GOVT 2305 Exam #2
was among the first.
Compared with other nations in the world in granting suffrage to women, the United States
each of its representatives and senators.
Each state has one vote in the electoral college for
government spending programs take too long to enact to help the economy and government spending is easier to start than to stop.
Economic criticisms of Keynesian theories include
Factions can be eliminated without removing Americans' freedoms.
James Madison made all but which of the following arguments in his essay, Federalist No. 10?
early partisan newspapers.
More and more, cable news seems analogous to
Legislatures.
Most referenda are placed on the ballot by
to delay conclusion of the nominating process.
One effect of adoption of proportional rules in Republican primaries in 2012 was
there is no guarantee that all relevant interests are represented within them.
One major criticism of issue networks is that
they produce sizable discrepancies between votes won and seats won.
One notable feature of first-past-the-post elections is that
George W. Bush
President __________ passed the Medicare drug program expanding welfare benefits for seniors.
the community is homogeneous.
Pressure on an individual to conform to community values or views is strongest when
more Americans believe that government is responsive.
Psychological explanations of turnout suggest that voting will rise if
impact the types of stories that get picked up by the "mainstream media."
Reaction to a film posted on YouTube made by an Egyptian-American that mocked the Muslim prophet Muhammad is an example of the influence of new media platforms; that they
questioning established values.
The political knowledge of many young adults changes from high school to college if the college student's education includes
newspapers
Until the early 1960s, most Americans cited __________ as the source from which they got most of their news.
social welfare
A government-backed guarantee against loss by individuals without regard to need is a(n) ________________ program.
China.
A country where the government heavily censors Internet news and search engines is
stable
A distribution of opinions that shows little change over time is a
citizens group.
A group that has as its purpose issues unrelated to its members' vocations is a(n)
class action suit.
A legal action brought by a person or group on behalf of a number of people in similar circumstances is also known as a(n)
caucus method.
A method of delegate selection that begins with local meetings and culminates in a state convention is also known as the
closed
A primary election in which voters must declare their party affiliation before they are given the primary ballot is a(n) ________ primary.
five percentage points.
A sample of six hundred randomly selected individuals is usually accurate to (plus or minus)
front-loading.
A state moves its primary to an earlier date to encourage presidential candidates who would otherwise have skipped that state to campaign there. This is known as
Program monitoring
A veterans' group publicizes reports of excessive wait times at VA (US Department of Veterans Affairs) hospitals and resulting harm to patients. Which function is the veterans' group performing?
choose what benefits them personally.
According to the self-interest principle, people tend to
neither more nor less
According to the text, Americans were __________ politically apathetic in 2012 compared to 1952.
number of elections held
According to the text, if the criterion is ___________, America has the best and most democratic government in the world.
the economic force that converts individual pursuit of personal profit into societal good.
Adam Smith's "invisible hand" refers to
choosing more candidates in primaries rather than party conventions.
After the 2010 and 2012 elections, Republican party establishment leaders tried to limit the success of tea party candidates by
spent over 70 percent of their money on negative ads attacking other candidates.
Analysis of Super PAC ads during the 2012 Republican nomination shows that they
new interest groups naturally form when the need arises.
An important idea of pluralist theory is that
adult peer groups and the mass media.
As parental and school influences wane in adulthood, _________ emerge as more important socialization agents.
liberal leanings
Available evidence seems to indicate that there are _________ among journalists and reporters.
Democratic Party support for civil rights legislation
Black Americans shifted significantly to the Democratic Party in the 1960s largely in response to
interest group entrepreneur.
Cesar Chavez's work to organize California workers into the United Farm Workers makes him an example of a(n)
freedom; equality
Content analysis of the 2012 party convention platforms found that Republicans were more likely to mention the word __________ whereas Democrats were more likely to mention the word __________.
incremental budgeting
Developing budgets by using last year's budget as the base and adding an amount to cover the increased costs of doing business (inflation) and any new programs is called
fiscal policy.
If government cuts taxes to encourage people to spend more money in order to stimulate economic growth, it is using
the House of Representatives.
If no presidential candidate receives a majority of the electoral college votes, the election is decided by
Single-issue
If someone formed the "Second Amendment Party," a political party to run on a platform of removing regulations on gun ownership, that would be an example of a _________ party.
2.9
In 1955, there were 9 workers for every Social Security beneficiary; by 2011, there were ___.
raising the federal debt ceiling.
In 2011, under pressure from the tea party movement, congressional Republicans opposed
preventing blacks from voting in primary elections
In Smith v. Allwright, the Supreme Court found _________ is(are) unconstitutional.
54
In a 2014 Gallup poll, _____ percent of Americans supported affording gay marriage the same legal status as traditional marriage.
won a plurality of the popular vote but was not chosen as president by the House of Representatives.
In his first run for the presidency, Andrew Jackson
less than 1.0 percentage point.
In nineteen presidential elections since 1936, Gallup polls have deviated from actual results by
resulted in a loss of support for the Democratic candidate, Al Gore.
In the 2000 election, the candidacy of Ralph Nader
freedom; order or equality
Individuals with higher education and income tend to favor _______ over ________.
under 1.5
International affairs, including "foreign aid" and the budget of the State Department and embassies and consulates in other countries, consume _________ percent of the FY 2015 budget.
anti-incumbent bias
It is quite possible that campaign coverage is affected by a(n) __________ among journalists.
transmission
Learning political party identification from parents is known as the ___________ model of partisanship.
capitalist economies.
Market economies are loosely called
have high income
People who ___________ are most likely to belong to interest groups
Zero
Since the present two-party system was established, how many minor-party candidates have been elected to the presidency?
Great Depression, the New Deal, and the Great Society.
Social welfare policy in the United States today has been significantly shaped by the
can have a greater influence within congressional committees than on affecting floor votes.
Some sophisticated research has shown that PAC donations
one-half
Surveys show today that approximately __________ of the American population today think that the United States needs a third party
is to blame for the low level of citizens' knowledge about public affairs.
The "television hypothesis" is the belief that television
successful unconventional political participation.
The 1955 Montgomery bus boycott is an example of
those with greater resources.
The American emphasis on freedom over equality in political participation works to the benefit of
The Fed can increase its reserve requirement for member banks.
The Federal Reserve can increase the money supply in all but which of the following ways?
African Americans.
The South still casts many votes for Democrats because of the high proportion of
required the electoral college to vote separately for president and vice president.
The Twelfth Amendment
3,901 billion
The U.S. Fiscal Year 2015 budget submitted by President Obama reflected expended federal government spending of approximately _________ dollars.
First
The _________ Amendment prohibits Congress from abridging freedom of the press.
pluralist
The ability of groups to make government respond to their special problems is best described as part of ________ theory.
equality.
The central value underlying Lyndon Johnson's Great Society was
over half
The disabled and the elderly account for __________ of Medicaid expenditures.
Thomas Jefferson.
The early Republicans (also known as the Democratic Republicans) were led by
prolonged exposure to and good communication with the agent, as well as being receptive.
The extent to which any socializing agent is influential depends on
regulate broadcast media content.
The fairness doctrine, the equal opportunities rule, and the reasonable access rule are all rules under which the FCC has
Social Security.
The federal government's single largest budgeted spending item is
workers' compensation
The first example of social insurance in the United States was
radio.
The first media technology to make broadcast journalists into household names was
ensure that a candidate has a high level of name recognition among voters.
The first objective of campaign advertising is to
voting as the primary means of participation.
The majoritarian model of democracy favors
education, income, and occupation.
The standard socioeconomic model of participation chiefly refers to
political participation
The text defines __________ as the actions of private citizens by which they seek to influence or support government and politics.
vote.
The text defines suffrage and franchise as the right to
7,000
There were an estimated __________ PACs contributing to congressional candidates during the 2011-2012 campaign cycle.
instituted paywalls for
To stay in business in the digital age, many newspapers have __________ their online content, with varying degrees of success.
inflation; unemployment
Traditionally the Federal Reserve has tended to be more concerned about __________ than __________.
increased or remained stable.
Voting in the United States decreased during the 1970s and 1980s. Other forms of participation
Estate taxes
Which of the following taxes is not a major source (as in over 10 percent) of the federal government's revenue?
It was attacked as socialized medicine.
What was the nature of the early opposition to Medicare?
normal distribution.
When Americans are asked to identify themselves on left-right ideological scales ("liberal," "moderate," or "conservative"), the data plotted on a graph is a(n)
fiscal policy.
When John Maynard Keynes suggested deficit financing by the government to stabilize the economy, he was advocating the use of
order; equality
When elementary schools introduce students to authority figures outside the family, like the teacher, they prepare students for the value of _________; when they stress norms of democratic decision making and respecting the opinions of others, they teach _________.
about the same.
When excluding horserace stories, media coverage of Mitt Romney in the 2012 presidential campaign, compared to coverage of Barack Obama, was
skewed.
When sampled, the public strongly favors the death penalty for certain crimes. The graph of such a distribution would be characterized as
American Association of Retired Persons (AARP)
Which influential Washington interest group has a membership of 40 million?
Lawmakers should attempt to balance perfectly the views of all competing interests.
Which of the following is not necessary for the pluralist model of interest groups to be fair?
Agenda setting, policy formulation, implementation, policy evaluation
Which of the following is the correct sequential order for the policymaking process?
Women are more likely to favor going to war.
Which of the following statements concerning gender and political beliefs is incorrect?
Many people identify as "moderate" because they do not understand the alternatives.
Which of the following statements concerning ideological "moderates" is correct?
Most congressional elections are not very competitive.
Which statement is true about most congressional elections today?
Alexander Hamilton
Who was the leader of the Federalists?
No legislation was passed in response to the Newtown massacre.
With no one taking the lead in an interest group's traditional agenda building role, in the wake of the Newtown massacre the only legislation that passed was ______________.
have not been able to document any consistent link between the two.
With regard to PAC contributions and congressional votes, political scientists