Grammar 1

When using multiple pronouns, what's a good way to know if you're using the correct one? example: Kelly and me went to the store.

Split them up. This is not correct. "Me went to the store" does not work as a sentence. "I went to the store" does. So, the correct sentence is "Kelly and I went to the store."

_____ (subject/object) pronoun goes before ____(subject/object) pronoun

Subject pronoun goes before object pronoun "I eat an apple"

Which is correct? John will bring/take his assignment home.

Take action away from the speaker

What is a clause?

a group of words with a subject and a verb

What is a euphemism?

a mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing. ""downsizing" as a euphemism for cuts"

Which word in the following sentence is a preposition? The university lost power during the storm. a. lost b. during c. power d. the

b. during

Which is correct? John will bring/take his homework to class

bring action towards the speaker

Maria still had one important quality (: or ;) strength.

colon even with one word a colon still works

Maria didn't know what to think (: or ;) after the divorce, she had to question everything.

colon the sentence goes on to explain something in more detail

What do relative adverbs do?

connect two parts of a sentence together (Where, when, why) That is the house WHERE I grew up. I learned to ride a bike WHEN I was ten years old. I don't know WHY that is happening.

Which is correct What affect/effect does coffee have on your concentration?

effect What is the result of coffee on your concentration?

What is a preposition?

a word that establishes relationships between stuff in place and time (where, when, and how things are) The box is UNDER the hamster. BEFORE the hamster got the hat. This hat is FOR wearing AT parties.

Generally, adverbs are found ____ the verb but ____ the adjective it modifies

found after the verb but before the adjective it modifies

What is correct? You will get further/farther in your career if you study hard.

further - it's a figurative distance

A noun MUST be used before or after a pronoun?

A noun MUST be used FIRST before a pronoun replaces it ex: James went to the store, and HE (<- pronoun) bought apples.

What is the difference between good and well?

Good: an adjective Well: an adverb; To say that you feel well implies that you are in good health. To say that you are good or that you feel good implies that you are in good spirits.

What are the four types of adverbs

How something happens (quickly, slowly, etc.) The time (yesterday, today) Place (where) Degree (amount, how much)

Is this sentence an independent clause or dependent? "The cat is sleeping."

Independent Subject: cat Verb: is sleeping

What are the two types of clauses? What's the difference?

Independent and dependent Independent clauses make sense and are a complete thought by themselves Dependent clauses need more information

Dependent clauses usually begin with what words

although, since, if, when, and because.

What is a verb?

an action done by or to a noun (eat, sleep, work) a state of being (is, was, am + adjective)

When do you use a colon in a sentence?

when you're going to explain something in more detail or identifying a set of things explicitly

What is a reflexive pronoun?

words ending in -self or - selves that are used when the subject and the object of a sentence are the same

What is the verb in this sentence? "That watch is so expensive"

is (state of being)

Which is correct? I will lay/lie down to read the book.

lie you're reclining to read the book

What does a semicolon do?

links together two sentences that might have stood on their own but throws their relationship into focus

What do adverbs do

modify everything that isn't a noun. they add information to how things are done "Greyson ran SLOWLY" slowly is the adverb, ran is the verb

Which word is an adverb? "The soldier had to eat his ration quickly before returning to work."

quickly

Maria had had enough (: or ;) she preferred to be alone than misunderstood by another person

semicolon two independent sentences

What is the simple predicate in the following sentence? Heather never speaks to her anymore speaks never Heather her

speaks

Adverbs generally have what suffix?

-ly slowly, cheerfully, etc. etc.

What is the order adjectives must appear in a sentence? (8)

1. Quantity (number) 2. Quality 3. Size 4. Age 5. Shape 6. Color 7. Origin 8. Material 9. Purpose (DOSASCOMP)

Select the phrase that makes the following sentence grammatically correct. Janet called her _____ run after a squirrel. A. dog, who had B. dog that had C. dog, that had D. dog who had

A. dog, who had It is necessary for there to be a comma separating these two clauses, because the second clause is nonrestrictive. A clause is considered nonrestrictive if it could not stand by itself and if the rest of the sentence would still make sense were it removed. If the portion of this sentence after the comma were removed, the sentence would be "Janet called her dog." Obviously, this is still a coherent sentence. Also, "who" is used here instead of "which" because the antecedent, "dog," has an identity and personality

Select the phrase that makes the following sentence grammatically correct. A child is not yet old enough to know what is healthy for ______. a. him or her b. them c. it d. she or he

A. him or her The phrase "him or her" makes the sentence grammatically correct. In this case, we are looking for a word or words that can serve as the object of the preposition "for." She and he are nominative forms, meaning that they can only be used as the subject of a sentence or a clause. "Them" can be the object of a preposition, but it is plural and, therefore, cannot correctly refer to the singular object "a child." For a similar reason, you cannot use "it" to refer to "a child."

Where is an adjective found in a sentence?

BEFORE the noun and pronoun

Among vs between

Between is typically used when referring to two things, like "between a rock and a hard place," while among is used for a greater number.

What is the difference between bring and take?

Bring: for movement towards the speaker Take: for movement away from the speaker

What word is used incorrectly in the followed sentence? Whoever wrote the letter forgot to sign their name. A. whoever B. wrote C. their D. name

C. Their The word "their" is used incorrectly in this sentence. The problem is that "whoever" as it is used here is a singular object, while "their" is a plural possessive pronoun. "Whoever" can be either singular or plural, depending on how it is used. In this case, however, because the author is describing a letter writer who forgot to sign the letter, it seems clear that "whoever" is meant as a singular. For this reason, the author should use "his or her" instead of "their."

Select the correct word for the blank in the following sentence The buried treasure had ____ there for centuries A. laid B. layed C. lain D. laint

C. lain Lain is the past participle of lie, and laid is the past participle of lay.

What does an adjective do?

Change and/or describe nouns The BLUE bear. The ENORMOUS pie.

Select the word that makes the following sentence grammatically correct: Tracey wore her hair in a French braid, ____ was the style at the time a. among b. it c. that d. which

D. which In this sentence, which is used as a relative pronoun. A relative pronoun introduces a relative clause, which is co called because it "relates" to the antecedent. The antecedent is the word that the relative pronoun refers to. In this sentence, the antecedent is "French braid," and the subsequent relative clause gives the reader more information about the French braid. Answer choice C is also a relative pronoun, but it is rarely used after a comma.

Is this sentence an independent clause or dependent? "While I was watching TV."

Dependent

Lie versus lay

Lie: to recline or rest Lay: to put or place

What is the difference between "me" and "I" in a sentence?

Me is a direct object I is a subject

What do nouns do?

Name a person, place, thing, animal, idea, or food

Select the option which makes this sentence grammatically correct. The paid vacation benefit is available to ____ employees in the company. part/ and full/time part and full-time part- and full-time part and full time

Part- and full-time is the correct answer because with a series of nearly identical compounds, sometimes the final term is delayed until the last instance, allowing the hyphen to act as a kind of place holder.

What is a predicate?

The predicate tells what the subject is or does. aka it's a verb

Who vs whom

The word "who" is used as a subject in a sentence. The word "whom" is used as an object.

T/F: you can always replace a semicolon with a period.

True

When would you put a comma between adjectives?

When they're in the same order i.e both are quality adjectives

Which is correct? The weather effects/affects my homework.

affect the weather influences my homework

What is the difference between affect and effect?

affect- to influence effect- a result

What is correct? Tokyo is farther/further from Toronto than Berlin

farther - physical distance

What is the difference between further and farther?

farther is for physical distance further is for figurative distance

Which is correct? John worked fewer/less days than I did.

fewer can be counted

What is the difference between fewer vs less?

fewer: refers to a number (can be counted) less: refers to a degree or amount (bulk or abstract)

Which is correct? I love to study biology, i.e./e.g., the science dealing with living organisms

i.e. can replace with aka

i.e versus e.g.

i.e.: that is - specifies or explains - "aka" e.g.: for example

What does a pronoun do? Examples of pronouns?

replace nouns so sentences don't get boring Example: we, himself, I, us

What is the adverb in this sentence? "That watch is so expensive"

so