geol 1550 exam 1 chapter 2

Evidence shows that periodic reversals of Earth's magnetic field have resulted in __________. apparent polar wandering interruption of Earth's gravitational field a symmetrical pattern of normal and reverse magnetization in ocean crustal rocks mass extinction of life-forms seafloor spreading

a symmetrical pattern of normal and reverse magnetization in ocean crustal rocks

If the rate and direction of plate movement remain the same for the next 50 million years, an accurate prediction would then be: Subsidence of the Himalayan Mountains Accretion of the California Terrane onto Alaska Formation of a land bridge between Australia and Antarctica Rifting of the Eurasian plate to form a juvenile ocean Suturing of the Atlantic Ocean

accretion of the himalayan mountains

Which of the following is the main reason that Earth has a magnetic field? The solid inner core spins rapidly in the opposite direction as Earth rotates. The Sun has such a powerful magnetic field that it creates a magnetic field on Earth. The solid iron-nickel inner core spins rapidly in the same direction as Earth, but much faster. Convection in the liquid iron-nickel outer core generates a magnetic field. Convection of the silicate materials in the asthenosphere generates a magnetic field.

convection in the liquid iron-nickel outer core generates a magnetic field

Iceland is located on what type of plate boundary? Continental/continental convergent Transform Oceanic/oceanic convergent Oceanic/continental Divergent

divergent

Numerous small, shallow earthquakes tend to occur at __________. oceanic/continental convergent plate boundaries oceanic/oceanic convergent plate boundaries continental/continental convergent plate boundaries divergent plate boundaries transform plate boundaries

divergent plate boundaries

Which of the following is an example of a nematath? Hawaiian Islands-Emperor Seamount Chain Mariana Islands Great Barrier Reef Iceland Aleutian Islands

hawaiian islands-emperor seamount chain

Consider the geologic fate of the following seamounts and islands in the Hawaiian Island-Emperor Seamount chain. Assuming conditions remain favorable for coral growth, which would most likely be the next to form an atoll? Loihi Oahu Hawaii Maui Kauai

kauai

Earthquakes can occur only in the __________. outer core mesosphere lithosphere crust asthenosphere

lithosphere

A trench and a chain of volcanoes known generally as a volcanic arc are always present where there is __________. a transform plate boundary a convergent plate boundary a divergent plate boundary a hot spot subduction

subduction

Compared to the rest of the planet, an unusually high concentration of hot spots and rifting is located on the continent of Africa. A likely explanation for this is that __________. the African Plate is essentially stationary with respect to Earth's interior and the thick continental crust acts as a "heat blanket" mantle plumes do not occur at divergent plate boundaries, and Africa has no divergent plate boundaries Africa is just very large the thick continental crust acts as a "heat blanket" and a large portion of Africa is located near the equator a large portion of Africa is located near the equator

the african plate is essentially stationary with respect to earth's interior and the thick continental crust acts as a "heat blanket"

Of the following statements about the age of the ocean crust, which one is true The oldest ocean crust is about 200 million years old and is located near an ocean trench. The oldest ocean crust is about 200 million years old and is located near the mid-ocean ridge. The oldest ocean crust is about 2 million years old and is located near an ocean trench. The oldest ocean crust is about 2 million years old and is located near the mid-ocean ridge. The oldest ocean crust is about 4.5 billion years old and is located near the edge of a continent.

the oldest ocean crust is about 200 million years old and is located near an ocean trench

The flat top of a guyot or tablemount in deep water is evidence that __________. the seamount is an erosional remnant of a flat abyssal plain the seamount is an extinct volcano with the crater filled by a solidified lava lake burrowing organisms have destroyed the peak of the seamount the seamount was once at the surface of the ocean, but is now submerged due to plate movement and erosion when it was near sea level the seamount has been submerged by rising sea level that resulted from global climate change

the seamount was once at the surface of the ocean, but is now submerged due to plate movement and erosion when it was near sea level

What do all plate boundaries have in common? They are all associated with an abundance of volcanic activity. They occur only on the ocean floor. They occur entirely within the middle of continents. They are all associated with zones of earthquakes. They are all located along the edges of continents.

they are all associated with zones of earthquakes

Of the following statements about sea floor magnetic anomalies, which is true? They are oriented parallel to all mountain ranges. They are oriented perpendicular to all mountain ranges. They are oriented perpendicular to the mid-ocean ridge. They are oriented parallel to the mid-ocean ridge. They are oriented perpendicular to deep sea trenches.

they are oriented parallel to the mid-ocean ridge