Government Midterm

Abolishes slavery

13th amendment

Allows a federal income tax

16th amendment

Which of the following authorized the federal government to collect an income tax

16th amendment

protects freedom of the press

1st amendment

limits a president to two terms in office

22nd amendment

allows the people in the district of Columbia to vote in presidential elections

23rd amendment

lowers the voting age to 18

26th amendment

protects citizens right to bear arms

2nd amendment

Opposed the ratification of the constitution

Antifederalists

The nation's first constitution, adopted June 12, 1777

Articles of Confederation

First ten amendments to the constitution

Bill of rights

Based off quote " Men attend to the interests of the public, first by necessity, afterwards by choice; what was intentional becomes instinct, and by dint of working for the good of one's fellow citizens, the habit and the taste for serving them are at length acquired." What societal characteristic is Alexis de Tocueville describing

Commitment to the common good

Which of the following was a weakness of the Articles of Confederation

Congress lacked the power to tax

Which of the following is an example of legislative action

Congress passes a law to create a new government agency

At the Constitutional Convention, the Virginia plan called for a unicameral national legislature

False

Shay's Rebellion demonstrated the strength and power of the Confederation Congress in dealing with a crisis

False

Essays written in support of the ratification of the constitution

Federalist papers

Supported ratification of the Constitution

Federalists

Which of the following factors led to the passage of the 22nd amendment limiting presidents o two terms

Franklin Roosevelt's stay in office

Economic system in which people are free to engage in economic activity with minimal government interference

Free enterprise

What does it mean when we say that presidential elections are "winner take all" in a state

If they get the popular vote in that state they get all of the electoral votes for that state

The 1803 landmark Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison established which principle

Judicial review

One of the earliest English efforts toward limited government

Magna Carta

The framers took the idea of separation of powers from which philosopher

Montesquieu

Created a system for admitting new states to the union

Northwest Ordinance

Which of the following was the confederation congress's greatest success

Passage of the northwest ordinance

Why did large states favor the Virginia Plan

Representation in the legislature would be based on population

Revolt of Massachusetts farmers led by a former Revolutionary War captain

Shays Rebellion

What level of government controls almost everything about elections in the U.S.

State

What are some ways that states act to limit who can vote

States can restrict voting requirements and deny felons the right to vote

Why was the Great Compromise acceptable to the smaller states

States would be represented equally in the Senate

In the preamble, what does the phrase ' form a more perfect union' mean

Strengthen the relationship among the states

reserves power to the states (or the people)

Tenth Amendment

Which of the following is describes a con federal system

The central government has only the powers given to it by the states

Why did the colonists resent the taxes imposed by parliament beginning in 1764

The colonists had no representation in parliament

Why do we have elections in the United States

The country is to big and complex to hold referendums

Why did Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison write the federalist papers

They wrote the articles in defense of the new constitution

Why would a person not vote for the third party candidate even if they like them

Third party candidates usually don't win elections

Which philosopher argued that government must have great power to force obedience to its laws and to defend itself

Thomas Hobbes

The framers were influenced by both Enlightenment thought and Judeo-Christian beliefs

True

Called for a bicameral legislature

Virginia Plan

Republican ideas can be traced back to which of the following

ancient Greece and Rome

The form of government in which one person controls most of the governing decisions is an

autocracy

The first ten amendments to the constitution are traditionally called the

bill of rights

What is the name of the group of executive department heads who advise the president

cabinet

What is the main responsibility of executive branch agencies

carry out programs assigned by Congress

Thomas Jefferson argued in the Declaration of Independence that, if a government disregards the will of the people, the people are free to do which of the following

change their government

Principle that gives each branch of government ways to limit the other two branches

checks and balances

What principle of American democracy is exemplified when people vote, obey the law, serve on juries, keep informed about current issues, or volunteer for social services

citizen participation

What principle of American democracy is at work when two opposing groups relax some of their demands in an attempt to reach an agreement

compromise

According to the three-fifths compromise, three-fifths of the state's slave population would be

counted when determining representation in Congress and taxes to the federal government

Which of the following is a legislative power that is part of the system of checks and balances

declaring war

System of government in which one person holds unlimited power over government usually by force

dictatorship

What did the framers want to achieve by establishing the principle of federalism in the Constitution

distribution of state and national powers

theory in which a ruler answers only to God

divine right of kings

body of people that elects the president

electoral college

The power to carry out, enforce, and administer the law is known as

executive power

The Articles of Confederation provided a strong national government with extensive powers over the states

false

( look at diagram on chapter 1 test) Which system of government is represented by the illustration in the center of the graphic

federal

system of government in which power is shared between national and smaller, regional levels of government

federal

Parliament imposed a series of taxes on the colonies beginning n 1764 in order to

help pay Britain's debts resulting from the French and Indian War

What ideal did the Antifederalists find the constitution lacked

individual rights

"all men are created equal" reflects the founders' commitment to which principle

individual worth

What power does the judicial branch of the government hold

interpreting laws

What did the Constitution do about the Atlantic slave trade

it barred Congress from banning the slave trade for 20 years

What has been the general effect of constitutional amendments about who can vote

it expands who can vote

Which power involves the authority to interpret the laws and to settle disputes between members of society

judicial

Power to interpret the laws and to settle disputes between members of society

judicial power

The power of the court to decide whether a law or action is constitutional

judicial review

Rulers who are seen as right and proper by key segments of their nations population have

legitimacy

political rights held by less than half of the population

minority rights

system of government headed by one person, such as a king or queen

monarchy

Rights that all people possess by virtue of being human

natural rights

rule by few

oligarchy

The executive and legislative branches of government are fused in which type of government

parliamentary

system of government led by a prime minister

parliamentary

Integral to the ideal of self government is the notion that ultimate government authority comes from

people

What do people vote for in elections

people

Group that presents candidates and programs to voters

political party

Process by which a government makes and carries out decisions

politics

The phrase 'We the people' relates to which of the following principles of the Constitution

popular sovereignty

principle that the ultimate political power remains with the people

popular sovereignty

Which of the following are characteristics of a state

population and sovereignty

The main purpose of the Bill of Rights is to

protect individual freedoms

Americans believe that a balance should be struck between majority rule and

protecting minority rights

needs and interests of the people as a whole

public good

to cancel or revoke a law

repeal

The people are the ultimate source of authority in which governmental system

republic

Delegates gathered in Philadelphia in May 1787 to do what

revise the Articles of Confederation

the duties of governing are divided among three branches under the principle of

separation of powers

Which theory holds that the first governments formed as a result of the people agreeing among themselves to submit to the authority of a state

social contract theory

The supreme power of a state to act within its territory and have absolute power over its internal and external affairs is called

sovereignty

Under the Articles of Confederation, most governmental power was retained by which

states

Who has the ultimate authority to decide whether or not a federal law or action is constitutional

supreme court

The stamp act marked Parliament's first attempt to

tax the colonists directly

Combined elements from both Virginia and New Jersey plans

the great compromise

Which of the following is one way an amendment to the Constitution can be ratified

three fourths of state legislatures

The competition of elections provides incentives for people to tell the truth about themselves

true

Which of the following is a power the executive branch has to check the legislative branch

veto

One of the types of injustices included int the original Constitution and addressed by amendments is

voting rights