GI PrepU (ch 45)

The nurse is discussing the treatment of congenital aganglionic megacolon with the caregivers of a child diagnosed with this disorder. Which statement is the best explanation of the treatment for this diagnosis? "We will give enemas until clear and then teach you how to do these at home." "The treatment for the disorder will be a surgical procedure." "Your child will receive counseling so the underlying concerns will be addressed." "Your child will be treated with oral iron preparations to correct the anemia."

"The treatment for the disorder will be a surgical procedure."

The nurse completes a 1-month-old's feeding and sits the infant up to burp. The infant vomits back the feeding. Which is the nurse's primary concern? Aspiration Stomach irritation Stunted growth Nutritional deficiency

Aspiration

A child is diagnosed with intussusception. The nurse anticipates that what action would be attempted first to reduce this condition? Surgery Barium enema Upper endoscopy Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Barium enema

The nurse is providing care to a child with an intussusception. The child has a bowel movement and the nurse inspects the stool. The nurse would most likely document the stool's appearance as having what quality? Clay-colored Currant jelly-like Greasy Bloody

Currant jelly-like

A preschooler has celiac disease. The parent is preparing a gluten-free diet. The nurse knows that the parent understands the diet when the parent prepares which breakfast foods? Rye toast and peanut butter Cheerios (oat cereal) and skim milk Wheat toast and grape jelly Eggs and orange juice

Eggs and orange juice

The parents of a 6-week-old boy come to the clinic for evaluation because the infant has been vomiting. The parents report that the vomiting has been increasing in frequency and forcefulness over the last week. The mother says, "Sometimes, it seems like it just bursts out of his mouth." A diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is suspected. When performing the physical examination, what would the nurse most likely find? Hard, moveable, olive-shaped mass in the right upper quadrant Sausage-shaped mass in the upper mid-abdomen Abdominal pain in the epigastric or umbilical region Tenderness over the McBurney point in the right lower quadrant

Hard, moveable, olive-shaped mass in the right upper quadrant With hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, a hard, moveable, olive-shaped mass would be palpated in the right upper quadrant. A sausage-shaped mass in the upper mid-abdomen would suggest intussusception. Tenderness over the McBurney point would be associated with appendicitis. Epigastric or umbilical pain would be associated with peptic ulcer disease

A neonatal nurse teaches students how to recognize gastrointestinal disorders in infants. The nurse tells the students that failure of the newborn to pass meconium in the first 24 hours after birth may indicate what disease? Short bowel syndrome (SBS) Gastroenteritis Hirschsprung disease Ulcerative colitis (UC)

Hirschsprung disease

The nurse is teaching an in-service program to a group of nurses on the topic of gastrointestinal disorders. The nurses in the group make the following statements. Which statement is most accurate related to the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux? A thickened, elongated muscle causes an obstruction at the end of the stomach. In this disorder the sphincter that leads into the stomach is relaxed. There are recurrent paroxysmal bouts of abdominal pain. A partial or complete intestinal obstruction occurs.

In this disorder the sphincter that leads into the stomach is relaxed.

A young child has presented to the pediatric unit with a swollen abdomen, edema, thin patchy hair, and irritability with growth retardation and muscle wasting. The nurse suspects a malnutrition disorder. The nurse identifies this child to most likely have which condition? Vitamin D deficiency Marasmus Kwashiorkor Thiamine deficiency Vitamin C deficiency

Kwashiorkor

The nurse has developed a plan of care for a 12-month-old hospitalized with dehydration as a result of rotavirus. Which intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care? Maintaining the intravenous (IV) fluid rate as ordered Encouraging milk products to boost caloric intake Offering Kool-Aid or popsicles as tolerated Encouraging consumption of fruit juice

Maintaining the intravenous (IV) fluid rate as ordered

The nurse is caring for a child admitted with congenital aganglionic megacolon. Which clinical manifestation would likely have been noted in the child with this diagnosis? Chronic cough Irregular breathing Prolonged bleeding Persistent constipation

Persistent constipation

The nurse is examining a 7-year-old with suspected appendicitis. Which physical findings would indicate the possibility of appendicitis? Persistent, right lower quadrant pain with rebound tenderness Diffuse, intermittent abdominal pain Intermittent, left lower quadrant pain with rebound tenderness Tenderness that comes and goes in the lower abdomen

Persistent, right lower quadrant pain with rebound tenderness

The nurse is caring for a child admitted with pyloric stenosis. Which clinical manifestation would likely have been noted in the child with this diagnosis? Explosive diarrhea Severe abdominal pain Frequent urination Projectile vomiting

Projectile vomiting

What occurs in the gastrointestinal system of the child with Hirschsprung disease? There is a partial or complete mechanical obstruction in the intestine. There is an invagination or telescoping of one portion of the bowel into a distal portion. There is a relaxed sphincter in the lower portion of the esophagus. There is a severe narrowing of the lumen of the pylorus.

There is a partial or complete mechanical obstruction in the intestine.

In understanding the disease of marasmus when seen in children, the nurse recognizes that the disease is caused because of which of the following? deficiency of protein and calories excess of protein and calories deficiency of vitamin C and iron excess of vitamin C and iron

deficiency of protein and calories