GOVT 2305 Exam 3 Pre-Test

The first woman was elected to Congress in

1917

Which president granted full amnesty in 1868 to all southerners who had participated in the "Late Rebellion"?

Andrew Johnson

The Supreme Court struck down parts of the Military Commissions Act and declared habeas corpus to be a fundamental right in the case of

Boumediene v. Bush.

After the Civil War, why was it considered inappropriate for President Andrew Johnson to make a series of speeches seeking public support for his policies?

During the nineteenth century, it was perceived to be undignified for a president to campaign on his own behalf.

What did the Supreme Court rule in Hamdi v. Rumsfeld (2004)?

Hamdi was entitled to a lawyer and an opportunity to rebut the government's charges against him.

After more than four decades, President ________ restored the American diplomatic ties with Cuba that were severed by President ________.

Obama; Eisenhower

Which of the following statements best describes the representation of women and minorities in the U.S. Congress?

Representation of women and minorities has increased during the past two decades but is not comparable to their proportions in the general population.

Which of the following statements best characterizes the structure of the federal judiciary?

The entire federal judiciary is composed of 94 district courts, 12 circuit courts, one Supreme Court, and numerous specialized courts that have nationwide original jurisdiction in certain types of cases.

What did the Supreme Court justices declare in Miller v. Johnson (1995)?

The racial composition of a district could not be the predominant factor when redistricting.

Which of the following would the Supreme Court likely refuse to hear because of "mootness"?

a case involving a student who was first rejected but then, later, admitted to a state-run university suing that university for discrimination in the admissions process

Conference committees

are only likely to include members from both political parties when control of Congress is divided.

Congress

can terminate a state of emergency declared by the president only with a joint resolution of the two houses.

One reason some people support the establishment of term limits in the House and Senate is that it will

increase turnover and get new faces into Congress.

The number of vetoes issued by a president each year

is typically higher when Congress is controlled by the opposite party.

What is the MOST common occupation among members of Congress before coming to Congress?

lawyer

The powers of Congress have declined dramatically in which of the following areas during the last 50 years?

national defense and the federal budget

If a defendant is charged with burglary but admits to a lesser charge of trespassing in exchange for the prosecution dismissing the burglary charge and forgoing the criminal trial, it is an example of a(n)

plea bargain.

A certiorari pool describes the

practice by which Supreme Court law clerks work together to evaluate each petition.

When Dwight Eisenhower sent federal troops into Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1957, it demonstrated that the

president may make unilateral use of the emergency powers to protect states against domestic disorder.

The fact that the Supreme Court has been more willing to rule on affirmative action in recent years illustrates that the

question of which cases to accept is often simply a matter of the preferences and priorities of the Supreme Court's justices.

Generally speaking, state defendants seeking a federal writ of habeas corpus must

show that they have exhausted all available state remedies and must raise issues not previously raised in their state appeals.

The doctrine of ________ requires courts to follow authoritative prior decisions when ruling on a case.

stare decisis

The Supreme Court has ruled that

state governments can use independent commissions rather than state legislatures to draw congressional district lines.

In 2011

the House and the Senate agreed to a two-year moratorium on earmarks in spending bills.

A writ of habeas corpus declares that

the government must show a legal cause for holding someone in detention.

Congress's tendency in recent years to give executive agencies fewer clear guidelines for implementing laws is the result of

the greater scope and complexity of the tasks that the federal government has undertaken.

A signing statement is an announcement

the president makes about his or her interpretation of a congressional enactment he or she is signing into law.

A major risk of the delegate model of representation is that

the voices of only a few active and informed constituents will be heard because most people do not pay close attention to every issue.

What is required for Congress to override a presidential veto?

two-thirds of both houses of Congress

The so-called bridge to nowhere was important because it became a symbol of

wasteful congressional spending through earmarks.