geog midterm

The motivation for Spain embarking on exploration of the New World

(I) God (II) Gold (III) Glory

When did most of South America gain independence?

1810-1830

Which of these are characteristics of the Grand Manner? a. Tree-lined boulevards b. Diagonal street axis c. Concrete structures d. Flying buttresses

A and B

Which of the following statements are true about the way in which the US population is distributed: a. Population density is highest on the East Coast b. Population is concentrated in the geographic center of the country c. Huge areas of land in the West are sparsely populated d. More people live in rural areas than urban areas

A and C

Which of the following cities are megacities based on their 2018 population (in parentheses)? a. Dhaka, Bangladesh (19,578,000) b. Madrid, Spain (6,497,000) c. Chicago, Illinois (8,864,000) d. Istanbul, Turkey (14,751,000)

A and D

Which monarch transformed Versailles from a hunting lodge to a small city? a. Louis XIV b. Henri IV c. Andre le Notre d. Charles V

A. Louis XIV

Sacred hilltop district in Athens

Acropolis

Prussian "father of Geography" who wrote Cosmos: A Sketch of a Physical Description of the Universe.

Alexander von Humboldt

Rank in order of population density, with most dense in the first position. a. New York b. Hong Kong c. London

B, A, C

The original nucleus of development in Amsterdam was: a. A bishop's cathedral b. A dam on a small river c. An easily defended hill d. The mouth of the river Rhine

B. A dam on a small river

The Laws by which the Spanish colonial towns are built are: a. Vance's model b. The Law of the Indies c. Perspectivism d. The Law of the Primate City

B. Law of the indies

Who described the destruction of the Indians of the Americas as "the most massive act of genocide in the history of the world?" a. Fernand Braudel b. Henri Pirenne c. David Stannard d. Mark Jefferson

C. David Stannard

Welsh castle town

Caernarvon

Greek philosopher is known for the founding of Geography

Eratosthenes

T or F: In the Feudal System, people could move easily between social classes

F

T or F: The terrain or landscape of Greece is very similar to Mesopotamia

F

fortified trading posts established by Swedes on a route linking the Baltic and Black Seas

Hanse Towns

4 hearths of urbanization

Mesopotamia, Andes, Nile Valley, Indus Valley

T or F: Economic colonialism is exploitative and extractive in nature.

T

T or F: European exploration during the Age of Mercantilism and Empire had a profound effect on places outside of Europe (notably the Americas) because in some places, settlements developed that eventually grew into cities.

T

T or F: Gothic architecture transformed castles, churches, cathedrals and pretty much the whole of Europe.

T

T or F: In economic colonialism, raw materials are typically extracted from a country and processed to "add value" to them in the mother country.

T

T or F: The Golden Age of Athens began in the 5th Century BC and lasted less than a century.

T

T or F: The Palace of the Doge in Venice housed the legislative and executive branches of the government.

T

T or F: The Place des Vosges has symmetrically arranged uniform buildings that face inward and enclose a large open area.

T

T or F: The Vance Model describes five stages in the development of linkages between: (I) a homeland area; (II) a new or previously unknown area; and (III) some intervening maritime space.

T

T or F: The areas of Europe most involved in the revival of urbanism were those most heavily involved in trade.

T

T or F: Traditionally, many cities had walls. People living within those walls had the protections, rights, and freedoms of city dwellers.

T

T or F: Venice was one of the places that invented or reinvented much of the economic system that would lead the West to a position of global leadership.

T

a mound connected to the mainland by a narrow strip of land

Tombolo

ancient city in Mesopotamia

Ur

Which of these strategies to combat London overcrowding were present in Elizabeth I's proclamation? a. No new building within 3 miles of the city center b. No conversion of single family into multi-family homes c. No building houses higher than 6 stories d. No workers could be hired from outside of London

a and b

Which places retained characteristics of the Western Tradition during the urban decline of the Middle Ages? a. Constantinople b. Trier c. London d. Bruges e. all of the above

a and b

1. In terms of layout and location, Amsterdam is most similar to which of the following cities: a. (I) Venice b. (II) Paris c. (III) London d. (IV) Bruges

a and d

Miletus with its rectilinear grid is __________

a planned city

1. Dam Square was originally located at the a. Amstel Dam b. Bridge of Lions c. Pont Neuf d. Notre Dam

a. Amstel Dam

All goods moving from the upper to lower Great Lakes moved through which city? a. Detroit b. Quebec c. Montreal d. Albany

a. Detroit

List trade routes Genoese Venetian Hansa Hansa & Genoese

a. Hansa b. Venetian & Genoese c. Genoese d. Venetian

73. In what general direction did the Reconquest of Spain unfold? a. North to South b. South to North c. East to West d. West to East

a. North to South

What is a name for the march on Versailles to protest high food prices? a. October March b. November March c. Bread March d. Market March

a. October March

Match each tradition with an example of it in practice. a. Spatial/Locational b. Area or Regional Studies c. Human/Environmental Interaction d. Earth Science i. Assessing the impact of sea level rise on coastal bridges. ii. Ethnography of Mail Carriers in the Netherlands iii. Analysis of housing prices in Oakland, California. iv. i. Mapping glacial extents.

a. Spatial/Locational iii. Analysis of housing prices in Oakland, California. b. Area or Regional Studies ii. Ethnography of Mail Carriers in the Netherlands. c. Human/Environmental Interaction i. Assessing the impact of sea level rise on coastal bridges. d. Earth Science iv. Mapping glacial extents.

1. Which of these cities had the biggest population as of 1000 AD? a. Constantinople b. London c. Paris d. Venice

a. constantinople

Who is often considered to be the "father of city planning" for his construction of Miletus? a. Hippodamus b. Aristotle c. Homer d. Pythagoras

a. hippodamus

The Laws of the Indies are based on a Roman book written by: a. Vitruvius b. Hippodamus c. Vance d. Miletus

a. vitruvius

The commodity most linked to the prosperity of Bruges was: a. wool from England b. silk from Italy c. fur from Finland d. lumber from Sweden e. all of the above

a. wool from England

Greek market district and civic area

agora

Which of the following are basic characteristics of cities: a. Cities are physical artifacts on the land b. Cities are made up of people c. Cities are diverse d. Cities often have a distinct function

all of the above

1. In their conquest of the New World, the Spanish sought which of the following: a. (I) Trade b. (II) Subjects c. (III) Converts d. (IV) Tribute

b, c, d

Put Childe's Agricultural Revolution Sequence Theory in order from earliest to latest A. Those with non-agricultural roles lived close together for the convenience of farmers, and to conduct business by building cities. b. Domestication of plants & animals via permanent human settlements c. This led to the development of organized society, by which we mean forms of government with taxes, records, and laws, and forms of religion that also became codified, creating the link between cities and civilization d. Surplus used for trade or to pay non-agriculural roles like artisans, priests, or soldiers. e. Creation of a surplus through improved production techniques

b, e, d, a, c

How many people were estimated to have become homeless during the event of 1666? a. 13,000 b. 80,000 c. 150,000 d. 500,000

b. 80,000

The main activities of the Forum were: a. Religious worship b. Civic and governmental activities c. Entertainment d. Housing

b. Civic and governmental activities

The 17th Century historian, Bernabe Cobo, was describing what city when he said the following: "it is the finest and most well-formed plaza that I have ever seen, even in Spain. It occupies an entire block, with the width of four streets on one side, and four streets on the other, and with all four sides it measures more than 2000 feet." a. St. Augustine, Florida b. Lima, Peru c. Madrid, Spain d. Mexico City, Mexico

b. Lima, Peru

In 1660 the British were most actively colonizing which continent? a. South America b. North America c. Australia d. Asia e. all of the above

b. North America

Which city is located at the gateway between the Great Lakes and the Atlantic? a. Detroit b. Quebec c. Montreal d. Albany

b. Quebec

The Spanish colonial town which is home to the first Catholic parish in the US is: a. San Diego b. St. Augustine c. Los Angeles d. Miami

b. St. Augustine

1. Den Waag (The Weigh House) in Amsterdam was significant because a. It is the place the government met b. The city had large volumes of shipping and trading and this is where goods were weighed. c. It contained the red light district. d. It represents architecture constructed in "The Grand Manner"

b. The city had large volumes of shipping and trading and this is where goods were weighed.

As of the year 1000 AD, which cities had a population less than 15,000? a. Paris b. Bruges c. London d. Venice

b. bruges

1. Which emperor established a fortress wall across the Northern part of the Roman Empire? a. Caesa b. Hadrian c. Traja d. Ner

b. hadrian

1. In a typical Haussman building where is the most expensive housing found? a. Mezzanine b. Second floor c. Third floor d. Fourth floor e. Fifth floor

b. second floor

Fort Detroit followed a similar layout to what type of city? a. Spanish city as defined in the Laws of the Indies b. The French Bastides c. None-it was completely organic

b. the French Bastides

a planted or planned town built during the urban revival; most common in southern France

bastide

a German term for a fortified place built during the Middle Ages

bourg

What is Feudalism? a. (I) A political system based on reciprocal relations between lords who owned the land and vasaal who worked as knights. b. (II) An economic system whereby peasants worked on the land in exchange for protection from bandits. c. a and b

c

1. In a typical Haussman building which of the following floors would have housing? a. (I) Ground floor b. (II) Mezzanine (or entresol) c. (III) Second floor d. (IV) Third floor e. (V) Fourth floor f. (VI) Fifth floor

c, d, e, and f

In which country was the cradle of gothic architecture? a. Germany b. Italy c. France d. England

c. France

The East/West cultural framing has been further clouded by what? a. war b.capitalism c. globalization d. secularism

c. globalization

What is the primary framework geographers use to analyze processes, systems, behaviors, and patterns? a. physical b. temporal c. spatial d. environmental

c. spacial

75. San Francisco, Los Angeles and St. Augustine are example of _________________ urbanization in North America? a. French b. British c. Spanish d. Canadian

c. spanish

The place where politics was debated in Athens was called: a. the agora b. The citadel c. The pnyx d. The parthenon

c. the pnyx

The size, shape and contents of an individual city _______________ over time because the city as artifact reflects the historical context in which it developed and continues to be developed.

change

At its height, the population of Rome is estimated to be: a. 50,000 b. 100,000 c. 500,000 d. 1 Million

d. 1 million

According to the book, "American Holocaust", how many Native Americans were killed in both North and South America, both from violence and diseases such as smallpox? a. 1 million b. 5 million c. 10 million d. 100 million

d. 100 million

What was the ratio of British settlers to French settlers in colonial times? a. 2x b. 3x c. 5x d. 10x

d. 10x

1. Aside from trade what other factors sparked urban revival? a. (I) The rise of Christianity, especially the Crusades b. (II) Political transformation and the emergence of the modern nation state c. (III) The 2nd Agricultural Revolution d. all of the above

d. all of the above

What important features are evident from old maps of the Fort Detroit area? a. (I) Settlement was quite limited b. (II) Farming took place to long and narrow lots to maximize access to the river c. (III) The presence of Indian villages near the Fort suggested that there was friendly relations with them d. all of the above

d. all of the above

What is GIS? a. Digital mapping software. b. Geographic Information Systems c. A conceptualized framework that provides the ability to capture and analyze spatial and geographic data. d. All of the above.

d. all of the above

Which of the following reasons are given to explain why Rome built new towns and cities in many areas: a. (I) Military control b. II) Political administration c. (III) Acculturation d. all of the above e. none of the above

d. all of the above

1. What are some of the common features of a Roman Castrum: a. (I) Grid oriented North-South and East-West b. (II) A forum located at the intersection of the two main axes running North-South and East-West c. (III) Surrounded by a wall d. all of them e. none of them

d. all of them

5th stage of vance model

development of trade network

spatial spread from a center of origin

diffusion

Roman single family home with a

domus

Which inventions are associated with the Second Agricultural Revolution? a. Three-field system b. Improved Plough c. Yolk d. Horseshoe e. all of the above

e.

Which of the following characterize the French colonization of North America: a. (I) Few permanent settlements b. (II) Widespread but thin trade network c. (III) Dispersed small military outposts d. (IV) Trading with native populations. e. all of the above

e. all of the above

1. At its height, the Roman Empire would have covered all or most of which of the following countries: a. (I) Spain b. (II) Portugal c. (III) France d. (IV) Greece e. all of them f. none of them

e. all of them

1. In a typical Haussman building where is the cheapest housing found? a. Mezzanine b. Second floor c. Third floor d. Fourth floor e. Fifth floor

e. fifth floor

In the African slave trade that took place between 1500 and 1870, people were resettled to which of the following geographic areas: a. (I) Brazil (both North and South) b. (II) Caribbean c. (III) South East coast of America d. I + II e. II + III f. I, II, and III

f. I, II, and III

The Knights Templar had which of the following privileges: a. (I) Presided over a charity that was exempt from taxes b. (II) Could pass freely through international borders c. (III) Exempt from all legal authority (except for the Pope) d. I + II e. II + III f. I, II, and III

f. I, II, and III

a settlement that grew outside the walls of the bourg, usually containing merchants , tradesmen, or artisans; sometimes also called a portus

faubourg

Public center of both Rome and Roman towns containing governmental buildings and temples

forum

a quarter of a city in which members of a minority group live because of legal, economic, or social constraints

ghetto

4th stage of vance model

initiation of external trade

Innovations during dark age

innovations included the invention of fireworks in China, and the writing of the canons of medicine that would form the basis of texts in modern medicine.

Roman multi-family, multi-story tenement

insula

The _______ were a group of Danes who offered to stop raiding the rest of France in exchange for a grant of land to be their new permanent home.

normans

the major open square in Venice and site of the main church

piazza san marco

3rd stage of vance model

planting of settlers

Greek city-state

polis

________ refers to the number of people per unit area of land.

population density

a construction technique where wood is used to make a box

post and beam

A ____________ is a city more than twice as large as the next in an urban system and a cultural, political, and economic center.

primate city

a bridge and district in Venice where business transactions took place

rialto

The primary daily activity of the Acropolis area of Athens was:

sacred and limited to a few people

1st stage of vance model

searching

food production in a quantity above that required for the subsistence of the producer

surplus

t or f: Food security in Rome depended on being able to obtain shipments of wheat from Egypt which could provide harvests off-season.

t

sacred precinct including a shrine or temple

temenos

2nd stage of vance model

testing of productivity

a building in the market square of Bruges where trading took place

wool hall

The division of public, sacred, and private land that occurred in Miletus is the earliest example of the practice we now know as:

zoning