General Pharmacology - Extensive

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about a new prescription for oral bisacodyl. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide the client?

"Long-term use of this medication can cause dependence."

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is taking rifampin. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

"You might be unable to wear contact lenses when taking this medication."

A nurse is administering a varicella immunization to a young adult client who did not receive the immunization as a child. The client asks the nurse if she will need additional doses of the vaccine. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

"You should return for a second dose in 4 to 8 weeks."

Risedronate pt. teaching

"rise after taking" sit up for 30 minutes after taking the medication to avoid esophagitis and dyspepsia

Pt. teaching for Bumetanide (Bumex)

(high ceiling loop diuretic); can cause ototoxicity report changes in hearing

Adverse effects of alendronate (Fosamax)

(used to read osteoporosis) jaw pain, blurred vision and dysphagia

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about administering medications to a client. Which of the following actions by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the teaching?

- Reviewing the client's medical record - Asking the client for an allergy history - Checking for an allergy bracelet - Using two client identifiers before administering the medication

A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking prednisone for rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as adverse effects of this medication?

- Weight gain - Susceptibility to infection - Gastrointestinal ulceration

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client whose provider discontinued his prescription for phenelzine. The client has a new prescription for citalopram. The nurse should instruct the client to wait at least how long before beginning the new medication?

2 weeks

therapeutic INR value

2-3

In subcutaneous and intramuscular medications, highly soluble medications will be absorbed in ___-___ min. Sites with high blood perfusion at the site of injection will have ______ absorption, while sites with low blood perfusion will have _____ absorption.

10-30, rapid, slow

Hemoglobin

12-16

Normal Platelet Count

150,000-400,000

NPH Duration

18-24hr

Short Acting Insulin Peak Time

2hr-3hr

300

A nurse is caring for a child who has cystitis. The following order has been prescribed. Ciprofloxacin Elixir 15 mg/kg PO q 12 hr x 10 days. The client weighs 44 lb. How many mg should the nurse administer per dose? (round to nearest whole number)

Hemoglobin 4.2 g/dL Platelets 75,000/mm Neutrophils 1,400/mm

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with sickle cell anemia who is taking hydroxyurea. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? (select all apply)

Hemoglobin

A nurse is caring for a client receiving zidovudine. For which of the following laboratory results should the nurse plan to monitor?

Serum creatinine 2.5 mg/dl

A nurse is caring for a client that has undergone a liver transplant and is taking cyclosporine. Which of the following laboratory findings indicates an adverse effect of the medication

Urine specific gravity Creatine clearance Serum osmolality

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of diabetes insipidus and is to start taking desmopressin. Which of the following should the nurse monitor? (select all apply)

INR of 5

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for 5 mg of warfarin. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider prior to administration

Increased WBC count

A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and has been receiving pegfilgrastim. which of the following indicates the medication has been effective?

Bilateral crackles in the lungs

A nurse is caring for a client who has had a myocardial infarction and is taking metoprolol. For which of the following should the nurse monitor?

Hyperkalemia

A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is prescribed enalapril and spironolactone. For which of the following potential side effects should the nurse plan to monitor?

50

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a cholecysterctomy and is prescribed cefazolin 1 g by intermittent IV bolus Q6H. The amount available is 1 g in 100 mL 0.9% sodium chloride to be delivered in 30 min. The drop factor on the package of IV tubing is 15 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the IV to deliver how many gtt/min? (round to the nearest whole number)

Abdominal distention

A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed diphenoxylate/atropine. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?

Contractions lasting for 2 min each

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving oxytocin IV for a post-term pregnancy. Which of the following findings indicates the oxytocin should be discontinued?

Methadone

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving treatment for opioid addiction. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?

Decreased blood pressure

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking atenolol. Which of the following client reports indicates the medication is effective?

Notify the primary care provider.

A nurse is caring for a client with chronic back pain who is receiving 650 mg acetaminophen every 4 hr for pain. The primary care provider has prescribed oxycodone/acetaminophen every 4 to 6 hr PRN for breakthrough pain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Maintains age-appropriate weight

A nurse is caring for a school-age child prescribed methylphenidate for ADHD. The nurse has initiated interventions to minimize adverse effects. Which of the following findings indicates a successful intervention?

Recolonizes the intestinal flora

A nurse is caring for client who has been treated for diarrhea and has a prescription for Lactbacillus acidophilus. The nurse should understand that the purpose of this medication is which of the following?

"I cannot take celecoxib because of the rash I developed taking trimethoprim/sufamethoxazole."

A nurse is caring for several clients that report allergies. Which of the following client statements indicates a medication allergy?

Shrimp

A nurse is collecting a history from a client who is scheduled for an intravenous pyelography. Which of the following food allergies places the client at risk for an allergic reaction to the contrast medium?

Warfarin

A nurse is obtaining the medication history of a client who is starting a new prescription for allopurinol. Which of the following medications should the nurse contact the provider regarding a potential interaction?

Move slowly when changing to a standing position.

A nurse is planning teaching for a client who has depression and is to start a new prescription for tranylcypromine. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?

Change position slowly

A nurse is planning teaching for a client who is to start a new prescription for captopril. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Isosorbide mononitrate to a client who has blood pressure 82/60 mm Hg

A nurse is precepting a newly licensed nurse who is caring for four clients. Which of the following actions should be noted in an incident report? The nurse administers

188

A nurse is preparing t administer 0.9% sodium chloride 1,500 mL to infuse over 8 hr to a client who is postoperative. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL per hr? (round nearest whole number)

Obtain the client's blood pressure.

A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client who has gout. The nurse discovers that an error was made during the previous shift and the client received atenolol instead of allopurionol. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Medication used for client with prostate cancer

Leuprolide (Lupron)

Enoxaparin (Lovenox)

Low molecular weight heparin that does not require monitoring

Correct administration of biscacodyl (Dulcolax) suppository

Lubricate index finger, LEFT lateral position, don gloves, and insert suppository just beyond the internal sphincter

Tranylcypromine pt. teaching

MAOIs; causes orthostatic hypotension

A nurse is caring for a client. The client states, "I don't want to take my medication." What action should the nurse take?

Document that the client refuses the medication (DO NOT ASK WHY)

Administration of timolol (Timoptic)

Drop medication into the conjunctival sac

A nurse is collecting data from a client who is receiving furosemide. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of this medication?

Dry mouth

Centrally acting alpha 2 agonists adverse effects

Dry mouth, drowsiness/sedation, rebound hypertension, LEUKOPENIA, black or sore tongue

Adverse Effects of Prednisone

Elevated blood glucose, increased blood pressure, alteration in memory (chronic use); EDEMA r/t sodium and fluid retention

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has heart failure and is scheduled to receive a dose of digoxin. For which of the following findings should the nurse withhold the dose and notify the provider?

Heart rate 50/min

Findings to report in client taking hydroxyurea

Hemoglobin 4.2 g/dL Platelets 75,000/ mm3 Neutrophils 1,400/ mm3

Heparin pt. teaching

Heparin does not dissolve clots; it stops new clots from forming

Statin Adverse Effects

Hepatotoxicity and Myopathy

A nurse in a clinic is planning to administer an immunization to a client who just turned 60 years old. Which of the following immunizations should the nurse plan to administer?

Herpes zoster vaccine

Beta blocker nursing interventions

Hold if sys. <100 or HR <60 Monitor diabetics for signs of hypoglycemia

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for insulin. The client is taking propranolol. The nurse should teach the client to monitor for which of the following findings as a manifestation of hypoglycemia?

Hunger

After administering lorazepam to a client, a nurse realizes that she gave the client a 2-mg tablet instead of the 1-mg dosage the provider prescribed. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Measure the client's vital signs.

Nursing Interventions (Clonidine, Methyldopa)

Monitor CBC, HR, BP, Never skip a dose, take at bedtime, monitor for rebound hypertension. *Do not use in pts. on MAOIs, anticoagulant therapy and hepatic failure

A nurse is caring for a client who has a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and hypertension and recently began taking Propranolol. When the client reports dizziness upon standing the nurse should perform which of the following actions?

Monitor blood pressure lying, sitting and standing

Sucralfate

Most effective when administered with little or no water

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has intestinal amebiasis and is taking metronidazole. For which of the following findings should the nurse withhold the metronidazole?

Motor ataxia

Warfarin is incompatible with...

Multivitamins

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for rosuvastatin to treat high cholesterol levels. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to monitor and report to the provider immediately?

Muscle weakness

Nurse caring for patient taking naproxen; which comments by the client requires further discussion by the nurse

NSAIDS like Naprosyn can cause serious adverse GI reactions such as bleeding, ulceration and perforations. Warning manifestations such as N/V; GI burning and blood in still should be reported by the client and require further investigation

A nurse is collecting data from a client who is receiving morphine to relieve postoperative pain. The client's respiratory rate is 9/min. The nurse should notify the provider and expect a stat prescription for which of the following medications?

Naloxone

Reversal agent for Butorphanol

Naloxone

Vasodilators

Nitroglycerin; hydralazine; nitroprusside and enalaprit *rapid reduction of BP

Methotrexate patient teaching

call doctor if you develop sores in mouth; may take 3-6 weeks to work; should be taken weekly and not daily; may cause drowsiness

Tamoxifen pt. teaching

call the doctor if you notice any unusual menstrual bleeding

Digoxin toxicity

can be caused by HYPOKALEMIA; halos around objects

High ceiling loop diuretics

can cause ototoxicity

Dopamine therapeutic use

cariogenic shock

Cross sensitivity for penicillins

cephalosporins (cephalexin)

Side effect of aluminum based antacids

chalky taste and constipation

______ reactions is a life-threatening, immediate allergic reaction that causes respiratory distress, severe bronchospasm, and cardiovascular collapse. It can be treated with _____, _____, and ____.

anaphylactic, epinephrine, bronchdilators, antihistamines

An _______ is a medication that can block normal receptor activity regulated by endogenous compounds or receptor activity caused by other medications.

antagonist

An _______ is a medication that can block normal receptor activity regulated by endogenous compounds.

antagonist

Bone marrow depression/suppression is generally associated with _____ medications, and haemorrhagic disorders with _______ and _____.

anticancer, anticoagulants, thrombolytics

Amitriptyline adverse effects

anticholinergic effects such as urinary retention

Ginseng drug interaction

antidiabetic medications (increase hypoglycemia)

Nephrotoxicity may occur with a number of medications, but it is primarily the result of certain _____ agents, and _____.

antimicrobial, NSAIDs

Transdermal Nitroglycerin administration

apply patch in the morning; leave on for minimum of 12hr; apply close to chest area; if patch becomes loose or falls off put another one on a different site; apply a new patch daily

Dantrolene pt. teaching

apply sunscreen when going outside (causes photosensitivity); take medication daily NOT prn; may take a week + to notice improvement in symptoms but muscle strength may decline

PRN stands for ____ ____.

as needed

z track technique

aspirate for 5-10 seconds; insert at 90 degree angle; insert needle quickly and smoothly; pull skin 1 inch to the side

Pt. teaching for chlorpropamide (Diabinese)

avoid alcohol consumption while taking this medication to prevent disulfram reaction

Digoxin administration

measure clients apical pulse

A _____ _____ ____ is how the medication produces the desired therapeutic effect.

mechanisms of action

______ _______ occur when medications interact with each other resulting in desired or undesired effects.

medication interactions

Isotretinoin pt. teaching

medication is teratogenic; pt. should receive pregnancy tests before receiving refills for medication

A half-life (t1/2) refers to the period of time needed for the ______ to be reduced by ____% in the body.

medication, 50

A malnourished client may be deficient in the factors that are necessary to produce specific ______-______ enzymes. Consequently, _____ ______ may be impaired.

medication-metabolizing, medication metabolism

________ (or _______) changes medications into less active or inactive forms by the action of enzymes. This occurs primarily in the ______, but also takes place in the ____, lungs, bowels, and _____.

metabolism, bioavailability, liver, kidneys, blood

A MDI in inhalation med. administration stands for...

metered dose inhaler

Cardioselective beta blocker (beta 1)

metoprolol (lopressor), atenolol (tenorman) and metoprolol succinate (toprol XL)

When administering vaginal suppositories, position the PT in the ____ _____ position and insert using an _____.

modified lithotomy, applicator

Beta blocker therapy

monitor patient orthostatic blood pressure

Anticholinergic effects are effects that are a result of _____ _____ blockade. Most effects are seen in the eyes, ____ muscle, ____ glands, and the _____.

muscarinic receptor, smooth, exocrine, heart

Cyclosporine adverse effect

nephrotoxicity (monitor for elevated serum creatinine)

When using a DPI, instruct the PT ___ to shake the inhaler. The PT should take a _____ inhalation breath while pressing down on the inhaler. After inhaling, they should hold their breath for __-__ sec. Rinse the inhaler, cap, and spacer ___ per day and dry completely.

not, slow, 5-10, once

Methadone therapeutic use

opioid addiction

Fentanyl

opioid analgesic

Through the ____ route, medications must pass through the layer of epithelial cells that line the GI tract.

oral

Beclomethasone adverse effects

oropharyngeal candidiasis (white patches in mouth or throat)

Antihypertensive medications can cause _____ _____.

orthostatic hypotension

High ceiling loop diuretic adverse effect

ototoxicity/tinnitus !!!

Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) use

breast cancer

Serious Adverse Reaction of Ifosfamide (Ifex)

painful urination and hematuria r/t hemorrhagic cystitis

Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid contraindications

patient with penicillin allergy

therapeutic effect of dopamine

peripheral vasoconstriction and increased systolic blood pressure; lower pulmonary capillary wedge pressure

Tardive dyskinesia

persistent following discontinuation of an antipsychotic

Reduced responsiveness to a medication administered over time to a client is termed _____ ____.

pharmacodynamic tolerance

_________ refers to how medications travel through the body.

pharmacokinestics

A term used to describe positive medication effects influenced by psychological factors is the _____ ____.

placebo effect

Oral medication administration to infant

position infant in semi upright position to decrease risk of aspiration; wrap infant in blanket; administer medication with an oral syringe; insert medication in buccal cavity

______/______ occur when medications may be contraindicated for a PT who has a specific disease or condition.

precautions/ contraindications

Feverfew herb contraindication

pregnancy

Contraindications of warfarin therapy

pregnant client b/c it can cross the placenta

_____ ______ are when medications have specific risks and manifestations of toxicity.

toxic effects

When two medications can compete for the same binding sites, it can result in either _____ or ______ ________.

toxicity, decreased bioavailability

A ____ name is the brand or proprietary name given by the company that manufactures the medication.

trade

Acute alcohol withdrawal delirium

treated with lorazepam (Ativan)

Clozapine therapeutic use

treatment of psychotic findings such as auditory hallucinations

Flumazenil

treats benzodiazepine toxicity/ overdose

_______ substances require monitoring by a provider, but do not pose risk of abuse and/or addiction (e.g. antibiotics).

uncontrolled

Fentanyl adverse effects

urinary retention, constipation, respiratory depression, orthostatic hypotension and cough suppression

Rifampin pt. teaching

urine and other secretions will turn orange take 1 hour before or 2 hr after meals may cause fatigue and drowsiness

Pt. teaching for Warfarin

use electric razor for shaving; avoid aspirin and alcohol

Prophylactic anticoagulant therapy in pt. w/ hip fracture

use heparin

Pilocarpine (Pilocar) therapeutic use

used to great glaucoma

Lactulose

used to reduce serum ammonia levels

Timolol maleate (Timoptic) therapeutic use

used to treat glaucoma

Phenylephrine hydrochloride (AK-Dilate)

used to widely dilate the pupils esp. in preoperative optic pts.

Blood product administration

verify clients ID number, blood group and type, blood unit number

Allopurinol drug interaction

warfarin (increased risk for bleeding)

Vitamin K decreases the therapeutic effects of ____ (____) and places the PT s at risk from developing ____ ___.

warfarin, Coumadin, blood clots

Gentamicin cream administration

wash area with soap and water before applying cream; cover area with sterile gauze after applying medication; DO NOT apply cream to large areas to avoid toxicity

Paediatric dosages are based on ____ or ____ _____ __, though some are based on _____ due to a greater risk for decreased skeletal bone growth.

weight, body surface area, age

Adverse effect of rapid discontinuation of Prednisone

adrenocortical insufficiency

Adverse effects of Albuterol

tachycardia, angina and tremors

Theophylline adverse effects

tachycardia, urinary frequency, diarrhea and insomnia

Nitroglycerin administration

take at first indication of chest pain

Fluoxetine (Prozac) administration

take first thing in the morning to prevent insomnia; take with or without food

Calcium carbonate (antacid) administration

take medication with water

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) administration

take most of daily dose at bedtime to minimize daytime sedation

The _____ _____ is an undesired, inadvertent, and unexpected dangerous effects of the medication on the body.

adverse effect

The ______ process can also influence medication metabolism but it varies by individual.

aging

BUN lab value

10-20

Inhalation of medications are rapidly absorbed through _____ ______ network.

alveolar capillary

A nurse is caring for a PT who is taking oral oxycodone (Percolone). The PT also states that is is taking ibuprofen (Advil) in three recommended doses daily. The interactions between these two medications will cause...

an increase in the expected therapeutic effect of both medications

Ciprofloxacin pt. teaching

take on empty stomach w/ full glass of water; drink at least 1-2 quarts of fluid each day while taking cipro; may cause photosensitivity (wear protective clothing)

Finasteride (Proscar) use

benign prostatic hypertrophy

Methotrexate drug administration

take on empty stomach; drink 2-3L of water per day to promote excretion; DO NOT take with NSAIDs

Montelukast (Singulair) pt. teaching

take this medication once a day in the evening

Docusate administration

take with 8 ounces of water

Adverse effect of cyclophosphamide therapy

bone marrow suppression (report sore throat, fever or chills immediately)

Beta blocker adverse affects

bradycardia, nasal stuffiness, AV block, BRONCHOSPASM; mask effects of hypoglycemia

_______ substances have a potential for abuse and dependence, and are categorized into schedules I-IV. Schedule I has ___ medical use while schedules II-IV have approved _____. Each level has a(n) _____ risk of abuse and dependence.

controlled, no, applications, decreasing

Oxytocin discontinuation criteria

contractions longer than 60 seconds; 50mmHg or greater; more often than 2-3 minutes; elevated uterine resting tone (over 15-20)

Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent)

could increase intraocular pressure (monitor in pts. with glaucoma) VISUAL CHANGES should be reported

Pseudoparkinsonism

temporary manifestation usually disappearing after discontinuation of medication

Controlled substance guidelines

count each dose of narcotic in inventory, match number of available doses to record and sign acceptance of narcotic count if correct

Lithium drug interaction

do not use with NSAIDS (ibuprofen, indomethacin)

Ciprofloxacin contraindication

tendonitis r/t risk for tendon rupture

The _____ _____ is the preferred and expected effect for which the medication is administered to a specific PT.

therapeutic effect

Allopurinol pt. teaching

drink at least 3 quarts of water a day; report rash to provider immediately; take after meals; report fever to provider

In CNS adverse effects, if CNS depression is likely, advise the PT not to ____ or participate in other activities that can be _____.

drive, dangerous

A DPI in inhalation med. administration stands for...

dry powdered inhaler

Early sign of circulatory overload

dyspnea

S&S of circulatory overload

dyspnea, cough, rales, tachycardia and JVD

Furosemide pt. teaching

eat food w/ plenty of potassium; avoid Aspirin and NSAIDs; take Tylenol instead

When giving sublingual medication, the PT shouldn't ____ or _____ while the tablet is in place.

eat, drink

A nurse is monitoring a client receiving parenteral lipid infusion. Which of the following findings is the HIGHEST priority to report to the provider

elevated temperature because this indicates allergic response or fat overload syndrome

Digoxin action

improve stroke volume and cardiac output, slowed conduction rate = increased ventricular filling

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has chronic stable angina and a prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

"As soon as chest pain occurs, place one tablet under the tongue."

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for spironolactone. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

"Avoid salt substitutes containing potassium while taking this medication."

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is prescribed disulfiram to treat alcohol use disorder. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

"Avoid using aftershave or cologne while taking this medication."

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is starting phenytoin therapy to help manage a seizure disorder. Which if the following instructions should the nurse include?

"Brush and floss your teeth after each meal."

A nurse is teaching about transdermal nicotine patches with a client who is attempting to quit smoking. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I might develop a local skin reaction when I begin wearing the patch."

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an adult female client who has been prescribed isoniazid. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I should notify my provider if I develop numbness in my feet."

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is starting to take amitriptyline. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I should take this medication at bedtime."

Nurse is caring for client who reports daily use of acetaminophen to manage mild knee pain. Which of the following statements by the client should be of most concern to the nurse

"I take three or four Vicodin ES tablets a day for severe knee and joint pain" (risk for toxicity)

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is prescribed an albuterol inhaler, two puffs every 4 hr. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I will hold my breath for 10 seconds after inhaling the medication."

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for zolpidem. Which of the following statements by the client indicates the teaching was effective?

"This medication might make me dizzy."

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for levothyroxine to treat hypothyroidism. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

"Take your iron supplement at least 4 hr from taking levothyroxine."

Creatinine lab value

0.6-1.2 mg/dL

Digoxin therapeutic levels

0.8-2.0

When administering ear medication, hold the dropper about ___ cm above ear.

1

A nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching with a client who is taking furosemide. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend as the best source of potassium?

1 cup baked potatoes

When administering eye medication, hold the dropper about __-__ cm above ______ ____ and drop medication into the centre. Then have the PT close their eye _____.

1-2, conjunctival sac, gently

When administering nose medication, hold the dropper about ___ cm above nose. Afterwards, advise PT not to blow their nose for ___ min.

1.5, 5

Lithium therapeutic dose

300 mg TID

Rapid Acting insulin Peak Time

30min - 1 hour

Hematocrit

35-45

It usually takes ____ half-lives to achieve a steady state of _____ concentration (medication intake = medication _______ & _______).

4, serum, metabolism, excretion

NPH Peak Time

4-12 hours after administration

Normal PTT Time

40-75 seconds

When using a MDI, instruct the client to shake the inhaler __-__ times, and to hold it approx. __-__ cm away from front of mouth. The PT should take a slow inhalation breath that lasts about __-__ sec. while pressing down on the inhaler. After inhaling, they should hold their breath for __ sec.

5-6, 2-4, 3-5, 10

Appropriate infusion rate for PRBC administration

5ml/min during first 15 minutes to decrease risk for adverse reaction

Micro tubing (gtt/min)

60 gtt/min

APTT

60-80

Pregnancy test

A nurse is caring for a 20 year old female client who has been prescribed isotretinoin for severe nodulocystic acne vulgaris. Before the client can obtain a refill, the nurse should advise the client that which of the following tests will be required?

wait until you have completed your medication therapy before receiving the vaccinations."

A client diagnosed with acute bronchitis is beginning a short course of prednisone therapy. The client asks the nurse to give him the required vaccinations because he is joining the Peace Corps. The nurse appropriately responds by stating, "You should...

Potassium of 3.1 mEq/L

A client has been prescribed furosemide. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse to withhold the medication?

The client has a history of bradycardia.

A client informs the nurse at the primary care provider's office that he received a prescription for timolol to treat glaucoma. Which of the following in the client's history should concern the nurse?

Decrease in intraocular pressure

A client is experiencing acute angle closure glaucoma and IV mannitol 25% is prescribed. Which of the following client findings should the nurse recognize as being the best indication that the medication is achieving its therapeutic effect?

Urinary retention

A client is prescribed amitriptyline. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to report?

"There is a high risk of fetal malformations while on chemotherapy."

A client is receiving chemotherapy and tells the nurse that she is trying to get pregnant. Which of the following statements by the nurse is the highest priority?

A stool softener should be taken on a daily basis.

A client receiving end-of-life care has been prescribed fentanyl patches topically every 72 hrs. Which of the following instructions regarding adverse effects of fentanyl should the nurse plan to give to the client and family?

Cephalexin

A client tells the nurse that he is allergic to penicillins. The nurse should recognize that the client can have a hypersensitivity to which of the following medications?

Sweating

A client who has diabetes mellitus is receiving insulin lispro and is prescribed metoprolol for hypertension. Which of the following should the nurse observe for in the client as an early indicator of hypoglycemia?

A nurse is receiving change-of-shift report about four clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse see first?

A client who has diabetes mellitus, is taking propranolol, and reports difficulty concentrating

Hypotension

A client who is postoperative has received 2 mg of hydromorphone IV bolus every 2 hrs. The client continues to rate his pain at a 7 on a scale of 0 to 10. Which of the following client findings should the nurse attend to first?

"I have tendonitis, so I haven't been able to exercise."

A nurse at an urgent care clinic is collection a history form a female client who has a UTI. The nurse anticipates a prescription for ciprofloxacin. Which o the following client statements indicates a contraindication for this medication?

Hemoglobin

A nurse in an oncology clinic is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who is receiving chemotherapy for lung cancer and is taking epoetin alfa. Which of the following laboratory tests is used to determine the effectiveness of the medication?

Atropine

A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who has myasthenia gravis and is in a cholinergic crisis. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?

Flumazenil

A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client whose family reports she has taken large amounts of diazepam. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering?

Increased blood pressure

A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing cardiogenic shock and is receiving a continuous IV infusion of dopamine. Which of the following findings indicates the medication is effective?

Administer naloxone

A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving morphine for pain via secondary IV infusion. The nurse notes that the client's respirations are 8/min and shallow. After stopping the morphine infusion, what should the nurse plan to do next?

observe the client for behavioral effects of pain.

A nurse is assessing an older adult client who has Alzheimer's disease who is nonverbal and has experienced frequent falls. To determine whether the client is in pain, the nurse should....

A nurse is preparing to administer prednisone (Deltasone) to a client for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following indicates effective therapy?

improved range of motion (reduction in pain and inflammation)

"Repot stools that appear black to the provider."

A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who developed a deep vein thrombosis and has a new prescription for warfarin. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?

"I will check my blood pressure before applying the patch."

A nurse is providing teaching about self-administration of transdermal medication for a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin. Which of the following statements made by the client indicates a need for additional teaching?

Lethargy

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for spironolactone. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following is an adverse effect of this medication?

Massage the site for 10 seconds after injection

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for a prefilled epinephrine injector. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?

Insert air into the NPH insulin into the syringe. Insert air into the regular insulin into the syringe. Draw up the regular insulin into the syringe. Draw up the NPH insulin into the syringe.

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has diabetes mellitus and is learning how to administer NPH insulin and regular insulin in a single syringe. The nurse should instruct the client to take the following steps in which order?

Dry cough

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has hypertension and is to start a new prescription for lisinopril. For which of the following should the nurse instruct the client to monitor and report to the provider?

"I should call my doctor if I develop sores in my mouth."

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has rheumatoid arthritis and is prescribed methotrexate. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Drink 8 to 10 glasses of water daily.

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is prescribed trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Which of the following instruction should the nurse include in her teaching?

Chest pain

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is to start taking sumatriptan. For which of the following should the nurse instruct the client to monitor and report to the provider?

"This medication can cause muscle pain or tenderness."

A nurse is providing teachings for a client who has hypercholesterolemia and has a new prescription for rosuvastatin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teachings?

Rifampicin Isoniazid

A nurse is reviewing the prescriptions of a client who has tuberculosis. The nurse should recognize that which of the following medications is used to treat TB? (select all apply)

Ibuprofen

A nurse is taking a medication history form a client who has a new prescription for lithium. Which of the following over-the-counter medications should the client discontinue?

"I should sit up for 30 min after taking the risedronate."

A nurse is teaching a client about the use of risedronate for the treatment of osteoporosis. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I will stop using the drops as soon as my vision improves."

A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for pilocarpine eye drops. Which of the following client statements should indicate to the nurse a need for additional teaching?

Withhold the medication

A nurse is to administer a new prescription for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid to a client. The client tells the nurse she is allergic to penicillin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Edema

A nurse working in a provider's office is taking a health history from a client who has been taking prednisone on a long-term basis for rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?

A nurse is reviewing a young adult client's medical history before administering the varicella vaccine. For which of the following findings in the client's medical history should the nurse withhold the immunization and notify the provider?

Allergy to gelatin

Primary action of spironolactone

increase sodium excretion (spare potassium)

"I have to turn the volume up on the TV to hear it."

An older adult client who has an infection is prescribed gentamicin. which of the following client statements indicates a side effect of the medication and should be reported to the provider immediately?

Manifestations of digoxin toxicity

Anorexia, vomiting, confusion, headache, and vision changes

Severe adverse effect of zidovudine

Aplastic anemia

Universal blood recipient

AB

Captopril

ACE Inhibitor; hyperkalemia; cough; 1 hr before meals; ANGIOEDEMA

Methylphenidate therapeutic use

ADHD

Therapeutic Effect of Dramamine (dimenhydrinate)

ANTIEMETIC used for motion sickness

Therapeutic effects of Hydroxyzine (Vistaril)

ANTIHISTAMINE controls emesis, diminishes anxiety, reduces amount of narcotics needed for pain relief and drys secretions

Cholinergic crisis reversal agent

ATROPINE

Statin Drug Interactions

AVOID GRAPEFRUIT JUICE (no more than 1qt/day) Erythromycin and Ketaconazole increase levels of statins Gemfibrozil, Fenofibrate, and Ezetimibe (Zetia) increase myopathy

Packed Red Blood Cell Administration

Administer PRBCs with 0.9% soda chloride to decrease risk for clotting and hemolysis

A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who has overdosed on an oral benzodiazepine medication. The client has an IV infusing and is nonresponsive. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Administer flumazenil.

Sublingual Nitroglycerin Administration

Administer tablet, recheck pain in 5 minutes, if pain remains administer another tablet (can administer up to 3 tablets)

Disulfiram (Antabuse)

Aversion therapy to help maintain abstinence from alcohol. Therapy must not begin until client has abstained for alcohol for at least 12 hr and preferably for 48 hr

Pt. teaching for baclofen (Lioresal) therapy

Avoid driving until drug effects are evident; take with milk or meals; may cause constipation

ACE INHIBITORS Pt. Teaching

Avoid salt substitutes

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) pt. teaching

increase water intake to 8-10 glasses daily in order to decrease the chance of renal damage from crystalluria

Pegfilgastim therapeutic effect

increased WBC count

Aspirin Adverse Effects

Bleeding, tinnitus, gastric ulceration, nausea and heartburn

A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking metoprolol. Which of the following findings indicates the medication is having the desired therapeutic effect?

Blood pressure is 116/75 mm Hg.

Adverse Reactions to Nalbuphine (Nubain)

Blurred vision, urinary urgency, headache and abdominal cramps

A nurse is collecting data from a client who received amiodarone 2 hr ago. The nurse suspects that the client received an extra dose of the medication. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?

Bradycardia

Dopamine therapeutic effect

increased blood pressure

Therapeutic use of pancuronium (Pavulon)

induce paralysis and suppress respiratory effort in mechanically ventilated pt.

A nurse is reviewing a PT's health record and notes that the PT experiences permanent extrapyramidal effects caused by a previous medication. The nurse recognizes that the medication affects the PT's _____.

CNS

Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), which are abnormal body movements, are more often associated with medications affecting the _____.

CNS

Alprazolam (Xanax)

CNS Depressant; can cause sedation, dizziness, lightheadedness and can contribute to falls

Nifedipine, Verapamil, Dilitiazem, Amlodipine

Calcium Channel Blockers

Nitroglycerin transdermal patch pt. teaching

Call the doctor if you experience a headache; apply patch to area that is free of hair; rotate location of patch; check BP 1 hour after applying the patch

Clonidine (Catapress); Methyldopa (Aldomet)

Centrally acting alpha 2 agonists; reduce peripheral vascular resistance, heart rate and BP

A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following medications is contraindicated with warfarin therapy?

Cimetidine

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus. The client received a dose of regular insulin prior to an episode of vomiting and now is unable to eat his meal. For which of the following manifestations should the nurse monitor?

Confusion

CA Channel Blocker Adverse Effects

Constipation, reflex tachycardia, peripheral edema, toxicity

Vasodilator nursing interventions

Continuous ECG and BP monitoring; discard unused fluid after 24hr.; DO NOT MIX nitroprusside

A nurse is planning to reinforce teaching with a newly hired nurse about physiologic changes in older adult clients that can alter pharmacokinetics. Which of the following should the nurse include as an age-related change?

Decreased kidney function

Cimetidine Adverse Effects

Decreased libido, impotence and CNS effects (lethargy, depression and confusion)

How to give ophthalmic ointment

Discard first bead of ointment each administration

Statins

GIVE IN EVENING; monitor liver and kidney functioning

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about the use of over-the-counter supplements. The nurse should include in the teaching that which of the following supplements can cause hypoglycemia?

Ginger root

A nurse is to administer subcutaneous short-acting insulin combined with long-acting insulin to the client before he eats breakfast at 8:00 AM. What should the nurse do?

Give the insulin at 7:30AM after checking the blood glucose level results

Vasodilator side effects

HEADACHE; cyanide toxicity; dizziness and profound hypotension

A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is experiencing abrupt withdrawal from chronic use of alcohol. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

Hallucinations

A nurse is preparing to administer vaccines to an adolescent client during a well-child visit. The nurse should check for an allergy to eggs prior to administering which of the following vaccines?

Inactivated influenza vaccine

A nurse is caring for client taking Prednisone and has developed an infection. Nurse should expect the provider will:

Increase the dosage of prednisone to prevent adrenal insufficiency b/c stress increases need for glucocorticoids

How to administer beta2 agonist and a glucocorticoid

Inhale beta2 agonist before inhaling the glucocorticoid

Formoterol and Salmeterol

Inhaled long acting beta2 agonist

How to inject heparin into the deep subcutaneous route.

Inject medication into the abdomen above the level of the iliac crest at least 2 inches from the umbilicus; 25-26 gauge needle; 1/2-5/8 inch needle; apply firm pressure for 1-2 minutes after injection without massage

Levothyroxine overdose signs and symptoms

Insomnia, diarrhea and hyperactive DTRs

Order of Mixing NPH and Regular Insulin

Inspect vials for contaminants; roll NPH vial between palms of hands; inject air into NPH insulin vial; inject air into regular insulin vial; withdraw short acting insulin into syringe; add intermediate insulin to syringe

A nurse is administering prescribed ear drops into an adult client's right ear. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Instill drops holding the dropper 1 cm (0.4 in) above the ear canal.

Universal blood donor

O

Beta Blockers

ON CARDIAC and KIDNEY; decrease myocardial output, excitability, oxygen demand and decrease release of renin in kidney (low BP)

Terbutaline

Oral long acting beta2 agonist (long term control of asthma)

Gentamicin Adverse Effects

Ototoxicity

Alpha Adrenergic Blockers (sympatholytics)

PRAZOSIN AND DOXAZOSIN MESYLATE peripheral arterial and venous dilation & decreased BP

Spironolactone (Aldactone)

Potassium sparing diuretic that can cause HYPERKALEMIA and HYPONATREMIA

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a new prescription for lisinopril. The nurse should identify that which of the following medications interacts with lisinopril?

Potassium supplements

Nonselective beta blocker (beta 1 and 2)

Propranolol (inderal), labetalol (normodyne)

Heparin Overdose Remedy

Protamine Sulfate

Medications that are _____ are rapidly absorbed through the alveolar capillary network.

inhaled

Instilling ear drops in child

Pull auricle down and back

Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) Adverse Effects

Pulmonary embolus, hot flushes, vaginal discharge or bleeding, hypercalcemia, endometrial cancer

Phenytoin adverse effects

Rash -> SJS (report skin rash to provider immediately)

Therapeutic Effect of of H2-Blocker Therapy

Relief of heartburn, indigestion and sour stomach

Amphotericin B Adverse Effects

Renal toxicity

Methotrexate Adverse Effects

Renal toxicity and drowsiness

A nurse is collecting data from a client who is receiving a continuous IV infusion of lactated Ringer's for dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of infiltration?

The area around the infusion site is cool to the touch.

Sumatriptan therapeutic use

SELECTIVE SEROTONIN RECEPTOR used to treat migraine headaches

A nurse is caring for a client who has bipolar disorder and a new prescription for lithium. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse plan to monitor for potential adverse effects?

Serum sodium

How to prepare Dilantin suspension

Shake container vigorously

Suppository insertion positioning

Sims position

A nurse is reviewing the medical history of a client who requires ophthalmic medication to treat glaucoma. Which of the following factors in the client's history is a contraindication for using beta-adrenergic blocking eye drops to treat this disorder?

Sinus bradycardia

Calcium Channel Blocker

Slows calcium influx into smooth muscle = arterial dilation and low BP; avoid grapefruit juice

A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking lithium to treat bipolar disorder and has a lithium level of 2.4 mEq/L. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as indicating lithium toxicity?

Slurred speech

A nurse is collecting data about herbal supplement use from a client who has a new prescription for fluoxetine. The nurse should identify that which of the following supplements is contraindicated with this medication?

St. John's wort

Therapeutic effect of Liothyronine (Cytomel)

Used to treat hypothyroidism; mood improvement, weight loss, increased appetite, increased body temperature

H2- Recepter Blocker Action

Suppress secretion of gastric acid in ppl with gastric/peptic ulcers and GERD

Sympatholytics

Take at bedtime; No NSAIDs

Client taking oral contraceptive reports that she forgot to take one pill. What instruction should be given?

Take the missed dose along with the next dose

Ibuprofen administration

Take with or immediately after meal to prevent gastric irritation

Phenytoin medication administraiton

administer a saline solution after injection

A nurse is collecting data from a client who is scheduled to receive an initial dose of tobramycin. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

The client's creatinine level is 2.2 mg/dL.

Oprelvekin

Thrombopoetic factor

Action of Expectorants

Treats cough by stimulating secretions

Things to monitor in patient taking Desmopressin

Urine specific gravity; creatinine clearance; serum osmolality

Verapamil/Dilitiazem

Used for A. Fib.; A. Flutter; SVT

Fab Antibody Fragments (Digibind)

Used to treat digoxin toxicity

Ginger root drug interaction

Warfarin (increases risk for bleeding)

Pt. teaching on ferrous iron administration

administer with fruit juice and NOT with milk, meals or yogurt

Priority intervention for client with Wernicke's encephalopathy

administration of thiamine (Vitamin B1)

Diphenoxylate/atropine adverse effects

abdominal distention and dry mouth

______ is the transmission of medications from the location of administration (GI tract, muscle, skin, or subcutaneous tissue) to the bloodstream.

absorption

Epinephrine auto injector pt. teaching

administer IM; store @ room temp. in dark area; should only need one injection; massage site for 10 seconds after injection

Sumatriptan adverse effects

chest pain secondary to coronary vasospasm resulting in angina

Methods to decrease dry mouth associated with Benadryl therapy

chew on sugarless gum or suck on hard, sour candies

A medication ______ is how a medication may be organized according to therapeutic effect, pharmacological action, body system, chemical makeup, and safe use during pregnancy.

classification

Aspirin contraindications

client w/ hemmorhagic stroke

Timolol precautions

client with history of bradycardia

Adverse effects of Zileuton (Zyflo)

conjunctivitis, ABDOMINAL PAIN, jaundice (hepatotoxicity), constipation and headache

Mannitol therapeutic use

decrease intraocular pressure

Colchicine (Colsalide) use

decrease joint inflammation

Therapeutic effect of Levothyroxine (Synthroid)

decreased TSH

Methylphenidate therapeutic effects

decreased activity and increased attention span

Expected finding in pt. taking pancreatic enzymes

decreased fat in stools

indication of toxic reaction to hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil)

decreased visual acuity (retinopathy); headache; hematologic effects; abdominal cramps

St. Johns Wort drug interaction

decreases effectiveness of oral contraceptives

Mirtazapine therapeutic use

depression

Tranylcypromine therapeutic use

depression

Pt. teaching for nitroglycerin sublingual tablets

dial 911 if one tablet does not relieve pain and then take up to 2 more 5 min. apart while waiting

______ causes oral medications to pass too quickly through the GI tract to be absorbed.

diarrhea

Expected side effects for oral Erythromycin

diarrhea, epigastric pain, nausea and vomiting

Pt. teaching for methotrexate

do not drink alcoholic beverages; report unexplained bruising to the provider; avoid people who have infections; may take 4-6 weeks to see effects; take folic acid to minimize effects

Cimetidine pt. teaching

do not take this medication if you start taking blood thinning medications

When administering oral or enteral medications, make sure that the PT has an ______ stomach, __ hour(s) before meals and ___ hour(s) after meals.

empty, 1, 2

When administering nasogastric or gastronomy tube medication, do not mix it with _____ _____. To prevent clogging, flush the tubing _____ and ____ each medication with ___ mL of warm sterile water. When the administration of meds. is complete, flush with ___ mL of warm sterile water.

enteral feedings, before, after, 15, 15

The most common routes of administration are _____ (____ ____) and _____ (by ______).

enteral, GI tract, parenteral, injection

Through the oral route, medications must pass through the layer of ______ cells that line the ____ tract.

epithelial, GI

Findings associated with phlebitis

erythema, throbbing, warmth at injection site and streak formation

What to evaluate before administering Digoxin

evaluate client for nausea, vomiting and anorexia (may be signs of digoxin toxicity)

_______ is the elimination of medications from the body primarily through the kidneys. It can also take place through the liver, lungs, bowel, and exocrine glands.

excretion

Lithium pt. teaching

expect control of manic symptoms 7-10 days after starting lithium therapy

Clozapine (Clozaril) adverse effects

fatigue, seizures and orthostatic hypotension

Black Cohosh drug interaction

fertility medications

The ____-____ effect occurs with some oral medications are inactivated on their first pass through the liver and may require a higher dose to achieve a therapeutic effect, or must be given by a nonenteral route.

first-pass

If sublingual/buccal medications are swallowed before being dissolved, _____ _____ may inactivate medication.

gastric pH

A ______ name is the official or nonproprietary name that is given to a medication.

generic

When administering transdermal medication, place patch on a ______ area of the skin, and _____ sites to prevent skin irritation. Verify removal of _____ _____ before applying new one.

hairless, rotate, previous patch

A ____-____ (___) refers to the period of time needed for the medication to be reduced by 50% in the body.

half-life, t1/2

A nurse is talking with a client about to start taking colestipol (bile acid sequestrant) to lower LDL level. It comes in powder or tablet form. The nurse should inform the patient that if he chooses the tablets:

he will have to take up to 30 tablets per day b/c each tablet contains about 1 g of medication and the therapeutic dosage range is 15-30g/day

Beta blockers adverse cardiac effect

heart failure (decreased cardiac output) monitor for bilateral lung crackles

In general, ______ medication metabolism tends to decline with age.

hepatic

Contraindication to aspirin therapy

history gastric ulcers

Methylphenidate adverse effects

hypertension, linear growth suppression and appetite suppression (weight loss)

Risk for lithium toxicity

hyponatremia

Isosorbide mononitrate adverse effect

hypotension

Intravenous medications will have ______ and ______ absorption.

immediate, complete

Blood samples for peak and trough levels for IV gentamycin should be drawn...

immediately prior to and 30-60 minutes after the next dose

Temazepam therapeutic use

insomnia

The amount of medication absorbed determines its ______.

intensity

With ______/______ medications, absorption is slow and gradual. The effects are primarily local, but systemic as well, especially with lipid soluble medications passing through subcutaneous fatty tissue.

intradermal/topical

_______ medications will have immediate and complete absorption.

intravenous

Adverse effect of Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)

irreversible cardiomyopathy

Headache after nitroglycerin therapy...

is expected

Tardive dyskinesia S&S

jerky choreiform movements; lip smacking; neck and back tonic contractions

Contraindication for receiving live attenuated influenza vaccine

just turned 62 (must be between 2-49 yo); pregnancy and immunocompromised

Pt. teaching for insulin therapy

keep open vial of insulin at room temperature; inject subq; DO NOT ASPIRATE

Lantus teaching

lantus is not used on a sliding scale in diabetics

When administering rectal suppositories, position the PT in ____ _____ position and insert just beyond the ____ ___. Instruct the client to retain the medication __-__ min for stimulation of defecation and __ min for stimulation absorption.

left lateral, internal sphincter, 20-30, 60

Spironolactone adverse effect

lethargy

Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) use

leukemia, multiple myeloma, lymphomas, head, ovary, great and lung cancer

Medications that are _____ soluble or have a ______ system can cross the blood-brain barrier or the placenta.

lipid, transport

Rectal and vaginal suppositories can be easily absorbed with both ______ and _______ effects.

local, systemic

Ceftriaxone administration to older adult client

locate vastus lateralis injection site (administer in large muscle)

therapeutic effect of Albuterol (Proventil)

prevents wheezing, opens airways, decreases coughing episodes

Gingko balboa drug interaction

proton pump inhibitors

Appropriate references to ensure safe medication administration

published journals, pharmacists, Physicians Desk Reference

The route of administration affects the _____ and _____ of absorption.

rate, amount

Colace (Docusate) therapeutic effect

regular bowel movements (1-2 soft stools per day)

Theophylline therapeutic effect

relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle (bronchodilation)

Therapeutic use of cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)

relieve muscle spasms

Adverse effect of calcium supplements

renal stones (increase water intake; report any blood in urine or flank pain)

Action with expired medication

return the medication to the pharmacy

TB medications

rifampicin and isoniazid

What are the 6 rights of safe medication administration?

right PT, right medication, right dose, right time, right route, right documentation

Early indicator of hypoglycemia

sweating; tachycardia (may be masked by beta blocker)

Doses are usually one to two _____ or one single-dose ____.

tablets, vial

A nurse is reviewing a PT's health record and notes a new prescription by the provider for lisinopril (Zestril) 10mg PO every day. The nurse should recognize this as what type of prescription?

routine prescription

Diphenhydramine side effects

sedation

In CNS adverse effects, if CNS stimulation is to be expected, PTs may be at risk for ______.

seizures

Infliximab therapeutic use

severe Chron's disease and arthritis

Zidovudine adverse effects

severe anemia; nurses should monitor patient hemoglobin levels

Albuterol

short acting beta2 agonist

Hydroxyurea therapeutic use

sickle cell anemia

_____ ______ are usually expected and inevitable outcomes when a medication is given at a therapeutic dose.

side effects

The _______ ______ pathway is when two medications are metabolized by the same pathway, they can interfere with the metabolism of one or both of the medications.

similar metabolic

Absorption with intradermal/tropical medication is _____ and _____. The effects are primarily _____, but _____ as well, especially with lipid soluble medications passing through subcutaneous fatty tissue.

slow, gradual, local, systemic

The rate of absorption in subcutaneous and intramuscular medications is determined by the _____ of medication in water and _____ _____ at the site of injection.

solubility, blood perfusion

The rate of medication absorption determines how _____ the medication will take effect.

soon

A ______ prescription is given only once and it is given immediately.

stat

Glipizide (Glucotrol) method of action

stimulates pancreas to release adequate insulin

Therapeutic use of bethanechol (Urecholine)

stimulates urination in patient with the inability to void

The rate of absorption in_______ and ______ medications is determined by the solubility of medication in water and blood perfusion at the site of injection.

subcutaneous, intramuscular

_______/_______ medications are absorbed quickly systemically through highly vascular mucous membrane.

sublingual/buccal