GI/ Endocrine Med Surg ATI

A nurse is planning care for a client who has viral hepatitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Provide a high carbohydrate diet.

A nurse is planning care for a client who has end-stage cirrhosis of the liver with encephalopathy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to implement to decrease the client's ammonia level?

Reduce the client's intake of protein.

A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has a long history of diabetes mellitus and is being admitted to the emergency department confused, flushed, and with an acetone odor on the breath. Diabetic ketoacidosis is suspected. The nurse should anticipate using which of the following types of insulin to treat this client?

Regular insulin

A nurse is monitoring a client who is postoperative following a thyroidectomy. Which of the following data should the nurse identify as the priority to monitor?

Airway patency

A nurse is teaching an older adult client who has diabetes mellitus about preventing the long-term complications of retinopathy and nephropathy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

"Maintain stable blood glucose levels."

A nurse working for a home health agency is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus about disease management. Which of the following glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values should the nurse include in the teaching as an indicator that the client is appropriately controlling his glucose levels?

6.3%

A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about foot care. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I'll check my feet every day for sores and bruises."

A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of hypoglycemia?

Cool, clammy skin

A nurse is assessing a client who is 48 hr postoperative following abdominal surgery. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

Yellow-green drainage on the surgical incision

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is at risk for developing diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize that which of the following results indicates the client meets the criteria for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus?

Fasting blood glucose 155 mg/dL

A nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who reports feeling shaky and having palpitations. When the nurse finds the client's blood glucose to be 48 mg/dL on the glucometer, he should give the client which of the following?

Graham crackers

A nurse is caring for a client who has cirrhosis and has a prescription for bumetanide. When delivering the client's lunch tray, which of the following items should the nurse identify as contraindicated for the client?

Ham sandwich

A nurse is assessing a client who is African-American and has jaundice. Which of the following areas is the most reliable for the nurse to inspect the client for jaundice?

Hard palate

A nurse is caring for a client who has diverticular disease. When palpating the client's abdomen, in which of the following locations should the nurse expect the client to report abdominal pain?

Lower left quadrant

A nurse is administering a tap water enema to a client who is constipated. During the administration of the enema, the client states he is having abdominal cramps. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to relieve the client's discomfort?

Lower the height of the solution container.

A nurse is teaching a client who has hepatitis A. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Manifestations of the virus are similar to flu-like symptoms.

A nurse is administering morphine 2 mg IV every 2 to 4 hr to a client who has an abdominal incision. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

Orthostatic hypotension

A nurse is assessing a client who is being admitted from the PACU following an abdominal hysterectomy. Which of the following assessments is the nurse's priority?

Oxygen saturation

A nurse is assessing a client who is 3 days postoperative following abdominal surgery and notes the absence of bowel sounds, abdominal distention, and the client passing no flatus. Which of the following conditions should the nurse suspect?

Paralytic ileus

A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes insipidus. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of this diagnosis?

Tachycardia

A nurse is caring for a client who reports having chronic constipation. Which of the following herbal supplements should the nurse recommend?

Flaxseed

A nurse is assessing a client who has hyperthyroidism. The nurse should expect the client to report which of the following manifestations?

Frequent mood changes

A nurse is caring for a client who is 8 hr postoperative following a subtotal thyroidectomy. In which of the following positions should the nurse keep the client?

Semi-Fowler's with neck in a neutral position

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for four clients. The nurse should recognize which of the following clients has a manifestation of hypoparathyroidism?

A client who has a phosphate of 5.7 mg/dL

A nurse is assessing clients in a health clinic for risk factors for contracting hepatitis. Which of the following clients is at risk for developing hepatitis C?

A client who has multiple tattoos

A nurse is planning care for a client who has hepatitis B. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?

Encourage short periods of ambulation.

A nurse is planning care for a client who states he is anxious concerning abdominal surgery. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Encourage the client to express negative emotions.

A nurse is assessing a client who has hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Lethargy

A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and a blood glucose level of 925 mg/dL. The nurse should anticipate which of the following prescriptions from the provider?

0.9% sodium chloride IV bolus

A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following interventions should the nurse expect to perform?

Assess blood glucose level

A nurse is assessing a client who is postoperative and finds the client's abdominal incision has eviscerated. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Cover the wound with a sterile saline-soaked dressing.

A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about exercise. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Do not exercise if ketones are present in your urine.

A nurse is assessing a client who will undergo abdominal surgery in 2 hr. The client reports being nervous about the surgery, last had food and fluids at 2330 the previous evening, and signed the surgical consent 2 days ago. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing action regarding these findings?

Document the findings in the client's medical record.

A nurse is caring for a client who has liver cirrhosis with ascites, bleeding esophageal varices, and portal hypertension. The nurse recognizes which of the following laboratory findings as indicating the client's gastrointestinal (GI) tract is digesting and absorbing blood?

Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

A nurse is evaluating the laboratory report for a client who has severe diarrhea and a fever. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the client has a parasitic infection rather than a bacterial infection?

Elevated eosinophil count

A nurse is preparing to administer lispro insulin to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Inject insulin 15 minutes before a meal.

A nurse is reviewing guidelines to prevent DKA during periods of illness with a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

"Check your urine for ketones when blood glucose levels are greater than 240 mg/dL."

A nurse is teaching a class about preventive care to clients who are at risk for acquiring viral hepatitis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the presentation?

Avoid foods prepared with tap water.

A nurse is assessing a female client who is at risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should identify that which of the following manifestations increases the client's risk for developing type 2 diabetes?

Blood pressure 138/98 mm Hg

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following abdominal surgery. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse the client's peristalsis is returning?

Passage of flatus

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism. The nurse should include in the teaching that the client is at risk for which of the following complications?

Pathologic fractures

A nurse is caring for client who just returned from the PACU with an IV fluid infusion and an NG tube in place following abdominal surgery. Which of the following data is the priority for the nurse to assess?

The surgical dressing

A nurse in a clinic is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has primary hypothyroidism. The nurse should anticipate an elevation of which of the following laboratory values?

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 day postoperative following a thyroidectomy and reports severe muscle spasms of the lower extremities. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Verify the most recent calcium level.

A nurse is assessing a client who has hypothyroidism. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?

Weight gain

A nurse is caring for a client who has uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Weight loss.

A nurse is assisting a client who has hypothyroidism with meal planning. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend that the client add to her diet?

Whole grains

A nurse is providing instructions for a 52-year-old client who is scheduled for a colonoscopy. The client reports that he has not had the procedure before and is very anxious about feeling pain during the procedure. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

"Before the examination, your provider will give you a sedative that will make you sleepy."

A nurse is teaching about self-monitoring to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I will check my blood glucose every 4 hours when I am sick."

A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus about the manifestations of hypoglycemia. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I will feel shaky."

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of Type 1 diabetes mellitus about self-administration of insulin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

"Store the current bottle of insulin at room temperature."

A nurse is teaching a client who is taking metformin XR for type II diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

"Take the medication with a meal."

A nurse is talking with a client whose thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level will be measured. Which of the following statements by the nurse explains the purpose of this test?

"This test determines whether your thyroid gland is overactive, appropriately active, or underactive."

A nurse is teaching about levothyroxine with a client who has primary hypothyroidism. Which of the following statements should the nurse use when teaching the client?

"Tremors, nervousness, and insomnia may indicate your dose is too high."

A nurse is performing a monofilament sensory assessment of a client who has diabetes mellitus. When performing this assessment, for which of the following complications is the nurse monitoring?

Neuropathy

A nurse is caring for a client who had total thyroidectomy and a serum calcium level of 7.6 mg/dL. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Tingling of the extremities

A client is about to undergo an abdominal paracentesis. In which of the following positions should the nurse place the client?

Upright

A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes insipidus. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Urine specific gravity 1.002

A nurse administers desmopressin to a client who has a diagnosis of diabetes insipidus. The nurse recognizes that which the following laboratory findings indicate a therapeutic effect of the medication?

Urine specific gravity 1.015

A nurse is caring for a client 1 hr following a subtotal thyroidectomy. In which of the following positions should the nurse place the client?

Semi-Fowler's

A nurse is providing teaching about foot care for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I should buy new shoes late in the day."

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client following an abdominal hysterectomy. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

"You should refrain from sexual intercourse for at least 4 weeks."

A client who has Type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse, "Why did I develop diabetes?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

"Your body has insulin resistance and decreased insulin secretion."

A nurse is caring for a client with diabetes mellitus who is prescribed regular insulin via a sliding scale. After administering the correct dose at 0715, the nurse should ensure the client receives breakfast at which of the following times?

0745

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a diabetes mellitus about carbohydrate intake needs when exercising. Which of the following foods should the nurse include as containing a 15 g serving of carbohydrates?

1 cup of milk

A nurse is assisting a group of clients in an outpatient clinic. For which of the following clients should the nurse anticipate scheduling a colonoscopy?

51-year-old who is being seen for an annual physical examination

A nurse observes mild hand tremors in a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take after obtaining a glucose meter reading of 60 mg/dL?

Administer 15 g of carbohydrates.

A nurse is planning care for a client who has cirrhosis of the liver. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan? (Select all that apply.)

Administer furosemide. Implement a low-sodium diet. Measure the client's abdominal girth.

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following abdominal surgery. The nurse discovers a loop of bowel through an opening in the surgical incision. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Apply moistened sterile gauze to the site.

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has had a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for uterine cancer. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Artificial lubrication can be used to treat vaginal itching and dryness.

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize that the client understands the teaching when he identifies which of the following as manifestations of hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply.)

Blurred vision, tachycardia, moist/clammy skin

A nurse is planning care for a client who is postoperative following a thyroidectomy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?

Check the client's voice every 2 hr.

A nurse is planning care for a client who has a new diagnosis of diabetes insipidus. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Check urine specific gravity.

A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 day postoperative following a subtotal thyroidectomy. The client reports a tingling sensation in the hands, the soles of the feet, and around the lips. For which of the following findings should the nurse assess the client?

Chvostek's sign

A nurse is assessing a client who has hypoparathyroidism. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Client report of numbness in his hands

A nurse is caring for a client who is 2 days postoperative following abdominal surgery and observes that the client's wound has eviscerated. After calling for help, Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Cover the area with a sterile dressing, moistened with 0.9% sodium chloride irrigation.

A nurse is assessing a client 1 day postoperative following abdominal surgery. Suddenly the client reports a pulling sensation and pain in his surgical incision. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Cover the area with saline-soaked sterile dressings.

A nurse is assessing a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Hyperpigmentation

A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing's syndrome. The nurse should recognize that which of the following are manifestations of Cushing's syndrome? (Select all that apply.)

Hypertension Moon face Purple striations Buffalo hump

A nurse is assessing a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and finds the client lying in bed, sweating, and reporting feeling anxious. Which of the following complications should the nurse suspect?

Hypoglycemia

A nurse is teaching about disease management for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

I give the insulin injections in my abdominal area.

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has constipation. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Increase probiotic foods in daily diet. Increase daily exercise. Increase fluid intake to 1500mL daily.

A nurse is caring for a client who has esophageal varices and is hypotensive after vomiting 500 mL of blood. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?

Increase the client's IV fluid rate.

A nurse is caring for a client who has bleeding esophageal varices and is being treated with a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform?

Maintain constant observation while the balloons are inflated.

A nurse is caring for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse misread the client's morning blood glucose level as 210 mg/dL instead of 120 mg/dL and administered the insulin dose appropriate for a reading over 200 mg/dL before the client's breakfast. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?

Monitor the client for hypoglycemia.

A nurse is caring for a client following an abdominal surgery. The client has a prescription for dressing changes every 4 hr and as needed. Which of the following objects should the nurse use to reduce skin irritation around the incision area?

Montgomery straps

A nurse is teaching a client who has hepatitis A about preventing transmission of the virus. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include in the teaching?

Practice effective hand hygiene.

A nurse is assessing a client who is admitted with hyperthyroidism. The client reports a weight loss of 5.4 kg (12 lb) in the last 2 months, increased appetite, increased perspiration, fatigue, menstrual irregularity, and restlessness. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent a thyroid crisis?

Provide a quiet, low-stimulus environment.

A nurse is caring for a client who was admitted with bleeding esophageal varices and has an esophagogastric balloon tamponade with a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube to control the bleeding. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Provide frequent oral and nares care.

A nurse is preparing a teaching session about reducing the risk of complications of diabetes mellitus. Which of the following information should the nurse plan to include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Reduce cholesterol and saturated fat intake. Increase physical activity and daily exercise. Enroll in a smoking-cessation program. Maintain optimal blood pressure to prevent kidney damage.

A nurse is teaching self-management to a client who has hepatitis B. Which of the following Instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Rest frequently throughout the day.

A nursing is providing dietary teaching for a client who has Cushing's disease. Which of the following recommendations should nurse include in the teaching?

Restrict sodium intake.

A nurse is changing the dressing of a client who is 1 week postoperative following abdominal surgery and notes the presence of serosanguineous drainage. The nurse should recognize that this is an indication of which of the following circumstances?

Serosanguineous drainage at this time is a manifestation of possible dehiscence.

A nurse is teaching a group of middle adult clients about early detection of colorectal cancer. The nurse should include the American Cancer Society recommendation that men and women beginning at age 50 who are at average risk should have a fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and a colonoscopy at which of the following intervals?

Ten years

A nurse is assessing a client who received IV conscious sedation for a colonoscopy. Which of the following findings indicated that the client is ready for discharge?

The client is cooperative and oriented.

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for four clients. The nurse should recognize that which of the following clients has a manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism?

The client who has an increased magnesium level

A nurse is assessing a client who has hypokalemia as a result of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Weak, irregular pulse