalaureate degree in nursing. d.They tend to work in community health centers and long-term care units.
B
A client is admitted to the mental health center with attempted suicide. Which of the client's problems is the priority for the nurse to manage? A.Feelings of not belonging B.Lack of support C.Risk of self-harm D.Low self-esteem
C
A nurse is planning to conduct a nursing research study and is seeking federal funding. Which institution would be most helpful for the nurse to contact regarding acquiring funding? a.National Institutes of Health b.ANA Cabinet on Nursing Research c.National Institute of Nursing Research d.Institute of Medicine
C
A nurse is planning to pursue further education in the hopes of becoming an expert in geriatric nursing who carries out direct care. For which expanded career role is the nurse preparing? a.Nurse-midwife b.Nurse manager c.Clinical nurse specialist d.Physician assistant
C
The body's attempt to restore balance through self-regulatory mechanisms is termed: A.self-conception. B.biofeedback. C.equilibration. D.homeostasis.
D
The nurse is helping the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) bathe the client, who is experiencing a lot of pain when repositioned in bed. Which nursing responsibility is the nurse demonstrating? a.Manager and Coordinator b.Client advocate c.Decision maker d.Educator
B
The registered nurse communicates with the physical therapist that a client is now on strict bed rest due to bradycardia. Which statement best explains the standard exemplified by the nurse? a.The RN identifies outcomes. b.The RN coordinates care delivery. c.The RN analyzes client data. d.The RN collects client data.
B
To be an effective change agent for wellness, the nurse must: A.skip breakfast to reduce calories. B.consume a diet low in fat. C.drink caffeinated beverages. D.lead a sedentary lifestyle.
B
A nurse researcher develops a foreground question in preparation for conducting a research study. The question is: "In clients with intravenous catheters, how does replacing administration sets every 72 hours (h) compared with other frequent intervals (24h, 48h, or 96h) decrease infection rates?" Applying the PICO framework, which part of the statement reflects the "O"? A.Replacing administration sets every 72 hours B.Replacing administration sets at other intervals C.Decrease infection rates D.Clients with intravenous catheters
C
Which type of quantitative research will examine cause-and-effect relationships between selected variables? A.Descriptive B.Quasi-experimental C.Experimental D.Correlational
B
A nurse is assessing a client for potential variables that influence the client's health. When assessing the client's self-concept, which area should the nurse include? Select all that apply. A.The client's educational level B.The client's cultural background C.The client's feelings about self as a person D.The client's degree of interaction with family members E.The client's view of self physically
C,E
