General Phycology final for nwmsu
In a psychological experiment, the factor that may be influenced by the manipulated experimental treatment is called the ______ variable.
a. dependent
Schizophrenia is most likely to be characterized by
a. disorganized thinking and disturbed perceptions
The function of dendrites is to
a. receive incoming signals from other neurons
According to the medical model, psychological disorders are
a. sickness that need to be diagnosed and in most cases cured
Intelligence tests are "biased" in the sense that
a. test performance is influenced by cultural experience
Correlation is a measure of the extent to which two factors
a. vary together
A syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in a person's thoughts, emotions, and regulation, or behaviors is most clearly an indication of
d. a psychological disorder
A descriptive technique for obtaining the self-reported attitudes or behaviors of a representative sample of population is known as
d. a survey
Psychologists define learning as the process of
d. acquiring new information or relatively enduring behaviors
Electroconvulsive therapy has proven to be effective in the treatment of
d. depression
A sense of being separated from your body and watching yourself with a sense of detachment is a symptom of
d. dissociation
Deja vu refers to the
d. eerie sense of having previously experienced a situation or event
A major depressive disorder is most likely to be characterized by
d. feelings of personal worthlessness
The most basic or lowest-level need in Maslow's hierarchy of human motives includes the need for
d. food and water
The endocrine system consists of
d. glands that secrete hormones
The use of physical punishment may
d. have all of these results
The persistence of learning over time most clearly depends on
d. memory
Consciousness is defined as
d. our awareness of ourselves and our environment
The fundamental attribution errer refers to our tendency to underestimate the impact of ________ and to overestimate the impact of ________ in explaining the behavior of others
d. situational influences; personal dispositions
Humanistic therapists are likely to teach clients to
d. take more responsibility for their won feelings and actions
The impact of our cultural backgrounds on the development of our personal values best illustrates the influence of
d. the enviorment
An axon is
d. the extension of a neuron that carries messages away from the cell body.
An instinctive behavior is one that is
d. unlearned
An eciectic approach to psychotherapy is one that
d. uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic techniques
Which major force in psychology emphasized unconscious thought processes?
B. Freudian psychology
Contemporary psychology is best defined as science of
C. behavior and mental processes
The hindsight bias refers to peoples tendency to
C. exaggerate their ability to have foreseen an outcome
Our tendency to believe we know more than we do best illustrates
C. overconfidence
the nature-nurture issue refers to the debate over the relative contributions that____ make to the development of psychological traits.
D. genes and experience
Spearman's g factor refers to
b. a general intelligence that underlies successful performance on a wide variety of tasks
Circadian rhythm refers to
b. a pattern of biological functioning that occurs on a roughly 24-hour cycle
Fluid intelligence refers most directly to a person's
b. ability to speedily and abstractly
Prejudice is best defined as
b. an unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members
One of the three major concerns of developmental psychology involves a focus on
b. continuity and stages
Freud believed that _____ are the "royal and road to the unconscious"
b. dreams
Group therapy is typically more effective than individual therapy for
b. enabling people to discover that others have proems similar to their own
Experts would most likely agree that intelligence is a(n)
b. mental ability to learn from experience
Morphine and heroin are
b. opiates
Social facilitation refers to the tendency to
b. perform well-learned tasks more effectively in the presence of others
An individuals characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting is his or her
b. personality
Memories are primed by
b. retrieval cues
Cognition refers to
b. the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating
Carl Rogers referred to an attitude of total acceptance toward another person as
b. unconditional positive regard
The most common way AIDs is transmitted is through
b. unprotected sex with an infected person
Psychoanalysis refers to the personality theory and therapeutic practices developed by
c. Sigmund Freud
Motivation is defined by psychologists as
c. a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior toward a goal
A gender role refers to
c. a set of expected behaviors for men or women
A reflex refers to
c. an automatic response to sensory stimulation
Attitudes are ________ that guide behavior
c. belief-based feelings
The foot-in-the-door phenomenon refers to the tendency to
c. comply with a large request if one has previously complied with a small request
The simultaneous processing of information at both conscious and unconscious levels is called
c. dual processing
The person-situation controversy involves a debate regarding the influence of _______ and _____ on behavior
c. environmental traits
The process of encoding refers to
c. getting information into memory
Individualism is to collectivism as_____ is to ______
c. independence; interdependence
Deindividuation refers to
c. loss of self-awareness and self- restraint in group situations that fosters arousal and anonymity
Learning specific behaviors simply by watching others perform them is known as
c. observational learning
An event that strengthens the behavior it follows is a(n)
c. reinforcement
Norms are best described as
c. rules for socially acceptable behavior
Adolescence extends from
c. the beginning of sexual maturity to independent adulthood
The central nervous system consists of
c. the brain and the spinal cord
