Graphic Design Midterm Exam

framing

-one way to make your subject stand out is by creating a natural one of these within the composition -this helps draw the viewer's eye to the main subject -this can also be used to create a sense of depth, or to provide a context for the artwork

Rene Magritte

a Belgian surreal artist. he became well-known for a number of his surreal, dream-like worlds and thought-provoking images. his intended goal for his work was to challenge observers preconditioned perceptions of reality and force viewers to become hypersensitive to their surroundings -"The Listening Room" (1952)

strong diagonal

a form of a leading line that can transform a boring composition into a dynamic one

adobe illustrator

a graphic arts program designed to create *vector based imagery*.

adobe photoshop

a graphic ats program designed to create and manipulate *raster based imagery*.

scale

a point of reference by which the gauge or rate the seize or presence of an object or an individual

unlinked masks

a type of layer mask that allows the artist to discontinue the control of a defined mask, allowing the artist to adjust and manipulate his image content both in the image position and the scaling of the image

layer style

a way of adding effects to layer content, such as drop shadows and strokes in a nondestructive way to the original art content. it is added by double clicking the far right corner of the later and then choosing the desired effect. these can be removed at any time as long as you keep your file as a PSD.

puppet warp tool

allows you to change the position of certain parts of the content (ex: bending a person's arm)

visual metaphor

an image used in the place of or in conjunction with another . . . suggests a connection between the subject matters or for the purpose of making a social statement

composition

an orderly arrangement of elements using the principles of design

point of view

art does not always have to be depicted at eye level. moving this above, or below, the subject can create a more interesting, dynamic piece of art

the golden rectangle

based on the golden ratio, also known as the divine proportion a mathematically developed formula observed often in nature and applied to architecture and in art ex: mona lisa

the color-picker

can change the color for the brushes, paint bucket, etc.

vector art

created by the use of computer code and math, typically has smooth crisp edges, clean, is easily scalable, and resizing does not affect the quality of the edges

lines of sight

created when the subject is looking at something within the painting that cause the viewer to follow this to the object being observed

Claes Oldenburg and Coosje van Bruggen

creators of "Free Stamp" (1985) in Cleveland, "Dropped Cone" (2001) in Cologne, Germany, and "Clothespin" (1976) in downtown Philadelphia they used shadow and reflection to make the visual look real

photoshop filters

different effects that can be added to the content of images to allow desired purposes or effects

transform box

found under the edit menu or by clicking command T. Useful tool for resizing, rotating, flipping, and moving imagery. You do not want to resize a selection larger than it is with the basic transform tool.

the rule of odds

having an odd number of things in a composition means your eye and brain can't pair them up or group them easily... there's somehow always one thing left over, which keeps your eyes moving across the composition

surreal

having the disorienting, hallucinatory quality of a dream

type tool

it creates typography by using vector technology and can be updated and adjusted as needed, as long as you keep your image in the Photoshop file format

fill the frame

it is not always necessary for the entire subject to be included in the composition. sometimes it is more effective and interesting to crop the edges of your main subject

smart objects

layers that contain image data from original imagery. They preserve an image's source content with all of its original characteristics and quality. This enables you to perform non-destructive editing (resizing, transforms) to the layer. You can resize it smaller but you just can't resize it larger than the original content

leading lines

lines that guide a viewer's eyes around, or through, the artwork

raster art

pixel art can include photography, imported print materials, and art that requires a pastel or painterly technique

ppi

pixels per inch

rule of thirds

positioning the subject at the intersection of a grid that splits the frame into thirds both vertically and horizontally

juxtaposition

the act or instance of placing themes or subjects close together or side by side especially used for the purpose of comparison, contrast, or association

photoshop stroke

the application of pixels that run along the contour of a selection or path 2 ways to apply this: 1) by making a selection on a layer and then going to the edit menu and selecting this 2) applying them through layer styles

background color

the back color of the two blocks

brush tool

the brush tool allows you to create imagery on a layer in a similar fashion to oil painting on a canvas. The variation of brushes and techniques are stored in the option bar.

context

the conditions and circumstances that are relevant to an event of an occurrence

foreground color

the front color of the two blocks

contour

the line which defines a form or an edge . . . an outline or silhouette of a given object or figure

move tool

this pixel moving tool is usually used to move layer content that has previously been selected. by selecting no pixels on a layer, the move tool will move all pixels on that layer

marquee tool

this selection tool makes selections on your image in a rectangular (or other) shape. It is a good tool to use to select small complete objects on transparent backgrounds

magic wand tool

this selection tool selects an area of pixels on a layer of similar color and value, based on whatever area of pixels you click on. in the option bar at the top, you can change the *tolerance* to make your selection more precise. low numbers will give you less color values together and high numbers will give you more color values together. (lower number = more selective)

zoom tool

this tool allows the user to look closely to and move back from their image. It doesn't change their art. An artist can keep this tool selected and back away from their art by pressing on the mouse while holding down the option key.

hand tool

this tool allows the user to navigate around their image. it is used commonly to manipulate or work on pixels when an artist is zoomed closely to their image. it does not alter your art in any way.

eraser tool

this tool replaces pixels with transparency. If you are on a layer it will replace pixels, if you are on the background you will replace pixels with the background color

eyedropper tool

this tool works by changing your foreground color to whatever color pixel that you click on

scale and context

to reexamine the usual and to create the fantastic

layers

transparencies that we can draw on or add other content to

simplify

try to eliminate unnecessary items from your composition that will only distract the viewer

lasso tools

use this selection to create a fence around whatever pixels or areas that you wish to work with or move. to close the selection, either click on the beginning point or just double-click.

visibility control of layers

we can click the eye button to view or not view each specific layer