General Psych CH 13

Roughly speaking, just over _____ percent of 4- to 17-year-olds are diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A. 5 B. 10 C. 15 D. 20

B. 10

Although Mark realizes his behavior is unreasonable, he is so distraught by high bridges that he avoids them and takes an unnecessarily lengthy route to and from work each day. Mark appears to suffer from: A. generalized anxiety disorder. B. bipolar disorder. C. a phobia. D. obsessive-compulsive disorder.

C. a phobia.

Stimulus _____ occurs when a person who is attacked by a fierce dog later develops a fear of all dogs.

generalization

_____ disorder is characterized by a persistently sad mood and low energy level.

major depressive

Having drug-abusing biological parents increases the risk of drug abuse among adopted people by a factor of: A. 1.5. B. 2. C. 3. D. 2.5.

B. 2

_____ was once referred to as mental retardation.

Intellectual disability

_____ disorder consists of a prolonged state of hopeless sadness.

Major depressive

_____ insisted that madness was not "demon possession," but a sickness of the mind caused by severe stresses and inhumane conditions.

Philippe Pinel

Without success, Regine spends hours each day trying to suppress the intrusive worry that she may have forgotten to lock her house when she left for work. Her experience is MOST symptomatic of _____ disorder.

obsessive-compulsive

_____ drugs are chemicals that change mood and perception.

psychoactive

Will has an intense fear of speaking in public. Because he can only engage in one-on-one discussions, he has been passed over for promotions. Will may be suffering from _____ disorder.

social anxiety

One study looking at the brains of violent repeat offenders and found that their brains had _____ frontal lobe tissue than a normal brain. This helps explain why these people exhibit deficits in cognitive functions such as planning, organization, and inhibition. A. 11 percent less B. 25 percent more C. 25 percent less D. 11 percent more

A. 11 precent less

_____ is characterized by moods that alternate between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the euphoric, hyperactive state of mania. A. Bipolar disorder B. Generalized anxiety disorder C. Major depressive disorder D. Schizophrenia

A. Bipolar disorder

Acquiring a phobia is to maintaining a phobia as _____ conditioning is to _____ conditioning. A. classical; operant B. classical; respondent C. operant; instrumental D. operant; classical

A. classical; operant

Alcohol may act as a _____, which slows down brain activity of the areas that control judgment and inhibitions. A. disinhibitor B. sedative C. hallucinogen D. stimulant

A. disinhibitor

Bremner has found that in victims such as Dennis there is _____ activity in a part of the cortex that normally shuts down the automatic fear response. A. far less B. the same C. far more D. no

A. far less

Lenore is continually tense and plagued by muscle tension, sleeplessness, and an inability to concentrate. Lenore MOST likely suffers from _____ disorder. A. generalized anxiety B. obsessive-compulsive C. bipolar D. persistent depressive

A. generalized anxiety

Billy has an identical twin that was recently diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Research suggests that the chances are _____ that Billy will also suffer from bipolar disorder at some point in his life. A. 5 in 10 B. 7 in 10 C. 1 in 10 D. 9 in 10

B. 7 in 10

_____ is NOT a psychoactive drug. A. Cocaine B. Ibuprofen C. Alcohol D. Nicotine

B. Ibuprofen

Thirty-five-year-old Lucy needs to have her blood taken. She is so distraught by this that she must mentally prepare herself for it as well as take a short-acting sedative. Lucy seems to be suffering from: A. bipolar disorder. B. a phobia. C. generalized anxiety disorder. D. obsessive-compulsive disorder.

B. a phobia.

Dr. Brooks has a client who suffers from substance abuse. In therapy, she suggests that his abusive home environment, limited sense of life purpose, and deficient dopamine reward circuits might account for his abuse. Dr. Brooks is MOST clearly using a _____ approach to understanding addictive behaviors. A. biological B. biopsychosocial C. humanistic D. psychoanalytic

B. biopsychosocial

Psychoactive drugs are: A. medications that are harmless to the user. B. chemicals that change mood and perception. C. illegal substances. D. only prescribed by a doctor.

B. chemicals that change mood and perception.

Methamphetamines trigger(s) the release of the neurotransmitter _____, which stimulates the brain to enhance energy and mood. A. norepinephrine B. dopamine C. endorphins D. epinephrine

B. dopamine

Bradley served two tours of duty during the war in Iraq. Since his return home, however, Bradley finds himself reliving many of his experiences from his time in the Armed Forces. Sometimes he swears he smells gun fire and feels the terror of being shot at. Bradley is MOST likely suffering _____ associated with _____. A. nightmares; OCD B. flashbacks; PTSD C. flashbacks; OCD D. nightmares; generalized anxiety disorder

B. flashbacks; PTSD

At some point in Don's life, he became one of those people who crossed the line from normal preoccupations and fussiness to his current debilitating condition known as _____ disorder. A. antisocial personality B. obsessive-compulsive C. dissociative D. generalized anxiety

B. obsessive-compulsive

As compared with men, women are _____ likely to develop PTSD symptoms after a traumatic event. A. just as B. twice as C. less D. slightly more

B. twice as

After an entire day without alcohol, Selena is sweaty and shaking. Selena's symptoms BEST reflect: A. dependence. B. withdrawal. C. adaptation. D. tolerance.

B. withdrawal

Corey is trying to cut back on his consumption of caffeinated beverages. He will NOT experience: A. headaches. B. irritability. C. increased energy. D. depression.

C. increased energy

Two disorders that involve anxiety are: A. bipolar disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). B. bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. C. obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). D. obsessive-compulsive disorder and bipolar disorde

C. obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Symptoms that can be incorrectly perceived as those of a heart attack are MOST characteristic of _____ disorder. A. persistent depressive B. obsessive-compulsive C. panic D. bipolar

C. panic

One potential fear of the new classification of "disruptive mood dysregulation disorder" is that it will: A. allow parents to seek professional help sooner. B. help parents deal with unruly children. C. turn a normal temper tantrum into a mental disorder. D. make treating a temper tantrum easier to do with medication.

C. turn a normal temper tantrum into a mental disorder.

Who is at GREATEST risk for drug use? A. Josiah, who is Amish B. David, who is Mormon C. Jamar, who is African-American D. Brett, whose family just moved to a new state midway through the school year

D. Brett, whose family just moved to a new state midway through the school year

Which teenage girl do you think might be MOST at risk for drug abuse? A. a 15-year-old Amish girl from an impoverished family B. a 15-year-old girl who occasionally overeats C. a 15-year-old girl with divorced parents D. a 15-year-old girl who has a history of physical abuse and depression

D. a 15-year-old girl who has a history of physical abuse and depression

In any given year, the MOST common type of psychological disorder in the United States is: A. obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). B. social anxiety disorder. C. schizophrenia. D. depressive or bipolar disorder.

D. depressive or bipolar disorder.

Persistent depressive disorder was formerly called: A. anhedonia. B. euphoria. C. mania. D. dysthymia.

D. dysthymia

Which brain structure is identified in the video as involved in memory? A. amygdala B. brain pathways C. cerebral cortex D. hippocampus

D. hippocampus

Even without professional intervention, _____ episodes of depression often resolve on their own. A. some B. few C. all D. most

D. most

Lou is worried that he will become addicted to the drug he has been taking to relieve his pain and anxiety. He is MOST likely taking a(n): A. barbiturate. B. stimulant. C. tranquilizer. D. opiate.

D. opiate

Penny is an intensely shy person who rarely attends social gatherings. In addition, she normally will not accept dinner invitations and refuses to speak in public, even if it is among a group of friends. Penny MOST likely suffers from _____ disorder. A. posttraumatic stress B. panic C. generalized anxiety D. social anxiety

D. social anxiety

A judgment that alarm is unwarranted shuts down: A. the cerebral cortex. B. the heart. C. brain circuits. D. the amygdala.

D. the amygdala

In a double-blind procedure, one group of men is given a beverage containing alcohol and a second group is given a similar-tasting beverage that contains no alcohol. In each group, half the men are told they are drinking an alcoholic beverage and half are told their beverage is nonalcoholic. All the men then view erotic movies. After watching the erotic material, research indicates that: A. the men who did not drink alcohol will not feel guilty, regardless of whether they thought they were drinking alcohol. B. the men who drank the alcohol will feel guilty, regardless of whether they thought they were drinking alcohol. C. all of the men will feel the same amount of guilt. D. the men who thought they were drinking alcohol will feel less guilty than those who did not think they were drinking alcohol will, regardless of the true content of the beverage.

D. the men who thought they were drinking alcohol will feel less guilty than those who did not think they were drinking alcohol will, regardless of the true content of the beverage.

Through continued usage, an individual's brain may adapt to compensate for the effects of a drug. This adaptation is called: A. alteration. B. dependence. C. withdrawal. D. tolerance.

D. tolerance

Alcohol _____ disorder entails alcohol use marked by tolerance, withdrawal, and a drive to continue problematic drinking. A. dependency B. abuse C. addiction D. use

D. use

Jose is trying to quit smoking. A withdrawal symptom that he would NOT experience is: A. insomnia. B. anxiety. C. irritability. D. weight loss.

D. weight loss

_____ disorder consists of states of sadness alternating with periods of overexcited hyperactivity.

bipolar