Geology Lab Exam
Divergent Boundary
Age of the Crust: New
Convergent Boundary
Age of the Crust: Old
Convergent Boundary
Fault Type: Reverse
Trasform Boundary
Fault Type: strike slip
Divergent Boundary
Features: ridges, fracture zone
Convergent Boundary
Features: trenches, volcanic island arcs
Hot Spots
Rock Types: bassalt, gabbro
Metamorphic Rock
The broad tundra plains of Northern Canada expose gray, massive rock that formed many kilometers below a mountain belt. This rock exposed only after the overlying rock was away
Divergent Boundary
Volcano Type: fissure
Igneous Rock
Thick flows of glowing red lava engulf farms and villages on the flanks of Mount Etna
Hot Spots
Volcanic Hazards: lava flow
Convergent Boundary
Volcano Hazards: ash, landslide, lava flow
Convergent Boundary
Volcano Shape: Cone
Hot Spots
Volcano Shape: wide/flat
Convergent Boundary
Volcano Type: Composite
Hot Spots
Volcano Type: Shield
Aquifer
a body of permeable rock that can contain or transmit groundwater.
Porosity
a measure of how much of a rock is open space
liquefaction
a phenomenon in which the strength and stiffness of a soil is reduced by earthquake shaking or other rapid loading.
Aquitard
a zone within the earth that restricts the flow of groundwater from one aquifer to another.
viscosity
ability to flow
Sedimentary Rock
along the coast, waves carry sand out into deeper, quieter water, where it accumulates and gradually becomes buried. A rock formed from sand grains cemented together
Surface Wave
causes the most destruction
sediment
consists of loose grains deprived from fragmented rock, shell fragments of mineral crystals
fine-grained
cooled fast no chance for crystals to be visible
coarse- grained
formed under the surface allowing crystals to grow
Sedimentary Rock
forms at to near the earths surface by compaction, cementation, and accumulation
intrusive
inside
Saturated Zone
is the area in an aquifer, below the water table
Unsaturated Zone
is the portion of the subsurface above the groundwater table
extrusive
outside
focus
point beneath surface where earthquake occurs
epicenter
point on surface where earthquake occurs
Well Sorted
sediments are composed primarily of grain that are similar
Poorly Sorted
sediments are usually composed of well-rounded grains because the grains have been abraded and rounded during transport
Water Table
the level below which the ground is saturated with water.
Permeability
the state or quality of a material or membrane that causes it to allow liquids or gases to pass through it.
Groundwater
water held underground in the soil or in pores and crevices in rock.
Convergent Boundary
Rocks: rhyolite, granite, obsidian, pumice
Primary Wave
fastest wave
Divergent Boundary
fault type- normal
magma
molten rock below the surface
lava
molten rock breaking the surface
