Government Unit 2 Answers PHS

(Q1) What advantage did the Framers intend in establishing the Electoral College?

Knowledgeable, informed electors could select a President based on merit and not along party or state lines.

(L1) Select TWO statements describing the Great Compromise.

It included a bicameral Congress Representation was equally distributed in the upper house and based on population in the lower house.

(L2) Why was Article VII important in the ratification of the Constitution?

It provided a reasonable way for 9 of the 13 states to ratify the Constitution.

(L3) Who is being described by the following comments?

James Madison

(Q1) ____ was an author of The Federalist Papers, supporter of the ten amendments of the Bill of Rights, and father of the Constitution.

James Madison

(L2) A pen name used by a person to hide his identity is a(n) ___.

pseudonym

(Q1) In a ______ democracy, citizens choose men or women to represent them in the government.

representative

(L6) The powers guaranteed to the states are referred to as ____ powers.

reserved

(L3) Which principle was James Madison describing when he wrote the following in The Federalist No. 51: "If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary. In framing a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this: you must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place oblige it to control itself."?

separation of powers and a system of checks and balances

(L6) Who becomes President if the President and vice president are unable to fulfill their duties?

speaker of the House

(Q1) The Virginia Plan supported ____.

strong state governments

(L3) Select the THREE parts of the Constitution.

the Preamble seven articles Bill of Rights and other amendments

(L2) Select THREE reasons why the Electoral College was created.

to select electors who were knowledgeable and informed on issues that affected all states to find nonpolitical representatives who would make decisions in the best interests of the country to give representation to all people through electors

(Proj. 2) Article I of the U.S. constitution allows Congress to borrow money.

true

(Proj. 2) Article I of the U.S. constitution allows Congress to determine how aliens become citizens and to pass laws relating to bankruptcy.

true

(Proj. 2) Article I of the U.S. constitution allows Congress to establish and require the use of uniform measurements, including money.

true

(Proj. 2) Article I of the U.S. constitution allows Congress to exercise authority over places purchased by the state's approval.

true

(Proj. 2) Article I of the U.S. constitution allows Congress to make all laws that are necessary to carry out the execution of the laws granted to Congress by the Constitution.

true

(Proj. 2) Article I of the U.S. constitution allows Congress to make rules to regulate the armed forces and the navy.

true

(Proj. 2) Article I of the U.S. constitution allows Congress to provide for and maintain a navy.

true

(Proj. 2) Article I of the U.S. constitution allows Congress to provide for and maintain national armed forces.

true

(Proj. 2) Article I of the U.S. constitution allows Congress to regulate foreign and interstate trade.

true

(Proj. 2) Article I of the U.S. constitution allows Congress to train and organize the military while giving states the right to appoint officers.

true

(L6) Why was Marbury v. Madison a landmark court ruling?

It established a precedent for informal amendments through the Court's interpretation of the Constitution.

(L1) A(n) ____ is an official period of waiting or delay.

moratorium

(L4) James Madison argued in The Federalist No. 39 that the national and state governments were not intended to be "____."

mutual rivals and enemies

(L2) The Federalist Papers were ___ ratification of the U.S. Constitution.

85 essays written by members of the Constitutional Convention who supported

(L5) Why is the Tenth Amendment important to states?

AMV My answer: The Tenth Amendment limited the national government to the enumerated powers (delegated in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution); inferred that state governments had authority in the areas of education, welfare programs, and fire and police protection.

(L2) Choose the THREE authors of The Federalist Papers.

Alexander Hamilton John Jay James Madison

(L2) What was a major difference between the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution?

Amending the Articles required all of the states' approval while amending the Constitution required approval from only nine states.

(Q1) ____ were opposed to the ratification of the Constitution because they feared a strong central government like the one they endured under English rule.

Anti-Federalists

(L2) Select TWO reasons why Anti-Federalists did not support the ratification of the Constitution.

Anti-Federalists opposed the concentration of power in a central national government instead of in the states. The Constitution lacked a bill of rights.

(L4) Why is the Necessary and Proper Clause also called the Elastic Clause?

It allows Congress to stretch or adapt its powers to accomplish its constitutional responsibilities.

(Proj. 2) Why is the Elastic Clause important?

It allows the federal government to extend its implied powers to execute powers delegated to it.

(L6) What does the graphic describe? (demanded by the states before they would ratify) (supported by the Anti-Federalists) (ensured rights and liberties of the individual) (was added to limit national government power)

Bill of Rights

(L4) Choose whether the below statements are an Advantage or Disadvantage of a federal system of government. Advantage Disadvantage Advantage Disadvantage Disadvantage Advantage Advantage Advantage

Choose whether the below statements are an Advantage or Disadvantage of a federal system of government. Personal liberties and freedoms are protected. Special interest groups have some political power. Individuals may participate in more levels of government. The citizens may not be nationally united because the state and national governments might conflict. Discrimination of people is often hidden. It prevents power from being centralized within one level. It unifies the states against threats from others, as well as natural disasters. It better addresses people's needs because of the various levels of government.

(Q1) Select the answer that best completes the graphic. (no laws against slave trade made for 20 years) (no tax on state exports) (limitations on slave trade importation after 1808)

Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise

(L1) Select TWO statements describing the Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise.

Congress could not make laws against the slave trade for at least 20 years. Congress could limit slave imports after 1808.

(L4) What is an implied power?

Congressional powers that are not specifically listed in the Constitution.

(L4) What is an expressed power?

Congressional powers that are specifically listed in the Constitution.

(L4) Select TWO questions that surfaced regarding the case of McCulloch v. Maryland that had to be resolved by the Supreme Court.

Did Congress have the implied powers to establish a national bank if that right was not expressed in the Constitution? Did states have the right to override the powers of Congress?

(L1) Select TWO statements describing the Three-Fifths Compromise.

Each slave counted as a partial person. It required taxes on slaves who were counted in the population.

(L5) Select TWO ways that federalism has impacted government.

Federalism has created a dual court system giving states the right to handle their own cases while reserving power for the federal court system. Federalism has guaranteed representation for the people in the government.

(Q1) "The proposed Constitution, therefore, is, in strictness, neither a national nor a federal Constitution, but a composition of both" is a statement likely taken from the ___.

Federalist Papers

(Q1) City officials refusing to allow citizens to hold public meetings in a public park for any reason is a violation of the ____ Amendment.

First

(Q1) Which description is NOT a fact about George Washington?

Framer who conceived of the Great Compromise

(L1) The diagram describes ___.

George Washington

(Q1) Select the answer that best completes the graphic. (bicameral congress) (house of representatives based on population) (senate representation equally distributed)

Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise)

(L1) Select THREE facts about James Madison.

His detailed notes are a valuable source document from the Constitutional Convention. He was the author of the Virginia Plan. He became known as the father of the Constitution.

(L3) The ______ Supreme Court decision said evidence may not be admitted in a court case if its seizure violated the Fourth Amendment.

Mapp v. Ohio

(L2) The graphic refers to the ____ Compromise.

Massachusetts

(Q1) Match the amendments from the Bill of Rights with the descriptions. First Amendment Second Amendment Fourth Amendment Sixth Amendment Seventh Amendment Eighth Amendment

Match the amendments from the Bill of Rights with the descriptions. People have a right to freedom of religion, press, speech, and assembly, and may also petition the government. People have the right to own a weapon to protect themselves. The government cannot arrest one or search one's property without probable cause. A person has the right to a fair trial in civil cases. A person has the right to a trial by jury. The government cannot demand excessive bails or use cruel and unusual punishment.

(L3) Match the constitutional articles and amendments with the descriptions. Article V Article VII First Amendment Fourth Amendment Second Amendment Fifth Amendment Nineteenth Amendment

Match the constitutional articles and amendments with the descriptions. provides method by which Constitution can be amended gives the number of states needed to ratify the Constitution cannot establish a religion or prevent others from exercising their religions right to be secure in person and homes against unreasonable searches and seizures the right of the people to keep and bear arms establishes that no one can be forced to testify against themselves in criminal trials granted women the right to vote

(L3) Match the descriptions with the numbers. 27 7 3 10

Match the descriptions with the numbers. the number of times the Constitution has been amended the number of articles in the Constitution the number of articles that provide the duties of each branch of government the number of amendments that enumerate natural rights and liberties of the populace

(Proj. 1) Match the examples with the amendments. Sixth Amendment Seventh Amendment Eighth Amendment Ninth Amendment Tenth Amendment

Match the examples with the amendments. John's family could not afford a defense attorney, so the state appointed one to represent him. Even though Jamal was only contesting a traffic ticket, he requested a trial by jury. Some states consider the death penalty to be cruel and unusual punishment. Those that allow it seek ways to make it humane. This amendment has been used to extend rights to groups not specifically mentioned in the U.S. Constitution. The states and local governments can establish tax-funded schools.

(Proj. 1) Match the examples with the amendments. First Amendment Second Amendment Third Amendment Fourth Amendment Fifth Amendment

Match the examples with the amendments. The Constitution Party will be meeting for a political rally in a nearby park to urge Americans to return the government back to "We the People." They will hold rallies encouraging people to protest the lack of representation of the people by the two-party system (Democrats and Republicans) and to express their discontent with the government's lack of fiscal responsibility. Amanda keeps a rifle in a secure location in her home for protection of her family and property. The idea of allowing soldiers to quarter in our homes is foreign to us today, but was born out of the experience of having to quarter British soldiers before the American Revolution. During a routine traffic stop, a police officer asked to look inside the trunk of Eric's car. Eric declined and reminded the officer that he would require a search warrant to do so. Joanna exercised her right not to testify against herself in court during her criminal case.

(L3) Match the scenarios with the amendments. Some answers will be used more than once. First Amendment Fifth Amendment Fourth Amendment Fifth Amendment; Eighth Amendment Twenty-Second Amendment Seventeenth Amendment

Match the scenarios with the amendments. Some answers will be used more than once. Believing that abortion ends a human life, demonstrators march peacefully outside federal buildings while displaying signs against the practice. The police raid a nearby hotel looking for illegal aliens who might be working in the country. Police hold the suspected aliens in jail for three months without any representation. City officials promote a plan to create a "weapon-free" town. However, a court strikes down the town's plans for surprise, random searches of homes and cars for weapons to confiscate. The government has detained American citizens suspected of terrorist activity. To get the suspects to talk, the government agents have used waterboards that simulate drowning and threats to get information from these suspected terrorists. (There are two amendments for this.) After serving two terms, the President of the United States leaves office according to law. Voters go to the polls to elect a senator to represent their state in the U.S. Senate.

(L1) Match the statements with the Constitutional Convention compromises. Some answers will be used more than once. New Jersey Plan Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise Virginia Plan Great Compromise New Jersey Plan

Match the statements with the Constitutional Convention compromises. Some answers will be used more than once. supported by smaller states states wanted to include three-fifths of slaves in population count presented by Edmund Randolph bicameral Congress with equal representation in the upper house and representation by population in the lower house had a limited judiciary with no jurisdiction over America citizens

(L1) Match the statements with the Constitutional Convention compromises. Some answers will be used more than once. Virginia Plan Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise Virginia Plan New Jersey Plan New Jersey Plan New Jersey Plan New Jersey Plan

Match the statements with the Constitutional Convention compromises. Some answers will be used more than once. supported by the larger states who wanted strong state governments stated that Congress couldn't act on the slave trade for 20 years based congressional representation on population size and taxes paid presented by William Paterson a unicameral Congress, like that under the Articles a plural executive equal representation in Congress

(L6) Match the statements with the articles. Answers may be used more than once. Amendment I Amendment IV Amendment III Amendment III Amendment II Amendment IV

Match the statements with the articles. Answers may be used more than once. defines implied powers recognizes states' and national government's powers and limitations established the Supreme Court highlighted by Marbury v. Madison case made the President the Commander in Chief ensures states' protection against foreign invasion and domestic violence

(L6) Match the statements with the articles. Answers may be used more than once. Amendment IV Amendment II Amendment III Amendment I Amendment II (?) Amendment III Amendment I

Match the statements with the articles. Answers may be used more than once. recognizes the power and limitations of the states' republican form of government outlines impeachment process implied judicial review contains the Elastic Clause lists the executive powers and duties established lower federal courts addresses legislative powers and duties

(L5) Match the statements with the types of federalism. Answers will be used more than once. creative federalism cooperative federalism new federalism creative federalism [new federalism] dual federalism [dual federalism] [creative federalism] cooperative federalism [dual federalism] new federalism new federalism

Match the statements with the types of federalism. Answers will be used more than once. President Johnson's Great Society initiatives "marble cake federalism" system under which states regained power but assumed responsibility for funding entitlements "picket fence federalism" distinct and separate sovereignty of each level of government with no overlap of responsibility "layered cake federalism" form of federalism that ushered in the Great Depression system under which states were more confident and reliant upon themselves form of federalism that provided assistance to the states through grants-in-aid form of federalism that created a relationship of interaction between the state and national government; a sharing of power form of federalism currently in existence today "on your own federalism"

(L2) Match the terms and people with the descriptions. John Adams The Federalist No. 10 New Hampshire George Mason James Madison George Washington

Match the terms and people with the descriptions. first vice president of the United States essay about limiting of the executive branch to four years ninth state to ratify the Constitution one of the Anti-federalists who feared that a presidency could evolve into a monarchy father of the Constitution and a Federalist first President of United States and a Federalist

(L5) Match the terms with the definitions. expressed power entitlement relinquish remnant implied power jurisdiction proponent amenable

Match the terms with the definitions. congressional powers specifically listed in the Constitution a guaranteed benefit from a government program give up; forfeit a small quantity or part congressional powers that are not specifically listed in the Constitution the extent of legal authority one who favors willing; agreeable to

(L5) Complete the graphic. (picket fence diagram)

National

(L6) What does the graphic describe? (elastic clause) (spelled out potential powers of the national government) (article I, Section 8 of the constitution)

Necessary and Proper Clause

(Q1) The ____ Plan proposed to retain a unicameral legislature as prescribed by the Articles of Confederation.

New Jersey

(Q1) The ______ Plan proposed equal representation among states.

New Jersey

(L2) The first temporary capital of the new government was located in ___.

New York City

(Q1) The ______ Amendment gave women the right to vote.

Nineteenth

(L3) Choose SIX basic principles that formed the foundation of the Constitution.

Power must be balanced by each branch checking the others. The government must be restricted to the rule of law to avoid abuse. The government exists by the consent of those governed. The government's power is divided to prevent abuse. Government exists because the people allow it to exist. Authority is shared between the states and the central government.

(Q1) The ______ of the Constitution declared that the Founders sought to "form a more perfect union" than that formed under the Articles of Confederation.

Preamble

(Q1) _______ of the Constitution required approval of 9 of the 13 states.

Ratification

(Q1) Which of these is NOT part of the Constitution?

Separation of Powers manifesto

(L1) Select THREE points on which the Framers could agree.

The Articles were weak, but caution should be given in assigning too much power to the national government. The new government must be representative. The government should be a classical republic.

(L1) Which of the following statements would be the best title for the graphic below?

The Southern states wanted certain protections in a compromise.

(L6) Why is the Supremacy Clause important, as stated in Article VI, Section 2?

The Supremacy Clause established the Constitution as the supreme law of the land.

(Proj. 2) In Article I, Section 9, which clause establishes the principle that "all men are created equal?"

The clause preventing titles of nobility

(L6) Select TWO ways the Constitution's formal amendment process is an example of federalism.

The formal amendment process of the Constitution involves both the federal and state levels of government. Requiring three-fourths of the states to approve an amendment builds a consensus.

(L4) What did the Supremacy Clause in Article VI, Section 2 of the Constitution establish?

The interests of the federal government trump the interests of states.

(Q1) Which statement does NOT describe the U.S. Constitution?

The states maintain a firm control over the central government.

(L1) Which American leader was NOT at the Constitutional Convention?

Thomas Jefferson

(Q1) Select the answer that best completes the graphic. (freemen counted in population) (slave counted as 3/5 of a person in state population) (south required to pay taxes on slaves)

Three-Fifths Compromise

(Q1) The ______ Plan based the representation in Congress on population and wealth.

Virginia

(L3) Which English lawyer organized British common law into a consistent system?

William Blackstone

(L6) Select TWO ways an amendment may be proposed according to Article V.

a constitutional convention at the request of the legislatures in two-thirds of the states a two-thirds vote in both houses of Congress

(L6) Select TWO ways an amendment may be ratified according to Article V.

approved by legislatures in three-fourths of the states approved by special ratifying conventions in three-fourths of the states

(L6) Choose TWO ways the Constitution may be informally amended.

by customs and interpretations of the law through the judicial system by the legislature passing laws to clarify and explain

(L3) In a representative democracy, or republic, ___.

citizens choose representatives who are held accountable through elections

(L5) While the state cannot take away ____, federalism allows them to provide additional rights to its citizens.

constitutional rights

(L5) Federalism refers to the distribution of ____ and sovereignty between two political spheres: the states and the national government.

power

(L6) The delegated powers of the national government are referred to as ____ powers.

enumerated

(Proj. 2) Article I of the U.S. constitution allows Congress to inflict punishment without a trial or pass laws "after the fact."

false

(Proj. 2) Article I of the U.S. constitution allows Congress to require an individual to pay a direct tax (income or property tax) or indirect tax (sales tax); however, the Sixteenth Amendment modified this clause.

false

(Proj. 2) Article I of the U.S. constitution allows Congress to suspend the writ of habeus corpus (showing why someone is imprisoned) at any time.

false

(Proj. 2) Article I of the U.S. constitution allows Congress to tax goods sent by water from one state to another (port to port).

false

(L6) The secretary of transportation is ____ in the line of succession.

fourteenth

(L3) Select SIX purposes of the Constitution stated in the Preamble.

give the federal government power to maintain peace prevent oppressive laws like those that Britain had placed upon the states improve upon the Articles of Confederation by forming a more perfect union secure liberty for future generations represent the common people provide for the common defense

(L4) The extent of a government's legal authority is its ____.

jurisdiction

(L4) Select THREE statements that represent the principle of federalism.

limits the power of government divides power between the national government and the state governments shares power between the national government and the state governments