GRE

regarding

-Regarding Professor Scott's final criticism I have nothing more to add to what I said in my previous reply . - his statements regarding the country's economy راجع به - عطف به - در موضوع

melancholia

Melancholia is a state of deep sadness. Your melancholia might make it hard to succeed in your career as a jolly birthday party clown. Melancholia is a name for a serious, diagnosable mental illness, but it can also mean more of a philosophical or aesthetic idea. You can call severe depression that requires a doctor's care melancholia. But you can also talk about the melancholia of your favorite piece of classical music or novel, if they're imbued with a somber moodiness or a deep sense of sorrow. The Greek root is melankolia, "sadness." 1.(n)extreme depression characterized by tearful sadness and irrational fears When I look at local syndromes or past syndromes, like melancholia or sinking heart, I am not proposing in any definitive way that this is really major depression. "She suffers from melancholia. I want her to walk the shoreline with you, learn from you. افسردگی - گرفتگی - دل تنگی -

oblivion

Oblivion is the state of being forgotten. If you slip into oblivion after selling one record, then your only hope is becoming a "VH1 one-hit wonder." Oblivion can also mean "total forgetfulness" — like what patients with dementia or new parents feel. If you find yourself putting the crackers in the fridge and milk in the cupboards, or forgetting your own phone number, you might be experiencing oblivion. Enjoy it while it lasts. 1.(n)the state of being disregarded or forgotten Synonyms:limbo Taylor Swift seems poised to win the third album of the year award of her starry career while the Grammys continue to drift off into oblivion. And it may allow the woolly mammoth and the dodo to be resurrected from the oblivion of extinction and facilitate the modification of all earthly creatures. فراموشی- از خاطرزدایی - گمنامی

pessimistic

Pessimistic describes the state of mind of someone who always expects the worst. A pessimistic attitude isn't very hopeful, shows little optimism, and can be a downer for everyone else. To be pessimistic means you believe evil outweighs the good and that bad things are more likely to happen. So pessimistic people are usually pretty negative. And kind of a bummer to be around. Think of Eeyore, Winnie the Pooh's perpetually gloomy friend. The word comes to us, not surprisingly, from the Latin pessimus — meaning "worst." 1.(adj)expecting the worst possible outcome Synonyms: hopeless But it's slightly more pessimistic about growth in Kansas residents' disposable income. But it's a much more pessimistic outlook for jobs, which are barely half-recovered. بدبین - وابسته به بدبینی

quotidian

Quotidian is a fancy way of saying "daily" or "ordinary." Quotidian events are the everyday details of life. When you talk about the quotidian, you're talking about the little things in life: everyday events that are normal and not that exciting. Going to the store, doing chores, working or going to school, and brushing your teeth are all quotidian. If you take a spaceship to Mars, that would be unusual and extraordinary: the opposite of quotidian. 1.(adj)found in the ordinary course of events ""there's nothing quite like a real...train conductor to add color to a quotidian commute"- Anita Diamant" Synonyms: everyday, mundane, routine, unremarkable, workaday As anchors, the comic and the curator add ballast to the quotidian realities of Joseph's diverse clips. The mostly quotidian events are based on interviews that the theater company conducted with real front-line workers and people being tested, as well as news reports from April to June. حوصله سر بر- روزمرگی

peripheral

Scanners, printers, and speakers are peripheral devices for a computer because they aren't central to the working of the computer itself. Anything peripheral is on the margin, or outside, while main things, like a computer's processor, are not peripheral. Outside of computer jargon, peripheral is a common term in eye exams, which measure peripheral vision to see how far toward the outer right and left edges you can see. Peripheral also describes nerves from the body's peripheral system, which are secondary to the main system but branch off of it — like the wires between peripheral devices and a computer. 1.(adj)on or near an edge or constituting an outer boundary; the outer area "Russia's peripheral provinces" "peripheral suburbs" Synonyms: circumferential 2.(n)(computer science) electronic equipment connected by cable to the CPU of a computer "disk drives and printers are important peripherals" Synonyms:computer peripheral, peripheral device I got used to treating it as my peripheral vision and nothing else. The brachial plexus is the segment of nerve fibers that connect the spinal cord to the peripheral nerves in the shoulder and arm, the neurologist explained. خارجی - جانبی - پیرامونی

standoffish

Someone who's standoffish is aloof or unfriendly. When you first meet someone, she might seem standoffish when really she's just shy. A politician who appears standoffish will have more trouble getting elected than one who seems warm and likable. The adjective standoffish is a great informal word for describing people who are reserved or haughty or cold. Standoffish comes from a now obsolete meaning of the phrase stand off, "hold aloof." 1.(adj)lacking cordiality; unfriendly "a standoffish manner" Synonyms: offish She labors, she says, "not to be angry and upset with other people" who approach this era's challenges in ways she deems reckless and standoffish. She served them drinks and calamari, she said, and noted they seemed "standoffish." سرد - غیر صمیمی - کناره گیر

shortcoming

The flaw in something is its shortcoming — your car's only shortcoming might be its lack of a sunroof, for example. Use the noun shortcoming when you talk about the way something — or someone — comes up short. Your boss's shortcoming could be her high expectations, and your job's shortcomings might be having to deal with your boss and not earning much money. The root of shortcoming is the phrase "to come short," which was used starting in the 1600's to mean "to be inadequate." 1.(n)a failing or deficiency Synonyms: defect "If a prosecutor in this office ever faces that situation again, they need to meet those challenges with an overwhelming eagerness to correct the shortcomings of our criminal justice system." Of course, to harp only on the shortcomings would be a disservice to what Washington accomplished in the second half. کمبود - کاستی - قصور - نقطه ضعف - علت

accelerate

Accelerate means to speed up. A car accelerates when you step on the gas. You can accelerate the process of getting a visa if you happen to know someone who works in the consulate. The fastest Amtrak trains are called the Acela line, a made-up word intended to suggest accelerate and therefore communicate that these trains are fast. If you are standing close to one when it zooms by, you may find yourself having an accelerated heart rate — they move pretty fast! 1.(v)move faster "The car accelerated" Synonyms: quicken, speed, speed up There's reason to be concerned: Early this year in China, a large spike in travel around the Lunar New Year holiday accelerated the spread of the coronavirus throughout the country and beyond its borders. His timeline for the success of the "step back" always felt a little accelerated. شتاب دادن -سرعت داد - تسریع کردن -

disabuse

Disabuse means to free someone of a belief that is not true. Many teachers of health find that when they teach, they spend as much energy disabusing kids of false beliefs as they do giving them the facts. Disabuse is often connected to the word notion or idea. In singing lessons, you must disabuse young singers of the idea that they can sing better by singing louder. In the first year of college, many people are disabused of the notion that their experiences are universal — by meeting so many people who have had different experiences or come from different backgrounds. 1.(v)free somebody (from an erroneous belief) Type of: inform "I disabused him of this notion," he says. Some of Mr. Trump's advisers, who shy away from giving him bad news, made no attempt to disabuse the president of that assessment. از حقیقت اگاه کردن-از اشتباه در اوردن کسی را از باور غلطی در اوردن

slander

If your classmate spreads a false rumor that you cheated on the math test, that's slander. Slander is the act of saying an untrue, negative statement about someone. In law, the word slander is contrasted with libel, which is the act of making a false written statement about someone. The noun slander is from Old French esclandre, escandle, or "scandal," from Late Latin scandalum "stumbling block, offense." 1.(n)words falsely spoken that damage the reputation of another Types: mud The witches aren't Nazis; rather, they evoke the demonic figures of blood libel, the slander that Jews ritualistically sacrificed Christian babies. "It is ridiculous to suggest that. This, I think, it's slander." تهمت زدن - تهمت

lucubration

1.nlaborious cogitation Type of: cogitation, study attentive consideration and meditation 2.a solemn literary work that is the product of laborious cogitation Type of : literary composition, literary work imaginative or creative writing ex : There are entire syllabuses full of their lacklustre texts - galleries hung with their bland daubs, concert halls resounding with their duff notes, and of course, radio stations broadcasting their tepid lucubrations cogitation -> اندیشه و تفکر مطالعه سخت . شب زنده داری

bulk

Don't be intimidated by the bulk of the dictionary on your desk. If you look in it, you'll see that bulk is a small word used to talk about large things. Bulk has a variety of meanings that all involve something large, like the bulk of a ship in the harbor, or the excess bulk of your overweight cat. Bulk can also mean "majority," as when the bulk of your diet is tater tots and guacamole. You can expect to put on a lot of bulk if you eat like that. 1.(n)the property possessed by a large mass There is now a network of six large mega-labs - known as Lighthouse labs - that process the bulk of the tests across the UK. A teaser trailer released in 2019 drew concern over an animation trope of Black leads being magically transformed into non-human characters for the bulk of a film. حجم - توده - اکثریت - اندازه - جسم ماهیچه

rigorous

If you are rigorous when you do something, you do it extremely carefully and precisely. A rigorous inspection of your tax records has revealed the government owes you money. Congratulations! The Latin root for rigorous is rigor, meaning "stiffness." This might remind you of rigor mortis, the stiffening of a body after death, as often seen on cop shows. This is a good, if creepy, way of remembering the meaning of rigorous: rigorous people are stiff and unbending about the standards of their work. This requires being alive, of course.

labyrinthine

Labyrinthine is a good word to describe a place that feels like an enormous maze. A new student at a huge, sprawling high school is likely to find the building labyrinthine as she wanders the halls looking for her math class. If you've ever been lost in a hedge maze, you know what a labyrinth is. The adjective labyrinthine describes something that is as confusing, complex, or maze-like as a labyrinth. This could be an actual maze, a city, or even a convoluted idea. The word comes from the Greek labyrinthos, the structure built to contain the mythological Minotaur. In the story, Daedalus did such a good job making the building labyrinthine that he nearly couldn't find his way out. 1.(adj)resembling a labyrinth in form or complexity "a labyrinthine network of tortuous footpaths" Synonyms: labyrinthian, mazy Criminals' money passes through a labyrinthine network of tax havens and bank accounts en route from being "dirty" to "clean". But if you look more deeply, this task — a soulful, spiritual journey tracing a labyrinthine path — means something more. پیچیده

swiftly

1.(adv)in a swift manner "she moved swiftly" Synonyms: fleetly Mr. Summers, 60, swiftly launched his own business as a digital media producer, coach and animator who creates podcasts, webcasts and video blogs. In the days following the release of the affidavit, GOP lawmakers acted swiftly. سریعا

reflecting

1.(adj)causing reflection or having a device that reflects "a reflecting microscope" Synonyms :reflective But then a surge of infections in May and June, particularly in the Sun Belt and reflecting the end of many shutdowns and restrictions, began once again driving up the death toll. Chevron's oil and gas production in the third quarter was down 7%, compared with a year earlier, reflecting asset sales, curtailment due to low prices and contract agreements. انعکاس -تفکر

recriminatory

1.(adj)countering one charge with another "recriminatory arguments" Synonyms:recriminative بدگویی- تهمت -پس دهنده اتهام متقابل زدن

lifeblood

1.(n)the blood considered as the seat of vitality Thousands of jobs are at stake, as is a major lifeblood of the city. That is the lifeblood of a functioning democracy. خون حیاطی - نیروی حیاطی

scroll

A rolled up piece of paper is a scroll. If you write a poem on a sheet of paper, roll it up, and tie it with a ribbon, you can call it a scroll. Before books existed, people wrote stories or important information on parchment or papyrus and rolled them into scrolls for easy storage and transport. Sometimes, a scroll would serve as a work of art, a decorated tale that would occasionally be unrolled and displayed. These days, when you scroll through something, you're probably reading it on a computer, moving down the screen. 1.(n)a document that can be rolled up (as for storage) Synonyms: roll نوشته یا صفحه طولانی - طومار - کتیبه -

employee

An employee is someone who's hired to do a particular job for pay. If you like to shop in a certain store, you might also enjoy being an employee there. You can see the verb employ, meaning "put to use," in employee. You can employ a pen in writing a letter, just as a grocery store might employ workers to collect the shopping carts from the parking lot. A person who is put to work is an employee. Employee implies that the worker reports to a boss, and it's most commonly used for non-executives who work for a salary. 1.(n)a worker who is hired to perform a job Antonyms: employer کارمند

brash

Brash sounds like what it means: harsh, loud, and maybe a little rude. Sometimes that's good, like when you have a serious rash on your face and give Aunt Nell a brash warning before she showers you with kisses. There's nothing warm and fuzzy about brash. New Yorkers are sometimes thought of as the poster children for brash behavior: they can be bold and brazen. Pushy even. You might find brashness offensive, or maybe you think it's refreshingly direct. If you're a cab driver, a tough exterior might be useful, but being brash probably won't advance your career if you work in a hotel, where you're supposed to be polite and welcoming. 1.(adj)offensively bold "a brash newcomer disputed the age-old rules for admission to the club" Synonyms: cheeky, nervy Physically, the PS5 is a brash, intimidating piece of hardware, one that is clearly meant to signal a major shift. Trump, who was raised in Queens and built his personal brand as a brash New York City real estate developer, lost the state by more than 22 points in 2016. عجول -بی پروا- بی حیا - بی شرم -پر رو - پر مدعا

chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is a common treatment for cancer. Patients who receive chemotherapy take strong anti-cancer drugs meant to kill the cancer cells. Chemotherapy is given through an IV directly into a patient's veins or in pill form. While chemotherapy is a powerful tool for keeping cancer cells from reproducing, it can often make people feel quite sick because it kills other cells as well. The word literally means "treatment of diseases by chemicals," from the German Chemotherapie and its roots, the scientific prefix chemo-, "chemical," and the Greek therapeia, "healing." 1.(n)the use of chemical agents to treat or control disease (or mental illness) The study adjusted for age, tumor cell type, use of chemotherapy, diabetes and many other variables. In 2018, the FDA reported a scarcity of more than 50 drugs and biologics, largely sterile injectable medications used for chemotherapy drugs and anesthetics. درمان دارویی - درمان به وابسطه مواد شیمیایی

epistemology

Epistemology is the study of knowledge: what we know, how we know it, how we know we know it, and how to keep track of it without driving ourselves crazy. You might be wondering if epistemology is just a hobby for people who know too much for their own good, but epistemology has a lot of uses. The study of knowledge leads to the study of learning, which leads to better methods of teaching. The study of knowledge helps us understand our cultural differences, which helps us all get along. Probably the coolest use of epistemology, though, is artificial intelligence: teaching computers how to learn. 1.(n)the philosophical theory of knowledge One "unnamed logic of Whiteness," she wrote with her frequent co-author, the education professor Ozlem Sensoy, in a 2017 paper published in The Harvard Educational Review, "is the presumed neutrality of White European Enlightenment epistemology." Facts do not matter to the epistemology of white supremacy: The coronavirus was brought to the United States from both China and Europe, definitely not across the Rio Grande. معرفت شناسی - شناخت شناسی - دانش شناسی

benefactor

Every school, museum, and struggling artist is in search for a generous benefactor, or someone to provide the financial means to keep everything running smoothly. The Latin roots of benefactor are bene, which means "well," and facere, which means "to do" — literally, "to do well." A benefactor does well by supporting (usually financially) a person or a good cause. In the old days, a struggling artist or actor might have been supported by a wealthy benefactor. Now, many struggling artists and actors have to rely on waiting tables and other odd jobs instead. 1.(n)a person who helps people or institutions (especially with financial help) Synonyms: helper The school was named for founding father George Washington, an early benefactor, and Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee. Such support is less evident for Trump, and the defection or absence of formerly generous benefactors is a new obstacle for the GOP. خیر -بانی

hackneyed

Hackneyed is a word for language that doesn't pack a punch since it's overused and trite. "Roses are red, violets are..." — enough already?! That's hackneyed stuff. Hackneyed is usually used to describe tired writing, but you can also refer to the hackneyed plots of television sit-coms or the hackneyed jokes of your Uncle Fred. But, most often, you will see hackneyed before the word phrase to refer to a specific cliché that is annoying the heck out of someone. 1.(adj)repeated too often; overfamiliar through overuse "hackneyed phrases" Synonyms: banal, commonplace, old-hat, shopworn, stock, threadbare, timeworn, tired, trite, well-worn "Their efforts, however, are too often diluted by the film's lazy plotting and Millie's hackneyed emotional baggage." Their efforts, however, are too often diluted by the film's lazy plotting and Millie's hackneyed emotional baggage. پیش و پا افتاده - تکراری شده - همگانی

armada

If an armada is looking for you, that's not good news — it's a fleet of warships. Even though armada sounds a little old-fashioned, they still exist. In fact, some armadas look for pirates — another old-fashioned-sounding group that still exists. Though an armada is part of a navy, armada sounds similar to "army,", and it should: they both come ultimately from the same source, the Latin word armata, "armed." Armies and navies are two of the oldest branches of a military power, and an armada is a military fleet — another word for a group of boats or ships. 1.(n)a large fleet Examples: Invincible Armadathe great fleet sent from Spain against England by Philip II in 1588 More than 5 million people in the region voted early, leaving an armada of masked and gloved poll workers to greet a much smaller pool of the electorate. A fourth mission, Europe's Rosalind-Franklin rover, was supposed to join this Martian armada. نیرو دریایی- ناوگان

sustainable

If something is sustainable, then it can be maintained or continued. A 5-minute mile pace probably isn't sustainable for anyone other than Olympic marathon runners. These days this adjective is often used to describe something that has a low long-term effect on the environment, like "sustainable agriculture" — a method of farming that doesn't ravage the land, deplete resources permanently, or produce a great deal of pollution. Break down the word into two parts: sustain and able, to visualize and remember that you're able to sustain something sustainable. 1.(adj)capable of being sustained A note from the staff cited the "the general turmoil of 2020 events," and said that with the small team there "working over capacity ... it is simply no longer sustainable." That, said Ferrari, left a gap for activist managers to agitate for change at weaker companies in order to bring about more sustainable returns and share price gains. قایل تحمل - تاب اوردنی

intellect

Intellect is how much intelligence you have. Einstein was known for having a great intellect. Mickey Mouse's friend Goofy has almost no intellect to speak of. Intellect is the mental equivalent of athletic ability or fashion sense, so someone is an intellect if they have great intellectual ability just as an athlete is someone who has great athletic ability. Intellect is something everyone has in some degree. If someone talks down to you, it's an insult to your intellect. Your teacher might say you have a sharp intellect if you have the intellect to figure out difficult problems. An intellectual is a person who has a lot of knowledge and prefers to think about things on an abstract or theoretical level rather than a practical one. 1.(n)knowledge and intellectual ability "he has a keen intellect" Synonyms: mind They are a development machine that employs some of the sport's sharpest intellects. Hacking requires neither high intellect nor part of a password, and it occurs more commonly than Mr. Trump claimed. عقل - خرد - هوش - قوه درک

serendipitous

Serendipitous is an adjective that describes accidentally being in the right place at the right time, like bumping into a good friend in some unusual location, or finding a hundred dollar bill on the ground. The root of serendipitous comes from the fairy tale "The Three Princes of Serendip," in which three princes make one lucky and surprising discovery after another. A serendipitous moment happens by accident, usually when you're doing something completely unrelated, like digging a hole in your yard to bury your hamster and finding a treasure chest of jewels. That's a sad but serendipitous funeral. 1.(adj)lucky in making unexpected and fortunate discoveries Synonyms:lucky "The whole situation was very serendipitous, because it filled in a slow period." In contrast, Asahel hauled his battered camera through every environ and season to snare serendipitous scenes that crossed his lens. دارای نعمت غیر مترقبه

affable

Affable means friendly, pleasant, and easy to talk to. An affable host offers you something to drink and makes you feel at home. The adjective affable entered English by way of the Latin word affābilis, which means "kind, friendly." If you're stuck on an airplane next to someone affable, the trip won't be so bad because that person will be easy to chat with but won't talk your ear off. Synonyms of affable also refer to a pleasant and mild friendliness, such as genial, hospitable, and gracious. Affable people generally seem like they're in a good mood and are happy to see you. 1.(adj)diffusing warmth and friendliness "an affable smile" Synonyms: amiable, cordial, genial Despite being sold to Lyon five years ago, why does the affable Brazilian remain a cult hero for Red Devils supporters? He is affable and calls leaders and diplomats "my brother." دلجو - خوش برخورد - مهربان

lachrymose

lachrymose sorrow is at a funeral — people sobbing openly or sniffling quietly into their hankies. To be lachrymose, in other words, is to be tearful. Lachrymose is not a word used much in everyday speech; you wouldn't say, for example, "I feel a bit lachrymose today." No, you'd probably say, "I feel a bit weepy today." Lachrymose is generally confined to use as a written critical term, often meaning much the same as sentimental. Books and plays and films can all be lachrymose, if their intent is to induce shameless sniveling. 1.(adj)showing sorrow Synonyms:dolorous, dolourous, tearful, weeping Save for a belabored sprinkler drenching the well-manicured lawn that fades into a lightly wooded area, and some wry, lachrymose songs blasting from my car stereo. On that account, you forgive some of the musical's disappointments, such as a second act that wrenches into ersatz, lachrymose melodrama, and focus instead on an inspired night of singing and dancing. اشکی - اشک دار - غصه دار -

indulgence

An indulgence is doing something that you enjoy even if it has negative consequences. Buying yourself something that you don't need, be it a cookie, video game, or diamond necklace, is an indulgence. If you allow yourself to eat more chocolate cake or watch more TV than is really good for you, those are your little indulgences. If you spend your life savings on a trip to Tahiti, that's a huge indulgence. If someone says to you, "Grant me this indulgence," prepare for a long-winded story that tries to convince you of something. Long, long ago the Catholic Church sold something called "indulgences": pardons for sins. 1.(n)the act of indulging or gratifying a desire Synonyms: humoring, indulging, pamperin 2.(n)the remission by the pope of the temporal punishment in purgatory that is still due for sins even after absolution er prediction is that American consumers will turn to more upscale indulgences and ready-to-eat foods and that retailers might see shortages of those. There is an art to writing about unlikable people while still engaging the reader to invest in their indulgence, vanity and, yes, happiness. زیاده روی - افراط

concede

If you concede something, you admit that it is true, proper, or certain — usually in an unwilling way and often in the context of a competition, as in "At midnight, the candidate finally conceded defeat." In its most common senses, a near synonym of concede is acknowledge — if your mom is pointing out that you need sleep before the test, you should concede the truth of what she's saying. But another meaning of concede is to give away or grant something, as when an unpopular leader is unwilling to concede power. Concede is from Latin concēdere, from the prefix com-, "completely," plus cēdere, "to go along, grant, yield." The corresponding noun is concession. 1.(v)give over; surrender or relinquish to the physical control of another Synonyms: cede, grant, yield But blowback from within the industry to a Trump memoir, especially as he refuses to concede that he lost the election, is likely to be severe. Even detractors concede that the president, as promised, delivered one of the most activist immigration agendas ever, transforming the goals and direction of the system across government agencies. he concede victory to his rival in the elections پذیرفتن - واگذار کردن

coyly

1.(adv)in a coy manner "she pouted and looked at him coyly" At the beginning of the interview, Stipe coyly declares the protagonist of his most famous song a "total fabrication." "If I'm asked to serve, I'll serve," the senior partner said coyly. محجوبانه - با ناز و کرشمه

abrogate

Abrogate means to abolish or avoid. When someone cuts in front of you in line, they are abrogating your right to be the next one served. When you cut in line, you are abrogating your responsibility to those who were in line before you. The Latin root of this word is made up of the prefix ab- "away" and rogare "to propose a law." What does it mean if you propose a law away? You repeal it, of course, so abrogate means to officially revoke, cancel or abolish. The meaning of this word has expanded a bit since its earliest usage, but it still appears most often in a legal or political context, or when serious rights and responsibilities are being discussed. 1.(v)revoke formally But importantly it does not abrogate responsibility for those who used nuclear weapons. The voters, residing across Europe, as well as in Thailand, New Zealand, and Singapore, say election officials are abrogating their duties and denying eligible citizens their constitutional right to vote. لغو کردن - از میان بردن - باطل کردن - منسوخ کردن

sanguine

If you're sanguine about a situation, that means you're optimistic that everything's going to work out fine. Sanguine is from Latin sanguis "blood" and originally meant "bloody" — in medieval medicine it described someone whose ruddy complexion was a sign of an optimistic outlook. That was back when people thought that "bodily humors" like blood were responsible for your attitudes. Now that we no longer believe in humors, sanguine has settled down as a fancy way to say someone is cheerfully confident. Experts are frequently described as feeling sanguine about a political or economic situation — or not sanguine, if they think we're going to hell in a handbasket 1.(adj)confidently optimistic and cheerful Synonyms:optimistic But now, with less than six weeks left for a trade deal to be agreed and ratified, the EU seems rather more sanguine about the passing of time. Talking about the experience of working in a pandemic, he is sanguine. خوشبین - خوش مشرب

epitome

If you're talking about a typical example of something, call it the epitome. The cartoon character Garfield is the epitome of the lazy, food-obsessed cat. Coming to us from Greek through Latin, epitome refers to something that is the ultimate representative of its class. Are you the epitome of the hard-working student or do you believe in study in moderation? Make sure you pronounce epitome with the accent on the second syllable (uh-PIH-tuh-mee). 1.(n)a standard or typical example Synonyms:image, paradigm, prototype It's the epitome of elitism, the kind of thing many voters — especially Trump supporters — despise in what they consider limousine liberal politicians who can't relate to their struggles. "War is the epitome of hell for all involved," he said. خلاصه - خلاصه رِیوس

revelry

Revelry is a wild, fun time. If you enjoy the revelry of a New Year's Eve party, you might pay for partying hard the next day. The noun revelry means merrymaking, but because it comes from the French word reveler meaning to rebel, its tone indicates carousing or noisy partying. It's not your grandparents' tame, sedate cocktail party: revelry is a full-throttle festive gathering, where people outwardly enjoy themselves. In fact, a wild party was once called a "revel," though you don't hear that term used much today. 1.(n)unrestrained merrymaking Synonyms: revel In this sense, emptying the White House of Trump will itself constitute a coup to be marked with much revelry. A woman named Anita was standing off to the side of the revelry with her young son, leaning up against the fence and looking happy and overwhelmed. عیاشی -خوشگذرانی

steep

Steep means sharply angled. When hiking trails lead straight up mountainsides, they've got a steep incline. Steep also means "to soak in," as in steeping a tea bag in boiling water. You often hear steep used as an adjective to describe cliffs, hills, or even water park slides that have a perilous slope. Steep can apply to curves on a chart--you might say when someone who has a lot to learn that their learning curve is going to be steep. Steep also comes up to describe exorbitant changes in costs or spending. Everyone would love to travel more, but sometimes plane fare is too steep. 1.(adj)(n)having a sharp inclination "the steep attic stairs" "steep cliffs" Synonyms:abrupt, precipitous, sharp 2.(v)let sit in a liquid to extract a flavor or to cleanse Largemouth bass are good with spinners, topwater, Carolina rigs among timber, rocks, and steep drops. Throngs of tourists still show up, lured by the steep drop in hotel prices for stays at venues such as the Cosmopolitan and the Bellagio. تند - گزاف - شراشیب - سرازیر -اشباع کردن -شیب دادن

supernova

Supernova is an astronomical term for a star that explodes like crazy. When a star turns into a supernova, it becomes extremely bright. Supernova sounds like a superhero, but it refers to the super explosion of a star. A nova is also the explosion of a star, but a supernova has more energy. A supernova happens when a star becomes bright, bursts, and its matter is scattered in all directions, with light and radiation shooting out. Some say our sun will turn into a supernova someday, which would destroy all life on Earth. Don't worry, that's a long way off. 1.(n)a star that explodes and becomes extremely luminous in the process Examples:Crab Nebula At the center was Eberhart, "a supernova, receiving one accolade after another." In 1987, scientists observed the explosion in outer space of one of the closest supernovas ever recorded, emitting billions of years of starlight all at once. نواختر

surly

Surly describes behavior nobody wants to be around. Think of the irritable old guy who lives on your street and always seems to be simmering with some sullen nasty anger, whose every utterance he spits out with a rude snarl. He's the poster boy for surly. Surly behavior is always frowned upon, but the word's origins are in the behavior of English nobility. Surly's roots are in sirly, as in sir, meaning arrogant, haughty, and superior. Its current meaning implies all that and more, none of it appealing — rude, snotty, sullen, mean and cranky can be added to the list. Generally speaking, if you find yourself in a surly mood, avoid your friends and loved ones. 1.(adj)inclined to anger or bad feelings with overtones of menace "a surly waiter" Synonyms: ugly , ill-natured And she never used such a surly tone with clients. In "Northeast Regional," a surly father takes the train to collect his son from boarding school after he's been involved in an alluded-to but unnamed "incident." با ترش رویی- تندخو و گستاخ - ناهنجار

Imbibition

1. (n)the act of consuming liquids Synonyms: drinking, imbibing 2.(n)(chemistry) the absorption of a liquid by a solid or gel On this depends the capacity for the absorption or imbibition in the plasm, and the mobility of its molecules, which is very important for the performance of the vital actions. اشباع . جذب

dispensed

1.(adj)distributed or weighted out in carefully determined portions "medicines dispensed to the sick" Synonyms: distributed Further, it dispensed with the part of the law in Washington, D.C., that called for guns in the home to be locked up or otherwise secured when not in use. That's because the story is set in an unrecognizably fictionalized "Italy" in which the country's actual political gyrations are freely dispensed with for nonspecific allusions to an unnamed war and generic class inequality. توزیع کردن - بخشیدن - باطل کردن

uncelebrated

1.(adj)giving only major points; lacking completeness Synonyms: sketchy At the workshop, complicity was identified, complicity was confessed, complicity went unelaborated. Her later paintings, especially, made her sitters strange through thick outlining and unelaborated backgrounds. شتاب نگرفته

authorial

1.(adj)of or by or typical of an author "authorial comments" This authorial anxiety occasionally leads to problematic narrative choices. His omniscient, controlled voice felt godlike and all-knowing, free from authorial editorializing. مربوط به نویسنده

idolatrous

1.(adj)relating to or practicing idolatry "idolatrous worship" (adj)blindly or excessively devoted or adoring Synonyms: loving The religious injunction against images as idolatrous was age-old. On that occasion, it was traditionalists who reacted in fury: they threw what they saw as idolatrous statues into the Tiber. an idolatrous worshipper -بت پرستانه - عشق پرستش

recrudescent

1.(adj)the revival of an unfortunate situation after a period of abatement "the patient presented with a case of recrudescent gastralgia" Synonyms: revived He hurried to his wife with the picture, and she called it "Mamise" with a recrudescent anguish of doubt. Before the ever recrudescent forces of neo-paganisim it is most useful, we contend, to reassert in plain, terse language the principles, the reasons that explain and justify our persistent attitude on the school problem. عود کننده

carousing

1.(adj)used of riotously drunken merrymaking "carousing bands of drunken soldiers" Synonyms: bacchanal, bacchanalian, bacchic, orgiastic In 1856, two soldiers stationed at Fort Townsend were late reporting to the garrison after a night of carousing at taverns in town. In Madrid, famous for late-night carousing, bars and restaurants must now close at 10 p.m., compared with pre-COVID closing times of 3 a.m., but people may find other ways of getting together for a drink. سرکشیدن -در مشروب افراط کردن -عیاشی کردن

statutorily

1.(adv)according to statute "placed statutorily under the council's supervision" Florida Republicans, largely because they just didn't like that voters flatly rejected certain GOP principles, ignored, slow-walked and statutorily gutted those amendments to thwart voters' intentions. He agreed after being told it was statutorily required, but does not want publicity around the effort, the officials said. از نظر قانونی

doctrinally

1.(adv)as a matter of doctrine Theologically, it's tricky; the Germans want further reformation from Henry, who may enjoy breaking up England's monasteries but seems comfortable enough, doctrinally, with Rome. He went on to explain that these predecessors failed because they were overtly ideological; their members fractious, their opinions splintered and doctrinally unsound. از نظر اعتقادی

federally

1.(adv)by federal government "it's federally regulated" Hunger surged, concentrated among the city's sizable low-income population, in a state that still allows for the federally mandated minimum wage of $7.25 an hour. The lawmakers called on the federal government to work with states to ensure that they administer federally mandated state exams فدرال

convincingly

1.(adv)in a convincing manner "he argued convincingly" Antonyms: unconvincingly Imagine being Messi, the greatest player of your generation, among the best ever to grace the sport, yet still not convincingly the finest from your country. Woods said that if the Rams "want to be that No. 1 team," the offense must reduce untimely penalties and finish games convincingly. به طور متقاعد کننده

liberally

1.(adv)in a generous manner "he gave liberally to several charities" Synonyms: generously, munificently (adv)freely in a nonliteral manner "he embellished his stories liberally" Talent and determination do, salted liberally with good luck and good health. His collagelike works borrow liberally from books, newspaper articles, internet chitchat. -رفتار بخشنده - با ازاذگی

curiously

1.(adv)in a manner differing from the usual or expected "had a curiously husky voice" Synonyms: oddly, peculiarly The hallmarks of a Rams passing offense that relied on the catch-and-run skills of receivers Robert Woods and Cooper Kupp were curiously absent. Ultimately it didn't matter on a day when quarterback Ben Roethlisberger passed for four touchdowns after Cincinnati curiously stacked the line of scrimmage and dared Roethlisberger to throw it. از روی کنجکاوی

courteously

1.(adv)in a polite manner Synonyms:politely In the political arena, Democrats, Republicans, independents and others need to act respectfully and courteously toward members of the other party or those with other political views. It dissolved when they approached the entrance, and the warders, quick to notice the band of splendid young strangers, led them courteously within and sent word to the King of their arrival. با ادب -مودبانه

quantitatively

1.(adv)in a quantitative manner "this can be expressed quantitatively" Let us not forget, however, that the United States is still in the midst, quantitatively speaking, of the largest racial justice movement in the country's history. More quantitatively — and related — fire suppression in California is big business, with impressive year-over-year growth. از لحاظ کمی

oddly

1.(adv)in a strange manner Synonyms:funnily, queerly, strangely An oddly shaped knife, she explains, is used for fish. "A Wealth of Pigeons," a collection of more than 130 cartoons at once surreal, silly, satirical and, at times, oddly moving, bears the initial fruits of their collaboration. سرگرم کننده - بطور غریب

frighteningly

1.(adv)in an alarming manner "the disturbing thing about the Minister's behavior is that far from being artificial, it too often rings frighteningly true" Synonyms: scarily Zia, barrister, Cape Town, South Africa We will be doing a scary movie marathon in the lounge with some frighteningly delicious homemade snacks. It was that hyper-vigilance that led Twitter to block links to The New York Post's article about Hunter Biden — a frighteningly disproportionate response to a story that other news organizations were handling with care. ترسناک

tactfully

1.(adv)showing tact or tactfulness; in a tactful manner "he stepped tactfully in to prevent trouble" Antonyms: tactlessly But don't "tactfully suggest" she put on some mascara as if she's forgotten something important, like making sure to put on shoes before she leaves the house. As the zoo's website tactfully states, "Naked mole-rats engage in behaviors that may seem rude by human standards." سنجیده-مدبرانه

prematurely

1.(adv)too soon; in a premature manner "I spoke prematurely" Synonyms:untimely Schroeder held a hearing on the motion last year but ended the proceedings prematurely before denying the request, according to Zelich. Lockdown sceptics pointed to these studies as evidence that more of the population was protected against Covid-19 than was thought, but some immunologists say they did so prematurely. نا به هنگام -

instantaneously

1.(adv)without any delay Synonyms:in a flash, instantly, outright Jeff Turner, a Dunleavy spokesperson, said the governor used the emergency messaging system "to reach the largest number of Alaskans possible instantaneously." Before the web made every publication instantaneously available to every reader, a newspaper assumed its audience was primarily local. فورا - در یک لحظه

harrow

1.(n)a cultivator that pulverizes or smooths the soil During the most harrowing weeks of the pandemic in April and May, she said, four residents died in a matter of hours, and 70 people in an 180-bed unit died in less than a month. Visiting Utah, even without fans, will always be harrowing. جریحه دار کردن - زخم کردن -اشفته کردن -

pining

1.(n)a feeling of deep longing Many of us miss our friends and our family members, we're going stir crazy, and we're pining for a semblance of normal life. It's as though he's pining for a friend he fears he'll never see again. ضعیف شدن - رنج و عذاب - محکم نگهداشتن

lawmarker

1.(n)a maker of laws; someone who gives a code of laws Synonyms: lawgiver Many state lawmakers, security personnel and visitors to the Capitol do not wear masks inside the building. Even Republican lawmakers who are refusing to buck Trump on the election's outcome say he should not be denying intelligence briefings to Biden. قانون گذار

bout

1.(n)a period(of) : "a bout of coughing" 2.(n)a (usually boxing) contest "a bout of fifteen five-minute rounds." a championship bout مسابقه قهرمانی a bout of the flu مدت زمان - دوره -مسابقه

training

1.(n)activity leading to skilled behavior Synonyms: grooming, preparation A person with knowledge of the situation said the U.S. is planning to invite 14 players, mostly G League players from last season, to Indianapolis for training camp. As a teenager, training as a newspaper reporter in Bristol involved interviewing the victims of bombing raids at the height of the Second World War. تعلیم - پرورش - اموزش - تحصیل

dabbler

1.(n)an amateur who engages in an activity without serious intentions and who pretends to have knowledge Synonyms: dilettante, sciolist 2.(n)any of numerous shallow-water ducks that feed by upending and dabbling But the fictional Veridian Dynamics, creator of products like "weaponized pumpkins" and dabbler in questionable human experiments, is no Sterling Cooper. Mr. Johnson created hundreds of sculptures, yet for many years he was considered a dabbler, a purveyor of kitsch, a rich dilettante who was scorned by critics and the art establishment. به طور سرسری کاری کردن

signaling

1.(n)any nonverbal action or gesture that encodes a message Synonyms: sign, signal "Instead of signaling its concern for Saudi Arabia's serious abuses, the G-20 is bolstering the Saudi government's well-funded publicity efforts to portray the country as 'reforming' despite a significant increase in repression since 2017." Hayward turned down a lot of money in Boston to test free agency, signaling a big payday is already in the works. علامت دهی

lashing

1.(n)beating with a whip or strap or rope as a form of punishment Synonyms: flagellation, flogging, tanning, whipping In one video from her tour, Zu Beck is on a deserted beach with waves lashing the shore. He also offered no public comment on Tropical Storm Eta lashing the Florida Keys. طعنه - شلاق زنی

cahoots

1.(n)collusion "in cahoots with" Type of: collusion, connivance In Wednesday's speech, Lukashenko accused Ukraine of working in cahoots with the U.S. and its allies to foment the protests demanding his resignation. He said they often work in cahoots with private clinics that pay the pirates for bringing patients in. تباهی - همدم - شرکت

sobbing

1.(n)convulsive gasp made while weeping Synonyms: sob It also means that when I am trying to enforce boundaries, they are also sobbing to me that they want their other parent. Not tear-slowly-trickling-down-Liam-Neeson's-cheek type crying, but sobbing uncontrollably, bodies heaving, faces contorted as men defy the concept of the stoic, "strong" male and face up to their emotions. گریه کردن - حق حق کردن -گریه زاری

dissimilitude

1.(n)dissimilarity evidenced by an absence of likeness Synonyms: unlikeness "But need our dissimilitudes sever—may they not be made rather ties to bind us more closely together," said he, tenderly. But these things we are not to urge, because we plead not for dissimilitude with the Papists in civil fashions, but in sacred and religious ceremonies. عدم شباهت- بی شباهتی

ace

1.(n)one of four playing cards in a deck having a single pip on its face 2.(n)(adj)(v)succeed at easily 3.(n)(v)a serve that the receiver is unable to reach4.vplay (a hole) in one stroke That was enough, because Medvedev never faced a break point the rest of the way; he finished with 12 aces. The bigger the test, the greater the statement if you ace it. آس - خبره - تک خال

idler

1.(n)person who does no work Synonyms: bum, do-nothing, layabout , loafer Oh, that would be the uncle who willed his farm and estate to Onegin, a charming idler. The government's report "A Nation at Risk," published in 1983, contained the line "History is not kind to idlers." الاف بیکار

enlisting

1.(n)the act of getting recruits; enlisting people for the army (or for a job or a cause etc.) Synonyms: recruitment Mr. Newsom said he is enlisting physicians to work with the state health department in vetting the final vaccine. France imposed curfews while other European nations are closing schools, canceling surgeries, and enlisting student medics. طلب کمک کردن از - به خدمت نظام رفتن - بهره گرفتن از - نام نویسی کردن

indulging

1.(n)the act of indulging or gratifying a desire Synonyms:humoring, indulgence, pampering We spent the weeks before the election, when the news was even louder and scarier than usual, indulging in this audiobook of stories about ancient Greek gods and goddesses, read by Stephen Fry. "Now my relationship with op-shops tends to the more prosaic; a cheap and environmentally legitimate means of indulging my consumerist and creative urges." شوخی کردن - رها ساختن -مخالفت نکردن-افراط کردن

trailing

1.(n)the pursuit (of a person or animal) by following tracks or marks they left behind Synonyms: tracking That is the second highest death count overall in the U.S., trailing only New York, according to researchers from Johns Hopkins University. But Baltimore was trailing heading into the locker room at halftime because of its suspect run defense — an area of the team decimated by injuries. دنبال کردن -

irrationality

1.(n)the state of being irrational; lacking powers of understanding Synonyms: unreason And surely any robotic weapons system is likely to be designed with some kind of override feature, which would be controlled by human operators, subject to all the normal human passions and irrationality. Jim: It seems like a more acute episode of the irrationality that's plagued his entire administration, which is that base politics alone is all he needs, since he won that way in 2016. بیخردانه - بی منطق - نا معقولانه -به طور غیر منطقی

turn out

1.(v)be shown or be found to be 2.(v)bring forth, "The apple tree bore delicious apples this year" 3.(v)come, usually in answer to an invitation or summons 4.(v)put out or expel from a place 5.(v)outfit or equip, as with accessories 6.(v)turn outward 7.(v)cause to stop operating by disengaging a switch با کلید خاموش کردن - تولید کردن-وارونه کردن-از کار درامدن -به نتیجه مطلوبی رسیدن

work over

1.(v)give a beating to; subject to a beating, either as a punishment or as an act of aggression Synonyms :beat, beat up In more than 100 job interviews for contract work over the past 20 years, Kaila said he got only one job offer when another Indian interviewed him in person. His work over the past seven years culminated into what he called an abstract art experience. ضربه زدن - زیاد کار کردن -تکرار کردن

cover up

1.(v)hide from view or knowledge Synonyms:cover The book, which builds on previous reporting, traces the efforts to cover up Agnew's crimes and bring him to justice. The minister said the report concluded that "conscious choices to cover up or to be dishonest should not be tolerated". پوشش

flare up

1.(v)ignite quickly and suddenly, especially after having died down "the fire flared up and died down once again" Types :inflame, kindle Introspection also became a means for Rimes to decompile the rigors of life and daily stresses which were aiding in causing her psoriasis to flare up. The country's racial divisions aren't just flaring up in city streets, government plazas and political discourse. خشمگین شدن - اشتعال ناگهانی -غصب ناگهانی

reintroduce

1.(v)introduce anew "We haven't met in a long time, so let me reintroduce myself" Synonyms: re-introduce معرفی

backdrop

A backdrop is the scenery that hangs behind the actors in a play. You might help to paint the backdrop for your school's production of "The Sound of Music." The backdrop is an important part of a theater production, since it provides a setting for a play or sets a mood for a musical performance. If you're watching a local version of "Oliver!" the backdrop might be designed to look like a London street scene, for example. The noun backdrop comes from US theater slang, from a combination of back and drop around 1913. 1.(n)scenery hung at back of stage Synonyms :backcloth, background With that backdrop Wednesday afternoon, Georgetown began the task of trying to rebuild the program after losing five transfers in the past year and another player who left early to turn pro. In June, against the backdrop of the Black Lives Matter movement, former England batsman Michael Carberry said that racism is "rife" in the game. پرده پشت صحنه تاتر -پس زمینه

ballot

A ballot is a document that lists the choices during an election. When running for office, a candidate's first goal is getting on the ballot. This Italian-derived word has proven remarkably successful by adapting itself to evolving voting technologies. It has been applied to devices used for casting votes from ancient times to the present, whether consisting of pottery, paper or pixels. Any kind of device, whether on paper or a computer screen, can be called a ballot if it lists the candidates and allows you to vote. 1.(n)a document listing the alternatives that is used in voting This happened in county after county: Trump performed worse than other Republicans on the ballot. Mr. Raffensperger, a Republican, recently discussed signature matching issues for absentee ballots with Senate Judiciary Committee Chairman Lindsey Graham of South Carolina. برگه رای - با ورقه رای دادن

barrage

A barrage is something that comes quickly and heavily — as an attack of bullets or artillery, or a fast spray of words. Sometimes in movies or news footage, the audience gets a glimpse from behind a mounted weapon and sees a heavy rain of bombs or bullets — called a barrage — going toward a target, sending as much POW! as possible to hit a wide area. Words become a barrage when spoken or written in uncontrollable anger or with overflowing emotion: "Her human-rights speech was a barrage of passion. It was hard to keep up with, but we felt the intensity of her cause." 1.(n)the heavy fire of artillery to saturate an area rather than hit a specific target "they laid down a barrage in front of the advancing troops" Synonyms: barrage fire, battery, bombardment, shelling The lobbying barrage arrives as epidemiologists continue to sound the alarms about the country's latest, and perhaps deadliest, coronavirus surge since March. The legal team now plans to barrage right-wing media and get more allies booked on Fox News. به طور مسلسل بیرون دادن - تعداد زیادی - سد اتشش -

chore

A chore is a duty or task you're obligated to perform, often one that is unpleasant but necessary. Washing the dishes is a chore, and so is completing a homework assignment you aren't excited about. Sometimes a thing that you wanted to do can become a chore if it ceases to be fun or interesting. Maybe Napoleon felt that conquering nations had become a chore by the time he was defeated in the Battle of Waterloo. The noun chore dates from the 18th century, when there were fewer appliances and more household tasks that needed to be done. 1.(n)a specific piece of work required to be done as a duty or for a specific fee "the farmer's morning chores" Synonyms: job, task Even after more surgery, and even though her videos are shared on message boards as an example of a transition to be envied, Holford still finds passing "a daily effort, a daily chore". "I'm not in a job where you retire. I work very long hours and enjoy it; it's never a chore," he adds. -کار - چیزی ک اجباری هست - کار نا خوشایند - کار پر زحمت

congenial

A congenial person is easy to get along with. If you're trying to decide which of your friends to take on a road trip, choose the most congenial one. Congenial means sharing the same temperament, or agreeing with your temperament. You can talk about a congenial person, place, or environment. Maybe you enjoy the congenial atmosphere of the library. Or perhaps for you the disco is more congenial. As you might expect for such a vaguely approving word, there are many synonyms: agreeable, pleasant, delectable, delightful, enjoyable, and so on. 1.(adj)suitable to your needs "a congenial atmosphere to work in" ""two congenial spirits united...by mutual confidence and reciprocal virtues"- T.L.Peacock" Synonyms:compatible 2.(adj)(used of plants) capable of cross-fertilization or of being grafted They all undergo daily testing for the coronavirus, then study game film before engaging in spirited but congenial debate. The mood Thursday was far more congenial, with Sullivan heaping praise on the postal workers. هم سلییقه - هم خو - هم مشرب

conspiracy

A conspiracy is a secret agreement between two or more people to commit an unlawful or harmful act. Conspiracy theorists are people who believe that the government is secretly controlled by power brokers in flagrant violation of the constitution. Conspiracy can also refer to the act of planning an unlawful or harmful act: Terrorists might be accused of organizing a conspiracy to overthrow the government. Conspiracy is ultimately from Latin cōnspīrāre "to agree or plot together, literally to breathe together." The corresponding English verb is conspire. 1.(n)a plot to carry out some harmful or illegal act (especially a political plot) Synonyms: cabal A quarter of a century ago, the Cassandras of their day — those dismissed as peddlers of false conspiracy theories — warned of "peak oil." The president proceeded to espouse baseless conspiracy theories without providing any proof, making clear he isn't abandoning his contention that the election was somehow stolen from him. نقشه خیانت امیز- توطعه - دسیسه

constitution

A constitution is a statement of the basic principles and laws of a nation, state, or group, such as the U.S. Constitution. Another very common meaning of constitution is the physical makeup of a person. The noun constitution is from Latin, from constitutus, "set up, established," plus the suffix -ion, meaning "act, state, or condition." So think of a constitution as how a body (yours, the government's) is set up. If you have a strong constitution, it means you don't get sick very often. 1.(n)the act of forming or establishing something "the constitution of a PTA group last year" Synonyms:establishment, formation, organisation, organization 2.(n)law determining the fundamental political principles of a government 3.(n)the way in which someone or something is composed Both sides accused each other of ignoring the constitution. They also sparked a debate about sharia's compatibility with Nigeria's secular constitution. قانون اساسی - تشکیل - مشروطیت -

cornerstone

A cornerstone is literally a stone at the corner of a building. It's an important stone, so it also means "the basic part of something," as in, the cornerstone of the suffragette movement was getting women the right to vote. When a building goes up, putting in the cornerstone is a big deal and people celebrate. Many cornerstones are engraved with historical information about the building, such as the year the building was built. The cornerstone is sometimes made of a different material from the rest of the building too. From the sense of "foundation," cornerstone also means "essential element." If you're really into Italian food, you might say that pasta is the cornerstone of your diet. 1.(n)a stone at the outer corner of two intersecting masonry walls 2.(n)the fundamental assumptions from which something is begun or developed or calculated or explained "But actually, we should see this change in guidance as part of the necessary evolution. That's the cornerstone of a solid public health response." UBI was a cornerstone of the campaign of Andrew Yang last year during the Democratic presidential primaries in the United States. پایه - اساس - پایه خانه

detractor

A detractor is someone who puts you down. When you're proposing ideas at work, your detractor is the person who finds fault with everything you say. Use the noun detractor for someone who is always critical. You might describe your brother as a detractor of the government if he complains incessantly about taxes, voting, the President, and all the members of Congress. If a person takes a dislike to you in particular, he is your own personal detractor. The origin of detractor goes back to the Latin word detrahere, "take down, pull down, or disparage." 1.(n)one who disparages or belittles the worth of something Synonyms: depreciator, disparager, knocker Even detractors concede that the president, as promised, delivered one of the most activist immigration agendas ever, transforming the goals and direction of the system across government agencies. A win, and a comfortable one that looks good, is the bare minimum required if Pivac is to get some breathing space from his detractors. بد گو - انرزی منفی دادن

disruption

A disruption is a major disturbance, something that changes your plans or interrupts some event or process. A screaming child on an airplane can be a disruption of the passengers' sleep. A break in the action, especially an unplanned and confusing one, is a disruption. A sudden thunderstorm is an unwelcome disruption of an outdoor wedding ceremony, and a flat tire on an elaborate float will probably cause a parade disruption. When you disrupt something, you upset it or mess it up. In Latin disrupt means "broken into pieces," from dis, "apart," and rumpere, "to break." 1.(n)an act of delaying or interrupting the continuity Synonyms: break, gap, interruption More aid, she said, was necessary to "prevent this temporary disruption from becoming permanent destruction." On top of that, some retailers are keeping more inventory on hand because of disruptions to supply chains during the global crisis. قطع - شکستن

falsehood

A falsehood is a lie. If your mom has an uncanny knack for knowing when you're telling a falsehood, it means she always knows when you're stretching the truth. The noun falsehood is a slightly fancy or old-fashioned way of saying "lie." It's hard to ever completely trust a friend again once he's told you a falsehood, although sometimes people tell small falsehoods simply to make others feel better. Telling your aunt her pink hair looks fine is a small falsehood, while lying about your grades on a college application is a pretty big falsehood. The Latin root is falsus, "deceived or erroneous." 1.(n)a false statement Synonyms: falsity, untruth Others noted that publishers would face credibility issues if they released a book by a public figure known for spreading falsehoods and misinformation. "His dishonesty and his falsehoods are as basic a part of the who-what-where landscape as the color of his tie," he said. دروغ - کذبب- سخن دروغ

flag

A flag is a piece of cloth that represents a country, group, or institution. If you're particularly proud of your Irish heritage, you might fly an Irish flag in your front yard. A real flag enthusiast might fly the American flag, their state flag, their city's flag, and the flag of their parents' birth countries. There are also flags used for signaling on ships at sea and during races and sporting events, and flags that represent armies or advertise products. When flag is used as a verb, it means "to lose energy or enthusiasm." When students start to flag in the afternoon, they tend to take a quick nap — sitting up at their desks. 1.(n)(v)emblem usually consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth of distinctive design 2.(n)a listing printed in all issues of a newspaper or magazine (usually on the editorial page) that gives the name of the publication and the names of the editorial staff, etc. 3.(n)plants with sword-shaped leaves and erect stalks bearing bright-colored flowers composed of three petals and three drooping sepals 4.(n)stratified stone that splits into pieces suitable as paving stones 5.(n)a conspicuously marked or shaped tail 6.(v)droop, sink, or settle from or as if from pressure or loss of tautness he lawsuit says the company continued to collect the debts "even after receiving multiple red flags that these debts were invalid." Maradona's coffin - draped in Argentina's national flag and football shirt, bearing his trademark No 10 - was on public display at the presidential palace in Buenos Aires earlier in the day. پرچم - بیرق -سنگ فرش - علم - سست کردن -خرد شدن

fledgling

A fledgling is a fuzzy baby bird just learning to fly, or someone (like a baby bird) who's brand new at doing something. Awww. If you're not talking about a baby bird, fledgling is often used as an adjective describing a new participant in something, like a fledgling senator still learning the ropes of how to legislate, or a fledgling drama program trying to build audiences for its plays. It can also mean inexperienced and young, like the fledgling photographer for the school paper who accidentally erases all the pictures. If you're British, spell it fledgeling if you like, both spellings are correct. 1.(n)(adj)young bird that has just fledged or become capable of flying 2.(n)adjany new participant in some activity The fledgling green mortgage market, which offers loans depending on whether a building is environmentally-friendly, may face a similar problem. Another fledgling business creates high-tech coral farms and uses remotely operated submarines to distribute baby corals onto threatened reefs. تازه کار - جوجه تازه پروبال اورده

garrulous

A garrulous person just won't stop talking (and talking, and talking, and talking...). Garrulous comes from the Latin word garrire for "chattering or prattling." If someone is garrulous, he doesn't just like to talk; he indulges in talking for talking's sake — whether or not there's a real conversation going on. If you discover that you have a garrulous neighbor sitting next to you on the plane, you might just want to feign sleep, unless you really want to hear everything going through his mind for the entire trip. 1.(adj)full of trivial conversation Synonyms: chatty, gabby, loquacious, talkative, talky Traveling creatures, migratory birds, wandering foxes, rambling squirrels and garrulous hares—they all stopped and chatted with the old mouse, partaking of his hospitality, never dreaming of hurting him in any way. White then enlisted a stocky, garrulous, and blond-haired former Texas Ranger who, according to a superior, was best suited for situations "where there is any element of danger." پرحرف - با پر حرفی -

glitch

A glitch is a problem or malfunction, usually a temporary one, in a system or machine. Your science fair team might experience a major glitch in your plans if you lose your data tables as the result of a computer glitch. Glitch is a pretty new word, introduced in the 1960s when the science and technology of space flight was being developed. It originally meant a sudden surge of electrical current that caused a disturbance or malfunction. The word can also be used more broadly to describe any unexpected difficultly, like the glitch in your travel plans that resulted from airport delays. 1.(n)a fault or defect in a computer program, system, or machine Synonyms: bug Too many election hardware glitches is one thing. That does not mean that mistakes do not happen or that there are not glitches along the way. a glitch in the spacecraft's engine اشتباه - سهو - عیب فنی

governor

A governor leads a state government, just like a president leads a national government. If you know that governing means to be in charge of something, that should help you remember what a governor is. Just as mayors run cities and presidents and prime ministers run countries, governors run states. A governor is elected for a term, has a vice governor, and deals with a legislature, just like the U.S. President. Governor is a very important title in the U.S., and many governors — such as Bill Clinton and George H.W. Bush — have gone on to become U.S. presidents. 1.(n)the head of a state government 2.(n)a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (as by controlling the supply of fuel) Synonyms: regulator Fourteen men were charged earlier this fall in an alleged plot to kidnap the governor in anger over her COVID-19 restrictions. On Monday, New Jersey's governor reimposed restrictions on public and private gatherings in the state to stop the spread of the virus. فرماندار - حاکم - حکمران -

heresy

A heresy is a belief that doesn't agree with the official tenets of a particular religion; heresy is the maintaining of such contrary beliefs. Heresy can be used figuratively: to disagree with the school committee's decisions is considered pure heresy by the faculty. You'll often come across this word in a religious context — the Latin root haeresis, "school of thought or sect," was used by Christian writers to mean "unorthodox sect or belief." This comes from the Greek hairesis, "a taking or choosing," from hairein, "to choose." A person who chooses to believe in heresies is called a heretic. 1.(n)a belief that rejects the orthodox tenets of a religion Synonyms:unorthodoxy There's orthodoxy, and there's heresy. Why can't there be a third and a fourth and the fifth choice?" "She taught something called Hidden Religion, which was about spiritual and political heresies," he said by email. کفر - مرتد - از دین برگشته

hesitation

A hesitation is a pause. If your friend asks you, "Do you like my new haircut?" you'd better make sure there's not a second's hesitation before you answer, "Yes, of course!" Hesitation happens when you feel uncertainty or doubt. It can be a pause in speech, a faltering moment before you act, or a silent second of indecision. If your friend's dog is growling and staring you down, but she tells you he won't bite, that feeling that something not feeling right that stops you from petting him is hesitation. The Latin root of hesitation is haesitationem, which means irresolution or uncertainty. 1.(n)the act of pausing uncertainly "there was a hesitation in his speech" Synonyms: falter, faltering, waver "We started to look into it in the middle of January, but there was a hesitation," he says. She revealed everyday Americans willing to offer a helping hand with no hesitation during tough times continue to inspire her. درنگ -تامل - دودلی

accolades

A knight being honored with the tap of a sword-blade was the earliest form of accolade. Today, an accolade is more than a way to bestow knighthood, it is a form of praise or an award. 1.(n) tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction Synonyms: award, honor, honour, laurels At the center was Eberhart, "a supernova, receiving one accolade after another." Now Rashford is using the announcement of his royal accolade to urge Johnson's administration to extend the food program. ستایش -افتخار -احترام -برنده شدن

lawsuit

A lawsuit is the result of a disagreement that ends up in court. A long-running feud between neighbors about a flock of chickens and a barking dog might eventually end up as a lawsuit. If someone files a lawsuit against you, you become a defendant, while they are the plaintiff. Lawsuits are always part of civil law, rather than criminal cases, involving something some kind of financial or personal loss. When you're embroiled in a lawsuit, you'll probably need to hire a lawyer. This legal term dates from the 17th century. 1.(n)a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy Synonyms: case, causa, cause, suit After nine days with virtually no food, he became unresponsive, the lawsuit said, and guards tried to revive him using the opioid-overdose-reversal drug naloxone. The lawsuit alleges the company violated state false claims and unjust enrichment laws, and seeks damages and civil penalties. دادخواهی - دعوی - مرافعه - طرح دعوی در دادگاه

Legislature

A legislature is a governing body that makes laws and can also amend or repeal them. The word legislature comes from the Latin word for "law" — legis. In the US, each state has a legislature — made up of the elected state senators and assemblymen or women, or representatives. The US Congress is the national legislature. These bodies, whose members are often referred to as "law-makers," make up the legislative branch of government, as distinct from the executive and judicial branches. 1.(n)persons who make or amend or repeal laws Synonyms: general assembly, law-makers, legislative assembly, legislative body "Democrats were supposed to flip the Senate and didn't, supposed to flip state legislatures, not a one," Mr. Maher said. Republicans clung on to power in state legislatures in Florida, Iowa, Minnesota and North Carolina, and took control of New Hampshire. مجلس - قوه مقننه - پارلمان -کنگره

lieutenant

A lieutenant is a commissioned officer in the armed forces or the police who can take command if her higher-ups aren't around. Lieutenant is pronounced "loo-TEN-unt." If you're confused about all those vowels, blame the French, because the word comes from the French words lieu, meaning "place," and tenant meaning "holding." A lieutenant is someone who holds the place of authority for the person who really has it. If you start a super secret club, you should choose someone to be the lieutenant who can run meetings when you're not there. 1.(n)a commissioned military officer A U.S. lieutenant holds a ridge in Korea with his men, a U.N. woman and three Britons in a tank. Calling on enablers: Trump is relying on figures such as Ken Starr; the lieutenant governor in Texas; and J Christian Adams, a former justice department official, to continue their crusade against so-called voter fraud. ستوان - نایب - ناوبان - وکیل -

loquacious

A loquacious person talks a lot, often about stuff that only they think is interesting. You can also call them chatty or gabby, but either way, they're loquacious. Whenever you see the Latin loqu-, you can be sure that the word has something to do with "talking." So a loquacious person is a person who talks a lot, and often too much. Sitting next to a loquacious person at a dinner party can make dinner a real drag. Of course, if you've got nothing to say, a loquacious person might make a good dinner companion, because they'll do all the talking. All you will have to do is smile and eat. 1.(adj)full of trivial conversation Synonyms: chatty, gabby, garrulous, talkative, talky But Leach, a loquacious coach with a Pepperdine law degree, suggested there were some practical issues at play with using what he described as a "face sock." The loquacious cornerback said he turned down an offer last month to rejoin the New England Patriots. پرگو - وراج - پر حرف

mentor

A mentor is a person who trains and guides someone, like the second-grade English teacher who saw the spark of creativity in your writing and encouraged you to become a professional author. The original Mentor was a character in Homer's epic poem The Odyssey; Mentor looked after Odysseus's family, particularly his son Telemachus, while Odysseus was off fighting in the Trojan War. Today the word is used to describe any person who acts as an advisor or teacher. As a noun, mentor describes the coach who taught you to play baseball. As a verb, mentor is what the coach does to help you improve your swing. 1.(n)a wise and trusted guide and advisor Synonyms:wise man "They don't try to be his mentor; they don't grade his film," Archie Manning said. Mahuta said her father was her mentor and a tough taskmaster. مربی - معلم سرخانه

miser

A miser is someone who hoards his or her own wealth and doesn't share or spend any of it. If you remember the old saying "You can't take it with you!" — then you won't end up acting stingy like a miser. The most famous fictional miser is probably Scrooge in Dickens's A Christmas Carol. The image of his shivering with cold while he counts his coins illustrates the misery often associated with misers. To be a miser, your impulse to hoard means you won't even indulge yourself by spending money for fear of depleting your stash. 1.(n)a stingy hoarder of money and possessions (often living miserably) In some cases — the miser growing old alone, the dictator consumed by paranoia — the wicked may suffer as a kind of fitting, self-created punishment for their sins. The Uriminzokkiri editorial took exception to those who "turn the tragic division of Korea into a source of entertainment", calling them "misers and human rubbish without any conscience". The miser starved their children and hoarded(تلنبار) money . خسیس - ادم خسیس

myriad

A myriad is a lot of something. If you're talking about Ancient Greece, a myriad is ten thousand, but today you can use the word in myriad other ways. Myriad comes from the Greek myrioi, the word for ten thousand, or less specifically, a countless amount. Myriad can be a noun, like a myriad of choices, or an adjective, like when you study myriad subjects in college. If you lift a rock you might find a myriad of bugs. Sticklers often look down their noses at using myriad as a noun, but that usage came first. 1.(n)a large indefinite number "he faced a myriad of details" (adj)too numerous to be counted "myriad stars" Synonyms: countless, infinite, innumerable, innumerous, multitudinous, numberless, uncounted, unnumberable, unnumbered, unnumerable A crisp, dry sparkling wine would be an obvious choice, whether Champagne, cava or the myriad others made around the world. There are myriad other costs too — including, Dr. Shah noted, paying for secure convoys to transport the vaccine once it gets to states. بی شمار - هزاره ها - ده هزار

narrative

A narrative is a story that you write or tell to someone, usually in great detail. A narrative can be a work of poetry or prose, or even song, theater, or dance. Often a narrative is meant to include the "whole story." A summary will give a few key details and then the narrative will delve into the details. "I hate to interrupt your narrative," is a polite way of stopping someone in the middle of a story. The origin of this noun is the Latin adjective narrativus, from narrare "to tell," from gnarus "knowing." It is related to our English verb know. 1.(n)a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program "his narrative was interesting" Synonyms:narration, story, tale Now they want creative teams to immerse potential customers in narratives that practically mythologize their brands, and storytelling is perhaps the industry's No. 1 buzzword. In Wong's oeuvre, this sense of thrilling instability extends even to the narratives themselves. داستان - روایت - قصه - شرح - داستان سرایی

naysayer

A naysayer is a person who always says "No." Naysayers are negative and cynical — they aren't much fun to be around. If you respond to every invitation with, "No thanks — I wouldn't have fun anyway," and answer questions about how your day was with a list of complaints, you're a naysayer. It's your negative, pessimistic attitude that makes you a naysayer. In the 1600s a nay-say was a "refusal," from the now less common use of nay to mean "no." 1.(n)someone with an aggressively negative attitude Types:technophobe For the California Republican, it cements his role as a political survivor who brushed back naysayers and parlayed an alliance with President Donald Trump to revive his path to one day possibly becoming House speaker. The defending champion's chances heading into this event were seen as remote; how Woods silenced the naysayers with a wonderfully composed 68. کسی که همیشه نه میگه ادم منفی باف

parsimonious

A parsimonious person is unwilling to spend a lot of money. You know those people who count up every penny when it's time to split a restaurant bill? You can call them parsimonious. Or cheap. Stingy is the most common and general synonym of parsimonious, but there are many other near synonyms, including thrifty, frugal, penurious, niggardly, penny-pinching, miserly, tight-fisted, tight. The adjective parsimonious was formed in English from the noun parsimony, "the quality of being careful in spending." It is a combination of the Latin verb parcere, "to spare," plus an Old French suffix -ous, "having the quality of." 1.(adj)excessively unwilling to spend "parsimonious thrift relieved by few generous impulses" Synonyms: penurious The deal transcended years of opposition from parsimonious northern European countries like Germany and the Netherlands against issuing common debt. Miller is as parsimonious in his personal life as he expects others to be in government. خسیس - صرفه جو

period

A period is all about defining when something begins and ends. Class periods usually last about forty-five minutes. Following the last food fight, there was a period of relative peace in the school. You know that dot at the end of a sentence? That's a period too. It means the sentence is over. In sports, games are often divided into playing periods: an ice hockey game, for example, has three periods. If you're a dinosaur buff, you know that this word can also refer to expanses of geologic time. The stegosaurus lived during the Jurassic period, for example, while the Tyrannosaurus rex and triceratops lived during the Cretaceous period. 1.(n)an amount of time "a time period of 30 years" "hastened the period of time of his recovery" "Picasso's blue period" 2.(n)a punctuation mark (.) placed at the end of a declarative sentence to indicate a full stop or after abbreviations "in England they call a period a stop" Synonyms: full point, full stop, point, stop If someone commits the crime three or more times within a 60-day period, it becomes a felony. New Jersey's enrollment period will stretch to Jan. 31, six weeks longer than last year and more than a month beyond the federal exchange's deadline of Dec. 15. پریود - نقطه

pithy

A pithy phrase or statement is brief but full of substance and meaning. Proverbs and sayings are pithy; newspaper columnists give pithy advice. The root of this word is pith, which refers to the spongy tissue in plant stems, or the white part under the skin of citrus fruits. Pith is also used figuratively to refer to the essential part of something: They finally got to the pith of the discussion. Pith descends from Middle English, from Old English pitha "the pith of plants." In the adjective pithy, the suffix -y means "characterized by." 1.(adj)concise and full of meaning "welcomed her pithy comments" Synonyms: sententious Funny notes of late wisecrack about all sorts of pithy pandemic problems, from the cheesy to the candid. At her confirmation hearing in 1993, Justice Ginsburg distilled the responsibilities of nominees into a pithy phrase: "no hints, no forecasts, no previews." مختصر- مفید - پرمغز

battlefield

A place where fighting happens, especially during a war, can be called a battlefield. If you visit Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, you'll see a famous Civil War battlefield. There are many Civil War battlefields in the southern United States, and New England is the site of several Revolutionary War battlefields. While the physical land where a battle is fought is the most common kind of battlefield, there are also figurative battlefields, like a classroom in which competing ideas are angrily hashed out. The equivalent word in Old English is wælstow, or "slaughter-place." 1.(n)a region where a battle is being (or has been) fought "they made a tour of Civil War battlefields" Synonyms: battleground, field, field of battle, field of honor During the negotiations, our remaining troops will back Afghan security forces as they keep the Taliban from a battlefield victory and continue to lead the fight against terrorist groups. "If they don't want people to be violent," said Mr. Habib, the owner of the video gaming den, "they should stop the war on the battlefield." میدان جنگ - میدان -رزمگاه

portrait

A portrait is a portrayal of a person, usually showing the person's face (but not always). A portrait can be a painting, a photograph, an ink drawing, a sculpture — or even a description in words or in a film. Portrait is a term often used when talking about artwork. Go to an art museum, especially one that has a historic collection, and you'll likely see many portraits hanging on the walls. Formal portraits were commissioned by wealthy people throughout history. A portrait can also be a written description of someone's appearance or character. If you describe your Mom in such detail that everyone can imagine what she's like, you've created a portrait of her. 1.(n)any likeness of a person, in any medium "the photographer made excellent portraits" Synonyms: portrayal His official portrait hung for decades on walls alongside the country's ruler. This portrait of childhood loss morphs into a tale of giving back, friendship and finding meaning in life. تصویر - نقاشی - پیکر - تصویر کردن

pronouncement

A pronouncement is an official announcement, like the kind politicians make. It's formal and comes from someone in charge. The mayor of your town might make a pronouncement about the importance of not littering. When you make a pronouncement, you're certain about what you're saying and say it with authority. A school principal's pronouncement about not running in the halls might be broadcast over the intercom so everyone can hear it. A big brother might make a pronouncement about what's for dinner. Feel free to ignore him, but not the principal or the mayor, unless you want to get in trouble. Pronouncement comes from the Latin word pronuntiare, "to proclaim or announce." 1.(n)an authoritative declaration Synonyms: dictum, say-so The Gregory who emerges in his autobiographical first book, "This Is Not My Memoir," is older and more quietly reflective, less prone to grandiose pronouncements and more humbly accepting of the wisdom between words. And in doing so, Mr. Trump is saving his most dangerous pronouncements for — hopefully — his final ones. اعلامیه رسمی - صدور رای-اظهار عقیده رسمی

pundit

A pundit is a well-known expert, someone whose opinions show up on television, online, or in the newspaper. Some TV news programs are nothing more than a bunch of pundits arguing about current events. Why not just call them experts? Because pundit is a lovely word that is very close to its Sanskrit root, payndita-s, "learned man or scholar." Originally, a pundit was a "learned Hindu" or Sanskrit expert. Today's classic examples of the pundit are guests on talk radio and professional sports commentators, all brilliant dispensers of insights, statistics, and occasional hot air. 1.(n)a person with special knowledge or ability who performs skillfully Synonyms: expert For many conservative pundits, however, Parler serves as just another soapbox for the same messages they already share widely elsewhere. Some of those folks include conservative pundits Candace Owens and Ben Shapiro, who drew sharp criticism on social media last week for shaming Styles while others celebrated him. دانشمند

reel

A reel is a cylinder that can be wound with flexible material like film or fishing line. If you found dozens of reels of old home movies in your grandparents' attic, you'd search for a projector. You might find an old movie reel, a reel of copper wire, or a fishing reel. Use the reel on your fishing pole to reel in your fish! Yes, it's a verb, too. And it's a lively folk dance — or the music for it — from Scotland (Highland reel), or America (Virginia reel). As a verb, reel also means to sway from dizziness. If an ear infection messes with your balance, you might reel down the hall like you were drunk. 1.(n)(v)a winder around which thread or tape or film or other flexible materials can be wound 2.(v)(n)a lively dance of Scottish Highlanders; marked by circular moves and gliding steps But when Metcalf keeps making spectacular plays, it's hard to reel in the expectations. The reeling student body cheered on the Dodgers. حلقه - قرقره - چرخک -پشت سر هم - -چرخیدن - گیج خوردن

roundabout

A roundabout is an intersection that uses a circular junction instead of stoplights or stop signs to manage traffic flow. Instead of every car stopping, they enter the roundabout slowly, and traffic moves almost continuously. In the UK, an amusement park ride that moves in a circle, like a carousel, is also a roundabout, but in North America this noun almost always means what's sometimes called a "traffic circle" or a "rotary." As an adjective, roundabout describes things that aren't straightforward, but are indirect or unclear: "After his roundabout confession, I'm not even sure he realizes what he did wrong." 1.(n)(adj)a road junction at which traffic streams circularly around a central island Synonyms: circle, rotary, traffic circle 2.(n)a large, rotating machine with seats for children to ride or amusement The protesters started from various points in the city, converged on a downtown roundabout and walked to the house of right-wing ruling party leader Jaroslaw Kaczynski. This is a roundabout way of saying that not everything need be about Trump. غیر مستقیم-قوس دار-دور زنی در سخن-چرخ فلک-

rumor

A rumor is a story which may not be true. Everyone may be talking about the rap superstar who stopped for ice cream in your town, but until there's proof that it really happened, the whole thing is just a rumor. Are rumors ever true? Of course — sometimes word gets out ahead of time, like when a student overhears teachers talking about the early dismissal before it is announced. When the school closes early, the rumor is confirmed. But many other rumors can never be confirmed, so they stay just that, rumors. True, false, semi-true: who knows? The Latin word rumorem, or noise, is the origin; noise is often all that a rumor is. 1.(n)gossip (usually a mixture of truth and untruth) passed around by word of mouth Synonyms: hearsay, rumour (v)tell or spread rumors "It was rumored that the next president would be a woman" Synonyms: bruit, rumour In "The Balmoral Test," Diana, now rumored to be Prince Charles' girlfriend, is trailed by photographers on her way to work. If you listened to his response to the Lakers trade rumors last week, it sure as hell seems like the San Antonio Spurs guard wants Los Angeles. شایعه - چغلی - شایعه گفتن یا پخش کردن

safeguard

A safeguard is a defense or precaution. You could describe a flu shot as a safeguard against getting sick, for example. Safeguards protect against something negative, whether it's an attacking army invading a country or a boy you don't like much asking you to the prom. A store's security system is a safeguard against theft, and a secret password is a safeguard against your sister reading your email. You can use it as a verb too: "We clearly need to safeguard our Halloween candy so Mom and Dad don't steal it after we go to bed." 1.(n)a precautionary measure warding off impending danger or damage or injury etc. "an insurance policy is a good safeguard" Synonyms: guard, precaution An ongoing investigation is being led by officers from the Met's Central North Command Unit safeguarding team. Good communication about the new vaccines will mean not only clarity about the advantages and safeguards, but acknowledgments and explanations of potential risks and uncertainties, putting them into context. حفاظ - پناه - حفظ کردن - حراست کردن

stopgap

A stopgap is a temporary solution to a problem, like a piece of cardboard taped over the broken window in your car. Until you can get it fixed, you need a stopgap. This sturdy English native dates to the early 16th century, and like its semantic cousin makeshift, it seems to have been cobbled together by the two closest words at hand. Both words actually originated from phrasal use of their components: stop a gap for the first, and make shift for the second. Not that they're jury-rigged in any way! 1.(n)something contrived to meet an urgent need or emergency Synonyms: make-do, makeshift When those stopgap measures fell short, schools turned to their largest expense: personnel. And while community gardens like Hermitage Community Gardens and Breonna's Roots serve as a stopgap in warmer months, they aren't a replacement for equitable food access and distribution systems. چاره موقت - راه حل سریع - -جایگزین

taxonomy

Taxonomy is all about organizing and classifying. To make it sound more scientific, you could refer to your project of reorganizing your spice rack according to smell as a taxonomy of spices. Taxonomy is a word used mainly in biology to talk about classifying living organisms, organizing them according to their similarities. If you've ever seen a chart with animals divided into species, genus, and family, you know what scientific taxonomy is. The word comes very straightforwardly from Greek words for "arrangement" — taxis — and "method" — nomia. So any special method for arranging or organizing things can be called taxonomy. 1.(n)a classification of organisms into groups based on similarities of structure or origin etc The world of succulents is a wide one, with a taxonomy that's a bit Wild West, except among botanical gardens and serious specialty nurseries and collectors. She earned her PhD from the University of California Riverside in 2019 where she studied the taxonomy and ecology of Washingtonia, a group of palms found in southern California and Baja California, Mexico. طبقه بندی - علم رده بندی

berate

A strong verb for harshly cutting someone down with words is berate. "He didn't just correct the cashier who gave him the wrong change — he started to berate her, calling her names in front of the whole store." When you berate someone, you do more than just raise your voice at them; berate implies putting someone down by insulting their character. This word comes from a 16th-century English and French root meaning "to scold or blame." Often the anger behind the scolding seems over-the-top, as in "When the young man behind the counter dropped the scoop of vanilla, the manager berated him excessively by declaring him worthless and weak." (v)censure severely or angrily Synonyms: bawl out, call down, call on the carpet, chew out, chew up, chide, dress down, have words, jaw, lambast, lambaste, lecture, rag, rebuke, remonstrate, reprimand, reproof, scold, take to task, trounce, vituperate Most Egyptian media are supportive of el-Sissi and regularly berate critics as traitors or supporters of the banned Muslim Brotherhood group, which is officially designated as a terrorist organization. Before the governor's order, Ms. Ransier asked her staff to wear masks, but a few customers berated her employees — some of whom are in high school — over the decision. سرزنش کردن - تحقیر کردن

subordinate

A subordinate is someone who works for someone else. As a verb, to subordinate means to place or rank one thing below another. When you're doing a group project, sometimes you have to subordinate your ideas to the desires of the larger group. The prefix sub- means "lower" and ordinate refers to an ordering of things. In the army, a private is subordinate to an officer. You can also say the private is a subordinate. When it's an adjective or noun, the word is pronounced "suh-BOR-duh-nit." When it's a verb, it's pronounced "suh-BOR-duh-nate." Don't subordinate one pronunciation to the other: they're both equally important. 1.(n)an assistant subject to the authority or control of another Synonyms: foot soldier, subsidiary, underling Within hours, new ripples of hostility on social media reached Whitmer and her subordinates. "He was a trusted subordinate for Zawahri and served Al Qaeda in senior roles, including in its propaganda arm." تابع - وابسته - فرعی-مطیع -فرمانبر

subpoena

A subpoena is a document that requires its recipient to appear in court as a witness. If you receive a subpoena, it doesn't mean you've done anything wrong; it just means you may have information that's needed by the court. Subpoena can also be a verb: You can subpoena someone by giving them a subpoena. If you receive a subpoena but fail to carry out its instructions, you're in big trouble. This fact is suggested by the Latin roots of this word: the prefix sub- means "under" and poena means "penalty." One nice thing about a subpoena is that it's not a summons; if you get one of those, it means you're being sued. 1.(n)a writ issued by court authority to compel the attendance of a witness at a judicial proceeding; disobedience may be punishable as a contempt of court Synonyms: subpoena ad testificandum The GOP majority on the Judiciary panel threatened Zuckerberg and Dorsey with subpoenas last month if they didn't agree to voluntarily testify for Tuesday's hearing. "There are subpoenas and seizures and documents all over the place, as well as constant meetings with lawyers," Mr. Alonso said, adding, "It would certainly not be pleasant for him." احضاریه - حکم اخضار - فرخوان نامه

suspect

A suspect is a person who is believed to be guilty of a crime. If you leave the scene of a murder with blood on your hands and a weapon in your pocket, you're likely to become a prime suspect. If others believe you have committed a crime, you are a suspect. The word can also be used as a verb and an adjective. To suspect someone of something is to believe that they probably did it. Do you ever suspect your parents of taking some of your Halloween candy? If something such as someone's excuse or motive is suspect, it seems a bit off. That bad-smelling piece of fish is suspect — you'd better not eat it. 1.(v)regard as untrustworthy; regard with suspicion; have no faith or confidence in Synonyms: distrust, mistrust Antonyms: bank, rely, swear, trust They did not immediately release the names of the victim or the suspect. The sergeant saw the suspect pointing the gun toward people inside the warehouse, prompting the sergeant to shoot, police said. مظنون - متهم

symphony

A symphony is the name of a type of classical music (a long, complex sonata) and the large orchestra that plays that music. If you go to a concert hall to see a piece of Beethoven or another composer, you're going to hear a symphony — a type of complicated, orchestral music played by a symphony orchestra. A symphony usually includes strings, horns, drums, piano and has a conductor to lead the group by waving a baton. You can also use this word as a comparison: A gorgeous spring day could be called a symphony of beauty and new life. 1.(n)a long and complex sonata for symphony orchestra Synonyms: symphonic music Just as in an orchestra, it is essential for members of these groups to adhere to the roles assigned to them for the symphony to sound right. The ensuing symphony of microaggressions and melodrama is deceptively mundane; swirling tensions reach a fever pitch over a musical arrangement, a stutter and an ice-cold bottle of Coca-Cola. نوا - هم نوایی - قطعه طولانی موسیقی

diva

Technically, a diva is a big-time female opera star. Beverly Sills and Maria Callas were two of the world's most renowned divas. More commonly, though, we call anyone who thinks they're more fabulous than everyone else a diva. The word diva was a compliment, one reserved for only the greatest singers in the world. Lately, though, diva has come to describe someone that's acting entitled or holier than thou. A person who acts like the world revolves around her is a diva. If you walk into a packed restaurant and demand the best table snapping, "Don't you know who I am?", well, that's diva behavior. 1.(n)a distinguished female operatic singer; a female operatic star Synonyms: prima donna سر دسته زنان خواننده خواننده برجسته زن اپرا یا کنسرت

tactical

A tactical move on the military's part is one that is carefully planned and often small in scale, but important in getting control of an area. Tactical comes from the Greek taktike techne meaning "art of arrangement." When something is tactical, it is artfully arranged, or planned. This most often refers to military or naval operations, but it doesn't have to. When someone does something with a goal that is beyond the immediate result of his action, that can be seen as a tactical move. For example, renovating your kitchen might be a tactical move if you're planning to eventually sell your house and want to increase its property value. 1.(adj)of or pertaining to tactic or tactics "a tactical error" Gary White, the duty tactical manager for Natural Resources Wales, said flooding is likely up and down the country over the next few days. Natural Resources Wales' duty tactical manger, Gary White, said flooding was possible "up and down" Wales. ماهر - ماهرانه - مربوط به تدابیر جنگی

hiatus

A temporary gap, pause, break, or absence can be called a hiatus. When your favorite TV show is on hiatus, that means there are no new episodes — not forever, just for a little while. Even things that go on for a long time take a break once in a while: one kind of break is a hiatus. If someone has to leave her job for a time, she's going on hiatus. A touring band will need to take a hiatus if the lead singer gets in an accident. The key thing about a hiatus is that it's an interruption of something that was happening, but it's not a permanent break. 1.(n)an interruption in the intensity or amount of something Synonyms: abatement, reprieve, respite, suspension ame for the Governor's Cup matchup between Kentucky and Louisville; the Bluegrass rivalry that resumed in 1994 after a 70-year hiatus. Michigan State is only allowing friends and families of players and coaches, meaning the raucous Izzone section will be on hiatus. وقفه - فاصله - شکاف

trace

A trace of something is just a hint or suggestion of it, a very small amount left behind — like the sad cookie crumbs at the bottom of an empty cookie jar. There are more meanings we can trace to this word trace. As a verb, trace means to follow the course or trail of something, sometimes even chasing or hunting it. It also means to draw or sketch over a picture on translucent "tracing paper." So you could say that Sherlock Holmes traced criminals throughout London, following even the smallest traces of evidence and tracing copies of the villain's notes for his files. 1.(n)(v)an indication that something has been present 2.(n)(v)a visible mark (as a footprint) left by the passage of person or animal or vehicle 3.(n)(v)make a mark or lines on a surface 4.(n)either of two lines that connect a horse's harness to a wagon or other vehicle or to a whiffletree Illini backup quarterback Isaiah Washington also was lifted from the game due to "contact tracing protocols," said Illinois spokesman Kent Brown. The story seemed to exist only on right-wing websites, but I eventually traced it back to a conservative site called NationalFile.com, "America's New Choice for Real News." اثر - مقدار کم -دنبال کننده - ردیابی کردن - رسم کردن

triumvirate

A triumvirate is a group of three people who share power. In America's early days, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and James Madison were a triumvirate — three men whose leadership helped shape America. The prefix tri means "three," so it makes sense that triumvirate refers to a group of three. In this case, the three in question are powerful men who share authority. The word comes to us from ancient Rome, where two groups of three important men shared power over the Roman Republic. The First Triumvirate was made up of Julius Caesar, Pompey the Great, and Marcus Licinius Crassus, and the Second Triumvirate consisted of Marc Antony, Lepidus, and Octavian. 1.(n)a group of three men responsible for public administration or civil authority Immediately the brain hormones of adrenaline and cortisol bathe the cortex, the very centre of our thinking; the amygdala, dictator of feelings, dispatches the triumvirate actions of freezing, fleeing, fighting. The question: Will the triumvirate strike fear into the hearts of defensive coordinators? سه نفری - شغل یا دوره با گروه سه نفری

venture

A venture is a risky undertaking. If your latest venture is a dog food store, you hope there are some hungry dogs around. Also, to venture is to go somewhere possibly dangerous, like if you venture out into a snowstorm. Venture is a shortened form of adventure. This happened sometime between 1100 CE and 1400 CE during the time that Middle English was spoken. While the two words are similar in meaning, when you subtract the ad, you lose a teaspoon or two of fun, and add a heaping tablespoon of risk. 1.(n)any venturesome undertaking especially one with an uncertain outcome There are conflicting accounts of its itinerary - whether it hewed to Central American coastline or ventured east into the Caribbean. There are conflicting accounts of its itinerary — whether it hewed to Central American coastline or ventured east into the Caribbean. کار ریسکی - جرات کردن - ریسک کردن

victory

A victory is a win. In sports or war, one side usually achieves victory. If you've ever won anything, you've achieved a victory: being successful in some kind of contest, sport, or battle. The winners of elections, football games, chess matches, debates, and scholarships all have won impressive victories. In war, there's victory too. People who overcome a disease such as cancer also consider that a victory. The opposite of victory is defeat. 1.(n)a successful ending of a struggle or contest "a narrow victory" "the general always gets credit for his army's victory" "clinched a victory" "convincing victory" Synonyms: triumph Antonyms: defeat, licking The Fox News Decision Desk called the race for Joe Biden on Saturday after results in Pennsylvania put him above the 270 electoral vote threshold necessary to clinch victory in the Electoral College. Biden's victory sent emerging market asset prices - from currencies to stocks - soaring as investors bet on a stabler U.S. trade policy with China, Europe and Latin America. پیروزی - فتح - غلبه -چیرگی

thwart

A villain's worst nightmare is the superhero who always seems to thwart his efforts, preventing him from carrying out his plans to take over the world. Thwart is a word you'll hear in a lot of action movies, and usually it's the hero who is trying to thwart the evil plan of some super-villain. Yet even mere mortals can be thwarted in their efforts; the word simply means to prevent someone from carrying out his or her plans. An aggressive driver can thwart your attempt to snag a parking space at a crowded mall by pulling into the space before you. An aggressive shopper at that same mall can thwart your efforts to buy the last Dancing Snoopy doll by grabbing it off the shelf first. 1.(v)hinder or prevent (the efforts, plans, or desires) of Synonyms:baffle, bilk, cross, foil, frustrate, queer, scotch, spoil 2.(n)a crosspiece spreading the gunnels of a boat; used as a seat in a rowboat The actor is speaking by phone because a Zoom call was thwarted by technical difficulties, likely contributing to an already chaotic day. Authorities say the attack was thwarted by a coordinated operation between French, German and Belgian security services. خنثی کردن - بی نتیجه گذاردن -ممانعت کردن -

warehouse

A warehouse is a place where a company stores things they are going to sell. If you order a book online, it is almost certainly shipped from a warehouse to your house. When a business has to store a lot of items, they often use a warehouse, or a large building, to keep them safe and organized until they're sold or made into a finished product. You can use the word warehouse as a verb, too: "I need to warehouse all these roller skates, because they're not selling as fast as I'd hoped." Warehouse combines ware, or "manufactured goods," and house. In other words, it's a place to house your wares. 1.(n)a storehouse for goods and merchandise Synonyms: storage warehouse (v)store in a warehouse "We continue to see the replenishment of warehouse and distribution center inventories along with retailers prepping for year-end holidays," Seroka said. In Detroit, the Lions are offering Ford Field as a staging site and secure warehouse for ballots and equipment. انباری

accordingly

Accordingly means in accord with, or in correspondence with something. If you learn that your so-called best friend is spreading nasty rumors about you, act accordingly and stop being her friend. Accordingly is the adverb form of accord, which means harmony, or agreement. We often use the phrase "act accordingly," which just means to behave in a logical manner based on what you feel, learn, or are told. If you are half-starved after being lost in the woods for three days, when you come across a house with a full kitchen, you will act accordingly. Accordingly can also mean "therefore." You were hungry, accordingly you ate. 1.(adv)in accordance with "she acted accordingly" States across American ski country are wrestling with the nationwide spike and adjusting travel and gathering guidelines accordingly. Democrats were accordingly quick to blast Ms. Blackburn for the apparent reversal. بنابراین - نتیجتا - از همان قرار

aid

Aid is what you do when you help someone — you come to their aid. Rich countries provide economic aid to poor countries, and if you cut your hand, you'll be looking in the first aid kit for a Band-Aid. You can also use aid as a verb: "The librarian will aid you in your search." English has some words with meanings related to aid, but they're spelled with an -e on the end, because they come from the French. A nurse's aide is someone who assists a nurse. An aide-de-camp is a close assistant and confidant to a military officer, a word often shortened to just aide, to refer to an assistant to a political official. 1.(n)the activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose "rescue party went to their aid" Synonyms: assist, assistance, help The Education Department continued to provide students nearly $11 million in loans, even though for-profit colleges must be fully accredited to participate in federal student aid programs. But with the aid of hunting guide Holt Collier, a black bear was cornered and tied to a willow tree. کمک کردن

alert

Alert! Alert! Alert! Did I get your attention? When you are alert, you are awake and ready. When you issue an alert you give warning, alerting people to, or notifying them of, a concern. Alert is one of the rare words that can be used in the same form as a noun, verb, and adjective. In all parts of speech, alert implies preparedness. The word is derived from the French a l'erte which translates to "on the watch." When you hear the word, imagine an alarm going off. The alarm is the alert. When you hear it, you have been alerted and you are now alert. 1.(v)(n)warn or arouse to a sense of danger or call to a state of preparedness "We alerted the new neighbors to the high rate of burglaries" Synonyms:alarm 2.(adj)mentally perceptive and responsive;"an alert mind" A Washington Post reporter two weekends ago alerted Parler to a potential impostor account that purported to reveal the identity of the mysterious Q, whose "drops" drive the QAnon conspiracy movement. Because the app is only going to alert you when the harm is already done. هوشیار - مواظب - متوحه هشدار

derivative

Alert: shifting parts of speech! As a noun, a derivative is kind of financial agreement or deal. As an adjective, though, derivative describes something that borrows heavily from something else that came before it. The economic meltdown of the last decade is due largely to the mismanagement of derivatives, which are deals based on the outcome of other deals. A movie plot might be described as derivative if it steals from another film — say, if it lifts the tornado, the witch, and the dancing scarecrow from The Wizard of Oz. 1.(n)a compound obtained from, or regarded as derived from, another compound "Surprises are the thing that really get volatility going," said Christopher Murphy, co-head of derivatives strategy at Susquehanna Financial Group. But the earlier film was nominated for two Golden Globes and an Oscar, while "Now and Then" was snubbed and viewed as derivative. مشتق - اشتقاقی -فرعی - گرفته شده

affront

An affront is an action that causes offense. If someone blows smoke in your face after you've asked him to put out his cigarette, you would consider it an affront. Affronter was an old French word meaning "to confront" or "slap in the face." It's from the Latin, ad frontem, meaning "to the face." Sure, a slap in the face would still be considered an affront, but other non-physical actions would also count. Some would even call a misplaced apostrophe an affront to the English language. Don't confuse affront with effrontery, which means "presumptuousness." 1.(n)a deliberately offensive act or something producing the effect of deliberate disrespect Synonyms: insult To Pulley, the restaurant is an affront to white Englishness, and Frank is a Black man who needs to be forcefully "nudged" back into his place. "I made the decision not to call her up for the last training camp. Everyone took that as an affront, but it was a decision made at the time." بی حرمتی - هتاکی - خفت - اشکارا توهین کردن - روبرو دشنام دادن

breakthrough

An amazing discovery or a huge amount of progress can be called a breakthrough. The discovery of penicillin in 1928 was a breakthrough for modern medicine. A personal breakthrough might be overcoming your fear of spiders once and for all. A bigger breakthrough, one that affects many people, is the invention of indoor plumbing. There's a sense of suddenness and drama associated with most breakthroughs. The word started out with a military meaning of literally "breaking through a barrier" in 1918. By the 1930s, it came to have the second meaning of "abrupt solution." 1.(n)making an important discovery 2.(n)a penetration of a barrier such as an enemy's defense Jake is adamant that his condition improved because of a mental breakthrough - a shift in his mindset after months of being locked in. Later in the film, humanity's discovery of the monolith leads to breakthroughs in artificial intelligence. پیشرفت غیر منتظره - عبور از مانع -

margin

An amount beyond the minimum necessary is called the margin. If you sell craft items, you need to build in a profit margin so that you actually make money on the sale. You'll go broke if you sell mittens for $10 that cost you $15 to make. The blank space around the edges of a sheet of paper — as with the page of a book — that surrounds the text is called the margin. It serves a few purposes: (1) The paper can be bound into a book without covering up the words; (2) If you are a teacher, student, or editor, you can make comments or notes in the margin. (3) If you're bored in class, you can doodle there. 1.(n)the boundary line or the area immediately inside the boundary Synonyms: border, perimeter Scotland voted to remain in the U.K. by a margin of 55%-45% in a 2014 independence referendum that was billed as a once-in-a-generation event. A win is a win; let Las Vegas worry about the margin of victory. حاشیه - لبه -تفاوت - حد -

anomaly

An anomaly is an abnormality, a blip on the screen of life that doesn't fit with the rest of the pattern. If you are a breeder of black dogs and one puppy comes out pink, that puppy is an anomaly. The noun anomaly comes from the Greek word anomolia, meaning "uneven" or "irregular." When something is unusual compared to similar things around it, it's the anomaly. If you are an Olympian who comes from a family of bookish types who all find it strenuous to walk the dog, you are an anomaly. 1.(n)deviation from the normal or common order or form or rule Synonyms: anomalousness 2.(n)(astronomy) position of a planet as defined by its angular distance from its perihelion (as observed from the sun) Dunn tried to put a positive spin and shrug off concerns about diminished stuff and velocity while being adamant it was an anomaly. Some may write off the pattern that we saw with Latinx voters this year as an anomaly. خلاف قاعده - نا به هنجاری -

assertion

An assertion is a declaration that's made emphatically, especially as part of an argument or as if it's to be understood as a statement of fact. To assert is to state with force. So if someone makes an assertion, they're not just trying out an idea — they really mean it. An assertion can also be an act that seems to make a statement without words. When your dog urinates in multiple places up and down your block, he's making an assertion of his dominance (also called "marking") over his "territory." 1.(n)a declaration that is made emphatically (as if no supporting evidence were necessary) Synonyms: asseveration, averment The video of Ghaisar's shooting is a plain refutation of the officers' assertions that they, or the public, were somehow in danger. "There's just been too many irregularities and discrepancies going on," Tracy said, repeating the baseless assertion that Biden's victory is due to fraudulent absentee ballots, among other things. ادعا - تاکید - مدعی - اعلامیه - اگهی

attorney

An attorney is a lawyer. Attorneys sue people, defend people, and serve as experts on the law. When there's any kind of legal issue, attorneys will be involved. They're the legal experts with law degrees who are also known as "lawyers." You'll often find them in court, defending clients or trying to put criminals in jail. Attorneys work for businesses, schools, the government, and individuals. So if you get arrested, need to write a will, or have to hash out a binding contract, an attorney is the person to call. 1.(n)a professional person authorized to practice law; conducts lawsuits or gives legal advice Synonyms: lawyer Messages were left Monday at Academy's headquarters and with an attorney representing the company. Brand's attorney didn't immediately respond to a request for comment وکیل - وکیل مدافع - وکالت -

audit

An audit is a thorough counting, review, or assessment of a situation or collection of things. Before baking cookies, you'd better make an audit of the ingredients available to see whether there is enough sugar and butter. The most common use of the word audit is with the Internal Revenue Service, which sometimes performs an audit of a taxpayer's finances to see whether that taxpayer has accurately reported his or her income. It can also be used in this context as a verb. It's easy to get nervous if the IRS is planning to audit you! You can also audit a class if you attend but don't pay for it. Just don't think that you'll get credit towards graduation from that. 1.(v)(n)examine carefully for accuracy with the intent of verification "audit accounts and tax returns" Synonyms: inspect, scrutinise, scrutinize 2.(v)attend academic courses without getting credit Johnson's position puts her at odds with other state Republicans, some of whom called for an audit of the election before certification. He launched a secret war in Cambodia, ordered wiretapping and tax audits of reporters and other perceived foes, cut corners on his own taxes, and attempted to evade congressional oversight. حسابرسی - ممیزی -

implacable

An implacable person just can't be appeased. If you really offended your best friend and tried every kind of apology but she refused to speak to you again, you could describe her as implacable. Implacable is derived from the verb to placate, which means to soothe, or to appease. If you're babysitting and the kid starts screaming the moment that his parents leave the house, and nothing you give him, be it a toy or ice cream, can calm him down, he might seem implacable. But try the TV. It tends to turn screaming kids into silent, happy zombies. 1.(adj)incapable of being placated "an implacable enemy" Synonyms:merciless, unmerciful Soon, too, the United States may be able to negotiate a lasting peace with our implacable foes to the north. Obama only foreshadows Trump's unlikely ascent by registering his concerns about rising nativism and the tribalism his election seemed to unleash, an implacable opposition party and conservative media increasingly untethered to truth. کینه توز - سنگ دل

incendiary

An incendiary device is a bomb. An incendiary statement is, "You're ugly and stupid." Both are likely to produce an explosion of one kind or another. Incendiary means more than flammable. It means explosive, in both a literal and figurative way. If you're a radical who changes the world by exciting people and makes as many enemies as followers, you're an incendiary figure. The speeches you give that rile people up are incendiary. The fires you set are also incendiary, and by setting them you are also likely to be called an incendiary — someone who burns things, more commonly known as an arsonist. 1.(adj)capable of catching fire spontaneously or causing fires or burning readily "an incendiary agent" "incendiary bombs" Synonyms: combustible capable of igniting and burning But the film also sidesteps some of Vance's more politically incendiary passages about "personal responsibility." In another, the most incendiary of Jackson's initial batch of contrived stills, Diana and boyfriend Dodi Fayed strike elegant, informal poses on either side of a baby, ostensibly theirs. اتشزا - اتش افروز سخن فتنه انگیز

inconvenience

An inconvenience is an annoying occurrence that makes you go out of your way, like the inconvenience of a detour that takes you off your usual route, or the inconvenience of the door bell ringing just as you are about to take a dish out of the oven. The noun inconvenience, pronounced "in-cun-VEE-nyent," comes from the Latin word inconvenientia, from in-, meaning "not," and convenient-, meaning "agreeing, fitting." That meaning still holds true for inconvenience: something that doesn't fit easily into your life, though it doesn't cause suffering, either. Use it to describe small irritations, like the inconvenience of an airport delay. 1.(n)the quality of not being useful or convenient Antonyms: convenience We are very sorry for the incredible financial burden and terrible inconvenience this is inflicting on all involved," the group said in a statement posted to the event's website. "I regret the inconvenience and challenge this change in plans may pose to our families," Cashwell said in an email. ناراحتی - اسباب زحمت -

indictment

An indictment, or a legal document charging you with a crime, is something you don't want to be the recipient of, so try not to rob any banks or start any money laundering schemes, and you'll probably be okay. An indictment is most frequently a charge of a serious crime. You may have heard on television legal programs the phrase "on the first count of the indictment," which means that there's more than one charge of a category of crime in the indictment. The word can also be used more informally to mean an accusation. A book or article detailing the wrongdoing of a person or industry may be said to be an indictment of that person or industry. 1.(n)an accusation of wrongdoing "the book is an indictment of modern philosophy" The indictment alleges AZ Petition Partners awarded at least 50 bonuses that ranged from $20 to $1,200. The move by the Marine Corps follows a decision by a Massachusetts grand jury in February not to issue indictments in the case. اتهام - اعلام جرم - تنظیم ادعا نامه

Indulgence

An indulgence is doing something that you enjoy even if it has negative consequences. Buying yourself something that you don't need, be it a cookie, video game, or diamond necklace, is an indulgence. If you allow yourself to eat more chocolate cake or watch more TV than is really good for you, those are your little indulgences. If you spend your life savings on a trip to Tahiti, that's a huge indulgence. If someone says to you, "Grant me this indulgence," prepare for a long-winded story that tries to convince you of something. Long, long ago the Catholic Church sold something called "indulgences": pardons for sins. 1.(n)the act of indulging or gratifying a desire Synonyms: humoring, indulging, pampering 2.(n)the remission by the pope of the temporal punishment in purgatory that is still due for sins even after absolution Synonyms: self-indulgence It's a pathetic cycle of indulgence that allows, even condones and encourages, bad behaviour. So I concocted a scheme where I allowed myself only to enjoy those kinds of indulgences—specifically I got really into audio novels—when I was exercising. زیاده روی- افراط-بخشیدن

instance

An instance is a specific example or case of something. One instance of being chased by a growling dog can make a person spend his whole life being afraid of animals. It's common to find instance used in the expression "for instance," meaning "for example." Bright colors — for instance, pink, green, and blue — can cheer you up when you're feeling sad. Instance can also mean "occurrence." Several instances of cheating might be reported after a math test, for example. In the sixteenth century, the Medieval Latin word instantia meant "example to the contrary," leading to an early definition of instance as "single objection." 1.(n)an item of information that is typical of a class or group Synonyms: example, illustration, representative For instance, heart or lung impairments correlated with breathlessness, while liver or pancreas impairments were associated with gastrointestinal symptoms. The Police Department declined to comment on the instances of misconduct described in this article, citing an ongoing lawsuit challenging the city's authority to release additional records. مثال - نمونه - مورد - لحظه -

origins

An origin is a start. You could say that the origin of yoga was in India, since that's where the practice began, or that the origin of the strawberries in the market is Mexico, since they were grown there. If your best friend asks you about the origin of your fear of mariachi bands, it means that she wants to know where your phobia came from. Your ancestry is another kind of origin — you might mention your Eastern European origin if that's where your ancestors came from. The root, start, or birth of something is its origin. The origin of the word origin is the Latin word originem, meaning "rise, beginning, or source." 1.(n)the place where something begins, where it springs into being 2.(n)properties attributable to your ancestry 3.(n)the point of intersection of coordinate axes; where the values of the coordinates are all zero In the house's upstairs gallery spaces, you'll find Ilana Harris-Babou's video piece "Human Design," which cleverly, playfully interrogates the very real origins of cultural artifacts presented as merely décor in the West. Some believe the writer avoided acknowledging their possible earlier origins for fear of upsetting the kirk. منشا-مبدا-اصل بنیاد- سرچشمه

terse

Terse means brief, or using very few words. If your teacher tells you to make your writing in your essay style terse and to the point, he's saying use as few words as you can and be simple and clear. A terse reply or command may seem rude or unfriendly—but the word terse itself doesn't mean unfriendly or rude. Synonyms are succinct or concise, though these words have a more positive tone. The adjective terse is from Latin tersus "clean, neat," from tergere "to rub off, wipe, polish." Polished language is neatly concise. 1.(adj)brief and to the point; effectively cut short "short and terse and easy to understand" Synonyms: crisp, curt, laconic The spot drew a multitude of terse replies. The Holy See for its part, issued a similarly terse statement, written in Italian, English and Chinese. مختصر- مفید -بی شاخ و برگ

tertiary

Tertiary is another way of saying "third in importance," like socializing with co-workers being a tertiary reason for getting an after-school job — less important than, first, earning money and second, gaining skills. To correctly pronounce tertiary, say "TER-she-err-ee." If you are the third child born in your family, don't be tempted to call yourself the "tertiary child." This means you are less important that your two older siblings. However, in some cases, tertiary does not have to do with ranking third — the Tertiary period marks the beginning of life for mammals, and in the United Kingdom, tertiary education means "college-level." 1.(adj)coming next after the second and just before the fourth in position Synonyms:3rd, third دوران سوم - سومین - قسمت سوم - ثالث

announce

Announce means to make something public. Companies announce the release of new products, parents announce the marriages of their children, and school administrators announce changes to the day's schedule over the PA. Announce has some subtler meanings as well—you might inadvertently announce your attention to go for the basket by looking at it during a game. You might very intentionally announce that you are never eating pizza again, if you want everyone you know to be aware of this. 1.(v)make known; make an announcement Synonyms: denote 2.(v) foreshadow or presage Synonyms: annunciate, foretell, harbinger, herald Over the weekend, Whitmer announced that Michigan high schools and colleges must halt in-person classes, restaurants must stop indoor dining and entertainment businesses must close for three weeks. Another Massachusetts college announced Monday that it is moving all classes for the remainder of the semester online and closing its dormitories in response to greater risk from the coronavirus. اگهی دادن - اعلان کردن - خبر دادن - انتشار دادن

congressional

Anything congressional is related to a congress, which is the law-making body of a country. Congress (with a capital "c") is the law-making branch of the US government. Silly campaign ads start showing up before a congressional race. Congressional most often describes anything related to the US Congress. Congress is the legislative branch of the government, made up of the House of Representatives and the Senate. These people are voted in. In the US, you vote for a representative in your congressional district. Congressional districts are decided by population, and each state has at least one representative in congress. Congressional hearings are meetings where laws are discussed. Congressional cocktail parties are where members of congress whoop it up. 1.(adj)of or relating to congress "congressional hearing" Using Buolamwini's journey from her research to a congressional hearing on facial-detection technology as a through line, Kantayya knits together a number of local and international stories with an eye for emotional detail. There are congressional husbands who approach their spousal roles with traditional gusto. همایشی - مربوط به کنگره

predetermine

Anything predetermined has been decided or set up ahead of time. When you sit down to dinner with your family at a predetermined time, it means you all discussed when you'd be eating long before the meal was ready. If you learned that the outcome of a presidential election was predetermined, you'd probably be pretty angry — and you wouldn't be likely to vote, since the winner would have already been decided. This adjective (and its accompanying verb, predetermine) originally had a religious meaning, the idea that God has already decided the path your life will take. 1.(adj)set in advance "at a predetermined time" Synonyms: preset ,planned "Freedom from bias is essential to our work, as is remaining impartial, balanced and objective, and we eschew ascribing our coverage to any predetermined narratives," he added. Bourla authorized the sale of the shares on Aug. 19, provided the stock was at least at a certain price, as part of a predetermined plan, the company said. قبلا تعیین کردن - قبلا معین کردن

Histrionic

Anything that has to do with actors or acting can be called histrionic, like a Broadway actor's histrionic voice projection that would sound strange in everyday life but is perfect for the stage. The adjective histrionic, pronounced "his-tree-ON-ic," comes from the Latin words histrionicus and histrio which mean "actor." It can describe things that have to do with acting on the stage, but it can also describe a person who in regular life is a little too dramatic and even over-acts, like your friend whose histrionic rantings make a trip to the grocery store seem like a matter of life and death. 1.(adj)characteristic of acting or a stage performance; often affected "histrionic gestures" Synonyms: melodramatic But Lepore's preference for historiography over histrionics is far more fraught with dangers than that. Watching their histrionics on almost any topic is a bit like watching a C-SPAN rerun on an endless loop. نمایشی - شخصیت نمایشی- مربوط به نمایش

outdated

Anything that's so old-fashioned that it's unstylish or not useful is outdated. You might love the way an antique car looks, but its outdated safety standards (no seat belts or airbags) make it dangerous to drive on the highway. The 70s bell-bottom jeans your aunt still wears might be embarrassingly outdated, but at least they function as pants. Your outdated computer, on the other hand, isn't even capable of getting online or connecting to your printer — in other words, it's obsolete, or completely useless. This adjective dates from the early 1600s, from the "mark as old fashioned" meaning of the verb date. 1.(adj)old; no longer valid or fashionable "outdated equipment" Synonyms: out-of-date, superannuated The concept the FRA is pushing, the mayor wrote, "does not present this vision. Instead, it is built on outdated 20th century ideals and approaches, including an unnecessary emphasis on single-occupancy vehicles and their storage." A team that isn't afraid to speak its mind or challenge the game's silly, outdated traditions. منسوخ - قدیمی -از مد افتاده

Apoplexy

Apoplexy is a sudden and often fatal fit resulting from blood vessels bursting in the brain. The 19th century character Madame Bovary became a widow because of it. Today, we generally call it "a stroke," but apoplexy sounds way better. Although apoplexy as a specific medical term is not such a common term now, the word apoplectic certainly is, meaning furious and red-faced with uncontrollable rage (so called because its symptoms of flushed red face and loss of bodily control mimic those of apoplexy). Often used humorously — apoplectic is how you might describe your parents when they see your grades — though there's nothing funny about a real apoplectic fit. 1.(n)a sudden loss of consciousness resulting when the rupture or occlusion of a blood vessel leads to oxygen lack in the brain Synonyms:CVA, cerebrovascular accident, stroke The cause of Harding's death was initially ruled "apoplexy," but rumors spread — about poor care from his doctors, about his many other ailments. The ease with which Levin moves from apoplexy to calm tells me that the rage is a rhetorical flourish that substitutes for the logic his arguments lack. سکته - سکته ناقص

appeal

Appeal means "to ask, or address." If you appeal to someone's better nature, you're asking them for mercy. If a shirt doesn't appeal to you, you could also say it doesn't "speak" to you, or more simply, you don't like it. Appeal can also be used as a noun to refer to a request, as in "his parents ignored his appeal for a later curfew," or to refer to something's attractiveness or desirability, as in "we all agreed on the appeal of a tropical vacation." In judicial contexts, appeal means "to call upon a higher court to review a lower court's decision." If a lawyer appeals a court's conviction of her client, she's asking a higher court to throw the decision out. This word descends from the Latin appellare, "to address, call upon." 1.(n)(v)earnest or urgent request "an appeal for help" "an appeal to the public to keep calm" Synonyms:entreaty, prayer 2.(n)(v)(law) a legal proceeding in which the appellant resorts to a higher court for the purpose of obtaining a review of a lower court decision and a reversal of the lower court's judgment or the granting of a new trial "their appeal was denied in the superior court" 3.(n)vattractiveness that interests or pleases or stimulates "It goes back to the second circuit appeals court, so it's not even a final legal decision." Interim City Attorney Matt Kuhse said he will consider next week whether to appeal. درخواست کردن - تقاضا کردن - جذابیت داشتن

argumentation

Argumentation is a very logical way of discussing or debating an idea. When you use the technique of argumentation, you prove something to be true or false. Argumentation uses logic, persuasion, and various debate tactics to arrive at a conclusion. When a debater or negotiator follows the rules of argumentation, she backs up her ideas with very systematic, careful reasoning that makes her conclusion strong and believable. From the 15th century, argumentation has meant "presentation of formal arguments," from the Latin root argumentationem, "the bringing forth of a proof." 1.(n)a course of reasoning aimed at demonstrating a truth or falsehood; the methodical process of logical reasoning Synonyms: argument, line, line of reasoning, logical argument Proving that he operates at the locus where argumentation and activism meet, he demonstrates indispensable intellectual leadership on issues of foreign policy, democratic socialism and rejection of corporate media bromides. Though it occasionally divulges in lengthy internal monologues, much of the argumentation is dressed down and dramatized in conversations over ritzy meals in New York and drives through rural Wisconsin, where the author grew up. بحث کردن

arrogant

Arrogant is an adjective for describing people who are too proud and look down on others, like supermodels who think their good looks give them a right to do whatever they want. Arrogant derives from Latin arrogare "to claim," and the idea is that someone is claiming credit or advantages that they are not entitled to. It's close in meaning to haughty and supercilious, but both of those have connotations of coolness and perceived superiority that arrogant does not. An aristocrat could be called all three, but a customs official or traffic cop is more likely to be called arrogant than the other terms. 1.(adj)having or showing feelings of unwarranted importance out of overbearing pride "an arrogant official" "arrogant claims" Synonyms: chesty, self-important "As politically partisan a speech as I've ever seen from a justice: arrogant, tendentious, and sloppy," Harry Litman, a former U.S. "There he goes again, butting in with that arrogant dad voice," one wrote. متکبر - مغرور - گستاخ

grandstand

As a noun, grandstand means a large seating area for sports spectators. As a verb, it means to show off. So if you dance around in a banana costume at the horse races, you grandstand in the grandstand. Tiered, covered seating at a racetrack or outdoor sports arena is one kind of grandstand. This word has been used since the mid-18th century, and in the late 1800s it was adapted into the baseball slang phrases grandstand player and grandstand play, which referred to theatrical, unnecessary moves athletes made simply to show off. These terms found their way into college slang around the same time, and grandstand became a common way to say "put on airs." 1.(n)a stand at a racecourse or stadium consisting of tiers with rows of individual seats that are under a protective roof Synonyms: covered stand "The more that you grandstand," the official said, "the more they'll push back. They don't want to be seen as bullied." After months of political grandstanding about the vaccine, these are the principles that will determine the fate of a shot. حضار - شوندگان - خودنمایی کردن

assert

Asserting is all about standing up for what you believe. You might assert an opinion, your innocence, or even your authority over someone else. The verb assert can be used for both opinions and for oneself. When asked, you can politely assert your desire to go to the amusement park for your birthday. If no one listens to you, you can assert yourself and forcefully state that you really want to go to the amusement park for your birthday. If that fails, you should just take yourself to the amusement park for your birthday. And get better friends. 1.(v)declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true Synonyms: affirm, aver, avow, swan, swear, verify And he played with a kind of brilliant camouflage, seeming to be somnolent for long stretches before asserting himself at urgent moments with a mesmerizing dribble, astounding pass or stabbing shot. But Mickle, who is Black, asserts that the association went too far when it went after his flag. ادعا - اثبات کردن - تاکید کردن

dismiss

At the end of a lesson period, your teacher says, "class dismissed." This means that you and the rest of the students are free to go. Dismiss means to let go. If a judge dismisses a case, it means he's saying it has no merit, and is throwing it out of court. If you are dismissed from your job, it means you've been fired. And if you've been ignoring your friends' warnings that your boyfriend is cheating, you've been dismissing their concerns. "Don't dismiss me!" is something you say when the person you're talking to is not taking you and your comments seriously. 1.(v)stop associating with Synonyms: drop, send away, send packing (v)bar from attention or consideration "She dismissed his advances" Synonyms: brush aside, brush off, discount, disregard, ignore, push aside The Corps said it dismissed Ascension Parish sites because the parish was not expected to meet air quality standards — though it did meet them before the permit was granted. The lawsuit was dismissed as a policy argument best settled by the Legislature, but hard feelings linger. anyone who disagrees with the managers is promptly dismissed. مرخص کردن - خارج کردن -راهی کردن - برکنار کردن -

assess

Before you try to sell your car, you should ask an expert to assess its value--once you know what it's worth, it's easier to find a fair price. When you assess a matter, you make a judgment about it. The verb assess has the general meaning of determining the importance or value of something. It also has a few specialized uses having to do with amounts of money, such as fines, fees, and taxes. It can mean to set the value of property for purposes of taxation, or to charge a person or business a tax or fee. This verb came through French from Latin assidēre "to sit as a judge." 1.(v)evaluate or estimate the nature, quality, ability, extent, or significance of Synonyms:appraise, evaluate, measure, valuate, value Those not joining the growing number that will offer only virtual learning are assessing how they would bring students back after the winter holidays while the country faces crushing rates of virus infections. It was an unrepresentative session, not least because the teams spent some of it assessing 2021-specification tyres. تشخیص دادن - تعیین کردن - جریمه کردن بر اوردن

permissive

Being permissive is the opposite of being strict. Permissive parents let their kids stay up later and have more sweets. A permissive person is a little more lenient or loosey-goosey with the rules. A permissive teacher is easier on the students and lets them get away with more. A permissive coach will cut players slack during practices and games. Laws can be permissive too — about drugs, guns, and other things that could be tightly controlled. A permissive society is one with more freedom. When a situation is permissive, there's permission to do more things. 1.(adj)granting or inclined or able to grant permission; not strict in discipline "direct primary legislation is largely permissive rather than prescriptive" "permissive parents" Synonyms: indulgent, lenient, soft He also said he would reinstate more permissive rules for the program that were enacted during the Obama administration and eliminated by Ms. DeVos. Those laws are circumvented by bringing in guns from neighboring states with more permissive gun laws. مجاز - اسان گیر - روان -کسی که سخت نمیگیرد

resistant

Being resistant means to be immune or impervious to something. A vest that's resistant to bullets is bullet-proof. Anything resistant has a certain power — specifically, the power to resist or fight off — something else. This word is often used medically, like when someone is resistant to a virus: that means they can't get the virus. You can also be resistant to someone's jokes, meaning they can't make you laugh. A raincoat should be resistant to water. If it's not resistant, that's a pretty bad raincoat. All resistant things are like a shield that something can't get through. 1.(adj)disposed to or engaged in defiance of established authority Synonyms: insubordinate, resistive 2.(adj)impervious to being affected 3.(adj)incapable of absorbing or mixing with Instead of being transparent and airy, like a view through a freshly washed window, they're airless, angular, slightly resistant. She noted that some people buy chickens by mail order, and people in rural areas might just be resistant to the idea. مقاوم - پایدار - خودسر

Ebullience

Bubbly, loud, and enthusiastic, ebullience means "the quality of being cheerful and full of energy." Take a room full of seven-year-olds and add a bunch of adorable puppies, and you'll end up with ebullience. The Latin word ebullientem, which ebullience comes from, literally means "boiling over." When you see ebullience, you know it; it's not simply happiness or enjoyment, but those emotions bubbling up and overflowing. 1.(n)eager enjoyment or approval Synonyms: enthusiasm, exuberance In contrast to his ebullience, some speakers at the meeting raised doubts about Trump's prospects in November. This show will be a far cry from the usual ebullience as fewer attend, new models are scant and prospects remain uncertain. گرمی . نشاط شور و شادی

conjecture

Can you guess what conjecture means? It's a word to use when you are not sure of something and have to "guess or surmise." You can see how the word conjecture means that you create a theory or opinion about something without basing it in fact because the original definition of conjecture, from Old French, is "interpretation of signs and omens." Since signs and omens are pretty subjective, it makes sense that the word would then move to its current meaning. However, even though it only seems like weather reports are conjectures, they are actually based on evidence! 1.(v)believe especially on uncertain or tentative grounds Synonyms:hypothecate, hypothesise, hypothesize, speculate, suppose, theorise, theorize Virologists quickly dismissed the paper as "pseudoscience" and "based on conjecture." "You can't just change a policy that's been around for 30 years based on conjecture," the person familiar with the debate said. حدس - گمان- حدس زدن

renowned

Celebrated, gushed over, and even legendary, something that's renowned is really famous. If you not only find a cure for cancer, but you also go on lots of talk shows so everyone knows who you are, then you'll be a renowned scientist. Renown comes from the Anglo-Norman for "re-name," as in repeatedly name, so something is renowned is something that people are talking about, or naming, over and over. If you are a huge celebrity, people from your home town might boast, "The renowned Madame X was born here." Something renowned is really good, not just famous. Just because you make the cover of a trashy tabloid magazine doesn't mean you're a renowned actress. But if you win an Oscar, you are. 1.(adj)widely known and esteemed "a renowned painter" Synonyms :celebrated, famed, famous, far-famed, illustrious, notable, noted Donna Ferrato is an internationally renowned photojournalist, most famous for her work on domestic violence. A renowned economist, Yellen, 74, helped the nation recover from the Great Recession. مشهور - بلند اوزه - خوش نام

inimical

Censorship is inimical to freedom. So, most teenagers would argue, are curfews. To be inimical is to be harmful, antagonistic, or opposed to something. Inimical comes from the Latin word inimicus, meaning "enemy." It suggests acting like someone's enemy — being adverse, damaging, or downright hostile. It can refer to anything from emotions and actions to public policy. The U.S. government might declare that another nation's actions are inimical to national security — and your mom might declare that eating a dozen doughnuts every morning is inimical to your health. Be careful not to mix up inimical with inimitable, which means too good to be copied. 1.(adj)not friendly "an inimical critic" Synonyms:unfriendly Such concerns either seem irrelevant or inimical to the interests of Trump county residents. Normally, that's a good rule; partisans, in stark contrast to reporters, inflate facts that support their beliefs and ignore those that don't, which is inimical to American journalistic values. مضر - دشمنانه - نامساعد - غیر دوستانه

condemnation

Condemnation is the act of declaring something awful or evil. If your little brother does something unspeakably awful, express your condemnation so he will learn not to do it again. Condemnation comes from the verb condemn, "to strongly disapprove." You might criticize something that you still think is worthwhile, but if you express condemnation, that's laying a heavy moral blame. Condemnation is used in law, and means the same thing as sentencing; you might have heard a judge say "I condemn you to ten years of hard labor." Also, a very dangerous building will be sealed up and deemed uninhabitable by an act of condemnation. 1.(n)an expression of strong disapproval; pronouncing as wrong or morally culpable "his uncompromising condemnation of racism" Synonyms: disapprobation (n)the condition of being strongly disapproved of "he deserved nothing but condemnation" 2.(n)an appeal to some supernatural power to inflict evil on someone or some group Synonyms: curse, execration 3.(n)(criminal law) a final judgment of guilty in a criminal case and the punishment that is imposed Synonyms: conviction, judgment of conviction, sentence 4.(n)(law) the act of condemning (as land forfeited for public use) or judging to be unfit for use (as a food product or an unsafe building) In response to Palestinian condemnation of the peace deals struck by the UAE and neighboring Persian Gulf state Bahrain with Israel, Bandar's remarks were biting. Sunday's vandalism in Portland - part of more than four months of nightly unrest since the May 25 death of George Floyd in Minneapolis - also drew condemnation from President Trump. محکومیت -سرزنش

conducive

Conducive means tending to cause or produce something. Regular exercise is conducive to happiness and a feeling of well-being. This adjective is usually followed by the preposition to, and it refers to bringing about something favorable or helpful: A positive attitude is conducive to good health. Conducive was formed in English from the less common verb conduce "to lead or contribute to a result." The verb conduce descends from Middle English conducen, from Latin conducere, from the prefix com- "together" plus ducere "to lead." And the suffix -ive means "tending to." 1.(adj)tending to bring about; being partly responsible for "working conditions are not conducive to productivity" Synonyms:contributing, contributive, contributory, tributary "It does not project regulatory stability or a policy environment that is conducive to foreign investment," the tech giants were quoted as saying by Malaysiakini. This nation's empirical and inquisitive Founders considered information conducive to improvement, which is one reason the Constitution mandates a decennial census. مساعد - سودمند - منجر شونده - موجب شونده

consideration

Consideration is kindness and thoughtful regard for others, or an act of thoughtfulness. Treating others as you would have them treat you (the Golden Rule) is one example of consideration. The verb consider comes from the Latin for "contemplate," and hidden in the word is sid,, the Latin root for "star." Originally it meant to examine something very thoroughly, or carefully, as if you were staring at the night sky, contemplating its mystery. If you give something consideration, you think about it carefully, and not too quickly. When you're making a tough decision, you need to give consideration to all possible outcomes before making up your mind. 1.(n)the process of giving careful thought to something 2.(n)kind and considerate regard for others 3.(n)a fee charged in advance to retain the services of someone توجه - ملاحظه - رسیذگی - مراعات

constituent

Constituent means part of a whole. The word comes up often in political contexts: constituents are the people politicians have been elected to represent. Elected officials should stay in touch with the needs of their constituents. To understand constituent, look at constitute, which means "to make up." The words share the Latin root constituentem, meaning "to compose," as in a part that makes up a larger whole. A politician's electorate is made of individual constituent voters. Although it's often used to refer to voters, you can also say that a car motor, for example, is made of constituent parts. Constituent can be a noun or adjective. 1.(n)adjan artifact that is one of the individual parts of which a composite entity is made up; especially a part that can be separated from or attached to a system Synonyms: component, element 2.(n)(grammar) a word or phrase or clause forming part of a larger grammatical construction 3.(n)a member of a constituency; a citizen who is represented in a government by officials for whom he or she votes Leaders in the Washington region echoed the guidance multiple times leading up to the holiday, pleading with their constituents to opt for virtual celebrations. But after four years dominated by a president who affirmed the worst in our national character, it's particularly stirring to reflect on the words of a politician urging his constituents to be their best selves. جز اصلی - انتخاب کننده - موکل در دادگاه مثلا

cowardice

Cowardice is a lack of bravery. If you run away screaming when your Uncle Marvin shows up to the Halloween party in a clown mask, you will betray your cowardice — particularly if you're not a child. The opposite of courageousness is cowardice. For example, not standing up for someone who's being bullied shows cowardice. The origin of the words coward and cowardice has been traced to the Latin word for "tail," coda, showing a connection with a popular phrase that describes cowardice: "walking away with their tails between their legs." 1.(n)the trait of lacking courage Synonyms: cowardliness But one hopes we recall the stink of this cowardice for a very long time. None of this justifies or excuses Trump's extremism or Republican cowardice. بزدلی - جبن - ترسویی-نامردی

toxic

Danger! Hazardous! Do not eat! These are just some of the warnings you'll see on toxic substances — meaning stuff that's poisonous and even deadly. Cobra bites, wild mystery mushrooms and strong chemicals are all toxic. So are certain people, if they have particularly mean personalities. Toxic is related to the word toxin, which is a kind of poison. It comes from the ancient Greek word toxikon, which means "poison for arrows." Some toxic arrows could come in handy for those toxic personalities... 1.(adj)of or relating to or caused by a toxin or poison "suffering from exposure to toxic substances" Synonyms:harmful Banks and Wall Street didn't enjoy such toxic prominence as today. A self-proclaimed champion of the poor, he led a lifestyle of toxic excess. سمی - زهری - زهراگین

debris

Debris is trash scattered around after a disaster, like shattered glass on the road after a car accident. Debris comes from French for "waste, rubbish." Although debris usually refers to the trash leftover after some kind of explosion or crash, it can also be what's on your floor after hosting a kid's make-your-own pizza party, or what you shouldn't leave at the park after a picnic. Sometimes Mother Nature leaves debris, such as a pile of rocks, or that car on your lawn after the flood recedes. Don't pronounce the "s": debris rhymes with "be free." 1.(n)the remains of something that has been destroyed or broken up Synonyms: detritus, dust, junk, rubble NBC Washington reported that protesters threw various debris at officers and officers responded with percussion grenades. One voter in Mississippi worried about how long felled trees and debris might block roads. باقی مانده - خرده - اوار - اثار مخربه -خاک روبه

delicate

Delicate things, like a flower, a necklace, or someone's feelings are fragile, easily broken, and often quite beautiful. A delicate situation. A delicate balance. A delicate child. A delicate lace design. A delicate taste. Sometimes the word implies intricate beauty and at other times fragility. Delicate can have negative overtones: A delicate situation is a tricky one. A delicate balance describes an agreement that might turn sour any moment. A delicate child may cry easily. But delicate can also refer to things that are very lovely and hard to reproduce: a delicate lace collar on a dress stands out. A delicate flavor, like pomegranate peach mint sauce, makes salad — or vanilla ice cream — much more delicious. 1.(adj)developed with extreme delicacy and subtlety Synonyms:finespun This is a delicate dance, attempting to woo both audiences at the same time, but one that the artist performs well. These delicate yet rich stuffing pieces top a salad of mixed greens and shaved crunchy vegetables that's dressed with cranberry vinaigrette. ظزیف - حساس - لطیف دارای ظرافت و حساسیت

delineated

Delineated describes something that has been clearly portrayed or accurately represented. Read a love letter in which your admirer's feelings are delineated, and you don't have any doubt how the author feels about you. The word delineated can describe something — like a diagram or map — that was literally drawn clearly. More often, you will hear the word in relation to something less tangible — like how a character in a novel is delineated, or depicted, by an author, or a politician who gave a speech in which her position was delineated, or defined. You might try to remember the word delineated by thinking of it as something with clearly defined lines. 1.(adj)represented accurately or precisely Synonyms: delineate, represented Joshua trees are delineated into eastern and western varieties. Some rights for victims are already delineated in the Wisconsin Constitution, and others are outlined in statute, which carries less weight. ترسیم کردن - معین کردن - توضیح دادن

wary

Describe yourself as wary if you don't quite trust someone or something and want to proceed with caution. Be wary of risky things like wild mushrooms and Internet deals! You can trace wary through Old English back to Old High German giwar "aware, attentive." If you keep a wary eye on something, you are attentive for signs that it is becoming dangerous. Likewise, if you give someone a wary glance, your face conveys the suspicion and caution you feel. When you are wary of driving alone at night or making promises, you fear something bad might happen if you do these things. 1.(adj)marked by keen caution and watchful prudence "they were wary in their movements" "a wary glance at the black clouds" "taught to be wary of strangers" Synonyms:on guard, on one's guard, on your guard, upon one's guard It was windy, which tends to keep wary pigs from grazing. Officials in Brussels say they are wary that, over time, Britain will exploit its independence and weaken the restrictions on risk and other rules that banks don't like. محتاط - با احتیاط - هشیار-مواظب

diabolical

Diabolical means "evil." This is a strong word. Too much math homework might seem unfair, but it probably isn't diabolical. Diabolical is related to the Spanish word diablo, which means "devil." In many religions and mythologies, you can't get any more evil than a devil, so diabolical is a powerful term, stronger than even despicable, which is another strong word for things that are hateful. Diabolical things are also intentional. If you got hit by lightning, that's awful and harmful, but it's not diabolical. If someone deliberately runs you over with a car, that's much more diabolical. 1.(adj)showing the cunning or ingenuity or wickedness typical of a devil "the diabolical expression on his face" Synonyms: devilish, diabolic, mephistophelean, mephistophelian This attitude may be Trump's most diabolical contribution to the United States. The cruelest year's new diabolical twist: election purgatory. شیظانی - اهریمنی

revelation

Discovering that you had a long-lost sister would definitely be a revelation, or a surprising realization. Finding out she had been living in the house next door for years would be an even more startling revelation! It is not a surprise that the word revelation is related to the word reveal, because revealing is the action of showing something that was previously covered up or unknown. You can even use both words in the same sentence: "You might find it a revelation if someone revealed to you that your house was sitting on top of a gold mine!" 1.(n)the act of making something evident Synonyms: disclosure, revealing In its downgrade announcement Tuesday, Moody's cited among its reasons for concern FirstEnergy's revelation in a Thursday U.S. These revelations set his search for the missing painting and his own place in the world on parallel tracks. افشا - الهام - فاش سازی - اشکار سازی

deceitful

Do you like to tell lies? Then you're deceitful — someone who's untrustworthy, two-faced, or fraudulent. Being called deceitful is not a compliment: deceitful words are misleading and deceitful people tend to lie or deceive others. You can say a corrupt business is deceitful, and a two-faced politician is deceitful. A deceitful story is meant to trick you in some way, and a deceitful friend is no friend at all — they're someone you shouldn't trust. Deceitful is the opposite of honest. 1.(adj)marked by deliberate deceptiveness especially by pretending one set of feelings and acting under the influence of another ""she was a deceitful scheming little thing"- Israel Zangwill" Synonyms: Janus-faced, ambidextrous, double-dealing, double-faced, double-tongued, duplicitous, two-faced Separately, there are rules prohibiting lawyers from making false statements to third parties and engaging in deceitful conduct. I was becoming more controlling, manipulative, and deceitful. مکار - پر نیرنگ - دروغگو

domineering

Domineering describes a person who is arrogant and bossy, like a military dictator or a really mean mom. Someone who is strong-willed and overbearing can be described as domineering, like a teacher who fiercely intimidates her students into sitting quietly, never daring to speak up. Parents who say sternly to their kids, "Because I say so, that's why," are speaking in a domineering way. The word domineering comes from the Latin root dominari, "to rule or 'lord' it over." 1.(adj)tending to domineer Synonyms: authoritarian, dictatorial, overbearing Frequent leadership changes, a reluctance to spend money, and a domineering corporate culture would create an atmosphere employees described as toxic. His sweaty face and angry grimace formed the surreal picture of every woman's worst nightmare — the domineering boss, the cruel boyfriend, the violent father, the abusive husband سلطه گرا-قدرت طلب- تحکم کردن -سلطه جویی کردن

appointing

The President can appoint someone as ambassador to another county; that means to give them the job or recommend them for it. It must be nice to be appointed. Usually, people who want a job have to send in applications, do interviews, and jump through lots of hoops. Appointing is different: someone with the power to appoint can usually just give you the job. In some cases, appointing isn't a sure thing and means something closer to "recommending" — but it still beats filling out all those applications. It takes power to appoint people, which is why world leaders are often the ones appointing. 1.(v)assign a duty, responsibility, or obligation to "He was appointed deputy manager" Synonyms:charge 2.(v)furnish "a beautifully appointed house" منصوب کردن - گماشتن - معین کردن - تعیین کردن -

edifice

Edifice means a building, but it doesn't mean just any building. To merit being called an edifice, a building must be important. A mini temple can be an edifice, or a towering sky scraper. The meaning of edifice has expanded to include a system of ideas--when it is complicated enough to be considered to have walls and a roof, then it is an edifice. You could say that basic facts of addition and subtraction are the foundation on which the edifice of higher math rests. 1.(n)a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place "it was an imposing edifice" Synonyms: building It is frightening when self-evident things are urgently stated; it implies that the whole edifice is tottering. We often want Southern California to remain like a perpetual Disneyland, where the edifices of our youth are forever gleaming and occupied. عمارت -ساختمان بزرگ مثل کلیسا

endearing

Endearing describes something or someone extremely lovable, like a kitten or your friend's sense of humor. The adjective endearing was originally used in the 1500s to mean "enhancing the value of," and by the 1640s it also meant "making dear or precious." It can still be used both ways, although the second meaning of endearing is most common. Any time you talk about a person or thing that's adorable or extremely likable, you can describe it as endearing. 1.(adj)lovable especially in a childlike or naive way Synonyms:adorable, lovely But there's something endearing about hearing her push herself in a song that ends with her friends telling her she seems different since she finally dumped Mr. Wrong. Unlike Marshall's classic catch, though, the most endearing moments of a high school football season are not often the biggest plays of a championship game. دوست داشتنی کننده - محبوب کننده محبت امیز

disenfranchised by

Enfranchise means to give someone the right to vote. Disenfranchise means to take it away. The U.S. has a shameful history of disenfranchising African-American citizens through bogus laws and outright intimidation. Being disenfranchised can make you feel like you don't belong or that you have no power. When kids feel disenfranchised in school--when they feel like what they're being asked to learn doesn't matter, or that their teachers don't care about them, that whether they try or not they're going to fail--they stop learning. 1.(v)deprive of voting rights Synonyms: disfranchise Legal experts said it was unlikely that judges assigned to the case would ultimately grant a request to change the rules of an election after the fact in a way that disenfranchises millions of people. They say Modi and his party are slowly disenfranchising them, leaving the community reckoning with a future as second-class citizens. حق رای دادن

enlightenment

Enlightenment is education or awareness that brings change, such as your enlightenment about nutrition that leads you to throw out every last bit of your family's junk food. In Hinduism and Buddhism, enlightenment is also sometimes called "awakening" — after all, the name "Buddha" means "the awakened one." Not all enlightenments are spiritual: your enlightenment about environmental issues, for example, can awaken you to new ways of conserving resources like water and electricity. The Enlightenment started in the 1700's, a historical era defined by a focus on reason and science. 1.(n)education that results in understanding and the spread of knowledge Antonyms: unenlightenment The blinding light at the novel's start is enlightenment, the beginning of Josephine's mastering of her own story. But you won't find much enlightenment on Biden as presidential buddy, or as incoming Oval Office occupant, in the pages of Obama's memoir. روشن فکری - اموزندگی - ارشاد

essence

Essence is whatever most sums up the heart and soul of something, its truest most indispensable qualities. The essence of Las Vegas is poker chips and dreams; the essence of Johnny Cash is black clothing and country music. Essence can be a physical detail, or, just as commonly, the abstract idea or meaning of something. The essence of Lady Chatterly's Lover might be its revolutionary eroticism, or the essence of religion its devotion to God. Essence can also mean the concentrate obtained from a flower or plant for flavoring. If you've chewed strawberry-flavored bubblegum you're probably amazed at how it truly is the very essence of strawberries. 1.(n)the choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience Synonyms: center, centre, core, gist, heart, heart and soul, inwardness, kernel, marrow, meat, nitty-gritty, nub, pith, substance, sum 2.(n)any substance possessing to a high degree the predominant properties of a plant or drug or other natural product from which it is extracted In essence, the new offering serves as a higher tier for those looking to spend some cash on Fortnite. College roommates are usually the essence of close contact. اسانس - ذات -ماهیت - گوهر

fanfare

Fanfare is a loud, proud burst of something to get attention. If you open up a carpet store with one of those sky-sweeping lights, lots of balloons, and a brass band, you're doing it with great fanfare. Originally fanfare meant a short burst of music played by trumpeters, usually when someone important entered a room. But these days we describe anything as fanfare that has the same feeling as a burst of trumpets. If you're a TV executive with a new show you think is going to be a big hit, roll it out with fanfare-—ad campaigns, billboards, celebrity parties! 1.(n)(music) a short lively tune played on brass instruments "her arrival was greeted with a rousing fanfare" Synonyms:flourish, tucket 2.(n)a gaudy outward display Maradona was buried on Thursday amid fanfare and high emotion after his death aged 60 from a heart attack this week, laying to rest one of the world's greatest soccer stars. GSA certification is a process that in typical election years occurs without fanfare or discussion shortly after the race is called by major news outlets. هیاهو - نمایش درفضای ازاد

flamboyance

Flamboyance is a quality of being showy or flashy. You might be awed by the flamboyance of the Elvis impersonator at the talent show, with his glittery, rhinestone-encrusted jumpsuit, aviator sunglasses, and fluffy sideburns. The noun flamboyance comes from the French flamboyer, "to flame," and its root word, which means "to shine, flash, or burn." Flamboyance is about extravagance, confidence, and showiness. The flamboyance of the high-kicking Rockettes dancers and male peacocks displaying extravagantly colored tail feathers is the same in its intention to draw attention. That group of flashy pink birds standing on one leg? That's actually known as a flamboyance of flamingos. 1.(n)extravagant elaborateness "he wrote with great flamboyance" Synonyms: floridity, floridness, showiness "When I was growing up, everybody in my family knew who he was because of his flamboyance and character," says historian and author Steven Bourne. "Everybody was very forward-thinking, everybody was very modernist, everybody was looking to embrace new technology," she said of an influential scene that fostered the Human League's catchy electronics and Pulp's acidic flamboyance. زرق وبرق - کسی که شئ اف میکند و پز میدهد

fleeting

Fleeting is an adjective that describes something that happens really fast, or something that doesn't last as long as you'd like. Driving in a car on the highway, you see a unicorn in the woods, but you only get a fleeting glimpse of it because you're driving too fast. Bummer. Fleeting comes from the Old English word flēotan, which means "float, swim." Like a ghost ship floating by on a foggy night, fleeting things disappear as fast as they appear. Fleeting love may last more than a moment, but it won't stay for very long, and that's why it's called fleeting. 1.(adj)lasting for a markedly brief time "a fleeting glance" Synonyms: fugitive, momentaneous, momentary Amid a massive public health crisis, my fleeting, personal happiness is a small thing. And any progress against the disease appears fleeting. the fleeting days of my youth عبور سریع - ناوگان - کاروان-زودگذر

feign

For a more formal way to say pretend to or imitate, choose the verb feign. You might feign indifference when you hear about some gossip, but you're probably dying to know. Feign comes from the Latin fingere "to devise, fabricate." The word fiction comes from the same source, so if you feign something such as sleep, you give off the fiction that you are sleeping. This can be done to be polite but also to deceive such as when you feign an injury or the flu so you can stay home from school or work. You can also feign an accent, though some are better at this than others. 1.(v)make believe with the intent to deceive "He feigned that he was ill" Synonyms: affect, dissemble, pretend, sham I would feign boredom and leave the room when friends picked something even slightly scary. Asked about there being no fans at Kinnick Stadium to heckle him Saturday, Fitzgerald feigned ignorance. وانمود کردن - جعل کردن - بخود بستن

foray

Foray means brief excursion. If you're in the army, that's a literal excursion into enemy territory. For the rest of us, it means trying something out. "My foray into rugby ended with my spending a week in the hospital." This word derives from the Latin fuerre 'straw', which led into Old French as fourager 'forage,' or search for food. Think of soldiers stealing food from the enemy as maybe how this word first came to be used. Even if that is historically inaccurate, your foray into amateur word-sleuthing will help you remember this word. 1.(n)va sudden short attack 2.(n)an initial attempt (especially outside your usual areas of competence) 1.(n)a sudden short attack Synonyms: maraud, raid Its first major foray, "Trolls," kicked up a feud with theater owners. Two years later, Bob Woodward took a rare foray outside politics to release a book about Belushi, "Wired," an oddly clinical, coldly lurid best seller that focused on the star's debauched final days. یورش - تهاجم - حمله - تاراج بردن

fortuitous

Fortuitous means by chance, like a lucky accident. If you and your best friend's families happen to go on vacation to the same place at the same time, that's a fortuitous coincidence! Something fortuitous is random like an accident, but there's no downside. A rock falling on your head is an accident, dollar bills falling on your head is fortuitous. The meaning of fortuitous is changing from "happening by chance" to "lucky chance" because people get it mixed up with fortunate. But watch out: If you say fortuitous to mean just plain lucky without the element of chance -- that's a usage error. 1.(adj)occurring by happy chance "profits were enhanced by a fortuitous drop in the cost of raw materials" Synonyms: fortunate Oregon State was picked to finish fifth in the conference but that might be fortuitous. By all accounts, fortuitous for the Cougars as well. اتفاقی - تصادفی - شانسی

foul

Foul is most commonly used as an adjective to describe a bad smell. As a verb, foul usually means "make dirty or messy." You might foul your room to the point where it smells a bit foul. In general, foul can be used as an adjective meaning "bad." Foul luck is bad luck; a foul day is a bad day. As a verb, foul can mean "break the rules." It's used this way in sports, like when you commit a foul on the basketball court. The phrase "foul play" can be used in the context of sports or more generally, to indicate unfair or violent behavior. Avoid confusing foul with fowl, which refers to birds, especially chickens. 1.(adj)(v)highly offensive; arousing aversion or disgust Synonyms: disgustful, disgusting, distasteful, loathly, loathsome, repellant, repellent, repelling, revolting, skanky, wicked, yucky 2.(adj)(n)(v)violating accepted standards or rules "used foul means to gain power" Synonyms: cheating, dirty, unsporting, unsportsmanlike 3.(adj)characterized by obscenity 4.(adj)(of a manuscript) defaced with changes Synonyms: dirty, marked-up 5.(adj)especially of a ship's lines etc ناپاک - پلید - ملعون - غلط - نادرست -کثیف - بازی بی قاعده

genius

Genius is an exceptional talent or skill, something above and beyond the norm. A genius is someone who possesses this brilliance, like a child prodigy who learned the piano at age 3 and played sold-out concerts by age 5. Genius comes from the Latin word of the same name, meaning "guardian deity or spirit which watches over each person from birth" or "innate ability." Your genius — your superior talent — at the game of chess could make you a world champion. Your amazing genius would also make you a genius. The word can be used more lightheartedly to describe a natural ability or flair for something. You may have a genius for putting together stylish outfits. 1.(n)unusual mental ability Synonyms:brilliance And one of the movie's tacit messages about that process is that the trope of the "difficult genius" is alive and well, if prone to the occasional hangover. At the 1986 World Cup, where he played as if in a state of grace, his genius reached its highest peak the day he defeated England. نابغه - نبوغ - استعداد

eclipse

Have you ever seen an eclipse? That's when the sun, earth or moon cross paths and cover each other up temporarily. A solar eclipse happens when the moon blocks our view of the sun for a bit. A lunar eclipse happens when the moon is on one side of the earth and the sun directly opposite, so the moon disappears. A TV eclipse, perhaps the most serious of all, is when your dad walks in at the most crucial part of the movie and blocks your view of the TV while he lectures about taking out the trash. 1.(n)the phenomenon when one celestial body obscures another Synonyms: occultation It was the first time in Ohio State history that a QB passed for 300-plus yards, a back ran for 100-plus and a receiver eclipsed 150 yards in the same game. After all, he does not want another man to eclipse him in achievement or adulation from the public. گرفتگی - تحت الشعاع قرار دادن - کسوف یا خسوف

vengeful

Hope that there's no one out there who has vengeful feelings toward you, or wants to get back at you for something that you've done to them. A vengeful person is out for revenge. You might have noticed that the words vengeful and revenge look somewhat similar. That's because their meanings are. The word vengeful is used to describe the feelings of revenge someone has toward another person or group who has done them wrong in the past. Think about Hamlet or Ben-Hur — those dudes were certainly vengeful. 1.(adj)disposed to seek revenge or intended for revenge Synonyms: revengeful, vindictive The vengeful spirit of a murdered student terrorizes a group of teenagers on prom night. He called the Berman-Schechters "nasty" and "vengeful" and said that they were trying to harass his family for money. کینه توز - انتقام جو - بشدت - با خشونت

stagnate

If after high school you choose to live in your parents' house, keep the same job, and spend time with the same friends, your mother might worry that you've decided to stagnate, or stop moving forward. When water stagnates, it stops moving and then sometimes begins to smell bad and attract mosquitoes. Think of a marshy pond or an old puddle. Similarly in the figurative sense, when the economy or society stagnates, it doesn't just sit still, it loses momentum. The word carries with it a negative connotation as something that stagnates really should be moving. 1.(v)stand still "Industry will stagnate if we do not stimulate our economy" He worries the economy will stagnate under a Democratic administration. Do we want our economy to recover, or do we want it to stagnate راکد بودن یا شدن - بی تحرک - غیر فعال خموو -

dispute

If kids can't settle their own argument, they may need someone to mediate their dispute, or conflict. You can often tell this is the case if you hear the loud cry, "Mom!" The noun dispute means any conflict or disagreement. The countries were in the middle of a border dispute; both sides claimed the toxic waste dump belonged to the other. As a verb, dispute can mean to quarrel or argue, but it can also mean to take exception to something. If your boasting friend crows because you lost the trivia game to her by 150 points, you may want to dispute the facts. It was only 145 points. 1.(n)coming into conflict with Synonyms: contravention The court handles disputes involving parking and traffic enforcement in the city. O'Brien also said he hoped to see Qatar Airways be able to overfly boycotting Arab countries "in the next 70 days" before the end of Trump's presidency amid a yearslong political dispute. مورد تردید قرار دادن - بجث کزدن - مشاحره کردن -

onerous

If one teacher gives you three hours of homework a night, that's rough. But if all of your teachers do it, that makes the task of completing your homework an onerous one, to say the least. If something is onerous, it is very difficult to deal with or do. A near synonym is burdensome. In legal usage, onerous describes a contract or lease that has more obligations than advantages. Onerous derives from Middle English, from Old French onereus, from Latin onerōsus, from onus "burden." In English, an onus is a task or duty that is onerous, or very difficult. 1.(adj)not easily borne; wearing "my duties weren't onerous" Synonyms: burdensome, taxing The state's voter laws were so onerous that they were the source of a wave of lawsuits last cycle. Wherever performed, it's physically and psychologically onerous, and survival decreases at older ages. طاقت فرسا - دشوار - سنگین - گران

shiftless

If someone calls you shiftless, it's not a compliment — they're saying that you're lazy and unambitious! Someone who's shiftless avoids hard work at any cost, sometimes through procrastination. Do you hate getting sweaty or feeling tired at the end of a long day of labor? When volunteers are requested, do you slump in your seat instead of raising your hand? If so, you can call yourself shiftless. This adjective comes from a now-uncommon use of the noun shift as "resources." So if you don't have the get-up-and-go — or shift — to do a job, you're shiftless. 1.(adj)lacking or characterized by lack of ambition or initiative; lazy "a shiftless student" "studied in a shiftless way" Synonyms:ambitionless, unambitious بی دست و پا - بی وسیله - بی چاره تغییر ناپذیز

docile

If someone is docile, he is easily taught or handled. If you suddenly became a trouble-maker in class, your teachers would long for the days when you were sweet and docile. Docile comes from Latin root for teaching, docere, so someone docile is easy to teach. A docile student is willing to be taught. A docile animal is easy to handle. If you behave well and do what people tell you to do, you're a docile person. Docile might be a word of praise, but it can also be a criticism of someone for being overly submissive. Some synonyms are amenable and compliant. 1.(adj)easily handled or managed "a gentle old horse, docile and obedient" Synonyms: gentle Rather than remain docile and delight in unconditional diversion, sports intensified a desire to choose a different aim over the past four years. So the press corps' docile stance was largely appropriate مطیع -رام - سر به راه

logorrhea

If someone's always mouthing off and just can't shut up, they've got logorrhea, a pathological inability to stop talking. Sounds better than "loudmouth." As its sound suggests, logorrhea is related to diarrhea — an inability to stop something far more unpleasant from flowing. Diarrhea comes from two Greek words put together, dia meaning "through" and rhein meaning "to flow." In the case of logorrhea, the log prefix is from the Greek word for "words," meaning literally "words flowing through." Technically speaking, logorrhea is an actual illness, unlike such similar terms for extreme chattiness such as loquacious or garrulous. 1.(n)pathologically excessive (and often incoherent) talking Synonyms:logomania Did you hear the one about the Irish Prime Minister who travelled from Dublin to County Clare to meet an American President stricken with logorrhea? But logorrhea is not the same as transparency. پر حرفی شدید - شهوت کلام -پر حرفی و بیهوده گویی

concise

If something is concise, it's short and gets right to the point. A concise edition of your diary might be 50 pages of the most important entries. Concise comes from the Latin word concidere, which means to cut down. When we use concise, we're talking about words that have been cut down. There are no concise trees, but there are concise works of political philosophy. A concise Italian-English dictionary, is shorter than an unabridged one. If you're good at quick explanations, you have a concise manner. A good synonym is succinct. 1.(adj)expressing much in few words "a concise explanation" Synonyms: aphoristic, apothegmatic, epigrammatic Visually, the show is concise - smaller than recent extravaganzas like the opulent "Heavenly Bodies: Fashion and the Catholic Imagination." Some of these are long and dense, but in the relatively concise 2003 manifesto "The Third Paradise," he wrote that humanity must seek "a balanced connection between artifice and nature." مختصر -فشرده - کوتاه

inconsequential

If something is considered of little worth or importance, it is inconsequential. If astronomers forecast a tremendous meteor shower, it might turn out to be no more than space junk, too inconsequential to record. You can use the adjective inconsequential to describe things that just don't matter or are of no relevance, as in "the rainy forecast is totally inconsequential — the bowling tournament is inside!" It also describes things that don't make sense in a certain order, "trying to win their votes is inconsequential: the election's over." Something small or minor can be inconsequential too, though the red bump on your nose on picture-day may not seem as inconsequential to you as it does to the photographer. 1.(adj)lacking worth or importance "his work seems trivial and inconsequential" Synonyms: inconsequent Few big-ticket wins were clear early except for the fact that Democrats held onto the House of Representatives — an expected but not inconsequential victory. The irregularities that do occur are often inconsequential, isolated in nature, and unlikely to alter the outcome of an election. بی اهمیت - ناچیز -

obscure

If something is obscure, it's vague and hard to see. Be careful if you're driving in heavy rain — the painted lines can be obscure. Obscure comes from Latin obscurus, which can mean "dark, dim," "unclear, hard to understand," or "insignificant, humble." We tend to use obscure in the metaphorical senses: an obscure sound is unclear, an obscure village is hidden away in the countryside, and an obscure poet is little known and probably insignificant. Obscure can also be used as a verb. If you get really nervous when you speak during a debate, your embarrassing twitches and shaking hands can obscure your argument. 1.(adj)(v)not clearly understood or expressed "an obscure turn of phrase" ""an impulse to go off and fight certain obscure battles of his own spirit"-Anatole Broyard" 2.(adj)difficult to find3.vreduce a vowel to a neutral one, such as a schwa "an obscure retreat" Synonyms:hidden But no matter how deep the darkness, it should not be allowed to obscure the light that he brought. By 3 p.m., the line of cars stretched past two blocks and obscured a freeway offramp. مبهم - گمنام -نا مفهوم

novel

If something is so new and original that it's never been seen, used or even thought of before, call it novel. The noun novel describes a book-length work of fiction. New and novel come from the same Indo-European root but by different paths. Whereas new is a Germanic word coming from Old English, novel is based on Latin novellus "new, young, fresh." If something is novel, it is new but also original, fresh and unique. Companies are always looking for that novel idea that will earn them millions and skydiving is a novel experience, especially if you're not adventurous. 1.(n)an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story 2.(adj)original and of a kind not seen before کتاب - رمان - جدید

tedious

If something is tedious, it's boring. If you're anxious to get outside and enjoy the sun, even the best lecture will seem tedious. Tedious is the adjective from tedium, which is both Latin and English for boredom. You ordinarily wouldn't use tedious for people, just things; you might say "His speeches are tedious," but usually not "He is tedious." Something that is tedious could also be called tiresome. Shakespeare's Friar Laurence says "I will be brief, for my short date of breath / Is not so long as is a tedious tale." 1.(adj)so lacking in interest as to cause mental weariness "tedious days on the train" Synonyms: boring, deadening, dull, ho-hum, irksome, slow, tiresome, wearisome It is difficult to find skilled workers, current and former employees said, because many jobs involve tedious work and require late hours. The process to get the parade permitted through the city was "tedious," but Graham said that it will be worth it to provide people with a holiday parade this year. خسته کننده -کسل کننده - ناراضی

worrisome

If something is worrisome, it bothers or upsets you. Your nervous dog may find the sound of thunder extremely worrisome. When the news reports are full of worrisome developments — crime, climate change, local budget cuts — it can be reassuring to hear some good news, which is why many news broadcasts also include feel-good stories about lost pets reunited with their owners and kids raising money for the local library. Worrisome things do just what you'd think: they make you worry. This word first appeared around 1820 in North America, and it's been used ever since for things that cause distress. 1.(adj)causing distress or worry or anxiety "in a particularly worrisome predicament" Synonyms: distressful, distressing, disturbing, perturbing, troubling, worrying Maybe even more worrisome is the situation in the secondary given that the expectation was Adams would return to practice this week with a chance to play Sunday. My parents never thought of it as worrisome or something that needed fixing. مزاحم - غمزده - مسبب ناراحتی- ازار دهنده

vex

If something vexes you, it brings you trouble or difficulty. In other words, it annoys, worries, distresses, irritates, bothers, or puzzles you. Vex can be used as an adjective: for example, a vexing issue is not easily solved. The verb vex, the corresponding adjective vexatious, and the noun vexation are all slightly old-fashioned though still in current use. Vex descends through Middle English from Latin vexare, "to shake, attack, trouble." 1.(v)cause annoyance in; disturb, especially by minor irritations Synonyms: annoy, bother, chafe, devil, get at, get to, gravel, irritate, nark, nettle, rag, rile In that time, one of his most popular characters was a crass, mischievous impersonation of the late James Bond star who perpetually vexed Will Ferrell's Alex Trebek on the show's "Celebrity Jeopardy!" parody. Education experts are vexed that keeping schools open seems less of a priority in Italy than it does in France or Germany. رنجاندن - ازردن - رنجه دادن - خشگمگین کردن

exaltation

If the Prize Patrol showed up at your door with a check for a million dollars, you'd probably be overcome with a feeling of exaltation or overwhelming happiness. Chances are slim, so don't bank on it. Exaltation comes from the Latin exaltare meaning to "raise aloft." When you're in a state of exaltation, your emotions are raised aloft and you're swept away in happiness. Exaltation is also the term for praising someone really highly or raising someone in rank, and for a group of larks, and in astrology, the place in a planet's orbit of maximum influence. Fly an exaltation of larks above the ceremony of your exaltation to Minister of Vocabulary. 1.(n)the elevation of a person (as to the status of a god) Synonyms: apotheosis, deification 2.(n)a flock of larks (especially a flock of larks in flight overhead) 3.(n)the location of a planet in the zodiac at which it is believed to exert its maximum influence Molissa Fenley's thrilling "State of Darkness" is a raw and daring tour de force, full of grief and exaltation, fear and bravery. As we turn from these mosaics to the interior space of the church, we realize that it, too, shares the quality of dematerialized, soaring slenderness that endows the figures with their air of mute exaltation. تجلیل - تمدید - بلندی -ستایش

Reluctant

If the adjective reluctant applies to you, it means that you are undergoing some inner struggle and are unwilling or unable to decide. The word reluctant comes from the Latin reluctantem, which means "to struggle against." These days reluctant means "unwilling." If you're reluctant to dance to a terrible song, you're unwilling to shake your booty, and you might even have to struggle against your friends who try to get you on the dance floor. You might offer them a reluctant smile instead (and hope it doesn't look like a grimace). 1.(adj)not eager "foreigners stubbornly reluctant to accept our ways" "fresh from college and reluctant for the moment to marry him" Synonyms: uneager When asked about the election, Powell said he was "very reluctant to comment on the election, directly or indirectly." Morgan Jerkins, cultural critic and author of "Wandering in Strange Lands: A Daughter of the Great Migration Reclaims her Roots," was reluctant to say yes. بی میل - بدون اشتیاق - با بی میلی- اکراه -بیزاری

abruptly

If the weather changes abruptly, from bright and sunny to pouring down rain, you're going to get wet. When something happens abruptly, it is sudden and unexpected. Almost anything can change abruptly, and it will always take you by surprise, whether it's the movement of a car, the mood of a movie, or the behavior of your dog. If you've ever had a conversation with someone who spoke to you abruptly, you may have found them a little rude. A physical attribute can also be described as abrupt, like when the edge of a rocky cliff drops abruptly to the ocean. 1.(adv)quickly and without warning Synonyms: dead, short, suddenly Reeves, who abruptly retired this week amid a series of controversies involving race, did not respond to a detailed request for comment. Last month, Texas's governor, Greg Abbott, a Republican, abruptly issued an order that limited each county in the state to offer one ballot drop box. ناگهان - غفلتا -بتندی -بدخبر - بیگناه

consecutive

If things are consecutive, they happen one after the other with no break. If there are five consecutive snowstorms on five consecutive days, you'll have to shovel your way out on day six. Consecutive comes from the Latin consecutus, meaning "following closely" with no gap. Just like those snowstorms — one storm happened each day, back to back, for five days in a row. Consecutive numbers also follow each other, or advance in the right order. For example, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 are consecutive numbers. You should number the pages on a term paper to keep them consecutive so the teacher doesn't get confused. 1.(adj)one after the other Synonyms: back-to-back Synonyms: sequent, sequential, serial, successive After missing a field goal and an extra point in consecutive games, Michael Badgley rebounded last weekend to hit field goals of 52, 47 and 33 yards and all three of his extra points. Johnson's two decades as driver of the No. 48 established him as the best of his generation — he won five consecutive titles during a jaw-dropping run of 35 victories from 2006-2010. پشت سر هم -متوالی - پی در پی -

abstain

If you abstain from something, you restrain yourself from consuming it. People usually abstain from things that are considered vices — like eating French fries every day for lunch. Roots of the word abstain are from the 14th-century French, "to withhold oneself," and the word often refers to people who hold themselves back from indulging in habits that are bad for them, physically or morally. Abstain can also mean to withhold a vote, and sometimes a difficult decision is stalled when government representatives abstain from voting one way or another. 1.(v)choose not to partake in or consume "I abstain from alcohol" Synonyms:desist, refrain 2.(v)refrain from voting Another 41 lawmakers abstained, and 28 others were absent mostly due to the coronavirus resurgence. In Michigan, the statewide canvassing board, with two Republicans and two Democrats, voted 3 to 0 to approve the results, with one Republican abstaining. خودداری کردن - پرهیز کردن - امتناع کردن

Alleges

If you accuse someone of committing a crime but the proof of the wrongdoing isn't yet found, use the verb allege. You might allege that your sister broke a vase, just because no one else was home when you heard the crash. If you ever watch news programs, you often hear the verb allege. A reporter might say that detectives allege that a certain person, who is now being held without bail, set a fire. This can be confusing: If the person is in jail, then he or she must have set that fire, right? In reality, the person is a suspect, awaiting trial. In our country, people are assumed innocent until proven guilty in a court of law. That's why we used allege until we know for sure. 1.(v)report or maintain "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime" Synonyms: aver, say t's not the first case alleging a severe outcome after a Washington jail ignored medical dietary needs. The lawsuit alleges the company violated state false claims and unjust enrichment laws, and seeks damages and civil penalties. دلیل اوردن - اظهار کرئن- ادعا

indict

If you accuse someone of committing an offense, you indict them. A book that indicts the entire education system might lay out all the reasons that schools are failing kids. In a legal sense, the verb indict means to bring formal charges against someone, especially in a court of law, as in a federal grand jury. The grand jury indicted, the man on 12 counts of murder. Although it's true the boy had stolen cookies from the cookie jar in the past, that is no reason to indict him out of hand in the present case. There were no witnesses and the crumb evidence would suggest someone else committed the crime. 1.(v)accuse formally of a crime The officers, Lucas Vinyard and Alejandro Amaya, were indicted last month by a special grand jury in Virginia, each for a count of involuntary manslaughter and a count of reckless use of a firearm. A grand jury declined to indict in the shooting. متهم کردن - اعلام جرم کردن - علیه کسی نامه تنظیم کردن

ardent

If you are ardent, you are passionate about something. A pop star's ardent admirers might go so crazy at his concert that they faint from excitement. Ardent is most often used to modify words like supporter, fan, advocate, admirer, and defender — but also opponent. Although you can either ardently support or oppose something, support is by far the more common use. The word literally means "burning" or "glowing" — it's from Latin ardere, "to burn." In poetic use, the word is sometimes used to mean "glowing," as Alexander Pope did in his 1718 translation of Homer's Iliad: "From rank to rank she darts her ardent eyes." 1.(adj)characterized by intense emotion "ardent love" "an ardent lover" Synonyms:fervent, fervid, fiery, impassioned, perfervid, torrid It didn't get a ton of attention from the president's most ardent supporters, nor was it widely amplified by his loudest critics. Listeners in Lichtenstein, meanwhile, are the most ardent consumers of seasonal songs. دو اتشه - وفادار -

loyal

If you are faithful and devoted to someone or something, you're loyal. If you refuse to buy milk from anyone other than Farmer Jones, then you're a very loyal customer. Someone who is loyal is reliable and always true, like your trusty dog. Loyal comes from the Old French word loial which means something like "legal," but if someone is only loyal to you because the law requires him to be, that's not true loyalty, which should come from the heart, not a contract. A loyal friend supports you all the time, no matter what. You can also be loyal to an idea, like the People's Revolution, or girl-power. 1.(adj)steadfast in allegiance or duty "loyal subjects" "loyal friends stood by him" Synonyms: allegiant But Glasgow's tobacco merchants were loyal to their own. He enabled an admitted felon to walk free solely because he was a loyal Trumpist. وفادار - با وفا

fortunate

If you are lucky, you are fortunate. You can be fortunate to have avoided something terrible and you can be fortunate to have acquired, won, or been bestowed with something better than those around you, like wealth and good looks. The adjective fortunate comes from the Latin word fortunatus, meaning "prospered," "prosperous," "lucky," or "happy." Fortunate is related to the word fortune and they have similar meanings, in the sense that those fortunate enough to have a fortune most likely have gobs of money and are sometimes called "the fortunate." When it comes to predicting the future, you could get bad news from a fortune teller about what's in store for you, but if you're fortunate — she'll say something good. 1.(adj)having unexpected good fortune "other, less fortunate, children died" "a fortunate choice" Synonyms: better off Perhaps you are focused on the short-term direction of the stock market and the money you've been fortunate enough to put into it. "I'm very fortunate to witness and be a part of him making an impact to the people that are here," she said. خوش شانس - خوش بخت

reckless

If you are reckless, you don't think or care about the consequences of your words or actions, like a reckless driver who speeds while texting, knitting, and eating a sandwich. The word reckless comes from the Old English word receleas, meaning "careless, thoughtless, heedless." If you have a reckless attitude, you aren't concerned about what happens to yourself or others who are affected by your actions. In this usage, reckless is the opposite of considerate. Reckless friends will invite people you don't know to your house because with your parents away, it's party time. Surprise! 1.(adj)marked by defiant disregard for danger or consequences ""became the fiercest and most reckless of partisans"-Macaulay" "a reckless driver" Synonyms :foolhardy, heady, rash Well, there are some who are happy to continue to spread reckless disinformation: The driver is facing probable charges of fleeing, reckless driving, driving under the influence of drugs and possession of drug paraphernalia, according to officials. بی پروا - بی ملاحظه - بی باک -بی دق ت

rigorous

If you are rigorous when you do something, you do it extremely carefully and precisely. A rigorous inspection of your tax records has revealed the government owes you money. Congratulations! The Latin root for rigorous is rigor, meaning "stiffness." This might remind you of rigor mortis, the stiffening of a body after death, as often seen on cop shows. This is a good, if creepy, way of remembering the meaning of rigorous: rigorous people are stiff and unbending about the standards of their work. This requires being alive, of course. 1.(adj)rigidly accurate; allowing no deviation from a standard "rigorous application of the law" Synonyms:strict Some experts recommend more rigorous testing to protect wider community. In a phone interview, he declined to speak at length about the loan, except to say that the company's experience with Treasury was positive and rigorous. سخت -شدید - خیلی دقیق

brusque

If you ask a salesperson for help finding something and all you get in response is a brusque "Everything's out on the shelves," you'll probably take your business elsewhere. A brusque manner of speaking is unfriendly, rude, and very brief. Brush and brusque are not related, but they sound similar — when someone is brusque, you often feel that they are trying to give you the brush off. Near synonyms for brusque are curt, short, and gruff. Brusque (pronounced "brusk") was borrowed from the French word meaning "lively or fierce," from Italian brusco, "coarse, rough." 1.(adj)marked by rude or peremptory shortness "try to cultivate a less brusque manner" Synonyms: brusk, curt, short discourteous Everything pointed one way—the brusque nurse who eventually summoned us, the ice-cold ultrasound jelly, the drawn blinds, and my own intuition. I don't think you should be so brusque as to say, "It's my body and you need to stop pushing your standards on me." خشن-بی ادب-خشن در رفتار

discern

If you can make out, pick out, or distinguish something, you can discern it. This is a word for recognizing and perceiving things. Discerning has to do with being able to see or hear something. In a loud room, it can be hard to discern one person's voice. If there's not much light, you'll have trouble discerning the words on a page well enough to read. If you have sloppy handwriting, then it's hard to discern what you wrote. When you can discern something, you can tell what it is; you can identify it. 1.(v)detect with the senses Synonyms: distinguish, make out, pick out, recognise, recognize, spot, tell apart After being fired by a string of theater organizations whose boards of directors weren't as enthusiastic for his happily profane productions as the more discerning critics, Gregory founded his own company. There were "multiple cloud layers in the airspace" and other pilots told investigators "the horizon was difficult if not impossible to discern below 9,000ft". تشخیص دادن - درک کردن - فهمیدن

immutable

If you can't change it, it's immutable. There are many things in life that are immutable; these unchangeable things include death, taxes, and the laws of physics. The adjective immutable has Latin roots that mean "not changeable." The Latin prefix for not is in, but the spelling changes when the prefix is put before the consonant m. It is im before a root word starting with m as in immutable. If you learn this rule, you'll know the immutable fact that immutable begins with i-m-m. 1.(adj)not subject or susceptible to change or variation in form or quality or nature "the view of that time was that all species were immutable, created by God" Synonyms:changeless "Nothing about the design of these platforms is natural, inevitable or immutable. Everything is up for grabs," said Evelyn Douek, a lecturer at Harvard Law School who focuses on online speech. Civil-liberties advocates, though, are concerned the company is storing immutable biometric information on its customers, which they say poses risks to consumer privacy. تغییر ناپذیز - ثبات -پابرجایی

ambivalent

If you can't decide how you feel about something, declare yourself ambivalent about it. Ambivalent means "having mixed feelings about something." A Swiss psychologist named Eugen Bleuler coined the German word Ambivalenz in the early twentieth century, and it was soon imported into English. Bleuler combined the Latin prefix ambi-, meaning "both," with valentia, "strength." So etymologically speaking, if you're ambivalent you're being pulled by two equally strong things — but in practice, ambivalence often arises from caring very little either way. You might feel ambivalent about your lunch options if you have to choose between a murky stew and flavorless tofu. 1.(adj)uncertain or unable to decide about what course to follow "was ambivalent about having children" Synonyms: incertain, uncertain, unsure For many years, HTE was ambivalent about, dismissive even, of the tuna melt. Voters who remain ambivalent about their choices tend not to be particularly motivated by political issues, and they often don't hold the sort of ideological convictions that would place either candidate off-limits. دوددل- دمدمی - دوجنبه ای - مطمین نبودن از چیزی یا احساسی

ignorance

If you didn't do any of the reading or homework for your Russian history class, you are probably hoping the teacher won't call on you, so you can hide your ignorance, or lack of knowledge. The noun ignorance is not a synonym for "stupidity," since its meaning is closer to "being uninformed" than "being unintelligent." Ignorance implies that a person or group needs to be educated on a particular subject. You might have heard the phrase "ignorance is bliss," which means that sometimes it's easier when you don't know the whole truth about something and can be blissfully happy, unaware of unpleasant realities. 1.(n)the lack of knowledge or education We may be weary of doom scrolling, but we must remove our blinders and face these facts with community action and professional negotiators before we perish through our own ignorance. It also contributes to ignorance about some of the main issues that impact migrant and undocumented farmworkers. جهل - نادانی -جهالت

dispose

If you dispose of something, you get rid of it. Don't want that sweatshirt with the clown's face on it? Give it away, throw it out, even sell it — these are all ways to dispose of that awful shirt. The verb dispose comes from the Latin word disponere, meaning "put in order," "arrange," or "distribute" — like when you dispose volunteers to collect trash at a park. The word of usually follows dispose when it means "getting rid of something." Another meaning is "make willing or open to something," like your childhood love of reading that disposes you to becoming a life-long reader. 1.(v)give, sell, or transfer to another "She disposed of her parents' possessions" They are routinely disposed of using a counter charge placed next to the bomb to explode it, and there are an estimated 50 detonations a year. Between 2.7% and 5.3% of that was mismanaged — not burned, placed in landfills or otherwise disposed of properly, according to a study in Friday's journal Science Advances. خلاص شدن -دور انداختن - در اختیار - تحت فرمان -مستعد کردن

vacantly

If you do something vacantly, it's characterized by a lack of feeling or expression. Nod along vacantly as your friend describes her weekend and she'll wonder if you're really paying attention. The adverb vacantly is used for actions that have an underlying blankness to them. Vacant means "empty," and whenever you do something vacantly, it's empty of thought, expression, or emotion. After witnessing a tragedy, you might stare vacantly ahead, speechless. Exhausted from lack of sleep, you may find yourself gazing vacantly at a book without processing the words on the page. Usually friendly neighbors stared vacantly at one another as they reached for their morning papers. Belushi or Lynch would appear occasionally, staring vacantly into the lens during cutaways or sprinkling insight into what it all meant. از روی بیحالی-از روی سستی

eschew

If you eschew something, you deliberately avoid it. If you live the bohemian life in the city, then most likely you eschew the suburbs. Eschew comes from a word meaning dread, or shun. So to eschew something isn't simply to avoid it, the way you would avoid walking in a puddle--it's stronger than that. You eschew things that you find morally or aesthetically wrong, or that you have chosen to find wrong. A dieter might eschew a chocolate sundae, not because he doesn't like it, but because he's afraid of what it will do to his waistline 1.(v)avoid and stay away from deliberately; stay clear of Synonyms: shun He will do so with the record of a No. 2 who was content to play a largely behind-the-scenes White House role, eschewing Trump's propensity for drama and endearing himself to the former reality-television-star-turned-commander-in-chief. Francis' decision to eschew the mask drew criticism on social media and concern from within the Vatican. اجتناب کردن -خودداری کردن

hurtle

If you forcefully throw or fling something, you hurtle it. In a food fight, you may hurtle chocolate pudding across the room, but be prepared for someone to launch peas at you in retaliation. Duck! The verb hurtle also means to move rapidly, often with a rushing sound, and sometimes with seeming lack of control. If you are driving on wet, slippery roads at night, try not to drive fast and skid out of control — if you do, your car may seem to hurtle through the darkness! By the way, even though we can't feel it, the earth hurtles through space at approximately 67,000 miles per hour as it orbits the sun. 1.(v)move with or as if with a rushing sound "The cars hurtled by" Hour by hour the New Horizons probe was hurtling toward a New Year's Day rendezvous with Arrokoth, an ancient, icy rock at the edge of the Solar System. Back in February when the pandemic was hurtling towards us from the other side of the world, we watched how it devastated Italy and Spain and predicted that Bradford would also be badly hit. پرت کردن - خوردن - تصادف کردن - پیچ دادن -

rehabilitate

If you have been in a bad accident or have an addiction problem, you may go away for a stretch of time to rehabilitate yourself or, in other words, bring yourself back to health. Though we hear a lot about rehabilitation or "rehab" in the press in connection with drugs or alcohol, the word rehabilitate has a lot of other meanings. You can rehabilitate a building's structure by reinforcing it with steel beams, or rehabilitate your bad reputation by staying after school to help clean up the grounds. 1.(v)help to readapt, as to a former state of health or good repute "The prisoner was successfully rehabilitated" "After a year in the mental clinic, the patient is now rehabilitated" The U.S. will be without reigning world player of the year Megan Rapinoe, who hasn't trained since March, and Carli Lloyd, a two-time world player of the year who is rehabilitating a knee injury. In May, as he rehabilitated his knee and pondered a 2020 season possibly postponed by the pandemic, Daniels announced he was transferring to Georgia for a fresh start. توان بخشی کردن - دوباره ساختن - -هدایت کردن -بازسازی

desultory

If you lack a definite plan or purpose and flit from one thing to another, your actions are desultory. Some people call such desultory wanderings spontaneous. Others call it "being lost." The adjective desultory comes from the word desultor, which was a circus rider who would leap from the back of one galloping horse onto another. From this literal sense of jumping from one thing to another, we get the modern meaning of desultory as jumping between things without a logical purpose. 1.(adj)marked by lack of definite plan or regularity or purpose; jumping from one thing to another "desultory thoughts" "the desultory conversation characteristic of cocktail parties" Synonyms: purposeless Many aging former Masters winners are content to show up on their lifetime invitation, play two desultory rounds and call it a weekend after missing the cut. In the long, desultory debate before Barrett's inevitable Senate confirmation Monday, few even pretended they were engaged in some historic or noble tradition. درهم برهم- بی قاعده - پرت -بی ربط - بی ترتیب

furnish

If you provide something needed, you furnish it. You can furnish an answer to a question in an interview, furnish the snacks at a party, or furnish a room by filling it with couches and chairs. Just as furniture fills a room or a building, to furnish is to fill a need. Another word for furnish is "provide." A furnace furnishes heat (try saying that ten times fast). A job furnishes you with an income. Your parents furnish you with a place to live, furniture included. 1.(v)provide or equip with furniture "We furnished the house in the Biedermeyer style" 2.(v)give something useful or necessary to Synonyms: provide, render, supply Artenstein furnished proof that the respirators were destined for his hospitals. But I don't see these labels on smaller home furnishings, such as pillows or decorative accessories. مبله کردن - مجهز کردن - تهیه کردن

shun

If you purposely stay away from someone, you shun that person. A sensitive baker may ask why you are shunning her cookies. Although the verb shun means to deliberately avoid anything, it has a specific meaning in certain groups and communities. In this case, it means to ostracize or expel from that group or community. The Amish, for example, may shun members of their order who repeatedly ignore the beliefs and rules of Amish society. The word may also be used in more casual group settings. After many attempts at being polite, you and your friends began to shun the obnoxious woman who never let you get a word in edgewise 1.(v)avoid and stay away from deliberately; stay clear of Synonyms: eschew "Our country is so deeply polarized that supporting a candidate who is different from your family or your social network subjects you to criticism and shunning and other really unpleasant social behaviors." "That kind of group wouldn't be getting as much traction traditionally. They're a major player despite being shunned by their own party which is pretty astonishing," Mr Godfrey says. اجتناب کردن - گریختن - پرهیز کردن

rebuke

If you receive a rebuke, it means that you have been reprimanded, or scolded. You're sure to get a rebuke if you forget to do your math homework four days in a row. The word rebuke can be a verb, meaning to sternly reprimand or scold, but it can also be a noun, because a rebuke is the result of being scolded. The root comes from the Old French rebuchier and means "to hack down," or "beat back." A rebuke, then, is meant to be critical and to chide — in today's terms, a rebuke is verbal smack-down! 1.(n)an act or expression of criticism and censure "he had to take the rebuke with a smile on his face" Synonyms: reprehension, reprimand, reproof, reproval A few weeks before Election Day, the actor issued a harsh rebuke of Biden and also called him "evil." In a moment of self-reflection, Colbert admitted that he's partially responsible for inundating his viewers and the public with constant Trump coverage and rebuke. سرزنش - ملامت -زخم زبان -سرکوفت - کوشمالی

refer

If you refer to something, you consult it. To check your spelling, you refer to a dictionary. If you want to know when your spring break starts, you can refer to your class schedule. Refer is made up of two very useful Latin roots: re- "back" and ferre "carry," and when one thing refers to another, one meaning "carries back" to the other — there's some kind of connection. "The term "Spaghetti Western" refers to a kind of Western often filmed in Italy by Italian filmmakers, in Italian." If you have a mysterious rash, your doctor might refer you — send you — to an allergist. 1.(v)make reference to Synonyms: advert, bring up, cite, mention, name 2.(v)send or direct for treatment, information, or a decision "refer a patient to a specialist" "refer a bill to a committee" Public health experts refer to this as the Swiss cheese effect. In the absence of trade names, the NHS uses codenames to refer to the two vaccine candidates that are expected to be the first available. اشاره کردن - مربوط بودن - ارجاع دادن

cynical

If you think public officials are nothing but a bunch of greedy buffoons, you have a cynical attitude about politics. A cynical person has a bleak outlook about others, always imagining that people are ruled by their worst instincts. H.L. Mencken was famous for saying cynical things like, "Nobody ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American public." The original Cynics were ancient Greek philosophers who never had a good word to say about anyone. The Greek word kynikos actually means "canine," maybe because all of that sneering seemed a little dog-like. 1.(adj)believing the worst of human nature and motives; having a sneering disbelief in e.g. selflessness of others Synonyms: misanthropic, misanthropical Trump's approach wasn't just cynical, it was sociopathic. I'm a longtime reporter, skeptical and occasionally cynical. بدبین - منفی باف - با بد بینی

initiate

If you want to end the feud between your siblings, you might need to initiate peace talks — and come up with a fair way to decide who gets the top bunk. As a verb, initiate means to start. As a noun, initiate refers to someone who has been inducted into a group. Initiate is tricky because you pronounce the last bit one way as a verb (i-ni-she-ate) and another when it's a noun (i-ni-she-at). If you're an initiate, you've been introduced to a field of study, an activity, a club, etc. As a verb, to initiate is to begin, pioneer, or broach a topic. You might say, "Let's initiate the swearing-in ceremony so our new initiates can join the Rule-Breakers' Club and still get home without missing their curfews." 1.(v)set in motion, start an event or prepare the way for Synonyms: lead up 2.(v)(n)accept people into an exclusive society or group, usually with some rite "African men are initiated when they reach puberty" Synonyms:induct Sanders was, of course, right, because the crisis in American democracy was not initiated by the election of Donald Trump in 2016. But there's cause for comfort, of a sort, in signs that the president is preparing for life outside the White House in exactly the way one would expect — by initiating new grifts. وارد کردن - ابتکارکردن - اغاز کردن -

curious

If you're curious, you really want to know something — like the secret ingredient that makes these cookies so crunchy. You may wish you hadn't been so curious when you find out it's roasted crickets. Curious describes someone who is eager to find out answers and to explore and learn. A curious student asks lots of questions. A curious little monkey, like the famous Curious George from the children's book series, may be so curious to know how a clock works that he breaks it trying to get a closer look inside. Curious can also describe something unusual, like a house that is painted a curious shade of purple. 1.(adj)eager to investigate and learn or learn more (sometimes about others' concerns)2.adjbeyond or deviating from the usual or expected "a curious child is a teacher's delight" "a trap door that made me curious" "curious investigators" "traffic was slowed by curious rubberneckers" "curious about the neighbor's doings" Synonyms: inquisitive, questioning, speculative, wondering Americans who are curious why their Trump-devoted friends broke off all contact might want to reread the paragraph above. At the end of one of our meetings, Jake asked me a curious hypothetical question. کنجکاو - نادر - فضول

downcast

If you're feeling sad, gloomy, blue, low, grim, depressed, or melancholy, you probably don't care if there could possibly any more synonyms for the way you feel. Rest assured that there are, and one of them is downcast. Downcast most frequently describes a person's mood: downhearted, down in the mouth, down in the dumps, just plain old down. It can also refer to the direction in which something is pointed — down. Your eyes, for instance, gazing downward, are downcast. And many times when your eyes are looking that way, it's because you're feeling that way 1.(adj)filled with melancholy and despondency "downcast after his defeat" Synonyms: blue, depressed, dispirited, down, down in the mouth, downhearted, gloomy, grim, low, low-spirited 2.(n)a ventilation shaft through which air enters a mine When told there were four laps left late in the race, a downcast Bottas said: "I wish it was less." Are his shoulders slumped and his eyes downcast? ویرانی - سربزیری - دل افسردگی

inclined

If you're inclined to do something, you want to do it, you like doing it, and you may even have an inherent talent for doing it. Alternatively, if the sidewalk outside your house is inclined, that means it slopes upward. Inclined means that you're likely to do something, you're leaning toward doing it, or you do it habitually. If you're inclined to eat too much at Thanksgiving, you're not alone. If you're inclined to want to join the Iditarod dog sled race, get a warm jacket. Inclined can also be an adjective describing something that's at an angle. If a ramp is inclined, it's on a slant, sloping up toward something else. 1.(adj)at an angle to the horizontal or vertical position "an inclined plane" Synonyms: gradual 2.(adj)(often followed by `to') having a preference, disposition, or tendency "wasn't inclined to believe the excuse" "inclined to be moody" Synonyms: apt, disposed, given, minded, tending 3.(adj)having made preparations Synonyms: disposed, fain, prepared In a tweet, the "Will & Grace" star inclined her followers to deflect from comments made by Trump in an early morning press conference. "Ant may be just falling victim to their own size and success. I am more inclined to think of this as a political message reminding everyone this is a highly regulated economy." خم کردن -شیب - تمایل- گرایش داشتن - تمایل داشتن

exaggeration

If you're prone to exaggeration, it means you habitually overstate the truth. If you have a dog and a hamster, it would be an exaggeration to describe yourself as "practically Doctor Dolittle," living in a house full of animals. When you make something showier, or more noticeable than normal, that's also called exaggeration. The exaggeration of your hand movements might be necessary on stage so the audience can see them, but in real life it just looks silly. Exaggeration comes from the Latin word exaggerare, which means to magnify or to heap or pile on. 1.(n)making to seem more important than it really is Synonyms: magnification, overstatement That's the reason why people are questioning the vaccine, because of all the things he says and doesn't say — is it truthful or not truthful, the exaggerations." "To say many lives are at stake is not an exaggeration." اغرق- مبالغه - گزافه گویی

heretic

If your friend became interested in Hinduism, with its many gods and rituals, her Catholic mother might be worried that her daughter was a heretic, or a person whose religious beliefs are in contrast to the fundamental beliefs of her church. The noun heretic is mostly used in a religious context to talk about someone whose actions or beliefs act against the laws, rules, or beliefs of some specific religion. However, heretic can also be used in a non-religious way to mean "someone whose ideas go against the norm." Say your regular hangout is a cowboy honky-tonk and most of your friends play in country bands; you might be considered a heretic if you announced that your favorite kind of music is actually opera. 1.(n)a person who holds religious beliefs in conflict with official dogma, especially of the Roman Catholic Church Synonyms: misbeliever, religious outcast Last month IS killed more than 20 students outside a tuition centre in a Kabul neighbourhood largely populated by ethnic Hazaras, followers of Shia Islam whom IS regard as heretics. Others, particularly in England, were treated as heretics, scorned for daring to try to earn more money. فاسدالعقیده-بدعت گذار

dementia

If your grandfather suffers from dementia, he has a brain disorder that's causing him to gradually lose his memory and become disoriented and confused. Although dementia is most common in elderly people, it's not a normal part of growing older but a syndrome caused by brain disease or injury. Dementia gets its name from the Latin words de, or "without," and mens, or "mind," which join together to mean "madness," although in English, dementia is not the same thing as madness. One example of an illness that causes dementia is Alzheimer's disease. 1.(n)mental deterioration of organic or functional origin Synonyms:dementedness It tells the story of an elderly woman suffering from dementia while struggling to solve a murder mystery - a role which previously earned Jackson a Bafta. She still loves dancing, gospel music and Chinese food, but she struggles with dementia. جنون - دیوانگی- خرق-زوال عقل

vague

If your grasp of physics is vague and you've got a test coming up, it's time to hit the books. When something is vague, it's unclear, murky, and hard to understand. Vague comes from the Latin vagus, which means wandering or rambling. Think of a vagabond, someone who wanders around the world with only a vague idea of where he's going. There are a few big, impressive words for vague, including ambiguous, nebulous, and tenebrous. 1.(adj)lacking clarity or distinctness "saw a vague outline of a building through the fog" Synonyms: dim, faint, shadowy, wispy Hilton gets an A for effort for this homemade montage of herself trying on a variety of vague Halloween-store looks, including a schoolgirl, a flapper and a Playboy bunny. Some large businesses are keeping their plans vague. مبهم -غیرمعلوم-معلق

skeptically

If your sister looks at you skeptically when you tell her about the UFO you saw hovering over your house last night, it means she doubts the truth of your story. Skeptically means "in a disbelieving way." When you do something skeptically, you do it with skepticism — a healthy amount of doubt, or a question in the back of your mind. It makes sense to respond skeptically to the claim that eating 10 bananas a day will ensure you'll live to be 100 (particularly if it's not backed up by scientific research). Even if you're idealistic and open to new ideas, you'll still react skeptically to certain things, like your brother's assertion that he'll definitely be a movie star one day. 1.(adv)with scepticism; in a sceptical manner Synonyms: sceptically And now President Trump ... I bet some of you are waiting skeptically for this story. "You expect us to believe that Mrs....uh, that some woman sent you this heart picture her kid drew?" she asked skeptically. دیر باور - شک گرایانه -شکاک

illicit

Illicit means not allowed by law or custom. It's illegal to kill endangered elephants, but many poachers still engage in the Illicit ivory trade. Illicit usually refers to something that is not morally proper or acceptable. Illicit activities — like smuggling or counterfeiting — happen under the radar of the law. Illicit is from Latin illicitus, from the prefix in-, "not," plus licitus, "lawful." 1.(adj)contrary to accepted morality (especially sexual morality) or convention "an illicit association with his secretary" Synonyms: adulterous, extracurricular, extramarital But illicit messages may soon pervade the roadway after U.S. She made illicit cellphone videos to tell people about her plight. قاچاق - نا مشروع - مخالف مقررات

cunning

In fairy tales, always watch out for the cunning fox or the cunning witch. Cunning means clever, in the sense of trickery. A cunning plan might involve setting traps for the innocent and pure at heart to fall into. This adjective goes back to the 14th century English verb cunnen, which meant "to know," and is actually related to our English verb know. In earlier times, the noun was used to mean a high level of skill in using the hands. You can be cunning, but you can also use your cunning to figure out a very clever and tricky plan. 1.(adj)(n)showing inventiveness and skill "the cunning maneuvers leading to his success" Synonyms:clever, ingenious 2.(adj)attractive especially by means of smallness or prettiness or quaintness These cunning little pumpkin bowls from Sur La Table add something new to the Thanksgiving table. His rhetoric was calculated, with feral cunning, to preemptively delegitimize the election. حیله گری - زیر خاکی - زیرکی

mandatory

In the US, attending school through the twelfth grade, driving on the right side of the road, and obtaining a social security number are all mandatory. The phrase "mandatory requirement" is redundant. A mandatory action is something that is required, obligatory, or compulsory. Like letting your Great Aunt Edna pinch your cheeks or passing gym to get your diploma. Mandatory is often used in opposition to optional. If you want to compete with the swim team at school, weeknight practices are mandatory, meaning you have to go, though the Saturday dawn swim practice remains optional, meaning it's up to you. 1.(adj)required by rule "attendance is mandatory" Synonyms:compulsory, required 2.(n)the recipient of a mandate 3.(n)a territory surrendered by Turkey or Germany after World War I and put under the tutelage of some other European power until they are able to stand by themselves Fearing a fine because he was not wearing a mask, which is mandatory in France because of the coronavirus pandemic, Mr. Zecler said he quickly entered the studio. Many other businesses are closed, face masks are mandatory, gatherings of more than five people are prohibited and there's no indication when schools will be able to bring students back to the classroom. اجباری - الزامی -

withstand

In the story of the three little pigs, only the house made of brick was able to withstand the huffing and puffing of the Big Bad Wolf. To withstand is to hold up against something strong. Withstand means to stand your ground against a powerful and negative force. A lot of toys can withstand rough treatment, but CDs definitely can't. And hopefully, you can withstand the pressures of school and work! If you can withstand a lot of criticism, it means you can take it without giving up. 1.(v)resist or confront with resistance "The new material withstands even the greatest wear and tear" Synonyms:defy, hold, hold up She said she thinks the relationship with China is mature enough to withstand such disagreements. Will their reunion withstand enforced close quarters, random viruses and an iceberg? تحمل کردن - تاب اوردن - مقاومت کردن با

justified

In typesetting, the term justified refers to how words line up with the margins of a page or column. Whether you choose to make the text left, right, or fully justified depends on the purpose of the text. If you're typing a letter, you may want the date and your address to be right justified. The last character on each line would touch the right margin. The salutation (the part that says, "Dear Sir or Madam") would be left justified, with the D touching the left margin. The body of the letter could be left justified, with the right margin uneven, or fully justified, with both the right and left aligned. 1.(adj)having words so spaced that lines have straight even margins Synonyms:even Brennan, a physical science professor, justified his use of racist slurs in one of his tweets as an attempt to "neutralize its power." The grand jury would examine details of Guerrero's death and recommend whether use of force was justified or if people should be criminally charged. توجیه کردن - حق دادن - تصدیق کردن -موجه بودن

ineptitude

Ineptitude is a lack of skill, ability, or competence. A doctor would prove his ineptitude at practicing medicine if he mistakenly removed a patient's spleen instead of his kidney. Ineptitude and incompetence are synonyms to describe people who have absolutely no idea what they're doing. It's definitely not a quality you'd want in a pilot, who might prove his ineptitude by sending a plane full of passengers hurtling to the ground. Ineptitude also isn't a good quality to have in fields like medicine, where even one careless mistake could be life-threatening. 1.(n)unskillfulness resulting from a lack of training Synonyms: awkwardness, clumsiness, ineptness, maladroitness, slowness Obama found Palin's ineptitude "troubling on a deeper level . . . her incoherence didn't matter to the vast majority of Republicans," who saw questioning her knowledge of issues "as proof of a liberal conspiracy." Obama found Palin's ineptitude "troubling on a deeper level ... her incoherence didn't matter to the vast majority of Republicans," who saw questioning her knowledge of issues "as proof of a liberal conspiracy." his ineptitude became apparent in a short time . بی عرضگی - بی لیاقتی - ناکارایی

intrepid

Intrepid is just a fancy word for describing a person or action that is bold and brave. Super heroes are intrepid in their struggle for truth, justice and the American way. Some synonyms are fearless, courageous, dauntless, or valiant, but the word intrepid suggests a lack of fear in dealing with something new or unknown. This adjective comes from Latin intrepidus, formed from the prefix in- "not" plus trepidus "alarmed." 1.(adj)invulnerable to fear or intimidation "intrepid pioneers" Synonyms: audacious, brave, dauntless, fearless, hardy, unfearing Sure enough, the fierce birds were whirling in close to the intrepid Jess. He obviously admires Fisk as an intrepid, power-challenging figure of principle, emphasizing the journalist's unassuming doggedness and clear-eyed views about covering the Middle East's woes and handling the seismic shifts in his own profession. شجاع -بی باک - با جرات -دلیر

sarcasm

Irony employed in the service of mocking or attacking someone is sarcasm. Saying "Oh, you're soooo clever!" with sarcasm means the target is really just a dunderhead. Sarcasm is sometimes used as merely a synonym of irony, but the word has a more specific sense: irony that's meant to mock or convey contempt. This meaning is found in its etymology. In Greek, sarkazein meant "to tear flesh; to wound." When you use sarcasm, you really tear into them. A clever person coined the variant spelling sarchasm (a blend of sarcasm and chasm) and defined it as "the gap between the author of sarcastic wit and the person who doesn't get it." 1.(n)witty language used to convey insults or scorn "he used sarcasm to upset his opponent" Synonyms: caustic remark, irony, satire The hypocrisy of it all is getting too much for Mank to handle with his usual sarcasm. That last part of that comment was said with dripping sarcasm. طعنه - ریشخند - لطیفه

recession

Jobs being cut? Houses not selling? Everyone talking about the poor sales of everything from cars to bouquets of flowers? That's a recession, a time of economic decline. Recession comes from the Latin word recessus, meaning "a going back, retreat." Think of all the things that get made and sold in a country. When fewer people buy things, orders for them slow down. The sales "go back" to a lower amount. This is an economic recession. This noun can also describe other kinds of "going back," like the recession of floodwaters that enable people to begin cleaning up their homes that had been filled with water. 1.(n)the act of ceding back Synonyms: ceding back 2.(n)the state of the economy declines; a widespread decline in the GDP and employment and trade lasting from six months to a year 3.(n)a small concavity Synonyms: corner, niche, recess In June, economists confirmed that the U.S. is currently in a recession. Unlike previous recessions, which almost uniformly flattened the economy, Randall said this time around certain industries - such as real estate - are بحران اقتصادی - کسادی- بازگشت - پس رفنت

supplant

Kate was out sick for a month with mono, and when she came back to school, Jessie had supplanted her as the funny girl at the lunch table. Supplant means to take the place of(جایگاه را بیاور). Being supplanted is something that often happens to ideas or ways of thinking. Encouraging children's freedom has supplanted old ideas about children being better seen than heard. After a shocking upset at Wimbledon, a new tennis player has supplanted the reigning champion. 1.(v)take the place or move into the position of "the computer has supplanted the slide rule" Synonyms: replace, supercede, supersede, supervene upon replace substitute a person or thing for (another that is broken or inefficient or lost or no longer working or yielding what is expected) He's pushed for localizing the production of defense equipment, transforming the economy to be less dependent on oil exports and overseen efforts to supplant a religiously conservative Saudi identity with one rooted in hyper-nationalism. The party says jobs are at risk as young foreigners supplant older Swiss, housing gets scarcer and dearer, schools and transport become overcrowded and construction swallows up the landscape. از ریشه در اوردن- جای چیزی را گرفتن - جابجا کردن

laxity

Laxity is a tendency of being too easy-going, or not strict enough. If your teacher doesn't punish her math class for climbing out the classroom windows, she may be accused of laxity. A government's laxity with regulations can result in big companies taking advantage of the situation. Likewise, a babysitter's laxity with his young charges can result in mayhem, or at the very least an extremely late bedtime. A physical kind of laxity is a literal looseness, especially of muscles and ligaments: "If you over-stretch before your run, your muscles' laxity can harm your joints." The Latin root is laxus, "loose." 1.(n)the quality of being lax and neglectful Synonyms: laxness, remissness, slackness In 1940, a city investigation found it was plagued by "illegality, inefficiency, laxity and waste." Servais wants them to remain vigilant after reports that the laxity displayed by Marlins players and staff led to their 17-person outbreak. شلی -سستی -

ambiguous

Look to the adjective ambiguous when you need to describe something that's open to more than one interpretation, like the headline "Squad helps dog bite victim." Newspaper headlines can be unintentionally funny when they're ambiguous. In "Squad helps dog bite victim," is the squad helping a victim of a dog bite or helping a dog bite a victim? The ambi- prefix means "both ways," while the guous part is from the Latin verb agere, "to lead or drive." Thus an ambiguous sentence or situation drives us in two different directions at once. The accent is on the second syllable, "big," which you can remember since something that's ambiguous can lead to big misunderstandings. 1.(adj)having more than one possible meaning "ambiguous words" "frustrated by ambiguous instructions, the parents were unable to assemble the toy" Synonyms:double-barreled, double-barrelled The identity of the officer remained classified, and the circumstances of the killing were ambiguous. Simone de Beauvoir: The Making of an Intellectual Woman by Toril Moi "To say that existence is ambiguous is to assert that its meaning is never fixed, that it must be constantly won." مبهم - دو پهلو - تاریک

windfall

Lucky you! You just won the lottery and your windfall will make life very comfortable for you and your family. A windfall is a crazy bit of unexpected good fortune. First used in the fifteenth century, the word windfall originally referred to fruit that the wind blew from the trees. Like a prize was there for whomever found it — no need for the ladder and effort of picking it from the tall trees. The word eventually came to mean any unexpected and easily-gained good fortune, typically one involving money, such as the windfall profit from a lucky stock purchase. 1.(n)a sudden happening that brings good fortune (as a sudden opportunity to make money) Synonyms: bonanza, boom, bunce, godsend, gold rush, gravy, manna from heaven 2.(n)fruit that has fallen from the tree One bright spot was a $2 million windfall in back sales taxes from the state, part of a statewide adjustment in sales taxes after an audit found the state wasn't sending enough money to cities. While the rally is hurting builders and buyers of new houses who already suffered from surging lumber prices earlier this year, it's bringing windfalls to manufacturers such as Norbord and Weyerhaeuser Co. ثروت باد اورده - میوه افتاده

magnanimity

Magnanimous behavior is noble, generous, or unselfish, and to exhibit magnanimity is to be this way. He showed great magnanimity in not pressing charges when I drove his car into the pond. "Accidents happen my friend," he said, and patted me on the back. In Latin, magnus means "great": a magnate is a great man; a magnum is a great big bottle of champagne. Magnanimity is the generous greatness of spirit. When you are being the bigger person, you are behaving with magnanimity. "The supermodel grabbed the magnum of champagne, lifted it to her mouth and drained the bottle. With great magnanimity, her host smiled and offered her another." 1.(n)liberality in bestowing gifts; extremely liberal and generous of spirit Synonyms : largess, largesse, munificence, openhandedness Type of: liberality, liberalness the trait of being generous in behavior and temperament Douglass's magnanimity through these 20 searing minutes of American history is as astonishing and surpassing as Anderson's poise and grace some 60 years later. بزرگواری بلند همتی بزرگی طبع

mankind

Mankind is every single human being — all of us. The discovery of cures for diseases benefits all of mankind, while global warming is not so kind to mankind. The entire human species can be referred to in one simple word with mankind. Pollution is something that harms mankind across the globe, and disasters like war and famine have affected mankind all through our history. If you think your dad's brownies are the very best in the entire world, you could exaggerate a little and say, "They're the most delicious thing known to mankind." In its Old English origin, man is gender-neutral, meaning simply "person." 1.(n)all of the living human inhabitants of the earth Synonyms: human beings, human race, humanity, humankind, humans, man, world Q: To borrow the title from your Netflix show, how exactly do we save the world, and what is the greatest threat to mankind? Wright argues that the Gothic offers "unambiguous representations of good and evil" and expresses the "spiritual dissatisfaction with contemporary life ... and a slightly perverse nostalgia for a time when mankind knew less and dreamed more." بشر - بشریت -

mercurial

Mercurial describes someone whose mood or behavior is changeable and unpredictable, or someone who is clever, lively, and quick. With a mercurial teacher, you never know where you stand. Mercury was the ancient Roman god of commerce and messenger of the gods, and the planet Mercury was named after the Roman god. In Middle English, this adjective meant "relating to the planet or god Mercury" and derives from Latin mercuriālis, from Mercurius "Mercury." A mercurial personality has the unpredictability associated with the god Mercury or, in astrology, is supposedly influenced by the planet. 1.(adj) liable to sudden unpredictable change "mercurial twists of temperament" Synonyms: erratic, fickle, quicksilver 2.(adj) relating to or containing or caused by mercury "mercurial preparations" "mercurial sore mouth" Consider what the sport is attempting to do: Be the first major American league to complete a full-length season through the mercurial winds of this pandemic, start to finish, without a dramatic disruption. Cox is odds-on with bookmakers' to win best actor in a drama for his portrayal of the mercurial billionaire media tycoon Logan Roy, in Succession. چالاک-تند -سریع-متغیر

merely

Merely means "only." If you say "I was merely trying to help," your efforts were probably not appreciated and you're likely to be stalking off with your nose in the air. Merely comes from the Latin merus, ("undiluted"). But "undiluted" is positive — as in, "that's the undiluted truth" — in a way that merely is not. When you use merely, it always has a negative, disapproving tinge to it: You might say, "She was merely a minor player in that drama," but if you said, "She was merely the star of the show," you would mean it ironically, since being the star is the most important role. 1.(adv)and nothing more "I was merely asking" Synonyms: but, just, only, simply To call "What a Carve Up!" a play, with or without chicken curry, well, that's merely a term of convenience. This amendment merely reinforces the state's on-the-books readiness for a possible future in which states are permitted to ban abortion outright. تنها- فقط - محضا

merit

Merit means "worthiness or excellence." If you receive a certificate of merit in school, you are being recognized for doing a good job. As a verb, merit means "deserve." Your certificate might merit a prominent place on your bulletin board! You will often hear the phrases merit-based promotion and merit-based pay, which come up when employees are pushing against a system in which time on the job--and not job performance--determines when workers are promoted and how much they are paid. Using the word merit suggests impartiality and objectivity--such as when you swear off a prejudiced approach to something and vow to "judge it on its merits." 1.(n)the quality of being deserving (e.g., deserving assistance) Synonyms: deservingness, meritoriousness U.S. officials say Trump's policies are designed to confront surges of Central Americans seeking asylum and reduce claims that lack merit. No law or rule compels it to grapple with the merits of every emergency application that lands at its doorstep. شایستگی - لیاقت - خدمت -سزاواری

methodical

Methodical means following a method. If you follow the same sixteen steps in the same order when you make a fire, you could be said to take a methodical approach to this activity. The idea of moving slowly and orderly through a process can at times be dismissed as bureaucratic or obsessive, but when you use the word methodical to describe it, chances are you think that it's good to follow a method. The only thing missing from a methodical approach is inspiration — dancers shouldn't be too methodical; engineers should. 1.(adj)characterized by method and orderliness "a methodical scholar" Synonyms:organized While U.S. fans are giddy about the prospects of this nucleus leading the program to world-class stature, it's a methodical process. Biden said his office was trying to be methodical in getting the money to where it would be most effective. علمی- شیوه دار - روش مند

momentous

Momentous describes an important event or moment in time. It is used for a time of great consequence or for a major accomplishment, and is almost always reserved for good things. When a moment is so great you know you'll never forget it, you have just experienced something momentous. It can be personal — perhaps the day you were named prom queen; or something historic — like the day Elizabeth was named Queen of England. Momentous and momentary share the root word moment but momentary describes just one fleeting moment in time. A momentary occurrence can certainly be momentous, but it's not always the case. 1.(adj)of very great significance "a momentous event" Synonyms: important, significant And Beyoncé knew she wanted to release a song on that momentous day - so she dropped "Black Parade," an anthemic jam where she proudly sings about her heritage, hometown and returning to her African roots. In a country grappling with a momentous election, pandemic and civil unrest, their voices gained little traction. مهم - خطیر- با اهمیت

Corporation

Most of us think of corporations as companies — Amazon is one, Kellogg another, Disney a third. In reality, a corporation has a very particular legal meaning: it's a company that registers with a state government such that it has the same rights and responsibilities as a person. Know the word corpse? It means a dead body, and comes from the Latin corpus, "body." One way to remember corporation is that it turns a company into a body — a body that is considered a person in many respects in the eyes of the law. Corporations must pay taxes and follow laws. Because it is a separate entity, when a corporation fails, its employees and managers are not responsible for its debts. 1.(n)a business firm whose articles of incorporation have been approved in some state Synonyms: corp 2.(n)slang for a paunch Synonyms: bay window, pot, potbelly, tummy Biden's tax plan proposes increases only on corporations and the wealthiest Americans. In addition to being the state's chief elections officer, the secretary of state also serves as chief corporations officer and supervisor of the state archives and state library شرکت - شرکت سهامی-بنگاه

naivety

Naivety refers to a lack of experience or sophistication. That taxi driver who charged your Aunt Fay $75 for the ride from the airport was taking advantage of her naivety — your aunt didn't know it should only cost $50. The noun naivety often refers to the kind of inexperience that allows you to be tricked, but it can also refer to a trusting innocent or a lack of sophistication. For example, if you think you can treat your boss's daughter like any other employee and just say whatever you want when you have lunch, you may be exhibiting naivety — she may tell your boss what you said. 1.(n)lack of sophistication or worldliness Synonyms: naiveness, naivete And I wondered watching it, was it naivety or was it ego that he ultimately went alone? He accompanied this announcement with a statement of such staggering bad faith that it seemed designed to mock the naivety of those who'd briefly warmed to him. ساده لوحی - سادگی - بی ریایی -ساده دلی-خام

narrow

Narrow means less wide or to make less wide. When you narrow down your choices, you decrease the number of choices. A road might be too narrow for a car. When used to describe something physical such as a street or hips, narrow simply means not wide. Similarly, with quantities it means not much like when you win your basketball game by a narrow margin. But if you use it to describe an attitude, it has the negative meaning of not wide or open enough. If you're narrow-minded, you don't see the big picture -- sometimes it means you think in narrow stereotypes. 1.(adj)(v)(n)not wide "a narrow bridge" "a narrow line across the page" Synonyms: narrow-minded, limited 2.(adj)characterized by painstaking care and detailed examination "a narrow scrutiny" Synonyms: minute , careful 3.(adj)lacking tolerance or flexibility or breadth of view "a brilliant but narrow-minded judge" "narrow opinions" "Curfews often condense people visiting businesses into a more narrow period of time, which often means more crowding and potential exposures," says Saskia Popescu, an infectious disease epidemiologist at George Mason University. With coronavirus again surging across California, officials are faced with a narrowing number of options to slow the spread. باریک - محدود - تنگ - کوته فکر -

nepotism

Nepotism is the practice of favoritism based on kinship, like when the coach chooses his own kid to be the quarterback even if his kid stinks at football. The word nepotism comes from the Italian word for nephew, nepote. Apparently back in the 17th century a lot of people tended to promote their nephews to powerful positions at the expense of other candidates. Nepotism has come to mean favoritism of any family member, so if you're the daughter of a powerful CEO, don't worry, you can still be the beneficiary of nepotism. However, people might not like you when you become the Vice President, unless you've really earned the title. 1.(n)favoritism shown to relatives or close friends by those in power (as by giving them jobs) The Pope fired Becciu on accusations of embezzlement and nepotism in September. A leaked internal review exposed allegations of "nepotism, retaliation, discrimination and other abuses of authority" at the organisation. خویش و قوم پرستی -پارتی

elegant

Nimble ballerinas and long-legged birds are elegant; dump trucks and walruses usually are not. Being graceful and refined are aspects of being elegant. That word first appears in English in the 15th century. It comes, via Old French, from the same Latin source that gave rise to the English word "elect, and it does seem that especially elegant people and things are in a select group. Very stylishly dressed men and women are elegant, and fine restaurants with distinctive delicacies are elegant. Most ordinary places and people can become elegant, though, when dressed up or adorned for special occasions. Even walruses can appear elegant when they're swimming. 1.(adj)refined and tasteful in appearance or behavior or style "elegant handwriting" "an elegant dark suit" "she was elegant to her fingertips" "small churches with elegant white spires" "an elegant mathematical solution--simple and precise and lucid" Synonyms: dignified And though the elegant box of food is intended for one, that depends; I found it to be enough for two of us, but then I usually prepare only three ounces of pasta each. The title novella manages to combine George Orwell's bureaucratic chill from "1984" with Toni Morrison's elegant judgments from "Beloved." زیبا -ظریف - برازنده -

cursory

No reason to get excited — cursory has nothing to do with bad language. Instead, it means not paying attention to details, like friends who are so busy studying for a test that they only give your new haircut a cursory glance. Cursory dates to the early 17th century, from the French word cursoire meaning "rapid," which comes from the Latin word cursorius, meaning "hasty, of a race or running." Something that is cursory is done quickly. A teacher might take a cursory look at a pile of completed tests, not to grade them, but to see if anyone attempted the bonus questions. 1.(adj)hasty and without attention to detail; not thorough Synonyms:casual, passing, perfunctory The Biden campaign, by contrast, made only cursory and tardy efforts in South Texas and failed in its efforts to reach voters in South Florida. The winner of the Green Jacket will not care, but the winning putt will probably be met with little more than a cursory nod on Washington Road and Broad Street. با سرعت - بی دقتی - با سرعت و بی دقتی - سر سری

notoriety

Notoriety is fame you get from doing something bad or being part of a misfortune or scandal. Just remember: Notoriety's not al-righty. Charles Manson earned notoriety for his grisly crimes. In our celebrity culture, it's hard not to think that seizing your 15 minutes of fame is worth the shame of earning it through stupidity, scandal, or evil. (See: people's motives for going on reality television.) We ordinary mortals can comfort ourselves with the knowledge that most people who become notorious fade from the public mind quickly. 1.(n)the state of being known for some unfavorable act or quality Synonyms: ill fame The notoriety he's gained from his lengthening hair is actually Korth's second brush with fame this year. Trump was already a TV star before his presidency, as NBC transformed the real estate mogul into the host of the competition reality show "The Apprentice," elevating his notoriety exponentially from 2004 to 2015. بدنامی - رسوایی - انگشت نمایی

notwithstanding

Notwithstanding means "in spite of something." Your boasts about having memorized the entire textbook and bribing the teacher with apples notwithstanding, you still managed to fail the final exam with flying colors. You don't have to look too closely at the word to be able to break it into three parts: not- + withstand (to successfully oppose or resist) + the participial ending -ing. In the most literal sense, notwithstanding actually means to successfully oppose or resist. Top-of-the-line wet-traction tires notwithstanding, the car still got stuck in the mud. Notwithstanding works just as well in a more figurative context. His reputation for charm and tact notwithstanding, he offended everyone in the room. 1.(adv)despite anything to the contrary (usually following a concession) Synonyms: all the same, even so, however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, withal, yet And yet Reynolds identifies Lincoln ultimately with the higher law, notwithstanding his early "condemnation." The performance footage, unsurprisingly, is a joy - notwithstanding the questionable artistic decision to colourise a significant portion of it. علیرغم - با وجد اینکه - مخالف -

extremist

Nowadays, we tend to associate the word extremist with "terrorist," and use the two words almost interchangeably to define someone who holds radical political or religious views. An extremist can hold views on any subject: if you believe all little brothers should be banned from their siblings' rooms, or that anyone who roots for a different baseball team should be quarantined, then you, my friend, are an extremist. What tends to unite all extremists is their willingness to act, often violently, to realize their beliefs. Little brothers, watch out. 1.(n)a person who holds extreme views A previously unknown Tunisian extremist group claimed responsibility for Thursday's attack. A spotlight of suspicion was trained on them again even before the latest acts of extremist violence, including two beheadings. تندرو -افراطی

official

Official is the real deal. If you want the latest news from Graceland, check the official Elvis Presley website. But you'll have to look elsewhere to find the unofficial, unapproved, and highly unlikely scoop on Elvis sightings. If something is official, it's authorized and approved by somebody. If Gatorade is the official drink of the Olympics, somebody with authority has signed some papers and a deal has been made. When you're playing soccer or other sports, the official is the person who makes the calls; he referees (or officiates) the game. 1.(adj)of or relating to an office "official privileges" Synonyms: authorised, authorized University officials did not respond to questions about whether they are investigating Christainsen's teaching or research activities or considering procedures to revoke his emeritus status. Walton is now back in Niger, according to the official, who said no ransom was paid. رسمی - عالی رتبه -اداری

curmudgeon

Old, cranky, and more than a little stubborn, a curmudgeon is the gruff, grey-haired neighbor who refuses to hand out candy at Halloween and shoos away holiday carolers with a "bah humbug!" As fickle and stubborn as the type of person it describes, curmudgeon comes to us without a history, its origins undisclosed. It was originally believed to have come from coeur mechant, the French phrase for "evil heart," but that theory has been long discarded. Don't worry though, you'll know a curmudgeon when you see one: He'll be ill-tempered and miserly, eager to shake his fist and spout disagreeable opinions. 1.(n)a crusty irascible cantankerous old person full of stubborn ideas James "the Amazing" Randi was a magician, an atheist, a showman, a skeptic, a mentor, a curmudgeon, a teacher, and a friend, and now he is dead. He is much more interesting as a political curmudgeon than as a venerated figure absorbing flowery testimonials. ادم بخیل - لعیم - ادم خسیس -ادم بد خلق

prosecutor

On a TV crime drama or in real life courts, the prosecutor is the person who brings criminal charges against a suspect. A prosecutor is a lawyer who works for a state or government organization and is responsible for starting legal proceedings and then proving in court that the suspect committed the crime he's accused of. The opposite of a prosecutor is a defense attorney. So on that TV crime drama, the prosecutor is the one trying to put the bad guy in jail, and the defense attorney is the one trying to prove that the guy really isn't a bad guy. 1.(n)a government official who conducts criminal prosecutions on behalf of the state Synonyms: prosecuting attorney, prosecuting officer, public prosecutor Federal prosecutors asked the court in nearby Magdeburg to convict Balliet of murder, attempted murder, incitement to hatred and attempted violent extortion. Army Special Forces, which he did, rising to the rank of Captain, prosecutors said. پیگرد - تعقیب کننده - مدعی -وکیل

irate

On the anger scale, first comes annoyed, then vexed, then irate. When cartoon characters are irate, they're so mad that smoke comes out of their ears. The first syllable of irate is ir for ire, related to the Greek word oistros which means "thing causing madness." An irate investor might sell all his or her stock in a company. Let's hope you thanked your aunt for the birthday check — otherwise you might get an irate phone call from her. When your mother is irate, you'd best get out of the way, and get busy cleaning your room. 1.(adj)feeling or showing extreme anger "irate protesters" Synonyms:ireful "Deep down, I want to be a Cambodian police woman," he joked in response to one irate user. One irate businessman labelled the executive "numbskulls" for appearing to be unable to manage their approach properly. خشمگین - خشمناک

opportunist

Opportunists are people who see a chance to gain some advantage from a situation, often at the expense of ethics or morals. An opportunist seizes every opportunity to improve things for himself. Say you won millions in the lottery. People would come out of the woodwork hoping to get their hands on some of it. These people act as if they are close friends. But they are not; they are opportunists. Famous opportunists include "carpetbaggers," Northern opportunists who, after the American Civil War, poured into the South to turn Reconstruction into personal financial gains. 1.(n)a person who places expediency above principle Synonyms: self-seeker Serbs, Bosnians, Croats and Albanians, incited by political opportunists and demagogues, fought wars against one another for a decade, drawing in the international community, until sovereign states emerged with new, widely accepted borders. If you wanted a word for Trump, I think it would be opportunist. فرصت ظلب - سازش کار

orthodox

Orthodox practices or beliefs are generally accepted as true or correct. If you are an orthodox vegetarian, you never, ever eat meat — not like those people who have fish once in a while. When capitalized, Orthodox is the name of the Eastern Church, originally distinguished by its doctrinal differences from the other divisions of the Christian Church. Orthodox is also the name of the branch of Judaism that strictly follows traditional beliefs and customs, derived from orthodox in the earlier meaning of "strictly observant." 1.(adj)adhering to what is commonly accepted "an orthodox view of the world" Synonyms: mainstream They argued that, nations were submerged by immigrants and, that by adopting 1930s-style orthodox fiscal economics and deregulation, the economies would do much better. She suggested that an "orthodox Catholic" who adhered to the church's teaching against capital punishment should recuse from signing an execution order. درست - هماهنگ با اصول معمول پیروی کلیسای مسحی ضد تغییر

ostensibly

Ostensibly is an adverb you use to talk about something that looks one way, but underneath there's the hint of a different motivation for that action. One day you go to an ice cream shop. Then the next day. And the next. You keep going, ostensibly to buy ice cream, but there's a deeper reason. The cute person who works there, perhaps? To ostensibly do something admits that the surface reason might not be the only reason. The Latin root words translate as "to stretch in view of," so imagine that you're stretching a thin mask over your true intentions. 1.(adv)from appearances alone ""had been ostensibly frank as to his purpose while really concealing it"-Thomas Hardy" Synonyms: apparently, on the face of it, seemingly "This was a Black man who ostensibly looked like me with his own series," Mr. Ridley said during a recent interview. Some accepted reconciliation deals, with many joining the Syrian army's Russian-sponsored Fifth Corps, created ostensibly to fight the Islamic State. به طور نمایان - به ظاهر

overbearing

Overbearing means domineering. You might find it difficult to play the piano as your overbearing instructor criticizes every key you touch. The adjective overbearing typically describes a person who is haughty and dictatorial. Someone considered to be overbearing or arrogant wouldn't be described as kind or modest, which are antonyms of overbearing. Overbearing also means "repressing or overwhelming." Thomas Jefferson uses this definition in his decree, "If the freedom of religion, guaranteed to us by law in theory, can ever rise in practice under the overbearing inquisition of public opinion, then and only then will truth, prevail over fanaticism." 1.(adj)having or showing arrogant superiority to and disdain of those one views as unworthy Synonyms: disdainful, haughty, imperious, lordly, prideful, sniffy, supercilious, swaggering "I do what I do because I think it's important to draw attention to the overbearing and draconian ways of the Singapore government," Wham said. I'm curious as to how you walk the line between something that's gaudy or overbearing and something— از خود راضی - مغرور

pauper

Pauper is an old-fashioned word for someone who is poor — really poor, like the paupers described by Charles Dickens or Mark Twain. The noun pauper has been around for over 500 years, but today, the word tends to mostly crop up in literature. If people use it in conversation, they tend to use the word self-deprecatingly. "I'm sorry, I can't afford to go with you to the movies. I'm living like a pauper this week, until I get paid." 1.(n)a person who is very poor It's tempting to see in this latest development proof of the virus's indifference: a foe so powerful it attacks presidents and paupers alike. The Kardashians, who admittedly were never paupers, made their billions by making themselves over entirely, and then selling themselves wholly, and there's nothing more American than that. گدا- بی نوا -

coincidence

People love to talk about strange coincidences--like you and your mother having the same birthday, or two unrelated families named "The Martins" living next door to each other. A coincidence is something that's not planned or arranged but seems like it is. Technically, a coincidence is an occurrence of events that happen at the same time by total accident--like you and a kid from your class at school both visit the Grand Canyon on the same day. Weird. If some guy is stalking you, always running into you wherever you go, this is not a coincidence. That guy has memorized your schedule. 1.(n)the temporal property of two things happening at the same time "the interval determining the coincidence gate is adjustable" Synonyms:co-occurrence, concurrence, conjunction 2.(n)an event that might have been arranged although it was really accidental What was needed was fast, transparent and science-based communication to dispel misinformation and conspiracy theories and to show that these deaths were likely just coincidences." Miles considers the superintendents' resignations as coincidence and said he is more concerned about turnover in the spring. انطباق - همانند سازی - تصادف اتفاق بیوفتد که شبیه هم هستند دو تا خصوصیت یا هر چیزی

hindsight

People who are able to look back on the past and understand what happened have hindsight. If you go skating on a frozen lake and it cracks, in hindsight you'd know you should've paid attention to the giant "danger" sign. Hindsight is like looking behind you to see what just happened (behind sight, get it?). Another way of describing retrospection, hindsight is a useful skill that can be cultivated. Hindsight often refers to a lesson learned from something going wrong. Billy Wilder, the American movie director, once commented wistfully, "Hindsight is always twenty-twenty." It's much easier to see clearly after something happened than before. 1.(n)understanding the nature of an event after it has happened "hindsight is always better than foresight" In hindsight, there were clues everywhere — the nearly empty hotel Biffle and his team were at in Miami, the half-full flight back to Denver. "In hindsight, it was the most brilliant decision by the Founding Fathers," Fadem said of the flexibility. ادراک -علم به گذشته

perspicacious

Perspicacious is an adjective that means "shrewd" and "wise." A perspicacious child can't be fooled when her parents try to keep a secret by talking in Pig Latin. The adjective perspicacious is a long word for a short definition: "keen" or "shrewd." This word is descended from the Latin word perspicere, which means "to look closely." In other words, if you look closely at something you are paying attention to it and know it well. A definition of perspicacious that is out of date but still relevant is "having keen eyesight" and people who can see clearly are also aware and attentive! 1.(adj)mentally acute or penetratingly discerning "much too perspicacious to be taken in by so spurious an argument" Synonyms: clear-eyed, clear-sighted From the cat-and-mouse present-day discussions that alternate chapters with the original short stories, we discover that Julia is an unusually perspicacious detective as well as a sharp-eyed editor. FDR prepared for America's entry into World War II even while publicly insisting that he wouldn't, a decision Alterman deems "awfully perspicacious." بابصیرت -تیزهوش- زیرک -بینا

pointed

Pointed things have a sharp end, like a cat's pointed teeth or the pointed tip of your #2 pencil . A pointed comment, on the other hand, is deliberately direct. You might buy stylish shoes with pointed toes or wear fake, pointed fingernails as part of your Halloween costume, but the second definition of pointed is even more common. A pointed remark gets right to the heart of the matter, and might even hurt someone's feelings. If your mom gives you a pointed look, you probably know exactly what she's thinking about. 1.(adj)having a point Synonyms: sharp Others pointed to pledges on their websites about commitments to sustainability and human rights or to efforts to list their processing mills in the name of transparency. In his famous jeremiad against hackneyed political rhetoric, George Orwell pointed to a pernicious cycle. انتقادی - کنایه دار - نیش دار

hyperbole

Praising your favorite sports team is one thing, but if you call the team the most incredible group of humans ever to walk the earth, then you're going overboard and indulging in hyperbole. The hyper- in hyperbole means "beyond," so it's a good sign that the word has to do with going above and beyond what's necessary. Someone who gets hyperactive about something and ends up hyperventilating (breathing too hard) might be prone to the exaggerated style of speaking known as hyperbole. If you find yourself talking about the absolutely best (or worst) thing of all time, it's time to take it down a notch and cut down on the hyperbole. 1.(n)extravagant exaggeration Synonyms: exaggeration While it's hyperbole, it's hyperbole that speaks to a need. The title stuck and eventually became more than mere harmless hyperbole. اغراق- مبالغه

preternatural

Preternatural describes something that seems oddly abnormal and out of sync with everything else. If you hear a preternatural dog's barking, maybe it sounds like a police siren instead of a howl. Note that preternatural contains the word natural. Preter comes from the Latin word praeter which means "beyond"; so something preternatural is beyond nature. It is less commonly used than unnatural or supernatural but means the same thing. If you lift a truck off the ground and hold it above your head, people will marvel at you and say you have preternatural strength. 1.(adj)existing outside of or not in accordance with nature Synonyms: nonnatural, otherworldly, transcendental supernatural This month, Fantano posted a video on Twitter that seemed to prove his point, showing a child reviewing a new album by the rapper 6ix9ine with a preternatural bluster obviously modeled on his own. She said it with a tone much like her mother's: not accusatory, but with a serenity that was almost preternatural. خارق العاده - مافوق طبیعی -غیر طبیعی

prevail

Prevail means to successfully persuade someone of something. If you were a Presidential advisor and you convinced him to make a National Day of Pet Appreciation, then you prevailed upon him to recognize pets. Prevail can be used for different kinds of success. If you prevail upon someone, you have influence on them. If you prevail over someone, you win. Say you're a big fan of a losing team. You might cheer, "Despite all odds, we will prevail!" To use prevail, there has to be some kind of contest or conflict. That could be internal, like when you have a pile of homework to do, but your desire to play video games prevails over your discipline. 1.(v)be larger in number, quantity, power, status or importance Synonyms: dominate, predominate, reign, rule Ellis, a senior legal adviser for the Trump campaign, expressed confidence that the legal challenges will prevail in enough states to reverse the outcome of the election. These are some of the incoming Republican congresswomen who prevailed in the hardest-fought races: when Mangols prevailed over us چیره شدن- شایع شدن - موفق شدن -

prevarication

Prevarication is when someone tells a lie, especially in a sneaky way. A child might use prevarication to avoid telling the whole truth about how the kitchen window got broken. While the noun prevarication is mostly just a fancy way to say "lie," it can also mean skirting around the truth, being vague about the truth, or even delaying giving someone an answer, especially to avoid telling them the whole truth. In the 16th century, the word was used to mean "going astray," or "stepping out of line." It comes from the Latin root word praevaricari, which literally translates as "walk crookedly." 1.(n)the deliberate act of deviating from the truth Synonyms: fabrication, lying The ministry said the arrested individuals were being investigated for alleged embezzlement, prevarication and money laundering. But as with many of Mr. Trump's prevarications, there was a nugget of truth to his assertions Thursday night. تفره رفتن - دروغگویی - حرف دو پهلو

pugnacious

Pugnacious means ready for a fight. If you're pugnacious, you might find it hard to make friends. On the other hand, you might be a very successful professional boxer one day. Your brother is a pugnacious thug — always ready to use his fists to settle arguments, and he has the strength to do so. That's the literal sense of pugnacious. You can use pugnacious figuratively, too. When two candidates face off in a debate during a close election, one or the other might be pugnacious. He looks to pick a fight with his opponent and is willing to say almost anything, no matter how outrageous, to make his opponent look bad. 1.(adj)ready and able to resort to force or violence "" pugnacious spirits...lamented that there was so little prospect of an exhilarating disturbance"- Herman Melville" Synonyms:rough,aggressive Wow, Mike Leach's approach to football really will work in the pugnacious SEC. "It's quite a good rule of thumb to steer clear of the businesses that are pugnacious." دعوایی- جنگجو -ستیز گر

withdrawn

Quiet loners are withdrawn — that's a word for people who keep to themselves to such an extent that it seems a little unhealthy. We can all be withdrawn sometimes, especially when we're sad or depressed about something. Some people get withdrawn when they're angry. A withdrawn person can be hard to find, and even if they're around, hard to talk to — withdrawn people don't like to talk, or they try to talk as little as possible. A person who is withdrawn from the rest of the world for a long period of time is a recluse — an extremely solitary, withdrawn person. 1.(adj)tending to reserve or introspection Synonyms: indrawn, reserved The Trump campaign launched lawsuit challenges of the ballot count in several battleground states, but all of the cases were either withdrawn or dismissed. With a debit card, there is not much of a delay from the time of your purchase until the funds are withdrawn from your bank account. عقب کشیدن - کنار کشیدن - صرف نظر کردن

rampant

Rampant means wild or out of control. Unruly children might run rampant at the supermarket, knocking cereal boxes off shelves and thoroughly annoying the customers. If you're running rampant, you're on a rampage. Both come from the French word ramper meaning "to climb, creep" like an animal on hind legs, paws in climbing-mode, or like wild plants such as the kudzu that ran rampant over an old barn until the entire thing was covered. There can also be rampant wildfires that destroy houses in the Southwest, or robots that run rampant in the lab after the janitor accidentally sets them free. 1.(adj)unrestrained and violent "rampant aggression" Synonyms: uncontrolled 2.(adj)(of a plant) having a lush and unchecked growth "a rampant growth of weeds" Synonyms: abundant Warnings about violence similar to Portland were rampant online, and Lodi 911 dispatchers were inundated for days about alleged caches of rocks hidden by protesters who planned vandalism. The problem will be opening the borders to regions where the virus is rampant. غیر قابل کنترل - پخش شده - حکم فرما وحشی

ostentatious

Reach for the adjective ostentatious when you want a flashy way to say — well, "flashy" or "showy." No one wants to be described as ostentatious, a word whose cousins include pretentious, flamboyant, and gaudy. It originates from the Latin word ostentare, "to display," but in English it's often used for displays of the crass or vulgar sort. A rapper's diamond-encrusted teeth might be an ostentatious display of "bling," and someone wailing especially loudly at a funeral of a distant acquaintance might be making an ostentatious show of sorrow. 1.(adj)intended to attract notice and impress others "an ostentatious sable coat" Synonyms: pretentious No injuries — or ostentatious displays of rifles and pistols — were reported, but the demonstrations underscore the unusual nature of this national election and the ends-justify-the-means tactics President Trump and his supporters often embrace. A 2004 banning Muslim headscarves and other ostentatious religious symbols in schools remains divisive, if not shocking to many outside France. خود نما - متظاهر - خود فروش

reconcile

Reach for the verb reconcile to make different things come together or resolve a matter. If you've ever had an argument with someone and then made up, you have reconciled. Reconcile is a verb that can mean "to become resigned" like if you're reconciled to getting the bottom bunk when you wanted the top. It also means to "bring into agreement and harmony." Words like it are pacify, harmonize, and accommodate — reconcile is definitely an agreeable word! 1.(v)come to terms Synonyms: conciliate, make up, patch up, settle He made headlines for both victories and vices, creating a tangled portrait that many soccer fans found difficult to reconcile. The music video director Grant Singer's Netflix feature captures the pop sensation at a complicated time full of teen-idol dualities, as he reconciles his explosive music career with his not-so-private life. وفق دادن - تطبیق کردن - صلح دادن - اشتی دادن - راضی ساختن

reception

Reception is the act of receiving, or getting something, or the way it is received. If your book receives a positive reception, it means people receive it well. In other words, they like it. A reception can also be a party, such as a wedding reception. A reception area is an office waiting room where visitors are greeted and the receptionist sits. Reception can also refer to the quality of a broadcast signal, as received by a TV or radio. Good reception means a clear, strong signal, and poor reception means you might want to shake or kick the TV screen. A reception is also the act of catching the ball in American football. 1.(n)the act of receiving 2.(n)the manner in which something is greeted "she did not expect the cold reception she received from her superiors" Synonyms:response 3.(n)quality or fidelity of a received broadcast On Monday, DeWine announced new restrictions on private gatherings that include the prohibition of dancing at wedding receptions and other events. Gatherings where the restrictions apply include wedding receptions, family gatherings, conventions and other nonessential gatherings but do not apply to gatherings that occur during the "ordinary course of business or government." پذیرش - پدیرایی - دریافت - مهمانی - برخورد - قبول استقبال

contempt

Reserve the noun contempt for an extreme lack of respect: a food snob has nothing but contempt for mass-produced burgers and fries at a fast-food joint. Contempt has nothing to do with the verb condemn, despite the similarity in sound and meaning; it is from Latin temnere "to despise," and if you despise someone, you have contempt for them. It's a harsh term and should be used with care; it's stronger than either disdain or scorn. It suggests you find someone or something utterly worthless. That food snob might say the words "Big Mac" or "Whopper" with a voice dripping in contempt. 1.(n)lack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike "he was held in contempt" Synonyms: despite, disdain, scorn "We denounce this continued contempt for migrants and this island by the Ministry of the Interior," the island's president Antonio Morales wrote on Twitter. His delicious contempt for being directed and the withering eloquence with which he expressed it to the directors both delighted and horrified me." تحقیر - اهانت

reticent

Reticent means either quiet or restrained. If you're reticent about your feelings, you like to keep them to yourself, and you're probably quiet in rowdy groups where everyone is talking over each other. The original meaning of reticent describes someone who doesn't like to talk. Be careful in your context, however. Reticent can refer to someone who is restrained and formal, but it can also refer to someone who doesn't want to draw attention to herself or who prefers seclusion to other people. Don't confuse reticent with reluctant, which means unwilling. 1.(adj)reluctant to draw attention to yourself Synonyms:retiring, self-effacing He later made his normally reticent cabinet members available for interviews, and even demanded that the army chief of staff — who is never accessible to the media — agree to be interviewed. Voters in California were similarly reticent in the face of the news, and hesitant about what it meant for the election. ساکت - محتاط در سخن - کم گو

rhetoric

Rhetoric is speaking or writing that's intended to persuade. If your goal is to write editorial columns for the New York Times, you should work on your rhetoric. Rhetoric comes from the Greek meaning "speaker" and is used for the art of persuasive speaking or writing. When people listened eagerly to long speeches and studied them in school, rhetoric was generally used positively; now it is often a negative term, implying artfulness over real content. If someone gives a clever speech but doesn't really address the problem, you might say, "That's just a lot of rhetoric." 1.(n)study of the technique and rules for using language effectively (especially in public speaking) "We act by thinking about what reforms we need, what steps to democratization will benefit our people and move on that path, not by thinking what act or rhetoric would please them," he said. But far more prevalent were signs that read, "Colstrip United", the name of a pro-coal group of residents founded to push back on environmentalist rhetoric about the town. لفظی - فصاحت و بلاغت - سخن

scrutiny

Scrutiny is when you look at something really closely, like when you are checking a test for mistakes. Scrutiny can also be an intense look, like when your mother looks at you — trying to tell if you might be lying. Scrutiny comes from the Latin scrutari, which means "to search," but which originally meant, "to sort trash." When you turn in a draft of your essay, you are subjecting it to your teacher's scrutiny — and there's a good chance that she'll find some sentences that can be "trashed" as well as sections that could be improved. 1.(n)the act of examining something closely (as for mistakes) Synonyms:examination The timing of the message prompted additional scrutiny from investigators in both Washington and Atlanta. And even before the chaotic release of results, the company was under scrutiny for its handling of the testing process. بررسی - موشکافی - رسیدگی

secrecy

Secrecy is a word for a state or condition where things are concealed or hidden. CIA agents and conspirators know a lot about secrecy. Since a secret is something some people don't know, secrecy is all about keeping things private or concealed. Being a spy involves a lot of secrecy. When information is important or sensitive, people try to create secrecy. Also, you can say secrecy is a quality people have, like courage. Someone who doesn't gossip has a good sense of secrecy. When all lips are sealed, there's secrecy. 1.(n)the condition of being concealed or hidden Synonyms: concealment, privacy, privateness The Trump campaign, after narrowing the scope of the case, is focusing on a claim that voters were improperly allowed to fix ballots rejected because of technical errors like a missing "secrecy envelope." The bank requested that Smith waive the secrecy of his account and recommended he apply to a voluntary IRS program to disclose foreign money. محرمانه بودن - پنهان کاری کردن - رازداری - خفا -

lull

See lull, think "calm." It could be the noun form (like "the lull before the storm") or the verb: one can lull someone by calming them (as in lulling a baby to sleep with a lullaby). The noun lull is often used in relation to a storm, but the term has a broader meaning as well. Lull can be used to describe any temporary period of calm or diminished activity, like the quiet time before the lunch rush in a restaurant or the brief period of tranquility before the doors open for a pre-Christmas sale. The word's verb form means "to soothe or to make someone feel relaxed." When used as a verb lull can turn deceptive, and it is often used to convey a false sense of security. 1.(v)make calm or still Synonyms: calm, calm down, quiet, quieten, still, tranquilize, tranquillise, tranquillize Other entries include "College bowl games encourage competition," "Winter lull in global-warming hype," and "Christmas lights waste electricity," but the telling one is "Daycare centers are closed." It continued through the autumn - in typical years, the industry sees a lull after kids start school. ارامش - سکون - ارامی - ساکت شدن

juxtapose

See the word "pose" in juxtapose? When you juxtapose, you are "posing" or positioning things side by side. The verb juxtapose requires contrasting things placed next to one other: "The collage juxtaposed pictures of Jane while she was growing up and as an adult." Juxtapose is used often when referring to contrasting elements in the arts. "The music juxtaposed the instrumentation of jazz with the harmonies of soul." 1.(v)place side by side "The fauvists juxtaposed strong colors" One of the new films, it nods to the Age of Covid by separating the dancers into individually filmed boxes, then juxtaposing the boxes onscreen, which emphasizes the counterpoints and musical timings of the choreography. When researchers rotate the sheets by precisely 1.1°, the twist creates a large-scale "moiré" pattern—the atom-scale equivalent of the darker bands seen when two grids are juxtaposed. کنار هم گذاشتن - پیش هم گذاشتن

astute

Someone who is astute is clever and has good judgment. The kid running around with a bucket stuck on his head? Not so astute. Astute (from Latin) is a formal and flattering adjective for someone with a good head on their shoulders. It differs from its synonym shrewd in placing less emphasis on hardheadedness than on sensitivity: we talk about a shrewd bargainer but an astute interpretation. Other synonyms are perceptive (emphasizing insight) and discerning (emphasizing an ability to distinguish). 1.(adj)marked by practical hardheaded intelligence "an astute tenant always reads the small print in a lease" Synonyms: savvy, sharp, shrewd "But it wasn't like the activist radical, but a baseline of being politically astute." His layered Cubist and Surrealist abstractions no doubt appealed to two of America's most astute — and daring — collectors of Modern European art. هوشیار - دانا - دقیق-زیرک - زرنگ

steadfast

Someone who is firm and determined in a belief or a position can be called steadfast in that view, like your mom when she thinks you really shouldn't wear that outfit. The word steadfast traces back to the Old English word stedefæst, a combination of stede, meaning "place," and fæst, meaning "firmly fixed." Picture a steadfast person standing firmly in place, not wavering or budging an inch, and you'll have a good sense of what this word means. Someone can be steadfast in a belief, an effort, a plan, or even a refusal. Whatever it is, it means that the person will calmly hold firm to the chosen position and follow through with determination. 1.(adj)marked by firm determination or resolution; not shakable "steadfast resolve" Synonyms: firm, steady, stiff, unbendable, unfaltering, unshakable, unwavering Once again, Trump's supporters are mistaking his desperate, undignified, unspooled attempts at self-preservation for steadfast leadership and a fighting spirit. "ASD remains steadfast on getting its students back into schools and will continue its plans to do so when conditions allow," Bishop wrote. ثابت قدم - استوار - متین

ceaseless

Someone who is on a ceaseless quest for the world's tastiest French fry will never stop searching until they find it, in all its greasy glory. Ceaseless is an adjective that means "never-ending" or "uninterrupted." The verb cease means "to stop," so ceaseless refers to something that never stops. You might listen to the ceaseless sound of crashing waves at the beach, or you could say that the Internet is a ceaseless source of information. Ceaseless can also refer to things that only seem like they go on forever; it's often used in the phrase "seemingly ceaseless." During a blizzard you might complain about the ceaseless snow, even though the snow will eventually stop. 1.(adj)uninterrupted in time and indefinitely long continuing "the ceaseless thunder of surf" Synonyms: constant, incessant, never-ending, perpetual, unceasing, unremitting Anton's only really specific ideological appeal in "The Flight 93 Election," with its warnings about "the ceaseless importation of third-world foreigners with no tradition of, taste for or experience in liberty," was ethnocentrism. It's a look to ponder as the country finds itself churning once again over ceaseless questions of advancement and justice and the right to be left the hell alone. داعمی - پیوسته

indulgent

Someone who is self-indulgent gives themselves a lot of treats. Parents who are indulgent cave to every desire their child expresses. Indulgent means lenient, or overly generous. Indulgent is a word that, here in Puritanical North America, is hard to know how to take. Is it okay to "indulge yourself" as so many spa advertisements suggest? Or is indulgent always associated with excess? You can indulge fantasies of figuring out the answer, or you can give in to an indulgent shrug and move on to another word. 1.(adj)characterized by or given to yielding to the wishes of someone "indulgent grandparents" Synonyms: gluttonous But others saw the disease's sudden public manifestation as an emblem of our indulgent epoch. It felt indulgent and lazy to focus so intently on my food. زیاده رو - بخشنده - اسان گیر

bossy

Someone who's bossy has a tendency to order other people around. Your bossy friend might tell you what clothes you should wear on your date as well as which restaurant you ought to eat at. Bossy people enjoy telling you what to do. Your bossy roommate might instruct you to clean the kitchen immediately, and a bossy kid could happily spend an afternoon ordering his babysitter to push him on a swing. While the 16th century meaning was "swelling and rounded, decorated with buttons," by the late 1800s bossy meant "domineering," from the Dutch baas, or "master." It's also a popular name for a cow, from the Latin bos, "cow." 1.(adj)offensively self-assured or given to exercising usually unwarranted power "a bossy way of ordering others around" Synonyms: autocratic, dominating, high-and-mighty, magisterial, peremptory It isn't bossy or controlling or stifling her voice; it is developmentally appropriate. But Mitchell isn't exactly the bossy type and her leadership role with the group actually grew away from the court. متمایل به ریاست -برجسته -ارباب منشی

employed

Someone who's employed has a job or is busy with something. Some people believe that employed teenagers get themselves in less trouble than those without jobs. If you're working, you're employed. Most employed people work traditional full-time jobs, although an increasing number of them are freelancers or have part-time positions. Another way to use this adjective is to mean "used," as when you say, "The employed methods for keeping the classroom calm seem a little extreme to me." The adjective employed comes from the related verb, employ, "use, apply, occupy, or hire." 1.(adj)having your services engaged for; or having a job especially one that pays wages or a salary "most of our graduates are employed" Synonyms: busy Indeed, that brings with it little sense of security for the tens of thousands of Americans employed by the coal industry. Such doomsday rhetoric employed by Connerly and other opponents of affirmative action quickly made me change my mind on the matter as a youngster. مشغول

alluring

Something alluring is attractive and enticing. Alluring things are tempting. You might notice the word lure lurking in alluring — that's because alluring things lure people in by getting them excited and inspiring desire. Sometimes that's in a romantic way, like when someone puts on an alluring perfume before a date. But a homemade chocolate cake would also be pretty alluring to a chocolate lover, just as free World Series tickets would be alluring to a baseball fan. 1.(adj)highly attractive and able to arouse hope or desire "an alluring prospect" "her alluring smile" Synonyms: beguiling, enticing, tempting When this dish emerges from the oven, the first thing you notice is how gloriously cheesy it is, with an alluring, golden-brown crust of nutty, funky gruyere. Such arguments about fraud are clearly alluring for many Americans. an alluring beauty بطمع انداختن - جذاب - فریبنده -افسونگر -

anecdotal

Something anecdotal has to do with anecdotes — little stories. Anecdotal evidence is based on hearsay rather than hard facts. People like to share stories about things that happened to them, or that they heard about, to make a point. That kind of talk is anecdotal: based on small, personal accounts. Anecdotal stories are helpful when you're trying to give an example of something, but there's a downside to anecdotal information: since it's not based on facts, you never know if you can totally trust it. So it's best to go beyond the anecdotal and get more solid information. 1.(adj)having the character of an anecdote "anecdotal evidence" (adj)characterized by or given to telling anecdotes "anecdotal conversation" "an anecdotal history of jazz" The Directors Guild said that those numbers were anecdotal and not intended for public release. "At the end of the day, for most people, their lived anecdotal personal experience supersedes any broader health data." حرف و حدیث - شایعه

apt

Something apt is perfectly appropriate, clever and well-suited to the matter at hand. If your room is small and dark, "cave-like" would be an apt description. The wee cousin of aptitude, apt has the same root meaning of "strength and ideal appropriateness." An apt description or nickname is one that's just right. Apt can also be used in the form "to be apt to" meaning "to be likely to" do something. You're apt to use this word more now that you know precisely what it means! 1.(adj)being of striking appropriateness and pertinence "an apt reply" Synonyms: apposite, pertinent He described this as "a time that is very unusual," which seemed apt enough. You described him as like King Lear, and I think that's an apt analogy. مناسب - شایسته - مستعد

chaotic

Something chaotic is really out of control or disorganized. Chaotic starts with a hard "K" sound (kay-AH-tick), but things that are chaotic are usually not OK, they're crazy disordered, like your crammed locker at the end of the school year. Chaotic is an adjective that comes from the noun "chaos," meaning complete and total confusion or lack of order. Your teacher might find it chaotic inside the bus on the way home from a field trip, with so much talking and singing and stored up energy bouncing around. A classic example of something chaotic is the running of the bulls in Spain, an event that lets people run the streets with a bunch of huge, sharp-horned bulls. It's totally chaotic! 1.(adj)completely unordered and unpredictable and confusing Synonyms: disorderly In our own chaotic political moment, the literature of 1968 repays attention, for many of the forces then in evidence — surging white populism, racist politics and an ambient sense of doom — are in play anew. This time, the diffuse, chaotic spread is happening in many places at once. بی نظم - پر هرج و مرج

comical

Something comical is humorous, amusing, silly, or just plain funny; it makes people laugh. When you think comical, think laughter-causing. Stand-up comedians and comic strips intend to be comical. People like to share comical moments: for example, by posting videos of their pets doing comical things, like a dog going bananas in a water sprinkler. Just like the dog doesn't know it's being funny, people are unintentionally comical too. If a person absorbed in his cell phone conversation falls down a manhole, many will find it comical. 1.(adj)arousing or provoking laughter "a comical look of surprise" Synonyms :amusing, comic, funny, laughable, mirthful, risible The fact she needed to resort to a social media plea was "kind of comical," Barnes said. "We acted like El Güegüense," they said, an allusion to a comical national folk hero known for concealing his true intentions from powerful people through double entrendres and disguises. خنده دار - خنده اور -

forceful

Something forceful is strong and firm. A politician's forceful speech is self-assured and energetic, and it makes the audience sit up and take notice. One meaning of forceful is all about physical strength: "The forceful throw carried the football past the goalposts." Another way to be forceful is to be emphatic or vehement: "The child's forceful refusal to go to bed could not be ignored by the sleepy babysitter." Forceful literally means "full of force," and force comes from the Latin fortis, "strong, firm, or steadfast." 1.(adj)characterized by or full of force or strength (often but not necessarily physical) "a forceful speaker" "a forceful personality" "forceful measures" "a forceful plan for peace" Synonyms: bruising In an afternoon speech, Biden delivered a forceful defense of the Affordable Care Act, just hours after the Supreme Court heard arguments on its merits. Cox was also forceful in denouncing Trump's rhetoric on Wednesday, saying, "Just a little reminder that there is nothing nefarious about it taking a few days to count all legitimate votes." قوی - موثر - موکد

muted

Something muted has a softened tone or quieted sound. When you try to listen through the wall at what someone is saying, it's really muted and mumbly, even if you put a glass to your ear. When you mute the TV or computer speakers, all of the sound goes quiet, but something described as muted is just toned down or turned down. When you whisper you speak in a muted voice; it's not completely quiet or no one would hear you, but it's quiet enough to muffle the sounds or secrets you share. Muted colors don't stand out as much as bright ones. Beiges and soft grays are muted, and they're great for showing off bright contrasts like a turquoise scarf or red tie. 1.(adj)in a softened tone "muted trumpets" Synonyms: hushed, quiet, subdued The setting of "The Archer" is the world of parables that we might think of as Meaningville, an abstract realm with muted colors and a fuzzy periphery signaling Lessons are about to be unfurled. Recognizing "unborn babies" and hearing their muted messages from our past should convince us to do better in the future. کسر کردن - سامت کردن - صدای ارام

proper

Something proper is correct or right. There's a proper fork to use for salad, and a proper way to dress for a wedding. Things that are proper fit the situation — they're the right thing to do, because of custom or manners. A swear word is the opposite of proper language. Wearing a hat indoors isn't proper, as your grandparents have probably reminded you. Getting proper medical care means you've received the appropriate medical care. When things are proper, they're correct and suitable: they fit. 1.(adj)marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness "proper medical treatment" "proper manners" Synonyms: appropriate We still think that was the proper call, especially now. He says now that it should, as long as it's "done right" to prevent spills and with proper consultation with Native American tribes along the route. مناسب

abate

Something that abates becomes fewer or less intense. Your enthusiasm for skiing might abate after falling off a ski lift and getting a mouthful of snow. Abate comes from the Old French verb abattre, "to beat down," and means to reduce or become less intense or numerous. As an intransitive verb, it is often used with something physically, emotionally, or figuratively violent, as in "the flood of fan mail began to abate." Using it transitively, if you take measures to abate pollution or noise, you reduce them. Pronounce abate with the stress on the second syllable (uh-BATE) 1.(v)become less in amount or intensity "The storm abated" Synonyms: die away, let up, slack, slack off News of Maradona's death on Wednesday drew thousands of stunned Neapolitans into the evening streets in defiance of a coronavirus lockdown, and the grief showed no sign of abating as day broke. There are well over 200 books and memoirs, several dozen documentaries and movies, novels and even a musical about Diana, with no sign of public interest abating. کم شدن - خرد شدن - نخفیف دادن -فروکش کردن - کاهش - تخفیف

unseemly

Something that is inappropriate or unacceptable behavior is unseemly. It's a gentler, somewhat nicer word for "inappropriate" than its synonyms, the "in" words: "indecent, indecorous, indelicate, inelegant, inept" — well, you get the idea. Knowing that the "un-" prefix turns a word into its opposite, you'll see that unseemly means "not seemly." Let's look at that word (which is related to our verb seem), because it carries the real meaning. Seemly goes back to around 1200, to the Old Norse word soemr, "fitting, becoming." The negative "un-" was added in the early 14th century to denote the opposite meaning. "Seems" to make sense, doesn't it? 1.(adj)not in keeping with accepted standards of what is right or proper in polite society "unseemly to use profanity" Synonyms: indecent, indecorous, unbecoming, uncomely, untoward The dialogue does not reach the heights of August Wilson, but the action admits to fears that are often too unseemly to acknowledge. Responding to the motion seeking expedited treatment of the Republicans' appeal, the Pennsylvania Democratic Party called the request "rash and unseemly." بعید-بد منظر-ناشایست-

arbitrary

Something that's arbitrary seems like it's chosen at random instead of following a consistent rule. Team members would dislike their coach using a totally arbitrary method to pick starting players. Even though arbitrary comes from a word meaning "judge" (arbiter), that doesn't mean judges are always fair. Calling a decision-maker arbitrary is usually a negative thing, suggesting the person is making rules based on whim rather than justice. A coach who selects starting players arbitrarily isn't strictly applying a rule; he could just be picking names out of a hat. 1.(adj)based on or subject to individual discretion or preference or sometimes impulse or caprice "an arbitrary decision" "the arbitrary rule of a dictator" "an arbitrary penalty" "of arbitrary size and shape" "an arbitrary choice" "arbitrary division of the group into halves" Synonyms: absolute "Our decision should be based on the performance with the virus, frankly, rather than some kind of political decision or our own arbitrary timeline," he said. That is an arbitrary designation when Pandora's box is the centerpiece on the mantel in your family room. دل به خواه - مستبدانه - بطور اختیاری -رندم

divine

"To err is human, to forgive divine" means that everyone makes mistakes, but we should try to be like god and forgive one another. Divine basically means relating to, coming from, or like God or a god. Divine also has an old-fashioned and informal meaning of being very good or pleasing, as in "She looked absolutely divine in her blue and white gown." This is an adjective that goes back to Middle English, borrowed from Old French devine, from Latin dīvīnus "divine, foreseeing," from dīvus "god." 1.(n)a clergyman or other person in religious orders Synonyms: churchman, cleric, ecclesiastic But what made his music divine was his quest for the perfect sound. Al-Azhar University, considered the voice of Islam in Egypt, called the attacks "unjustifiable" and "inconsistent with the tolerant teachings of Islam and all divine religions." الهی - خدایی - یزدانی - معرکه -

volubility

(n)the quality of being facile in speech and writing Synonyms: articulateness, fluency facile->راحتی Something in the brightness of the room, the volubility of the family, and the squinty smile of the patriarch reminded me of going to my grandfather Southside's house when I was a kid syn :"talkativeness" چرب زبانی

magnanimous

1 adjnoble and generous in spirit "a magnanimous conqueror" Synonyms:greatheartedA magnanimous person has a generous spirit. Letting your little sister have the last of the cookies, even though you hadn't eaten since breakfast, would be considered a magnanimous act. Magnanimous comes from Latin magnus "great" and animus "soul," so it literally describes someone who is big-hearted. A person can show that over-sized spirit by being noble or brave, or by easily forgiving others and not showing resentment. It implies superiority, and is something you should say of others rather than of yourself. Being magnanimous doesn't require doling out tons of cash — just being an understanding and tolerant soul will do the trick. 1.(adj)noble and generous in spirit "a magnanimous conqueror" Synonyms: greathearted The energy that they share with us is so generous and magnanimous. "I think she'll want to be calm and magnanimous," he said. سخاوتمند

posturing

1(n)adopting a vain conceited postur Lüscher's style, a hybrid of intellectual posturing and absurd slapstick, is sharply translated by Tess Lewis, who captures Kraft's pomposity and the indefatigable march of German syntax. Mr. Pompeo's visit and official recognition of an Israeli business built on stolen Palestinian land should be condemned as the craven political posturing that it is. خودنما

account for

1)Take into consideration or make adjustments based on; 2) cause. This is not the same as give an account of, which just means explain. I accounted for the fact that Joe is always late by telling him to meet us at 1:30 when the event is really at 2. (Here, accounted for means made adjustments to compensate for.) I did get us the meeting, but Ellen's hard work accounted for the rest of our success. (Here, accounted for means caused.) Tourism accounts for about a fifth of the country's economy. توضیح خواستن - علت

indecipherable

Something that's indecipherable can't be understood. When you can't read your dad's messy handwriting, you can describe it as indecipherable. You'll find Italian poetry to be indecipherable if you don't speak Italian, and you may find some experimental films indecipherable even if they're in English. If you can't figure out the meaning of something, it's indecipherable. At the heart of this adjective is cipher, which means "code" or "secret way of writing." When you decipher something, you crack the code — but if it's indecipherable, the meaning remains a secret. 1.(adj)not easily deciphered "indecipherable handwriting" Synonyms: unclear, undecipherable, unreadable n normal years, the committee faces an indecipherable task; this year, it faces a more indecipherable task. Arias, also a screen debutant with an indecipherable rugged face, brings familial credibility to the silent mother-son relationship adorned with the occasional gentle bickering. نا خوانا - کشف نشده - حل نکردنی

lucid

Something that's lucid is clear and understandable. Lucid writing is important in journalism, so that readers easily get the point of the article they're reading. When what you write or say is lucid, it's straightforward and its meaning is crystal clear. You can also use the adjective lucid to describe your mind or thoughts when you're thinking in a rational, sensible way: "I was worried about my grandmother's confusion yesterday, but she seems really lucid today." Another meaning is "translucent," or "letting light shine through" — which makes sense since lucid comes from the Latin lucidus, "light or clear," with its root of lux, "light." 1.(adj)(of language) transparently clear; easily understandable "lucid directions" Synonyms: crystal clear, limpid, luculent, pellucid, perspicuous 2.(adj)transmitting light; able to be seen through with clarity Her faith is quite possibly unrealistic, but couched in Messud's lucid, quietly fiery prose, it's also inspiring. Pierre Boulez, by the way, made an admirably lucid recording of the Eighth too. شفاف-روشن-واضح -زلال

thriving

Something that's thriving is doing very well. You have a thriving cupcake business if you can hardly bake enough to keep up with your customers' orders. Use the adjective thriving to describe something that's healthy — like your new puppy — or profitable and busy — like your dad's car dealership. A thriving Mexican food truck always has a long line in front of it, and a thriving publisher puts out many popular books. Thriving comes from the verb thrive, and its Old Norse root word, þrifask, which means both "thrive" and "grasp to oneself," from þrifa, "to clutch or grasp." 1.a(dj)very lively and profitable "a thriving tourist center" "did a thriving business in orchids" Synonyms: booming, flourishing, palmy, prospering, prosperous, roaring Saqqara once more becomes the main cemetery for a thriving, wealthy city full of temples. "She found her place last year, thriving academically and thriving socially," the mother said. موفق شدن - رونقداشتن - پیشرفت کردن

attributable

The adjective attributable describes something that is capable of indicating or explaining a cause. Just because your parent found small fingerprints on the fridge and a chair against the counter, it does not mean the mess in the kitchen is attributable to you — it just seems like it! Attributable comes from the Latin word attribuere, meaning assign or bestow. Attributable is related to the words attribute, which is both a noun and a verb, and attributions, which is a noun. You latest promotion is attributable to your hard work. You work ethic is one of your best attributes, and you can attribute that to the way your parents raised you. 1.(adj)capable of being attributed "the collapse of the movement was attributable to a lack of morale" "an idea attributable to a Russian" Synonyms: ascribable, due, imputable, referable But I imagined that such disconcerting relics, if real, were part of an isolated history, their existence attributable to a murderous sect. That crisis results from forces much larger than Trump, and to which his own political success is attributable. قابل استناد - قابل نسبت دادن - نسبت دادنی

erroneous

The adjective erroneous describes something or someone as mistaken and incorrect. Early explorers had the erroneous notion that the oceans were full of dragons. When we talk about being on the "straight and narrow path" we aim to live a truthful and moral life. The Latin root of erroneous, or "to be incorrect" as well as "to be immoral," is errare, which means "to wander." It's clear that we make connections between behavior and direction or space. These two ideas have been linked for a very long time! 1.(adj)containing or characterized by error "erroneous conclusions" Synonyms: incorrect, wrong In exchange, "he received Mr. Evans' true show of gratitude in the form of the erroneous and baseless claims made in your letter," wrote attorney Anthony Kennedy. Anthony Drago, a Boston immigration lawyer, said one of his clients was among those given erroneous information. اشتباه - غلط - پر از غلط

hydraulic

The adjective hydraulic refers to a process using pressurized water or other fluid to generate great mechanical power, without the wear and tear of gears or levers. Hydraulic systems are popular for use in heavy-duty machinery. It might seem odd that the original Greek word hydraulikós from which hydraulic comes referred to water (hydra) and also to a musical instrument made from a hollow tube (aulos). You might ask, "What's a musical instrument got to do with hydraulics?" Well, you can see the connection when you know that something that's hydraulic means it is operated through the pressure of water or liquid through a pipe or hose, easily generating great force (instead of music). 1.(adj)moved or operated or effected by liquid (water or oil) "hydraulic erosion" "hydraulic brakes" State officials want to reallocate $16 million of that amount to boost hydraulic fracturing, a technique that boosts the productivity of wells. It is overlooked by an eye-catching feat of Victorian engineering, a red brick structure known as Grimsby Dock Tower that once housed the hydraulics that operated dock machinery. هیدرولیک

outgoing

The adjective outgoing describes someone with a friendly, easy personality. Your outgoing friend might not understand how hard it is for shy people to speak in front of an audience. If you're the only member of your outgoing family who is reserved, you might feel silent and invisible in their sociable midst. People who are outgoing are perfectly comfortable in social situations. A completely different meaning of outgoing describes someone who is departing, like an employee who will soon retire, or an outgoing club treasurer who isn't running for re-election. 1.(adj)at ease in talking to others Synonyms: extroverted, forthcoming 2.(adj)leaving a place or a position "an outgoing steamship" Synonyms: outbound, outward, outward-bound In what experts called a "nightmare scenario," the outgoing administration would dismiss legions of employees it didn't like in its last days in office and possibly replace them with Trump supporters. The outgoing congressman, considered among the most conservative in the House, was preceded in office by his father, Bill Lipinski. خوش برخورد - -رفتار اجتماعی - عزیمت - رفتن

polemical

The adjective polemical describes something related to an argument or controversy. To keep the peace, avoid discussing politics at Thanksgiving, which usually deteriorates into a polemical argument with Uncle Bob. Better stick to football or apple versus pumpkin pie. Polemical is the adjective form of the noun polemic, which itself comes from the Greek word, polemos, meaning "war." Use polemical to describe a controversy or argument that could end up as a huge conflict, because polemical refers to a major disagreement. The word is often used to describe speech and writing — a polemical discussion or a polemical essay — that usually starts a war of words. 1.(adj)of or involving dispute or controversy Synonyms: polemic That much is obvious from his unremittingly polemical prose. He was passionate about politics — an honorable profession, he believed — but he was never polemical or even terribly partisan. جدلی - مجادله امیز - شدیدا انتقادی

rambling

The adjective rambling means confused and long-winded, the way you could describe your grandfather's endless rambling stories of his childhood. Rambling always means indirect and a little confusing, which can be a negative quality in a classroom lecture or movie plot — but when you're talking about a path through the woods, rambling is a charming way to describe it. You might love to hike through the woods on rambling trails that twist and turn. Rambling comes from the verb ramble, "walk or stroll," which is a variant on the older verb romen, "to walk, or to go," and related to "roam." 1.(adj)spreading out in different directions Synonyms: sprawling, straggling, straggly If Emma was rambling on like that, she didn't understand either. He left her a long, rambling voice mail by way of introduction; it was awkward, but she found it endearing. هرز پریدن - نامربوط - بی ربط

sycophantic

The adjective sycophantic is perfect for describing someone who uses flattery to get what they want. The sycophantic guy in your biology class might compliment the professor on her fabulous shoes as he hands in his lab report. Someone who's sycophantic goes overboard with compliments, usually to gain some kind of advantage. You see sycophantic behavior in Hollywood all the time, from red carpet interviews pouring flattery on movie stars to fawning autograph seekers. Sycophantic comes from the Greek word sykophantes, "one who shows the fig," a vulgar gesture of the time. The reference is to hypocritical Greeks behind the scenes who pretended to flatter while encouraging others to "show the fig." 1.(adj)attempting to win favor by flattery Synonyms: bootlicking, fawning, toadyish,servile s she observed, "There's a meanness to the man and to the policies issued from the sycophantic bubble that passes for his administration." Something tells me that even Fox & Friends' sycophantic hosts might be relieved if it doesn't. چاپلوس - مفت خور-تملق امیز

intermittently

The adverb intermittently describes something that starts, then stops, then starts up again. If you studied intermittently last night, that means sometimes you studied but sometimes you took breaks to do other things. If something happens intermittently, it doesn't happen all the time or in a steady flow, but goes in fits and starts. It might rain intermittently on Monday or your car might intermittently refuse to start. Make sure you spell intermittently with two "t"s. You can blame the Latin for that: intermittently evolved from the Latin root intermittĕre, which means "to cease." 1.(adv)in an intermittent manner "intermittently we questioned the barometer" Dunes in a trio of the park's sections - the Fort Pickens, Perdido Key and Santa Rosa areas - were intermittently flattened by the storm, said Kelly Irick, the park's natural resource manager. Towfiq and his wife, Carol Nakahara, in their lawsuit say the netting was at first removed intermittently but later remained up, with Gross and Schwartz avoiding attempts to resolve the problem. به طور متناوب - بنوبت -

literally

The adverb literally means "actually," and we use it when we want others to know we're serious, not exaggerating or being metaphorical. f your mom complains that your room is overflowing with clothes, she probably doesn't mean this literally. Your room might be messy and chaotic, but your clothes aren't actually piled so high that they're flowing into the hallway. Your mom is being figurative — she's exaggerating. Now, if your clothes really were piled up so high that they were flowing into the hallway, your mom would say, "Your room is literally overflowing with clothes!" 1.(adv)(intensifier before a figurative expression) without exaggeration "our eyes were literally pinned to TV during the Gulf War" 2.(adv)in a literal sense "literally translated" "he said so literally" It's a hack-and-slash series that defines itself on scale: you aren't fighting just a few foes but literally hundreds at the same time. Or to people who live in a state so steeped in pandemic denial that COVID-19 patients reject their diagnosis literally with their dying breath عینا - دقیقا

backyard

The area behind your house, especially if it's covered in grass or other plants, is a backyard. Some people have decks or patios in their backyard. If you live in a city, you'll consider yourself lucky to have a tiny backyard where you can sit on a sunny day. In the suburbs, houses often have identical, fenced-in backyards. And in the country, your backyard might extend for acres. The word is sometimes hyphenated, back-yard, or spelled as two separate words. It's been in use since the 1600s, combining back and yard, from the Old English geard, "enclosure, garden, or court." 1.(n)the grounds in back of a house He toted around backpacks filled with rocks, went on runs with weighted vests and worked on his game at the family's backyard hoop. And this one is bookended at the other end of the episode by another backyard match, where Beth berates him for being too slow to see 70 moves ahead, like she does. حیات پشتی - باغچه

transparency

The condition of being clear or transparent is transparency. The transparency of your car's windshield might be affected by how badly your car needs to be washed. Something has transparency if you can see through it, like the ice on the top of a frozen lake or a glass. Transparency can also refer to a figurative kind of clearness or openness, which is what people mean when they talk about "government transparency." If you can see clearly, without anything being hidden, what you're looking at (or through) has transparency. Its root is the Latin word transparentem, which means "see light through." 1.(n)the quality of being clear and transparent Synonyms: transparence, transparentness 2.(n)permitting the free passage of electromagnetic radiation The Labour leader also highlighted accusations of cronyism and a lack of transparency in private contracts connected to the supply of protective equipment and other Covid measures. House of Representatives panel finds Boeing failed in its design and development of the MAX as well as its transparency with the FAA, and that the FAA failed in its oversight and certification. وضوح- روشنی - شفافیت

cataclysm

The hurricane battered the coast, causing the city to flood, and tens of thousands of people were stranded without food or water. When an event causes great suffering, we call it a cataclysm. Cataclysm comes from the Greek word kataklysmos, which means "a deluge or flood." So saying something was "a disaster of cataclysmic proportions" is particularly apt when you're talking about a tsunami. Still, people use the word cataclysmic to describe non-watery disasters, too, like stock market crashes, painful breakups, and failed grammar tests. 1.(n)a sudden violent change in the earth's surface Synonyms: catastrophe But it is possible, and that would be such a cataclysm — perhaps 20 million Americans losing insurance during a pandemic — that it's worth a shudder. So who exactly needs a documentary on a by-now intensely familiar and rapidly evolving global cataclysm? فاجعه عظیم - رویداد سهمگین - فاجعه امیز

likelihood

The likelihood of something means the odds that it will happen, or how likely a particular outcome is. Your likelihood of winning the lottery is pretty slim. If you figured out the likelihood of winning the lottery before you bought a scratch ticket, you might end up spending your money on something else. Likelihood indicates probability or chance. The likelihood that you'll convince your stubborn dog to get in your car completely depends on how many dog treats you've got in your pocket. 1.(n)the probability of a specified outcome Synonyms:likeliness "We were confident in the likelihood of our success in the case," the official said. The likelihood of passing an English class decreased by 40 percent this year for all students, according to the analysis, while the likelihood of passing mathematics decreased by 30 percent. امر محتمل - راست نمایی

mediocrity

The noun mediocrity means the quality of being average or ordinary. You can't be great at everything — in some areas, we all fall into mediocrity. Mediocrity, pronounced "me-dee-AH-crih-tee," has Latin parts that together literally mean "halfway up the mountain." You can see how it still applies — in climbing the mountain — or ladder — of success, mediocrity is in the middle, neither leading the pack nor sprawling on ground, giving up. Such of person of this middle-level of success can also be called a mediocrity. That's a second definition of the word. 1.(n)ordinariness as a consequence of being average and not outstanding Synonyms: averageness For the first half of the race, he looked like just another driver, running in the fringes of the top six in a position of relative mediocrity. It's not much, but after 20 years of directionless mediocrity, it's finally a start حد وسط - میانگی-اندازه وسط

resolution

The noun resolution has a few related meanings having to do with being firmly determined about something. If you lack determination, you'll never fulfill your New Year's resolutions. Resolution is the noun form of the verb resolve, derived from the Latin resolvere, "to loosen, undo, settle." We can still see this meaning of resolution in the sense of "an explanation" or "a solution" — when a problem, conflict, or mystery reaches its resolution, it has been "undone," so to speak. If you approach a task with resolution, you do it with determination. And if you make a resolution, you make a firm decision to do something or meet some goal. 1.(n)a decision to do something or to behave in a certain manner 2.(n)finding a solution to a problem 3.(n)the ability of a microscope or telescope to measure the angular separation of images that are close together 4.(n)analysis into clear-cut components 5.(n)(music) a dissonant chord is followed by a consonant chord 6.(n)the subsidence of swelling or other signs of inflammation (especially in a lung) The resolution, adopted on Wednesday, is symbolic and does not mean the French government will recognize a sovereign Nagorno-Karabakh. It described the resolution as a provocation and said it was biased. حل - دقت - واضح - تفکیک پذیری - تصمیم -عزم -جداسازی

league

The two meanings of league are quite different — either it's a group or federation joined for a common purpose (say, your bowling league or the League of Nations) or it's a rough measurement of about three miles, usually at sea. One would hope that two such different meanings of the same word would have some deep connection far back in word history, but it does not seem to be the case here. The word meaning "an agreement of groups" appears to be related to the French word ligue, also found in ligature ("thing that ties"), while the league of 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea (an excellent adventure book if you're in the mood) is from Middle English. We call words like these homographs — since spelling is all they seem to share! 1.(n)(v)unite to form a league 2.(n)an obsolete unit of distance of variable length (usually 3 miles) It seemed to work against the Mariners' 2020 plan of giving their young prospects as much big league experience as possible. Salah, who is self-isolating, will miss Sunday's game against league leaders Leicester and is likely to miss the Champions League tie against Atalanta. اتحادیه - پیمان - گروه ورزشی

deflect

The verb deflect describes blocking something or changing its course. Hockey goalies deflect the flying puck with their sticks or blockers, making it travel in a different direction, preferably to a teammate's stick. In a cartoon, a mouse might ask an approaching cat, "Hey, what's that up in the sky?" When the cat looks up, the mouse runs away, successful in his attempt to deflect the cat's attention. When you deflect, you throw someone or something off course, often by using a distraction. Another way to deflect something — such as criticism — is to blame someone else. Eventually the truth, like the cat who quickly sees there's nothing unusual up in the sky, catches up with those who deflect. 1.(v)turn from a straight course, fixed direction, or line of interest Synonyms:bend, turn away Likewise, he cautioned AP writers against quoting unsubstantiated criticism by coaches deflecting from losses. The SNP said these were "weasel words" to deflect from his earlier "blunder" منحرف کردن - شکستن -کج کردن

deride

The verb deride means to speak to someone with contempt or show a low opinion of someone or something. A bully might constantly deride other kids in his class — which might lead to many afternoons spent in the principal's office. To "ride" people is to get on their case or give them a hard time, and to deride is to do the same with insulting language or poor treatment. Deride comes from the Latin root dērīdēre, meaning "to ridicule, to scorn," and it's often used to express dislike or even hatred. Criticizing something with words is a common way to deride, and politicians often deride each other in their speeches during election campaigns. 1.(v)treat or speak of with contempt "He derided his student's attempt to solve the biggest problem in mathematics" Before the election, Trump derided the high court's refusal to intervene as a "terrible decision." He was derided by some Scots for his vocal nationalism despite his decision to live far from his homeland. مسخره کردن -

enfranchise

The verb enfranchise is used when a group of people are given voting rights or freedoms they didn't have before. Many people under the age of 18 would like lawmakers to enfranchise their peer group so they can vote. Enfranchise traces back to the Old French word enfranchiss, a combination of en-, meaning "make, put in," and enfranchir, meaning "to set or make free." In the 1680s, enfranchise came to mean "to admit to membership in a state," something that usually came with the right to vote. You may know the word disenfranchised, an adjective that describes people who lack rights or liberties. To enfranchise is to give or restore rights to the disenfranchised. 1.(v)grant freedom to; as from slavery or servitude "Slaves were enfranchised in the mid-19th century" Synonyms:affranchise "Wasn't the legislative intent of the statute that we're talking about was to enfranchise, not disenfranchise voters?" "They don't like the late counting of ballots because they don't like more eligible voters to be enfranchised," she said. ازاد کردن - از بندگی رهاندن -معاف کردن - حقوق مدنی دریافت کردن

expatiate

The verb expatiate means "to add details to in order to clear up." If your story is confusing to everyone who hears it, certain key parts must be missing. Better expatiate so that people can understand it. To pronounce expatiate correctly, accent the second syllable: "ex-PAY-she-ate." When you expatiate on a piece of writing, you add details. The goal is to make your ideas clearer to readers, perhaps by offering an example to help them understand. Teachers can tell when you are expatiating and when you are just adding to what you've written, say, to reach a certain length requirement. That's usually called "padding." 1.(v)add details, as to an account or idea; clarify the meaning of and discourse in a learned way, usually in writing Synonyms: dilate, elaborate, enlarge, expand, exposit, expound, flesh out, lucubrate به تفصیل شرح دادن -اطناب کردن

galvanize

The verb galvanize refers to stimulating muscles with an electrical current, and this word is also used to suggest stimulating someone into action. An inspiring speech can galvanize people into making a change. The word galvanize was coined to honor the 18th-century scientist Luigi Galvani, who found that a spark could make a frog's legs move. This discovery led to further studies in what Galvani called "animal electricity," and became the basis for Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, (a novel in which a mad scientist attempts to use electricity to galvanize a monster to life). Galvanize also means to cover steel or iron with zinc so it doesn't rust. 1.(v)stimulate (muscles) by administering a shock Synonyms: galvanise 2.(v)cover with zinc This family memoir is a galvanizing account of how Greta Thunberg became the face of the youth climate movement, and the crises she faced at home. Plus, most local tax elections often don't face the type of well-funded, organized opposition that galvanizes around statewide ballot measures. به جنب و جوش انداختن - اب فلزی دادن

implicate

The verb implicate means "to connect or involve in something." For example, your cousins might implicate you in the planning of a big party for your grandparents. Implicate comes from the Latin word implicare, meaning "to entwine, involve." When you implicate someone, you bring him or her into a group or to pitch in on a project. Implicate can have criminal connotations when it means "to connect in an incriminating manner," like when detectives figure out who drove the getaway car in the bank robbery — that person will be implicated for his or her role in the crime. 1.(v)bring into intimate and incriminating connection "He is implicated in the scheme to defraud the government" "George Gao was convinced we were going to implicate a cane rat," Dr. Lipkin said. He is the first trooper implicated in the scandal to lose his pension. گرفتار کردن -دلالت کردن - مشمول کردن

refute

The verb refute is to prove that something is wrong. When the kids you're babysitting swear they brushed their teeth, you can refute their claim by presenting the dry toothbrushes. Evidence and arguments are used to refute something. So are facts. For example, if children who eat chocolate before going to bed go straight to sleep, that refutes the idea that sugar keeps them up. Refute comes from the Latin refutare for "to check, suppress." A near synonym is confute, but save refute as an everyday word for proving something is false. 1.(v)overthrow by argument, evidence, or proof "The speaker refuted his opponent's arguments" Synonyms: rebut After Wood amplified those photos and videos on Friday, Cobb County officials refuted the claim, explaining that the shredding company was summoned to destroy non-relevant election materials, as happens after all elections. The labels applied to misleading or factually untrue content were often vague, and did not necessarily refute the disinformation. رد کردن - تکذیب کردن - اشتباه کی را اثبات کردن

stymie

The verb stymie means to obstruct or hinder. Constantly texting with your friends will stymie your effort to finish your homework. Stymie was first used on the golf course in Scotland, where it referred to an opponent's ball blocking your own ball's path to the cup. From there a verb sense developed, until finally stymie came to mean blocking with any obstacle, not just a golf ball. 1.(v)hinder or prevent the progress or accomplishment of Synonyms: block, blockade, embarrass, hinder, obstruct, stymy Each petition tells a horror story of a woman who believes her life is at risk and is stymied in her attempt to escape her abuser. Yu's Hollywood satire, a National Book Award winner, follows an Asian actor whose dreams of landing a leading role are forever stymied by typecasting and racism. قرار گرفتن - مانع شدن - گیر کردن

embellish

The word "bell" shows up in the middle of embellish, and bells are something that decorate, or embellish something, making it more attractive. If you embellish speech, though, it can get ugly if you add a lot of details that aren't true. Embellish often has the positive meaning of adding something to make it more handsome or beautifully decorated. But, while adding bells to something looks great at first, after a couple of hours of bells ringing in the ears, what was meant to embellish and beautify can get annoying. That's what can happen when you embellish by adding too many false or exaggerated details to a story. Embellishing with true, colorful details and vivid descriptions is what can really enhance the beauty of a story. 1.(v)make more attractive by adding ornament, color, etc. Synonyms: adorn, beautify, decorate, grace, ornament Two months later, she embellished her history in D.C. to get a gig as a tour guide for DC By Foot. And Lihi Hod kept the peekaboo detail demure and romantic on a soft, belted A-line gown embellished with 3-D petal شاخ و برگ دادن - اب و تاب دادن -زینت دادن

papyrus

The word "paper" comes from papyrus, which is "the paper plant, or paper made from it." When the ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans wanted to jot something down, they used papyrus. Papyrus plants used to grow all over the Nile Delta in Egypt, which is why it was so popular with the King Tut set. They used it to make everything from mattresses to sandals, but papyrus is mostly famous as the thick paper ancient Egyptians wrote important documents on, like, say, a note from Cleopatra. It also refers to the paper itself, like the recently discovered papyrus of Cleopatra, on which she wrote "make it happen." Yes ma'am. 1.(n)tall sedge of the Nile valley yielding fiber that served many purposes in historic times Synonyms :Cyperus papyrus, Egyptian paper reed, Egyptian paper rush, paper plant, paper rush In 2012, the Harvard scholar Karen King announced what she believed to be an extraordinary discovery: a second-century papyrus fragment with a text hinting that Jesus was married to Mary Magdalene. The background of the relief is formed by a papyrus thicket. پاپیروس - درخت کاغذ

aptly

The word aptly describes an action that's done appropriately or fittingly. An audience's standing ovation might aptly capture its enthusiasm for a rock band's energetic performance. First used in the mid-14th century, the adverb aptly, by way of the adjective apt, "appropriate or suitable," comes from the Latin word aptus, meaning "fit or suited." A dog called Snoozy who lies around on the couch all day is aptly named, and a newspaper obituary that perfectly sums up your grandfather's life aptly captures who he really was. In both examples, something is utterly suited or appropriate. 1.(adv)with competence; in a competent capable manner Synonyms: ably, capably, competently Antonyms: displaying incompetence, incompetently The obsequious Mike Pence once told friends that he "loathed Trump", and Lindsey Graham aptly defined him as "a race-baiting, xenophobic religious bigot"; then they and their cronies got down to some slavish bootlicking. Setting aside the egregious political miscalculation, there are terms that aptly describe this behavior, which might range from "depraved indifference" to "murder." مستعدانه -از روی لیاقت - بزیرکی

fertile

The word fertile means "able to reproduce," but like so many words, that's just the beginning. The fact that she gave birth to eight kids was proof that she was fertile; her fertile imagination explained their unusual names. The distance between fertile's literal meaning (able to make babies) and its figurative ones (productive, prolific, full of potential) is small. A child's mind is a fertile place; an idea can grow there very easily. Rabbits are famously fertile creatures; they can spawn several generations in a matter of months. And "fertile ground" can be arable land or a situation that provides the perfect opportunity. The Latin root, fertilis, means "bearing in abundance, fruitful, or productive," from ferre, "to bear." 1.(adj)capable of reproducing Synonyms: conceptive, impregnable oday, no place is more fertile for Golden State grievance politics than Huntington Beach. In Saturday's virtual ceremony hosted on the school's website, students, school officials, local community leaders and politicians spoke about the project and their hopes that it will be a fertile site for reflection and resolve. بارور - حاصلخیز - پربرکت -

Pacific

The word pacific refers to people, actions, and ideas that are peaceful. Pacific actions promote and create peace. A pacifist is a person who opposes all wars, and that word can help you remember that pacific things are also peaceful. All pacific things are done in a peaceful way or help the cause of peace. Protesting a war is pacific. Signing a peace treaty is pacific. The philosophy of being pacific is called pacifism. Don't confuse pacific with a small "p" with Pacific with a big "P" — as in the Pacific Ocean. 1.(adj)disposed to peace or of a peaceful nature "the pacific temper seeks to settle disputes on grounds of justice rather than by force" Synonyms: peaceable In political terms, Wallace rather disappeared into the fringes of the Democratic Party after it replaced him on the presidential ticket in 1944 with the more pacific Harry Truman. The world of artificial satellites, silent in the void of space, might seem pacific. اقیانوس ساکن - ارام -صلح جو

contemporary

Things that are contemporary are either happening at the same time or happening now. Contemporary art is recent art. In history class, if you hear that one famous person was a contemporary of another, that means they lived at the same time. Contemporaries are people and things from the same time period. Contemporary can also describe things happening now or recently. It's common to speak of contemporary music or contemporary furniture, for example. Those things are new, not old. Anything characteristic of the present day can be called contemporary. 1.(adj)occurring in the same period of time "the composer Salieri was contemporary with Mozart" Synonyms: contemporaneous But the lack of any other context, along with the contemporary Zoom-room aesthetics of most backdrops, underlines the sometimes uncanny sense that these historical figures are, in fact, appearing on television right now. Tauren Wells won contemporary Christian artist of the year and pop/contemporary album of the year. معاصر - هم زمان - هم دوره

endless

Things that are endless go on forever, or at least appear to. The ocean looks endless when you sail out of sight of the shore. Endless things are infinite — your love for someone might be endless, and the mathematical symbol of infinity represents an endless number. You're most likely to use this adjective to describe things that only seem to last forever, like an endless meeting at work or an endless commute during rush hour. The Old English root of endless is endeleas, "boundless or eternal." 1.(adj)having no known beginning and presumably no end "time is endless" Synonyms:dateless, sempiternal Its elasticity sets it apart and allows toddlers to stack and build with endless possibilities. Kids who like building, stacking, imaginary play—really any kind of play!—will get endless enjoyment from Magna-Tiles. بی پایان

wane

Things that wane simply grow smaller. "My initial enthusiasm for helping waned when I saw the massive pile of envelopes that needed sealing." Things that wax and wane, like the moon, grow larger and smaller. Wax is the opposite of wane. A fad, or a fashion, or even a disease, that is on its way out the door is "on the wane." If your influence over your little brother wanes, he'll probably stop copying you. Anything that wanes, like the moon, influence, or a feeling, has started to go away. 1.(n)a gradual decline (in size or strength or power or number) Synonyms:ebb, ebbing While muscle memory and chemistry might lag, the U.S. team's hunger hasn't waned. Jockeying for pardons is a common feature of the waning days of any presidency. افول - کم و کاستی - کم شدن - به اخر رسیدن

fracture

Think of something hard breaking in a crisp, snapping manner, and you've just imagined a fracture. The word is most often applied to a broken bone, but it can used to describe any sharp, sudden break of something solid. The Latin frāctus means "broken," and its descendant fracture can mean any break, though it's most often associated with a hard — maybe even brittle — material, such as a bone, a rock, or the earth's crust. When something softer is split we say it is torn. For example, when we say someone broke an arm, we are referring to the bone, not the muscle; we'd say the muscle is torn. When someone funny "breaks us up," we might say "you fracture me!" 1.(n)(v)breaking of hard tissue such as bone 2.(v)interrupt, break, or destroy 1.(n)breaking of hard tissue such as bone "it was a nasty fracture" Synonyms:break A stress reaction is a precursor to a stress fracture and treatment usually involves rest. Officer Christopher Wells, 36, was shot in the leg and needed surgery to repair a fractured femur. شکستگی - شکست - شکاف

nonetheless

This is a word that people don't usually stop and define. They use it to link two seemingly contradictory thoughts. Nonetheless, it does have a definition. It means "in spite of." Break this word up to examine its meaning: None-the-less means that the statement you've just made does not diminish or make less what comes next. We are not at all prepared to climb this mountain, nonetheless we are going to try. 1.(adv)despite anything to the contrary (usually following a concession) Synonyms: all the same, even so, however, nevertheless, notwithstanding, still, withal, yet با این حال - با این وجود - -با این حال

acquire

To acquire means to get or come to own something. You acquire an education by your own effort. You acquire a painting by paying for it, or when someone gives it you. You acquire a sense of calm in crisis through experience. The list of things you can acquire includes: an object, a trait, a skill, or an ability. An acquired taste is something that people usually don't like when they first experience it, but later they come to enjoy it, such as raw clams or marmite. The verb acquire was borrowed from Latin acquīrere "to add to," from the prefix ad- "at, toward" plus quaerere "to seek, get." 1.(v)come into the possession of something concrete or abstract "They acquired a new pet" Synonyms:get 2.(v)locate (a moving entity) by means of a tracking system such as radar Investors rushed to buy shares ahead of index funds that will be forced to acquire over $50 billion of its shares. The report said Lt Allen was "fixated on acquiring the AA, either visually or with his radar, and did not monitor his aircraft altitude, airspeed, and attitude cockpit instruments". اندوختن- بدست اوردن -پیدا کردن - حاصل کردن

apprise

To apprise someone about something is to fill them in, to give them the scoop. If someone in your immediate family wins the mega-bucks lottery, you want to be the first one to be apprised of that event! Don't confuse the verbs apprise and appraise. Appraise means to determine the value of something — either its quality or its monetary worth. Apprise, on the other hand, means to inform or make aware. This word has a rather formal, weighty tone. Presidents get apprised of foreign affairs, but you will most likely not get apprised of weather conditions or dinner plans. 1.(v)inform (somebody) of something Synonyms: advise, apprize, give notice, notify, send word 2.(v)gain in value Both traits are especially vital—for assuring allies and apprising adversaries—after President Donald Trump's four years of chaos. "We will keep the public apprised of any changes in operations and ensure that as many of the core functions of the Judiciary will remain available to the extent the emergency conditions allow." مطلع کردن - اگاهی دادن - قیمت کردن

attest

To attest is to prove or declare to be true. For example: the fact that you aced the SAT attests to the strength of your vocabulary. Attest and testify come from the same Latin word testari, which means "to declare." Although both words are kind of formal, you often testify in a courtroom, but attest doesn't require a court of law to function. You can attest to anything — that the funny looking shoes toned your thighs, that what someone says is true, or that the new acne medicine really works. To remember it, think of when you pass a test, you attest that you know the material. 1.(v)provide evidence for; stand as proof of; show by one's behavior, attitude, or external attributes "His high fever attested to his illness" Synonyms: certify, demonstrate, evidence, manifest "I attest this signature" In 1997, Debbins was assigned a code name by Russian intelligence and signed a statement attesting he wanted to serve the country, according to court documents. A lawyer representing two Republican poll observers at Wednesday's hearing in Detroit submitted the sworn affidavits of several witnesses who attested to what they believed to be fraud at Detroit's main canvassing site. گواهی دادن - شهادت دادن - تصدیق را امضا کردن - سوکند یاد کردن

aver

To aver is to state something or declare something is true. This verb has a serious tone, so you might aver something on a witness stand or you might aver that you won't back down to a challenge. The verb aver comes to English via the Latin root words ad, meaning "to," and verus, meaning "true." The word can have the sense of formally declaring something is true, but it can also mean to report positively: "The grandmother averred that her granddaughter would make a fine veterinarian because of her love and caring for animals." 1.(v)declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true Synonyms: affirm, assert, avow, swan, swear, verify But from now on, he averred, he'll mow the lawn wearing long pants as well as socks and shoes. The CDC avers, however, that such masks should allow "for breathing without restriction." به طور قطع اظهار داشتن-از روی یقین گفتن-تصدیق کردن

avert

To avert is to turn away or to prevent. You might avert your gaze or avert a disaster — either way, you are avoiding something. The verb avert comes from Latin roots that mean "to turn away from." Averting has that sense of deflecting, turning away, or preventing something (usually bad) from happening. You might put salt on an icy sidewalk to avert accidents, or you might avert a toddler's meltdown by supplying a lollipop. 1.(v)turn away or aside "They averted their eyes when the King entered" Synonyms:turn away 2.(v)prevent the occurrence of; prevent from happening "avert a strike" Synonyms: avoid, debar, deflect, fend off, forefend, forfend, head off, obviate, stave off, ward off It's a scenario that officials in other countries are trying to avert ahead of other upcoming holidays, such as Christmas and New Year's. Those overflights were set up decades ago to promote trust and avert conflict. برگرداندن - جلوگیری کردن -منحرف کردن

dismissive

To be dismissive is to be indifferent and a little rude. Being dismissive is a sign of disrespect. If you're dismissive, you show little consideration for others. If a teacher laughs at a student's earnest answer to a question, that's dismissive. An employer throwing a resume in the trash without reading it? Dismissive. People are dismissive to others they think are beneath them. You can also be dismissive to ideas and suggestions. It's like waving someone or something away and saying, "whatever." 1.(adj)showing indifference or disregard "a dismissive shrug" "the firm is dismissive of the competitor's product" "'chronic fatigue syndrome' was known by the dismissive term 'housewife syndrome'" Synonyms:uninterested Eastern Guruma said it was "bullying, dismissive, disrespectful behaviour inconsistent with their published values and the expected behaviours of an ASX top 10 company". But on the larger question of Mr. Trump's claims to victory, Mr. Biden was almost dismissive. کوچک انگار - تحقیر امیز -

tactless

To be tactless is to either be rude (without manners) or inept (without finesse). Either way, it's awkward. Since people with tact are polite and respectful, tactless people are the opposite: rude and ill-mannered. Interrupting is tactless. Wearing a baseball hat in church is tactless. Not holding the door for someone is tactless. This word has to do with other graces besides social graces too. Being clumsy or lacking in judgment can also be called tactless, and an employee who constantly botches his job and never understands why is also tactless. 1.(adj)lacking or showing a lack of what is fitting and considerate in dealing with others "in the circumstances it was tactless to ask her age" Synonyms: untactful And it is especially tactless to do so over the objections of the person most concerned. They said it would be tactless to start up one of the world's most lucrative sports leagues while thousands are dying. بی نزاکت - بدون مبادای ادب - موقع نشناس

uncertain

To be uncertain is to be unsure of something. Also, uncertain things are undecided, unknown, or doubtful in some way. If you're certain of something, you're sure of it. When you're uncertain, you don't know. If you don't know the answer to a math question, you're uncertain. If you can't remember where you parked your car, you're uncertain about its location. Also, anything unknown or up in the air in uncertain. Trying to be a famous actor is an uncertain path. Gambling money on horses is very uncertain. And, it's certainly hard to plan for an uncertain future. 1.(adj)lacking or indicating lack of confidence or assurance "uncertain of his convictions" "moving with uncertain (or unsure) steps" "an uncertain smile" "touched the ornaments with uncertain fingers" Synonyms: incertain, unsure And while banks themselves were resilient, they seemed unwilling to serve as go-betweens in a wildly uncertain backdrop. He said his own family plans were uncertain. مردد - نامعلوم - مشکوک -متغیر

unconventional

To be unconventional is to act, dress, speak, or otherwise exist out of the bounds of cultural norms. If you eat cheeseburgers for breakfast, that's somewhat unconventional. Anything that's nonconformist or out of the ordinary can be described as unconventional. Every culture has its own conventions — or norms — and what may be unconventional in one region might be typical in another. The perception of what's unconventional is determined by context. 1.(adj)not conventional or conformist "unconventional life styles" Synonyms: alternative The juggernaut was in part fueled by unconventional partnerships between ventilator companies and auto giants like Ford and General Motors. In the middle of this unconventional offseason, there are still a lot more questions than answers for how, when and where the league plans to play. خلاف عرف - غیر قرار دادی - ازاد از قیود و رسوم

boycott

To boycott means to stop buying or using the goods or services of a certain company or country as a protest; the noun boycott is the protest itself. This noun comes from the name of Charles C. Boycott, an English land agent in 19th-century Ireland who refused to reduce rents for his tenant farmers. As a result, the local residents did not want to have any dealings with him. Boycotts are an effective way to use your spending dollars to effect change. 1.(n)a group's refusal to have commercial dealings with some organization in protest against its policies "By boycotting Amazon you will be adding your strength to an international coalition of workers and activists," he said. Even Richard Nixon found a publisher for his 1978 memoir, "RN," despite a boycott effort. تحریم - تحریم کردن - طرد کردن -

Cede

To cede is to give up or surrender land, position, or authority. "She reluctantly ceded the coveted position as the baby of the family to her brother when he was born. She would not, however, cede her bedroom to him." Cede is a word often used in discussing diplomatic issues. It is more commonly used in reference to actual physical things, like geographic areas or objects, but can also be used in reference to attitudes or opinions. "The rebels ceded territory after the siege failed." "Dad tried but finally ceded control and let me have my own Facebook account." It would prolong the current suspension of rules requiring airlines to use 80% of their take-off and landing windows or else cede some to rivals. Some in the pro-Gerald camp wanted to cede the garden entirely to the bird. طرفنظر کردن از - تسلیم کردن - واگذار کردن

corroborate

To corroborate is to back someone else's story. If you swear to your teacher that you didn't throw the spitball, and your friends corroborate your story by promising that you were concentrating on math homework, she might actually believe you. For example, a witness in court corroborates the testimony of others, and further experimentation can corroborate a scientific theory. Near synonyms are substantiate and confirm. Corroborate, originally meaning "to support or strengthen," was borrowed from Latin corrōborāre, formed from the prefix cor- "completely" plus rōborāre "to strengthen" (from rōbur "strength"). 1.(v)give evidence for Synonyms: validate The NHL said that investigation showed the allegations were "neither corroborated nor substantiated and are inconsistent with Tallon's past actions and his affirmative efforts in support of diversity and inclusion initiatives." Vrieswijk's view was corroborated by the conclusions of the forensic accounting investigation by Grant Thornton, delivered in May 2020, which found no evidence of misappropriation. تایید کردن - تایید - تایید امیز

crackle

To crackle is to make short, sharp cracking noises. A roaring fire in your wood stove crackles as it burns. Fires crackle, as small branches pop and snap from the heat, and a voice over an intercom might crackle with static. You could also describe the sound of your feet on dried leaves and branches as you walk through the woods as a crackle. A visual crackle, as opposed to one you hear, appears as tiny cracks in the surface: "I like that crackle effect on your table." 1.(v)nmake a crackling sound "My Rice Krispies crackled in the bowl" Synonyms:crepitate 2.(v)(n)(adj)having the surface decorated with a network of fine cracks, as in crackleware "The blazing sun crackled the desert sand" Short wands of fried phyllo stuffed with chopped mushrooms and earthy snails crackle in the mouth. The legendary Aussie rockers are back with "Power Up," the latest in a long line of electricity-themed albums that not only talk about power but bristle and crackle with it. صدای انفجار پی در پی - ترقه - صدای انفجار و شکستگی تولید کردن

deem

To deem is a verb that means to view as or judge. Your parents or boss may deem something necessary that you don't, like coming home by midnight or working late. Deem comes from the Old English word, deman — meaning "act as a judge." If you deem something, you essentially become the judge of whether it has a characteristic. For example, if you deem your little sister's jokes to be too ridiculous to listen to, you will probably just walk away. 1.(v)keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view Synonyms: hold, take for, view as Troopers received a complaint Wednesday about a tweet that was deemed a possible threat, according to a criminal complaint filed in Kanawha County Magistrate Court. Alabama coach Nick Saban also tested positive, but did not miss a game after that result was later deemed false خیال پنداشتن - فرض کردن - عقیده داشتن

contend

To defend a belief or keep affirming that it's true is to contend. People used to contend that the earth was flat, but eventually, when no one dropped off the edge no matter how far they traveled, the "round" theory won. One of the meanings of contend is from the French "to strive with," and it is a literal fighting, as in "to contend with fists." Most contemporary uses of the verb contend illustrate competitions of proof or defense, where a person will contend that something is true, or better, or wrong. It is still a striving but more of a verbal kind, where what you contend is what you hope to convince others is correct. 1.(v)compete for something; engage in a contest; measure oneself against others Synonyms: compete, vie 2.(v)maintain or assert 3.(v)come to terms with And at this year's Latin Grammys, it was all laid bare for viewers to contend with. April ushered in the largest round of job losses as schools contended with unforeseen costs from the shift to online learning and refunding housing and dining charges. ادعا کردن - مبارزه کردن - جنگیدن -

deracinate

To deracinate someone is to force them to move away from their native home to a new, unfamiliar place. Civil wars often deracinate large segments of a country's population. Deracinate comes from the Old French desraciner, "pull up by the roots." When you deracinate people, they're figuratively pulled up by the roots, usually with the intention of "planting" them in a new location. Historically, U.S. policies deracinated Native American tribes, relocating them to reservations. In 2005, Hurricane Katrina deracinated many people whose neighborhoods became unlivable. You can also use this verb more literally: "I'm going to deracinate that lavender plant and put it in a sunnier spot." 1.(v)pull up by or as if by the roots Synonyms:extirpate, root out, uproot This "Yerma" takes place in a London of a willfully progressive, deracinated middle class, which long ago discarded traditional notions of family. At the same time, He's is deracinated voice. از ریشه دراوردن - بر انداختن -بیخکن کردن

differentiate

To differentiate is to identify the differences between things, to discriminate among them. For example, if the light is dim at the party, you might find it hard to differentiate between the spicy bean dip and the chocolate sauce. You can see different in differentiate. This will help you remember that it has to do with finding how things are different, or making them different. For example, identical twins look alike but if you get to know them, personality traits, speech patterns and their likes and dislikes help differentiate one from another. Also, when you wear a team uniform the number on your back helps coaches differentiate between teammates when everyone is playing fast. 1.(v)become distinct and acquire a different character 2.(v)calculate a derivative; take the derivative The report said that on the morning of the attack, local police began checking identify cards of residents to "differentiate people of non-Tigray origin from the rest". What differentiated him from his competitors, he explained, was commitment; he didn't treat chess as a "normal hobby." فرق قاعل شدن

plainly

To do something plainly means to do it either in a very simple way or in an obvious way. You might dress plainly when you're just hanging around the house, but your flair for fashion will be plainly visible when you get dressed up for a party. If you're plainly asking your mom for money, it's clear to her what you're doing. But if you live plainly, it means you do things in a simple, non-luxurious way. You can also speak plainly, which either means "using simple words," or "bluntly." Certain religious groups, including Quakers, Amish, and Mennonites, have long been associated with the words plain and plainly because they live, speak, and dress so simply. 1.(adv)in a simple manner; without extravagance or embellishment "she was dressed plainly" Synonyms:simply 2.(adv)unmistakably ('plain' is often used informally for 'plainly') "You are plainly wrong" Synonyms:apparently, evidently, manifestly, obviously, patently, plain ساده - به طور واضح - پوست کنده - رک

edify

To edify is to help someone understand, whether it is books that edify those who want to learn a new language, or the explanations that hang beside paintings at a museum that edify visitors who aren't familiar with the artist. If you know that the noun edifice is a synonym for building, you may wonder what the related verb edify has to do with understanding. You can think of something that edifies as the building blocks of what might become a lifelong interest, like an elementary school teacher who edifies the student who becomes an Abraham Lincoln scholar, or an activity you eventually master, like the beginners' lessons that edify new ice skaters. 1.(v)make understand Synonyms: enlighten Indeed, the event's most edifying moments weren't in what the candidates said but in the reaction shots caught on camera when they weren't talking. As edifying as that might be for me personally, Democrats should probably not do this. تقدیس کردن - اخلاق اموختن - تقویت کردن - اموزشی

embraced

To embrace something is to welcome it with open arms, hold, hug, accept completely. You might embrace your sweetheart, or even changes in technology. Embrace is from the French verb embrasser, which started out meaning "to clasp in the arms" (but now includes kissing). You embrace someone by giving her a giant hug, and when you embrace a new idea, it's like your brain gives it a hug. The noun and verb form are similar: If you embrace someone who isn't your sweetheart, you might get caught in an embrace. In Henry IV, Shakespeare writes about a really, really tight embrace: "I will embrace him with a soldier's arm/That he shall shrink under my courtesy." 1.(v)(n)squeeze (someone) tightly in your arms, usually with fondness Synonyms: bosom, hug, squeeze 2.(v)(n)a close affectionate and protective acceptance 3.(v)include in scope; include as part of something broader; have as one's sphere or territory In many ways, she argues, she is a "conditional citizen," one who soon understands what it is like "for a country to embrace you with one arm and push you away with the other." For many people, the desire to embrace Blackness is motivated by empowerment. پذیرفتن- در آغوش گرفتن - در برگرفتن - بغل کرئن -شامل بودن -اغوش

emerge

To emerge means to come out into view or come forth. You might hope to emerge from an epic perming session looking like a beauty queen, but chances are it will just look like you got electrocuted. From the Latin emergere, meaning to "rise out or up, bring forth, bring to light," emerge is an intransitive verb that might bring to mind the image of a whale rising up from the depths of the sea, or of a person popping out from a dark corner to spook you. Appear and peep are synonyms, while dip and sink are antonyms. 1.(v)come out into view, as from concealment "Suddenly, the proprietor emerged from his office" 2.(v)happen or occur as a result of something Authorities ordered testing of all residents to detect new cases after the country's latest local outbreak first emerged late last week. He emerged from poverty, was a childhood sensation and made his pro debut 10 days short of his 16th birthday. پدیدار شدن - بیرون امدن

endorse

To endorse is to give support to someone or something. "I endorse this!" means "I think this is a good thing, and so should you." People endorse in many ways. When someone endorses a politician, it means "You should vote for this person, and I'm putting my reputation on the line to say so." When someone endorses a product in a commercial, it means "Go buy this! You'll like it." To endorse is to give support. You can also endorse a check, which means writing your name or someone else's on the back so that you or the other person can cash or deposit it. 1.(v)be behind; approve of Synonyms: back, indorse, plump for, plunk for, support 2.(v)sign as evidence of legal transfer But she did endorse cleaning only with a dry cloth. In 2016, he lent Trump's campaign legitimacy at a time when no other established national security official role was willing to endorse the former reality TV star or advise him on foreign policy issues. امضا کردن-پشت نویس کردم-تخلف را ثبت کردن

enumerate

To enumerate is to list or count off one by one. Before you ask for a raise, you'd better be able to enumerate all the reasons why you deserve more money. Tally, total, add up, compute — however you put it, enumerate is basically just another way to say "count." As in, "How do I love thee? Let me enumerate the ways." This verb came about in the 1610's as a variation on the Latin enumerates, which means "to reckon up or count over." To quote Paul Valery, the French critic, essayist, and poet, "Science is feasible when the variables are few and can be enumerated; when their combinations are distinct and clear." 1.(v)specify individually "She enumerated the many obstacles she had encountered" Synonyms: itemise, itemize, recite A copy of the Nevada letter provided to The Associated Press included a 62-page chart enumerating each voter but the listing did not include the name, address or party affiliation. The Austrian chancellor, in his speech, carefully enumerated the four victims of "cold-blooded murder": an elderly man and woman, a young passerby and a waitress. برشمردن - شمردن - یکایک شمردن - بشمار اوردن -فهرست وار گفتن

evaporate

To evaporate is to fade away or to literally turn into vapor. If you leave a glass of water out and the water slowly disappears, it's not being consumed by elves; it's evaporating. People often use the word evaporate metaphorically because it produces a strong image of something disappearing like vapor. When the economy goes through a rough patch, funding for projects like education and the arts tends to evaporate or disappear. Your feelings for a mate might evaporate after you spend too much time with him or her. 1.(v)change into a vapor "The water evaporated in front of our eyes" Synonyms:vaporise 2.(v)become less intense and fade away gradually Uncertainty threads lives as stimulus checks and unemployment benefits evaporate. That immunity for conduct in office will evaporate when Mr. Trump steps back into private life. تبخیر شدن -بخار شدن -

exasperate

To exasperate someone is to annoy him or her to the point of impatience, frustration and irritation, like when you exasperate a busy waiter by asking questions like "what are all the ingredients in the salad dressing?" and making him repeat the specials five times. The verb exasperate comes from the Latin word exasperatus, which means "to roughen," "irritate," or "provoke." To exasperate is to make something that is already bad even worse, like when sitting in traffic that is sure to make you late, you exasperate the person who is driving by bringing up an unpleasant topic, or the addition of twenty more students that exasperates the crowding in the cafeteria. 1.(v)make furious Synonyms:incense, infuriate "If I see one more post about the rose garden I'm going to lose it," yet another exasperated commenter wrote. By now, though, my parents are exhausted and exasperated and respond to most things she says with cruelty and ridicule, followed by self-pity. ازار دادن - خشمگین کردن - خشم - عصبانیت

exculpate

To exculpate means to find someone not guilty of criminal charges. If you've been wrongly accused of robbery, you'd better hope a judge will exculpate you, unless you want to go to jail because you've heard prison food is amazing. Exculpate comes from two Latin words: ex-, meaning "from," and culpa, meaning "blame." Exculpate is similar in meaning to exonerate. When you exonerate someone, you clear a person of an accusation and any suspicion that goes along with it. Exculpate usually refers more directly to clearing the charges against someone. So if that judge exculpates you from the robbery charge, everyone in town might still think you did it. Get him to exculpate and exonerate you. 1.(v)pronounce not guilty of criminal charges Synonyms: acquit, assoil, clear, discharge, exonerate No evidence emerged linking the man to the crime at the school in Myanmar's capital, Naypyitaw, and some testimony exculpated him. He said that he wanted to "exculpate" his client. تبرعه کردن - مبرا کردن - معذور دانشتن

panache

To have panache is to have a stylish flair. You might wear your giant polka-dotted scarf with great panache. Panache comes from the Latin word pinnaculum, which means "small wing" or "tuft of feathers." When you decorate yourself with a flourish, have an elegant appearance, or do something with style, you are said to have panache. You might wear your beret with new-found panache. Your aunt Milly may throw a party with unmatched panache. Or your brother's ability to turn a phrase may show an uncommon panache. 1.(n)distinctive and stylish elegance Synonyms: dash, elan, flair, style 2.(n)a feathered plume on a helmet "The Arrest" is written with Lethem's usual stylistic panache, but it's far lighter than such tomes as "Chronic City" and far less emotionally involving than his classic "Motherless Brooklyn." Not that it's all serious: Much of the posting is exuberant — full of memes, Black cultural references and linguistic panache. خودنمایی-ادا و اصول-جلوه

inject

To inject is to give an injection, or a shot. When your doctor tells you that you need a flu shot, she wants to inject you with a vaccine that will help keep you from getting sick. You are most likely to hear the verb inject at the doctor's office. Veterinarians inject dogs each year with rabies vaccines, and sometimes if you're sick enough, a doctor or nurse might need to inject you with antibiotics. You can use inject in a figurative way, too: "I'd like to inject a new topic into this conversation, it's getting so boring." The Latin root is inicere, "to throw in" or "to throw on." 1.(v)force or drive (a fluid or gas) into by piercing "inject hydrogen into the balloon" Synonyms:shoot Moore's group showed in 2002 that introducing stabilizing mutations in HIV's surface protein led to much more robust antibody responses when it was injected into animals. The president's baseless claims that there was fraud in the election and that he would ultimately win a second term helped keep a lid on gains by injecting uncertainty into the markets. تزریق-زدن-سوزن زدن

invoke

To invoke is to call up something such as a law, a higher power, or even a ghost. In court, you might invoke the Fifth Amendment (the right not to say something that will make you look bad) if you don't want to talk. You can invoke all kinds of people or ideas, alive or dead: "She invokes the spirit of good writing when she proofreads her work." In a time of need, you might invoke a higher power. You could invoke Martin Luther King when talking about equal rights. You might even invoke the spirit of your dead cat at a séance. Just make sure you don't evoke (to bring on a strong emotional reaction) your dead cat; that would just be weird. 1.(v)request earnestly (something from somebody); ask for aid or protection 2.(v)cite as an authority; resort to 1.(v)request earnestly (something from somebody); ask for aid or protection "Invoke God in times of trouble" Synonyms:appeal This year, amid the pandemic, the president invoked his emergency powers under public health laws to halt most immigration across the border. Even the physician who invoked my death didn't want me to actually die. دعا کردن به - با التماس خواستن - استدعا کردن

languish

To languish is to become pitiful or weak because you're sick, in love, or stuck somewhere. A prisoner might languish in jail, longing for her freedom. Languish, like languid, is from the Latin word languere which means "to be weak or faint." Your houseplants might languish in a dark dry corner. A Romantic poet might languish on a velvet couch with the back of her hand to her forehead. People in operas love to languish: The main character in La Traviatta, Violetta, languishes from longing and eventually tuberculosis. 1.(v)become feeble "The prisoner has be languishing for years in the dungeon" Synonyms:fade 2.(v)have a desire for something or someone who is not present Synonyms: ache, pine, yearn, yen That subpoena is languishing in federal district court and will likely not be addressed by the time this congressional term ends. When the school shuttered, she was worried his education would languish. پژمرده - افسرده - با چشمان خمار نگریستن - بیحال شدن-

manipulate

To manipulate something means to handle it skillfully, like the way a sculptor manipulates clay or a really good politician works a crowd. The verb manipulate evolved from manipulation, which back in the 1700s referred to a method of digging ore. So manipulating something originally only meant moving or arranging it by hand or mechanically. It wasn't until 1864 that people started using the word manipulate to describe someone exerting mental or emotional influence on others. 1.(v)influence or control shrewdly or deviously "He manipulated public opinion in his favor" Synonyms: pull strings, pull wires The Trump campaign sued WJFW-NBC of Rhinelander, Wisconsin asserting the ad "deceptively" manipulated quotes from different speeches by splicing them together. Zatko said he appreciated Twitter's openness to unconventional security approaches, such as his proposal for confusing bad actors by manipulating the data they receive from Twitter about how people interact with their posts. دستکاری کردن - با دست عمل کردن - اداره کردن - ماهرانه دستکاری کردن

mistrust

To mistrust is to feel uneasy about someone or something. If you mistrust bus drivers, you may decide to walk instead. Are you suspicious of clowns in general? Then you mistrust them. This verb has a very similar meaning to distrust — as nouns, both words mean "a lack of trust." A subtle difference between the two is that distrust tends to be based on a bad experience (if a clown once pinched you, you will probably always distrust that clown). Mistrust, on the other hand, is a more general sense of suspicion. 1.(v)regard as untrustworthy; regard with suspicion; have no faith or confidence in Synonyms: distrust, suspect Synonyms: distrust, distrustfulness Or is the point only to sow division and create mistrust in democracy and the government's legitimacy? But voters in both parties are mistrusting of the polls.

negotiate

To negotiate is to try to work out an agreement between parties that each want something out of the deal. You might negotiate with your mom — offering to do more chores for a raise in your allowance. Good luck. Negotiation is all about give and take. Governments are always negotiating with unions, trying to define the terms of new contracts. The government might offer the teachers union a raise, if they agree to work 200 days a year instead of 180. The verb negotiate can also mean to successfully pass through or travel along. You may have to negotiate a hazardous road, or a tricky path through sticker bushes. 1.(v)discuss the terms of an arrangement "They negotiated the sale of the house" Synonyms:negociate, talk terms 2.(v)succeed in passing through, around, or over The Democratic presidential candidate in 2004 and former senator from Massachusetts brings a long history of international negotiating — and concern about climate change — to the role. With no prospect of securing a replacement tenant, our landlord became very interested in negotiating. مذاکره -گفتگو کردن

persecute

To persecute is to make someone suffer or to keep them in bad circumstances. In some parts of the world governments or military groups persecute, or punish, people for religious beliefs, often sending them to prisons or work camps. You can use the verb persecute to talk about abusive acts against a person or group of people. Persecute is usually used to specify the harm done to a particular group, as when a person is persecuted for his affiliation with a religious group. Those born of a certain race or culture can be targets too. Adolf Hitler became notorious for his orders to persecute the Jewish people. 1.(v)cause to suffer "Jews were persecuted in the former Soviet Union" Synonyms: oppress "I think often of persecuted peoples," Francis said in one passage. After the transmitters were turned off, Mouckova was fired and was persecuted by the hard-line communist regime that took power after the invasion. اذیت کردن - داعما دنبال ازار و اذیت

posit

To posit something is to assume or suggest that it is true. You can posit an idea or opinion. When you posit, you submit an idea or give an opinion. Scientists posit many ideas — called hypotheses — that they then try to prove or disprove through experimentation and research. In science, you hear about positing a lot, and the same is true in math and logic. When you say "If X, then Y" you're positing a proposition. Positing can also mean to put something somewhere firmly — this means to deposit, fix, or situate. 1.(v)take as a given; assume as a postulate or axiom "He posited three basic laws of nature" Synonyms: postulate In one scenario, Gellman posited that Trump would instruct federal authorities to investigate "voter fraud," while really instructing them to stop the full count. This possible future echoes the contemporary cultural fantasy surrounding big data, which posits that if we gather enough information, this will be a sufficient proxy for the self as well as for the collective. قرار دادن -ثابت کردن -فرض کردن -ادعا

prescribe

To prescribe is make orders or give directions for something to be done. These days, the word is mainly used by doctors who prescribe medications to take. Doctors do a lot of prescribing: they prescribe drugs, rest, exercise, and getting rid of bad habits like smoking. When a doctor prescribes something, he or she is saying, "You need to do this. You should do it." That's the most common use of prescribe, but it pops up anywhere someone is advising or ordering someone to do something. All laws and rules prescribe things — they tell you what to do. 1.(v)issue commands or orders for Synonyms: dictate, order He confronted his demons publicly, openly talking about his addictions, his recreational substance abuse and the prescribed pharmaceuticals that accompanied him everywhere he went. Purdue also pleaded guilty to paying illegal kickbacks to doctors who prescribed OxyContin and to an electronic health records company, Practice Fusion, for targeting physicians with alerts that were intended to increase opioid prescriptions. تجویز کردن - نسخه نوشتن

presuppose

To presuppose is to take something as a given; presupposing is like assuming. When you suppose something is true, you assume it's true; to presuppose means something similar. The pre — which means "before" — is a reminder that what you're assuming is background or pretext for something else. Asking "Want soup?" presupposes someone is hungry. Asking a woman "When is the baby due?" presupposes that she's pregnant. Presupposing can be dangerous: if your presuppositions are incorrect, you could jump to the wrong conclusion. 1.(v)take for granted or as a given; suppose beforehand "I presuppose that you have done your work" Synonyms: suppose You're right, the constitution and our system of federal law doesn't secure the peaceful succession of power, they presuppose it. That consent, however, presupposes that government is answerable to the needs and demands of its people. پیش پنداشتن - از پیش فرض کردن - در بر داشتن

proceeded

To proceed means to go or continue forward. But somehow "ready, set, proceed!" doesn't quite have the same ring to it. From the Latin procedere, meaning "go forward, advance," proceed is a verb that simply means to keep going, particularly after there's been an interruption. Synonyms include progress and advance. People who constantly interrupt make it really difficult for the conversation to proceed smoothly. And proceed with caution when crossing a busy street, but if the light turns red, you better move it fast! 1.(v)move ahead; travel onward in time or space "We proceeded towards Washington" Synonyms: continue, go forward A judge granted the Tampa Police Department's request to seize the money in a forfeiture proceeding. She also offered private lessons last summer for $15, all of the proceeds going to the foundation. اقدام کردن - رهسپار شدن - پیش رفتن - حرکت کردن -پرداختن به - ناشی شدن از

recapitulate

To recapitulate means to go back and summarize. At the end of an oral report, you might say, "So, to recapitulate, I've made three points," and then you name them. Recapitulate is a long, scary-looking word that actually means something simple and easy. It comes from the Latin re- "again" and capitulum "chapter," which comes from the word caput "head." Think of recapitulating--or recapping, for short--as putting nice little caps on all the bottles you've opened up--tightening everything up. 1.(v)summarize briefly "Let's recapitulate the main ideas" Synonyms:recap 2.(v)repeat stages of evolutionary development during the embryonic phase of life Dr. Villeda is quick to agree that pharmaceutical GPLD1, even if effective for brain health, "would not recapitulate the benefits of exercise." Such studies usually involve searching for autism-associated genes or trying to recapitulate behaviors of autism in mouse models. به طور خلاصه تکرار کردن -

release

To release something or someone is to set it free, like a caged animal or a prisoner. "I shall be released" is a famous refrain from a 1967 Bob Dylan song that has come to symbolize political freedom around the world. Release, which is a noun and a verb, has many different meanings. As a noun, it can mean a liberation, an unfastening, or the condition of being made available, like a movie or a CD. "When is the new Spiderman movie being released?" you might ask your best friend. As a verb, it can mean to relieve of suffering or obligation, like a debt. But it can also mean to lay off from a job, or surrender. "Release me from having to watch this terrible movie!" you could end up saying about the 16th Spiderman sequel. And who would blame you? 1.(v)(n)grant freedom to; free from confinement 2.(v)(n)prepare and issue for public distribution or sale 3.(v)(n)part with a possession or right 4.(n)activity that frees or expresses creative energy or emotion 5.(n)(music) the act or manner of terminating a musical phrase or tone The department eventually released reports showing 149 cases were severely mishandled. For instance, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recently issued a news release that notes that wearing masks helps both the wearer and others in the vicinity. رهایی - پخش - ترخیص- ازادی - رها کردن - منتشر ساختن -

sever

To sever something is to cut it off from the whole. If your girlfriend breaks up with you on your anniversary, you might respond by severing the blossoms off the roses you were planning to give her. (Just an idea.) Sever rhymes with ever, but it looks like the word severe, which means "harsh." The similarity between sever and severe is a good reminder to reserve sever for harsh, unpleasant circumstances. If you're trimming your fingernails, you might use the word clip, but sever wouldn't be appropriate. If, however, you somehow cut off your finger while clipping your fingernails, you're free to use the word sever — or any other word you like — on your way to the hospital. 1.(v)set or keep apart "sever a relationship" Synonyms:break up Here's an example of another way to sever ties by giving the person some more context: Communications remain almost completely severed to the Tigray region of some 6 million people, complicating efforts to verify the warring sides' claims. جدا کردن-بریدن

skew

To skew is to turn or place at an angle. When you build a house of cards, you must slightly angle, or skew each card, so structure will stand up. From the Middle English skewen ("swerve"), this verb was born to describe things in the physical world. Nowadays, though, we encounter it more informally: If you're in advertising, you might skew (target, aim) your commercials toward a particular demographic. Even before that, you may collect some statistical data on your intended audience, and then make sure that data is accurate, because bad or irrelevant info might skew (distort, inaccurately depict) the results of your research. 1.(v)turn or place at an angle "the lines on the sheet of paper are skewed" Antonyms: adjust, align, aline, line up The Shanghai tranche of the IPO was heavily skewed toward strategic and institutional investors. Those distinctions are important, networks say, because each cohort is expected to skew in different directions. انحراف - کجی- منحرف - مورب--اریب

sophisticate

To sophisticate is to make someone or something less innocent. A sophisticate is also a worldly, cultured person. The root soph in sophisticate has to do with knowledge, and if a person gets sophisticated, they learn new things, especially about the social world. Parents sophisticate their children by teaching them table manners. Going to college sophisticates many people by exposing them to new ideas and other cultures. After becoming sophisticated, people are less natural and innocent, but more cultured. A sophisticate is also a worldly person. Sophisticates do things like go to the opera and drink fine wine. 1.(n)a worldly-wise person Synonyms:man of the world "Their manners had sophisticated the young girls" I also like Society6, which offers thousands of designs, from whimsical prints and corny phrases to sophisticated illustration and photography. "The incredible scent is both subtle and sophisticated." خبره و پیشرفته - از اصالت وساختگی انداختن

stare

To stare is to fix your eyes on a subject. As hard as it might be to resist looking at them for long periods of time, it's not polite to stare at celebrities. The noun stare is a certain kind of gaze — a long, intense one. The verb to stare is the act of staring, of locking one's eyes somewhere. When one stares at something, one looks at it for a long period of time, often with great intensity and without blinking. That's why one loses a staring contest when one blinks. Try not to stare at people when they're eating. It's rude! A stare is usually more intense and creepier than a gaze. 1.(v)look at with fixed eyes "The students stared at the teacher with amazement" Synonyms: gaze Imagine staring down at a city on a clear day from atop a mountain, the highest point within 60 miles. The most mesmerizing moment of Tiger Woods's seismic 2019 Masters victory featured the intimidating stillness of a silent stare. خیره شدن

Startle

To startle is to jump, like when you're surprised. If you're sneaking through a dark room and step on a sleeping dog's tail — you might startle the dog. If she barks, that dog startles you right back! A startle is a quick, sharp movement, like a little jump that happens when you're surprised or suddenly scared. If you sneak up on your mom and say "Boo!" you'll startle her and she might jump up in her seat (before she yells at you to quit it). Alarm clocks and barking dogs often startle people. The original meaning of startle, around 1300, was "to run back and forth," from the Old English word styrtan, "to leap up." 1.(v)surprise greatly Synonyms: ball over, blow out of the water, floor, shock, take aback Representatives from Oakland animal services attempted to re-train Gerald to fear humans - a regimen that involved, among other things, startling him with swiftly opened umbrellas - but to no avail. No charges were filed after his girlfriend was uncooperative, reportedly telling prosecutors that the first arrest was "a big misunderstanding" and blaming the second incident on herself for startling Schroder as he slept. وحشت زده - تکان دادن - از جا پریدن - جهش

refugees

To take refuge is to find a safe place. You might take refuge under a bridge in a hail storm, or in a basement during a tornado. Refuge comes from a French word meaning "to flee," and, in most cases, a refuge is a place to flee to in order to get away from people or places that are unsafe. A refuge is a safe place, such as a building or even another country, as in "they sought refuge from the war by leaving their homeland," or it is a simple, personal place of comfort — like a friend's couch 1.(n)something or someone turned to for assistance or security "took refuge in lying" Synonyms: recourse, resort, safety, asylum, sanctuary He found a refuge from his parents in entertainment, working as an extra at the old Vita graph movie studio across the street from his home. مهاجر . پناهنده سیاسی

thrive

To thrive is to do well or flourish. If your new cookie delivery business thrives, you'll be rolling in dough — not literally, of course. The verb thrive means to flourish or grow vigorously, and it can be applied to something like a business or to something or someone's actual health. Plants can thrive in a greenhouse, and children can thrive if they eat well and exercise. Thriving can also be used more figuratively — "The women thrived on gossip; they loved knowing who was dating or divorcing whom." 1.(v)make steady progress; be at the high point in one's career or reach a high point in historical significance or importance "The new student is thriving" Synonyms: flourish, fly high, prosper Indiana thrived when it pushed the tempo and got into the open floor - and into the paint. Indiana thrived when it pushed the tempo and got into the open floor — and into the paint. رشد کردن - رونق یافتن - موفق - شکوفا

underestimate

To underestimate is to guess that something is worth less or is smaller than it really is. You might underestimate the size of a one-pound hamburger until you realize it's too big to fit in your stomach. When you "estimate" you take a guess at something, and when you underestimate, your guess falls short or below. If you underestimate how much something costs, you might show up at a store without enough money, and if you underestimate the strength of an opponent who is small, you might find yourself on the ground wondering what hit you. Often when we "assume" something, we make a guess based on how things appear — that's one way to underestimate. 1.(v)make too low an estimate of "he underestimated the work that went into the renovation" "Don't underestimate the danger of such a raft trip on this river" Synonyms: underrate Antonyms: overestimate, overrate Benaissa doesn't underestimate the "ideological offensive" of political Islam, but says a ferocious public debate is reducing Islam to a single fear. "Even if parents quickly return to work, I wouldn't underestimate the psychological toll unemployment takes, particularly in the context of the pandemic." دست کم گرفتن -کم اهمیت -تخمین کم

undermine

To undermine literally means to dig a hole underneath something, making it likely to collapse. But we more often use the word to describe sabotage or the act of weakening someone else's efforts. Originally spelled with a 'y' instead of an 'i', undermine has Germanic roots and means "to weaken, hinder, or impair." Accidentally undermine the foundation of a house by digging a tunnel to China beneath it and you might be forgiven. Undermine your teacher's authority by speaking out of turn and throwing spitballs and odds are you'll get in trouble. 1.(v)destroy property or hinder normal operations Synonyms: counteract, countermine, sabotage, subvert, weaken 2.(v)hollow out as if making a cave or opening Foreign ministry spokesperson Wang Wenbin said the sale of $600 million in armed drones to the island "brutally interferes in China's internal affairs and seriously undermines China's sovereignty and security interests." Trump would intensify his quest to expand fossil fuels, undermine climate science and rescind environmental protections. تحلیل بردن - نقب زدن -از زیر خراب کردن

underpin

To underpin is to justify or support the ideas behind something, the way your extensive research underpins your self-published book on ice cream trucks in the United States. Whenever you substantiate someone's claims, theories, or stories, you underpin them. A slightly different way to underpin is to form the basis or foundation of something: "A philosophy of empathy and kindness underpins all the interactions at my wonderful summer camp." This verb can also be used in a more literal way, to mean "support from below," the way the foundation of a house underpins everything that's built on top of it. 1.(v)support with evidence or authority or make more certain or confirm Synonyms: bear out, corroborate, support But it is a microcosm of what underpins Trump's support in rural areas, with gun rights and social- conservative issues at the top of voters' minds. Some Tory MPs called for more transparency on the scientific data underpinning the decision, whilst others called for a rethink on a planned ban on golf and tennis. پی ریزس کردن - پشتیبانی کردن - پی بندی کردن

wallow

To wallow is to roll about in something, as a pig wallows in mud or a billionaire wallows in money. Wallow can be used to describe a physical action or an emotional state. If you cry "Woe is me!" one too many times, you might be accused of wallowing in self-pity. Because of its association with the much-maligned pig, wallow often has a negative, insulting tone. So, rather than wallowing in that pile of money once you've won the lottery, try bathing or wading in it instead. 1.(v)(n)roll around, "pigs were wallowing in the mud" Synonyms: welter 2.(v)rise up as if in waves 3.(v)be ecstatic with joy People who "want to flee not just their homes but the reality of 2020" are wallowing in online home listings to daydream about alternate realities, my colleague Taylor Lorenz reported. Arguably, rural Iowa votes in a way that wallows in resentment of urban success, and urban Iowa looks on with indifference as rural schools consolidate and small-town main streets wither. غلیطیدن - در گل ولای غلط زدن -

torn

Torn things have been pulled apart or ripped. Things can be literally torn, like a torn piece of paper, or figuratively torn — like your torn heart when you have to take sides in a family feud. You can serve a salad full of torn lettuce leaves, or mend a stuffed animal with a torn ear. In both cases, something has been divided by force, or pulled apart. It's also possible to be emotionally torn, or conflicted between two choices, options, or people: "I'm torn between going to the party or staying home and reading my library book." Either way, torn things are difficult (and sometimes impossible) to repair. 1.(adj)disrupted by the pull of contrary forces "torn between love and hate" "torn by conflicting loyalties" "torn by religious dissensions" Synonyms: divided The Star Tribune reports a statue of Washington was torn from its base in Washburn Fair Oaks Park and splashed with paint. The aftermath revealed torn placards and raw guts strewn across the floor. پاره شده - تکه تکه - چاک چاک

turnout

Turnout means the total number of people who show up to vote or gather for an event. The success of democratic elections depends on voter turnout — how many people actually get out and vote. Voter turnout is crucial in an election, but turnout is not always about politics. When ballet dancers talk about turnout, they're referring to their ability to rotate their legs outward from the hips down to the toes. A turnout is also a place in the road where cars can turn around. 1.(n)attendance for a particular event or purpose (as to vote in an election) "the turnout for the rally" 2.(n)a part of a road that has been widened to allow cars to pass or park Synonyms: widening 3.(n)(ballet) the outward rotation of a dancer's leg from the hip 4.(n)what is produced in a given time period 5.(n)a set of clothing (with accessories) The antagonistic relationship helped push many athletes into social and political activism, including several who participated in voter registration and turnout drives. Consider turnout in the "battleground states" of Florida, 71 percent; North Carolina, 71 percent; Michigan, 73 percent; Wisconsin, 76 percent; and Pennsylvania, 69 percent. شرکت کنندگان - گردهمایی - تعداد حضار - بخش عریض جاده -

ultimately

Ultimately means "at the very end of the process." Your strategy of robbing banks with a water gun worked a few times, but ultimately it was unsuccessful. Use ultimately when you want to stress that there are many different elements of something, but in the end there's one clear conclusion. The city parks department might listen to everyone's ideas for what to do with that empty lot, but ultimately they'll do whatever they think will serve the city best. Ultimately comes from the Latin ultimāre, meaning, lying at the very end. 1.(adv)as the end result of a succession or process "ultimately he had to give in" Synonyms:at last, at long last, finally, in the end The veteran forward Trevor Ariza was traded three times last week — from Portland to Houston to Detroit and ultimately to Oklahoma City. What currency would an independent Scotland ultimately use? دست اخر- سرانجام - پایان

undergo

Undergo means "endure until something is complete." You might undergo testing to check your hearing or undergo special training if you want to volunteer at a homeless shelter. The verb undergo means "experience" or "undertake." It is often used to describe medical procedures, such as, an injured quarterback who will undergo shoulder surgery. The word implies that it is something that has to happen so that a positive change occurs, like healing in the case of the quarterback or greater communication skills for a hot-tempered person who undergoes anger management training. 1.(v)pass through "undergo a strange sensation" Travelers also would undergo one more test at Rome's airport before departing for the United States. Egyptian military officials denied Lami was among a batch of Iraqi officers undergoing training in Egypt. دیدن - تحمل کردن - متحمل چیزی شدن

unity

Unity is being together or at one with someone or something. It's the opposite of being divided. This is a word for togetherness or oneness. When the north won the Civil War, it assured the unity of the United States. Sports teams wear uniforms to show unity, and their fans wear team colors for the same reason. When a bunch of people act as one and are on the same page, they're displaying unity. When people are bickering and disorganized, there's no unity. In any group or cause, unity can be hard to find and maintain. 1.(n)an undivided or unbroken completeness or totality with nothing wanting "he took measures to insure the territorial unity of Croatia" Synonyms: integrity, wholeness 2.(n)the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number Synonyms: 1, I, ace, one, single But he hit notes of unity, seemingly aimed at cooling the temperature of a heated, divided nation. "Time for unity. Time to face our common enemy." پیوستگی - وحدت - یگانگی - شماره یک

cordial

Use cordial to describe a relationship that is friendly and sincere but not overly close. A cordial greeting is perfectly pleasant but doesn't involve lots of hugging or excessive emotion. You might have cordial relationships with most of the kids in your close, but only confide in your closest friends. In Middle English, this adjective meant "of the heart," borrowed from medieval Latin cordiālis, from Latin cor, "heart." This core sense of "heart" can be seen in the synonyms heartfelt and hearty. The noun cordial originally referred to a medicine or drink that stimulates the heart, but its current sense is "a liqueur." 1.(adj)politely warm and friendly "a cordial handshake" Synonyms :warm 2.(n)strong highly flavored sweet liquor usually drunk after a meal Synonyms: liqueur Now, with British solidarity giving way to angry divisions over the government's lockdown policies, the cordial tone of those briefings would most likely be replaced by the cut-and-thrust of everyday political coverage. On the sidewalk, there was a cordial goodbye, a forced hug initiated by me. خوش روی - صمیمانه - خوش قلب - خون گرم

exquisite

Use exquisite to mean finely or delicately made or done. When you say someone has exquisite taste, you mean that they are able to make fine distinctions. Exquisite describes something that is lovely, beautiful, or excellent. Exquisite pain or agony is very sharp and intense. Exquisite is from Middle English exquisit, from Latin exquisitus, from exquirere "to search out." 1.(adj)delicately beautiful "an exquisite cameo" Synonyms: dainty , delicate The most moving sequence of the film might be former Mothers percussionist Ruth Underwood performing one of Zappa's most exquisite and difficult compositions, "The Black Page." The woman's grace evoked an exquisite romanticism, and she commanded attention as though she were a principal dancer on the Lincoln Center stage. زیبا - ممتاز -بطور ظریف

convivial

Use the adjective convivial to describe your friend who is "the life of the party." The Latin word convivium means "a feast," and when convivial was first coined in the 1660s, its meaning related to the excess of food and drink during such celebrations. You can also see convivial in convivere, meaning "to carouse together." Just when it seemed all convivial could ever do was describe people who overindulge, a new shade of meaning emerged: loving to be around people. After all, a big part of feasting is being with people you care about. 1.(adj)occupied with or fond of the pleasures of good company "a convivial atmosphere at the reunion" "a woman of convivial nature" Synonyms: good-time or some in search of a convivial drink as their options narrow, laughter is one answer. Maya and I both grew up in convivial, food-loving families — hers is Italian and Japanese, mine is basically the one in the movie "Soul Food," so this is our element. جشنی - وابسته به جشن و عشرت

elaborate

Use the adjective elaborate when you want to describe how something is very detailed or especially complicated, like a devilish prank planned out weeks in advance. The adjective elaborate is used to describe when something is planned with a lot of attention to detail or when something is intricate or detailed itself. The word comes from the Latin elaborare, which means "to produce by labor" but it has come to mean a lot of labor, especially work that is very complicated and precise. To imagine this word, think of a painting with lots of flourishes or a story with many sub-plots and characters that all fit together in extensive ways. 1.(adj)(v)marked by complexity and richness of detail an elaborate lace pattern" Synonyms: luxuriant, ornate 2.(v)produce from basic elements or sources; change into a more developed product "She elaborated on the main ideas in her dissertation" Synonyms: dilate, enlarge, expand, expatiate, exposit, expound, flesh out, lucubrate Antonyms: abbreviate, abridge, contract, cut, foreshorten, reduce, shorten Authorities arrested the man inside, who appeared in an "abnormal" condition, the agency said, without elaborating. "During his teenage years, he was involved in common law cases for violence," he said, without elaborating. با جزییات شرح دادن - پیچیده -دقیق- حساس

lament

Use the adjective lamented to talk fondly about someone who's died. You might describe your favorite elementary school teacher as "my dear lamented Mrs. McGinty." Lamented is often used in the phrase "late lamented," which implies that the person you're talking about is dead and that you really miss him or her. Inanimate objects can also be lamented, like the neighborhood book shop that closed, or a magazine you used to read that is no longer in print. The root Latin word is lamentationem, which describes wailing, moaning, and weeping. 1.(adj)mourned or grieved for ""the imprint of our wise and lamented friend"- A.E.Stevenson" Antonyms :unlamented, unmourned Jacob Schindel, president of the Gettysburg Borough Council, lamented the extent to which demonstrators on both sides appear to be talking past each other. Beasley lamented unequal treatment for Blacks by North Carolina's criminal justice system. غر زدن سوگواری کردن - تاسف خوردن -زاریدن

ossified

Use the adjective ossified to describe someone who's become stuck in his ways. You might feel that your uncle has become an ossified suburban soccer dad, set in his unbending view of the world and comfortable lifestyle. When your habits or views have solidified into inflexible patterns — especially if those views are conservative — you can describe yourself as ossified. It's not a compliment to call someone ossified, since it implies an inability to change or bend or even to consider another person's viewpoint. The root is ossify, "to turn into bone," from the Latin word for "bone," os. 1.(adj)set in a rigidly conventional pattern of behavior, habits, or beliefs "an ossified bureaucratic system" Synonyms: fossilised, fossilized America's capitalism at its base flows from nothing but good luck compounded by avarice, then ossified by inheritance. "The way I see it is our entire bureaucracy that's supposed to deal with public health responses to pandemics is ossified and sclerotic and really slow," he said. سخت - استخوانی شدن - استخوانی کردن - سخت کردن -تغییر نکردن

perpetual

Use the adjective perpetual to describe something that never ends or changes. If you're a perpetual procrastinator, your dilly-dallying ways are never going to improve. It may be true that the only constant is change, but English nevertheless has no shortage of words to describe things that never change: everlasting, eternal, and permanent, for example — and this word, perpetual, from the Latin perpetuus, "continuous." In casual usage, though, you might hear someone say "This perpetual bad weather needs to clear." Maybe it should come as no surprise to find people using the word to describe things that are not truly everlasting — since so few things really are. 1.(adj)continuing forever or indefinitely "hell's perpetual fires" Synonyms: aeonian, ageless, eonian, eternal, everlasting, unceasing, unending His focus is always on his players and their perpetual quest to improve. Acta, a perpetual candidate for open managerial positions, returns for his sixth season with the Mariners and his fourth as the third-base coach. ابدی - همیشگی

rife

Use the adjective rife to mean "full of" or "widespread," especially when you're talking about something negative. If the lifeguard says the water is rife with jellyfish, you're not going to want to swim in it. Not to be confused with the word ripe ("fully developed"), rife means "abundant" or "prevalent." Rife can follow the word it's describing, as in "corruption was rife during his administration." More commonly, however, rife comes before the word it modifies, accompanied by the preposition with, as in "the class was rife with yawns" or "her story was rife with inconsistencies." 1.(adj)excessively abundant Synonyms: overabundant, plethoric, abundant present in great quantity This forces them to rely on a system that she characterized as a patchwork, rife with barriers to access. All feedback is welcome at [email protected], or on Twitter, too, where my contributions are only very rarely blocked for being rife with disinformation. مملو - شایع - پر - متداول - زیاد - عادی

acutely

Use the adverb acutely to mean sharply or intensely. If your teacher reads your poem in front of the entire class, you may feel proud — or you might be acutely embarrassed. In medicine, acutely is used to emphasize the seriousness of a condition or injury: "She is acutely allergic to antibiotics, so be sure to write that on her chart." Otherwise, you can use this adverb for anything that's especially vivid, like when you're acutely aware that everyone in the room is staring at your purple hat, or intensely unpleasant, like your little brother's acutely annoying whine. The Latin root, acutus, means "sharp or pointed." 1.(adv)in an acute manner "she pitied her sister acutely" "acutely aware" 2.(adv)having a rapid onset "an acutely debilitating virus" Now more than ever, many of us are acutely aware of how medicine and the philosophies of doctors shape our lives. But the loss was felt most acutely in Argentina, where Maradona hovered somewhere between man and deity. بشدت - بزیرکی -

patently

Use the adverb patently when you want to emphasize something as clearly obvious. For example, you might say "It's patently clear that you hate spinach." It might be patently obvious to you that your roommate forgot to take out the trash, or patently absurd that your brother thinks he will have a long, successful career as a street magician and fire juggler. Either way, the word patently serves to emphasize how apparent or clear your observation is. The Latin root of patently makes its meaning patently clear: patere means "lie open" or "be open." 1.(adv)unmistakably "it is all patently nonsense" Synonyms: apparently, evidently, manifestly, obviously, plain, plainly What's more, they don't want to risk court sanctions under Rule 11 for making patently unsupportable allegations. At a Senate hearing, Wolf called this allegation "patently false." اشکار - به وضوح

apathy

Use the noun apathy when someone isn't interested in the important things that are happening. You might feel apathy for the political process after watching candidates bicker tediously with one another. Although apathy is a lazy-sounding word indicating a lack of interest, action, or emotion, it has traveled through many languages to arrive in English. From the Greek apatheia, "freedom from suffering" or "impassibility," apathy has existed in English since the 17th century. Not just one person, but a whole segment of the population can be accused of inaction or emotional detachment: the expressions voter apathy, student apathy, and consumer apathy show just how unenthusiastic groups of people can be. 1.(n)an absence of emotion or enthusiasm Changing business models, big-tech monopolies, public apathy, newspaper chains and hedge funds all threaten the vitality of the local free press. There is, however, growing apathy, and deep resentment among ethnic minorities. بی علاقگی - بی عاطفگی -بی حسی

Aphorism

Use the noun aphorism when you have something compact and astute to say, such as "People who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones." An aphorism is a statement or saying that is both efficiently presented and either witty or wise. While there are loads of trite and silly statements, a good aphorism is supposed to stand the test of time and remain true and elegant — a very difficult task! Friedrich Schlegel even wrote an aphorism about aphorisms: "An aphorism ought to be entirely isolated from the surrounding world like a little work of art and complete in itself like a hedgehog." 1.(n)a short pithy instructive saying Synonyms: apophthegm, apothegm It's typical of the often acerbic aphorisms that are Holzer's hallmark. Periodically, pictures abruptly stop and simple aphorisms and familiar slogans turn up printed across the screen in blunt, sans-serif type پند و موعظه -کلمات قصار -پند -سخن کوتاه

bias

Use the noun bias to mean a preference for one thing over another, especially an unfair one. Some biases are completely innocent: "I have a bias toward French wines." But most often, bias is used to describe unfair prejudices: "The authorities investigated a case involving bias against Latinos." It is also a verb meaning "to show prejudice for or against," as in "They claimed the tests were biased against women." (In British English, it takes an extra S in the forms biassed and biassing.) The word goes back at least to Old Provençal, a former language of southern France, in association with the sport of lawn bowling, where it referred to the tendency of a ball to roll in one direction or the other. 1.(n)(v)a partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation Synonyms: preconception, prejudice 2.(n)(adj)a line or cut across a fabric that is not at right angles to a side of the fabric Synonyms: diagonal At a time when the country is grappling with systemic bias in core societal institutions, we need technology to reduce health disparities, not exacerbate them. Though the staff always knew the website's founders were conservative and harbored strong views about liberal media bias, several said they never felt any pressure from above to slant their stories. تعصب - پیشقدر - سینه کش - تحت تاثیر قرار دادن - تبغیض کردن

mislead

Use the verb mislead to describe what you're doing when you don't tell the whole truth, or when you let someone believe something false. You mislead someone when you point them in the wrong direction, literally or metaphorically. If you let your cousin think an expensive gift is from you when you actually just sent her a card, you are misleading her. And if you give a tourist directions away from the chain restaurant he's looking for, you are misleading him. Finally, if you think this doesn't really count as lying, you're misleading yourself. 1.(v)lead someone in the wrong direction or give someone wrong directions Synonyms:lead astray, misdirect, misguide One reason police failed to arrest Mr. Sutcliffe earlier was because senior officers were misled by a hoax tape and letters from someone claiming to be the ripper. According to The Washington Post, Trump averages 50 lies or misleading claims per day. گمراه کردن - فریب دادن

repel

Use the verb repel when you want to turn something away. You might drench yourself in bug spray to repel the mosquitoes that plague you when you go camping. This versatile word can be used in relation to everything from bugs to unwanted romantic advances. The word repel can be used to describe the act of driving something away, as in the case of bugs or other pesky critters, including potential suitors. It can also be used to describe something that causes disgust or distaste. For example, the thought of eating snails might repel you. 1.(v)force or drive back "repel the attacker" Synonyms: drive back, fight off, rebuff, repulse The expression refers to maneuvering and making waves around a dinghy to repel it. The main thrust was to constantly remind students of China's "century of humiliation," and the Communist Party's role in repelling foreign powers and restoring national sovereignty. two like electrical charges repel one another عقب نشاندن - دفع کردن - جلوگیری کردن از

darling

Use the word darling for someone you love or care for deeply. Your sweet old grandmother probably calls you darling. You can describe someone as being your darling, or address them that way: "I missed you so much while I was working on that fishing boat, darling!" Another way to use the word is for a generally lovable person: "Everyone adores Timmy, he's such a darling." The Old English root is deorling, a diminutive of deor, "dear." 1.(n)a special loved one Synonyms: dearie, deary, ducky, favorite, favourite, pet The Indiana native is a darling of conservative Republicans for his opposition to abortion rights and passionate support for deregulation of business. Mild scares don't dampen joys of darling origin story. عزیز - محبوب

utmost

Utmost means "the greatest extent or amount." When you work as hard as you possibly can, you do your utmost to accomplish your goal. Whenever something is the most, it can be described as the utmost. If a message is of the utmost importance, it's as important as it possibly can be. Any time you want to really want to emphasize that you believe in something more than anything else or truly intend to do something, do your utmost to use the word utmost. 1.(adj)highest in extent or degree Synonyms:last "As medical professionals, we believe the utmost disease prevention is also the best economic measure." We are, however, urging people to use the utmost caution and, simply, be sensible. بیشترین - حداکثر -

suspicious

V Suspicious behavior inspires distrust. Prancing around your backyard in a trench coat and fake mustache during daylight might elicit weird looks from your neighbors; do it at night, though, so that your silhouette glides past their windows, and what appeared innocent enough hours before will quickly transition to suspicious. Use this adjective to describe a behavior or event that arouses doubt or mistrust. How to avoid appearing suspicious? Well, for one, stop pausing mid-conversation to take covert notes in that little journal of yours. And two, don't wear sunglasses indoors, and don't try to walk without making a sound. That will make people cagey, which is a synonym for suspicious. Other synonyms include apprehensive, doubtful, wary, and watchful. 1.(adj)openly distrustful and unwilling to confide Synonyms: leery, mistrustful, untrusting, wary Hawkins knew competitors checking updates on the contest website would be suspicious. Fire officials are calling the fire suspicious and said the state fire marshal is investigating. مشکوک - بدگمان - ظنین - حاکی از بدگمانی

vacillate

Vacillate means to waver back and forth, unable to decide. You might vacillate between ordering waffles and pancakes at your favorite diner — it's hard to pick just one when both are so tasty! Something that vacillates sways or fluctuates, often quite unsteadily. So use this verb to describe the staggering motions of a person who has had too much to drink, as well as the opinions of someone who can't make up her mind. Synonyms include vibrate, hesitate, and waver. A wise Ethiopian proverb advises, "Do not vacillate or you will be left in between doing something, having something, and being nothing." 1.(v)be undecided about something; waver between conflicting positions or courses of action Synonyms: hover, oscillate, vibrate Romantically, he vacillated between two students: a man and a woman. "People get led astray on a night like last night by vacillating space needles," says Jesse Ferguson, a former Hillary Clinton spokesman. تلو تلو خوردن - دل دل کردن - تردید داشتن

debatable

We know the sky is blue and the earth has one moon. But is there life on other planets? Such a question is debatable, meaning it is subject to disagreement or doubt. If you've ever seen politicians or anyone else have a debate, then you already have a pretty good idea of what debatable means. Something is debatable if there's reason to doubt it. If you say you're going to play in the NBA someday, but you're very short, your plans are debatable. Many issues, like how to create more jobs, are debatable because there isn't one correct answer to them. 1.(adj)open to doubt or debate Synonyms: problematic, problematical Whether "Promesa" is best described as a video game or a piece of interactive art is debatable. Whether Trump's North Korea gambit ever moved beyond square one is debatable. قابل دعوا - مورد گفتگو

enervating

What do standing out in the cold rain, a pile of homework, and an emotional breakdown all have in common? They're enervating: in other words, they completely drain you of physical and emotional energy. A little different from similar words like debilitating or enfeebling, which primarily suggest physical fatigue; the wonderful enervating implies all that plus the terrible erosion of your soul. Not surprisingly, enervate is derived from the Latin enervatus, meaning "to weaken." 1.(adj)causing weakness or debilitation Synonyms: debilitative, enfeebling, weakening In truth, as Toll implies, the MacArthur-Nimitz competition was never as enervating to the war effort against Japan as the American-British competition was in Europe. But despite the talent involved, and the incredible subject matter, the irritating tendency to overexplain means there's very little spark to be found in the enervating "Radioactive." بی اثر - بی رگ-بی حال - جسما مریض-ناتوان کردن انزژی چیزی را گرفتن

celestial

What is the difference between a celestial being and a celestial body? The first is something living such as an alien or an angel, whereas the latter is an inanimate object such as a star or a planet. Both, however, are from the sky. The word celestial is primarily used to describe things that have to do with the heavens such as angels, spirits, stars and planets. It does not come from words meaning God or soul though, but from the Latin word for sky caelestis, which also gave rise to the word ceiling. So really, all you have to do is look up and you'll remember what celestial means — whether you're inside or outside. 1.(adj)relating to or inhabiting a divine heaven "celestial beings" Synonyms: heavenly Every year her father whisked her and her family away to the beach to celebrate under the celestial fireworks. The organisation is expecting a lot of excitement around the celestial event. آسمانی - ملکوتی -فلکی

forthright

When a person is being forthright, they're being direct, clear, or even straight-up. The opposite of forthright might be evasive, shifty, indirect, or circuitous. But we're not here to talk about those. We're here to talk about forthright. For the most part, people really appreciate it when others are forthright. It's so much easier to understand what someone wants when they just come out and say it. However, being direct and honest and saying what you really mean isn't easy for everyone. For some reason, a lot of us can be embarrassed to say what we want, and we spend our entire lives learning how to be forthright. A simple way to remember what forthright means is this: if you bring it "forth," it will be "right." 1.(adv)directly and without evasion; not roundabout "spoke forthright (or forthrightly) and to the point" Synonyms:forthrightly, squarely While most thought an invasion was a bad idea, Mr. Pope was especially forthright, saying it would be a "total disaster." When asked about his inspiration, Ellison, now 7, was forthright: "I like chickens. I like pirates." بی محابا - رک - بی درنگ

spill

When liquids spill, they accidentally flow or dribble out of a container. You can also spill solid objects, like when you slip and spill the contents of your backpack all over the sidewalk. When you spill your hot chocolate, the spot it makes where it lands is a spill. The act of spilling it is a spill too: "Sorry about the spill, Grandma." You can take a spill yourself, like when you tumble to the ground from your bike. Spill also means "talk," especially in the context of "spill the beans" or "spill your guts," both basically meaning "tell the whole truth." 1.(v)(n)liquid that is spilled "The milk spilled across the floor" "The wine spilled onto the table" Synonyms:run out 2.(v)reveal information 3.(v)reduce the pressure of wind on (a sail) The department also demands that Electron Hydro remove all remaining fill and pollutants from its spill. When the teacher asked if she meant to spill it, in a small act of rebellion against their contempt, she told them it was "accidentally on purpose". سراریز شدن - ریختن - ریزش

conservatism

When people discuss politics and mention the word conservatism, they're talking about a philosophy that favors making few changes in society, sticking with traditions, and often spending as little money as possible. Conservatism is most often used to describe the beliefs of right-wing politicians and the people who tend to vote for them. There are some who practice fiscal conservatism — which focuses on reducing spending and cutting budgets — while being more liberal socially. Social conservatism tends to favor things like traditional roles for women and men, and to object to major changes in society like same sex marriage. A person who embraces conservatism is called a conservative. 1.(n)a political or theological orientation advocating the preservation of the best in society and opposing radical changes Synonyms: conservativism Still, the conservatism of Harper's family is as plain to see as their neatly lined bookshelves, magazine-ready living room and sometimes wearyingly stuffy traditions. This presents a challenge to those of us on the progressive side who in the past respected conservatism as a coherent and morally serious worldview. محافظه کاری کردن - سیاست محافظه کار

trepidation

When plain old "fear" isn't enough to get across a deep feeling of dread about something on the horizon, use the more formal word trepidation. "It was with a certain trepidation that I attended an advance screening of Rob Zombie's Halloween in Hollywood last night," wrote a film reviewer. Some dictionaries note that trepidation carries connotations of apprehension about an upcoming threat. In most cases, though, you can get by with the simpler word fear — why use three syllables when you could make do with one? The word comes from the Latin verb trepidare, "to tremble." 1.(n)a feeling of alarm or dread There was an overwhelming sense of trepidation as this would be my first time living and surviving on my own, never mind all the myths and legends which surround Cambridge. Staring with some trepidation at the red-brick elementary school, the man asked the teenager what he was supposed to do next. بیم هراس- لرزش- وحشت - اشفتگی اظطراب-ترس

surreptitious

When someone behaves in a surreptitious way, they're being secretive. They're doing something that they don't want to be seen doing. While surreptitious means secret, it has the added sense of "sneaky" or "hidden." During the Jewish Passover meal of Seder, an adult will surreptitiously place a piece of matzoh somewhere in the house for the children to hunt for later in the meal. You'll see surreptitious applied mostly to actions, rather than to things or ideas. We do things surreptitiously. The members of the secret society hold surreptitious meetings because, well, they're a secret society. I was very surreptitious in how I organized the surprise party: she never knew! 1.(adj)marked by quiet and caution and secrecy; taking pains to avoid being observed "a surreptitious glance at his watch" Synonyms:furtive, sneak, sneaky, stealthy "These proprietary algorithms are intentionally surreptitious and allow companies to dial down pay." Last week, the National Association of Scholars doubled down by calling on the Pulitzer board to revoke Hannah-Jones's prize, taking particular aim at "surreptitious efforts" to alter it post-publication. خرافاتی - موهوم - خرافات پرست

comprise

When something comprises other things, it is made up of them or formed from them. The periodic table comprises 118 elements, because the whole comprises the parts. In its traditional use, the word comprise is the opposite of compose: if A comprises X, Y, and Z, then X, Y, and Z compose A. But because compose and comprise sound so much alike, people have long confused the two. So now you often hear things like "The band is comprised of a guitarist, a bassist, and a hairy drummer," whereas sticklers would prefer "is composed of" in that sentence. The word is undergoing a usage shift, making it just as hairy as that drummer! 1.(v)be composed of "The land he conquered comprised several provinces" Synonyms: consist Today racial minorities comprise 52 percent of the inmates awaiting execution at the federal penitentiary in Terre Haute, Indiana, a figure only slightly lower than the 55 percent found on state death rows. For Democrats going forward, a central question is who comprises their bench beyond O'Rourke and the Castros. در برداشتن - شامل بودن -

pout

When something doesn't go your way and you get annoyed about it, that's a pout. And when you let the world know about it by thrusting out your lower lip, you are pouting. Get over it. When you pout, you're expressing annoyance or displeasure. It's a sulky kind of gesture, one that involves a facial expression more than words — in fact, a pout is often accompanied by a moody silence. The verb form of pout describes the action, and the noun form describes the facial expression. Maybe it's not a coincidence that a pout is also a type of fish. Pouting faces are a bit fish-like in their expressions. 1.(v)(n)be in a huff and display one's displeasure "She is pouting because she didn't get what she wanted" Synonyms: brood, sulk 2.(n)marine eellike mostly bottom-dwelling fishes of northern seas "If I don't win, the award show loses credibility," he pouted. He also didn't just sit around and pout. اخم کردن-لبو لوچه را جمع کردن - اخم و تخم - لب ورچیدن

evolve

When something evolves, it changes, or develops over time, like your taste in music and clothes, which evolve as you get older. Evolve comes from the Latin word ēvolvere, "to unroll," the perfect image to keep in mind when thinking of this verb. When something is unrolling or unraveling, it is doing so gradually, not all at once. Evolve describes a development that is taking its time to reach its final destination. Think change with a speed limit. Your taste in music evolved from the nursery rhymes you loved as a little kid to whatever you like today. Even places can evolve, like the old-fashioned coffee shops that evolved into Internet cafes as people began to bring their laptops with them. 1.(v)undergo development or evolution "Modern man evolved a long time ago" Most dramatic were the changes in his voice: his monotone drone evolved into something more expressive, with better inflection and intonation. "Difference here appears to be continuing positive tests on one team. Precedent and policies evolving each week." در اوردن - بیرون دادن - گشادن - نمو کردن تکامل یافتن

apace

When something happens apace, it happens quickly. You could say that despite the rain, your house painting project is still continuing apace. You're most likely to see the adverb apace describing some kind of work, and it's usually paired up with the verb continue. A harried theater director might insist that progress on the new play continues apace, or you might notice that your next door neighbor's chicken coop construction is continuing apace, progressing rapidly. The literal meaning of the 14th century phrase a pace was "at a pace," or "at a good pace." 1.(adv)with rapid movements Synonyms: chop-chop, quickly, rapidly, speedily The early goals in this timeline were accomplished apace: He got into Syracuse. It will be interesting to see if, as the pandemic continues apace, Dry January is popular in 2021. بی درنک - باشتاب - باتندی - با سرعت

acme

When something is at the very peak of perfection, reach for this noun from Greek: acme. A brilliant violinist might reach the acme of her career, but eventually she might become unstrung. This noun referring to the highest point of something might sound comical because it has shown up so often in cartoons as the name of a company, such as the one that makes Wile E. Coyote's contraptions in the old Warner Brothers cartoons. But the word is actually a serious-minded import from Greek. Near synonyms for high points include zenith, summit, pinnacle, apex, and peak, but acme has a special nuance for an ultimate point of perfection. 1.(n)the highest point (of something) Synonyms :apex, peak, vertex It still looks like a kind of summit point, an acme of Klopp-era Liverpool, with every working part in sync. Both prizes mark an important moment for women in architecture, but also a professional acme for the architects, a decidedly low-key duo in a field known for its gassy bombast. اوج -سر - قله - بحران

palpable

When something is palpable, you can touch or handle it, even though the word is often used to describe things that usually can't be handled or touched, such as emotions or sensations. You probably won't see palpable used to describe, say, an egg or a doorknob or a motorcycle. Palpable is usually reserved for situations in which something invisible becomes so intense that it feels as though it has substance or weight. Someone who has experienced a death in the family might say that her grief feels palpable. 1.(adj)capable of being perceived; especially capable of being handled or touched or felt "a barely palpable dust" "felt sudden anger in a palpable wave" "the air was warm and close-- palpable as cotton" "a palpable lie" Synonyms: tangible "This is perhaps the first time in the history of the United States that the excitement associated with our incoming vice president is as palpable as that of our incoming president," she said. The energy and enthusiasm for his campaign was palpable. قابل لمس - واضح - حس کردنی - اشکار -

tantamount

When something is tantamount to another thing it is essentially its equivalent. For some animal activists, wearing fur is tantamount to murder. Tantamount often refers to an action or thing being compared to another greater action or quality, as in, "Missing your finals is tantamount to dropping out of college." While the two sides are essentially equal, you would not say, "Dropping out of school is tantamount to missing your finals." A related word is paramount, which means "the highest" or "primary." 1.(adj)being essentially equal to something "his statement was tantamount to an admission of guilt" Synonyms: equivalent Ignoring the reality of white supremacy is tantamount to wanton endangerment. We'd been primed to expect something tantamount to a cone of silence, or the sonic equivalent of a trapdoor, when Trump shouted over the other folks on stage. معادل - برابر - همکف

Impropriety

When the boss's husband shows up at a formal dinner party and proceeds to stuff his pockets full of hors d'oeuvres, no one dares to mention his impropriety above a whisper, especially to the boss. Impropriety is a violation of a rule of behavior, manners, or etiquette. So while it is fitting and proper to wear a bikini top and a sarong to the beach, to do so at church would be considered an impropriety. Some find a bit of impropriety charming. Somerset Maugham went so far as to say, "Impropriety is the soul of wit." 1.(n)the condition of being improper A judge rejected the suit after finding "no evidence" of impropriety. While the former Michigan secretary of state said she is deeply concerned about claims of election improprieties, she added that does not believe they would change overall results. بی مناسبتی - نا شایستگی

wilt

When things droop from heat, lack of water, or illness, they wilt. If you go on vacation for two weeks and forget to water your plants first, they will wilt. The vegetables in your garden will wilt if they're attacked by slugs or don't get enough moisture — and people can be said to wilt too, especially when they're limp and weak from exhaustion. A long walk on the hottest day of summer can make you wilt. Wilt was most likely first spelled welk, from the Middle Dutch word welken, "to wither or become soft." 1.(v)become limp "The flowers wilted" Synonyms: droop Instead of wilting when leading by 11 in the second half, as they did in a 22-21 loss to the Eagles on Oct. I wilt them down in quite a lot of butter, with salt, and then little bits of crispy bacon sprinkled on the top. خم شدن-پلاسیده و پژمرده شدن

tension

When things feel so tight they might snap, that's tension. If you buy your girlfriend a vacuum cleaner when she wanted diamonds, you will experience tension. Just before she storms out of the room. The noun tension has its Latin roots in tendere, which means to stretch, and tension occurs when something is stretched either physically or emotionally. Strained relations between countries can cause political tensions to rise. You can add tension to a rubber band by stretching it tight. You can release nervous tension by releasing that tension in the rubber band, when you shoot it at your brother. 1.(n)the action of stretching something tight "tension holds the belt in the pulleys" The demands reflect longstanding tensions between content moderators and the big tech companies for which they contract. "There was a lot of tension, and a lot of different personalities and clashes at times," Huntington-Whiteley, 33, told The New York Times earlier this year. تنش - کشش - فشار - تشنج - کشمکش - بحران

perceive

When we perceive something, we become aware of or notice it. Sometimes we perceive things by using our senses of sight, hearing, and smell. Or we can use our mind to perceive things, which means that we are able to recognize or understand them. We can also perceive a person or thing as having certain qualities: Do you perceive yourself as a good student? The Latin root percipere means "to receive, understand," from the prefix per- "thoroughly" plus capere "to seize, take." 1.(v)become aware of through the senses "I could perceive the ship coming over the horizon" Synonyms: comprehend Light fixtures set next to walls will increase the perceived brightness of a room. He quickly moved on to attack his perceived enemies, including Mr. Biden and the news media, and even mocked some of his fellow Republicans. فهمیدن - درک کردن - دریافتن

consciousness

When you are awake and aware of your surroundings, that's consciousness. There are different types of consciousness, including social consciousness, being aware of injustices in society. The early Latin word conscius meant "with knowing," but it meant a shared knowledge, a meaning that was retained through the 16th Century. John Locke was the first to describe consciousness in relation to the individual, referring to it as "the perception of what passes in a man's own mind." If you lose consciousness during the performance, we'll wake you up with some smelling salts! 1.(n)an alert cognitive state in which you are aware of yourself and your situation "he lost consciousness" Antonyms: unconsciousness The charges say she lost consciousness and died at a local hospital on Oct. Overall, Wyoming does not pop up in the national consciousness very often, Reitinger said. هوشیاری - فهم - اگاهی - حس اگاهی

inquiry

When you ask the guy behind the counter if they've got any aspirin, you're making an inquiry. Almost any search for information or knowledge is an inquiry, though an inquiry is often an official search. Though any question is, technically, an inquiry, that word is usually used to refer to an official or public search for the truth. For instance, after a plane crash, the government launches an inquiry into the cause. Politicians and government officials are often the ones who demand an inquiry when an important question needs to be answered, but a child can do the same thing. If your kid wants to know what's for dinner, she can make an inquiry about it. She can also just, y'know, ask. 1.(n)an instance of questioning "we made inquiries of all those who were present" Synonyms: enquiry, interrogation, query, question There's a medical term for an unanticipated finding unrelated to the original medical inquiry; it's called an "incidentaloma." To see the intersection of personal and national psyches, the richest point of journalistic inquiry. پرس و جو - استعلام - تحقیق -

concoct

When you concoct something, you mix up different ingredients. If you want to become a mad scientist or a wizard, you'll have to learn how to concoct strange potions. If the word concoction makes you think of steaming caldrons or liquids bubbling in test tubes, you'll be amused to know that it comes from a Latin word for "digestion." Yum! On summer days, children sometimes concoct imaginative stews from grass, leaves and dirt. They may also concoct lies to explain why they tried feeding such concoctions to their little sister. 1.(v)make a concoction (of) by mixing Type of: amalgamate, commix, mingle, mix, unify Juda Engelmayer, a spokesperson for Weinstein, said it was clear all along that Haley and others "were concocting these insincere charges to pave the way for civil damages claims." Yet today's conservative majority is among the most activist in the court's history, striking down long-established precedents and concocting new judicial theories on the fly, virtually all of which align with Republican policy preferences. درست کردن - جعل کردن - اختراع کردن - ترکیب کردن -پختن

vigorously

When you do something in a forceful or intense way, you do it vigorously. If you're trying to figure out which of your brothers ate the last of the cookies, it's probably the one who's denying it most vigorously. The adverb vigorously has the English root "vigor," which comes from the Latin word vigere, meaning to be lively or flourish. Synonyms for vigorously include energetically, forcefully, and strenuously. If you're trying to lose weight, you should eat fewer cookies and walk vigorously every day, and if you want to get your dishes really clean, you'll have to scrub them vigorously. 1.(adv)with vigor; in a vigorous manner "he defended his ideas vigorously" Synonyms:smartly LeBlanc "will vigorously defend these allegations and, particularly, the allegations relating to her performance as a Judge," attorney Jill Craft said in a written statement to the newspaper. They also hope that voters will distinguish between calls to "defund the police," which Republicans used to vigorously attack Democrats, and bipartisan efforts to improve accountability and fairness. باهوش - باقوت

regard

When you give someone a good, long look, you regard them. It can also mean "to believe," as in "I regard her as my best friend." Regard often means respect and admiration, as in "I have the greatest regard for my grandmother." Sometimes it's a greeting: you can send someone your regards, which means to tell them you said hello and wish them well. There's a famous song called, "Give My Regards to Broadway." On the other hand, you can use it as a sign-off on a letter. Instead of "Sincerely" or "Yours Truly," you can close with "Regards." 1.(n)the condition of being honored (esteemed or respected or well regarded) "a man who has earned high regard" Synonyms: esteem, respect 2.(v)(n)look at attentively Synonyms: consider 3.(v)deem to be 4.(n)(usually plural) a polite expression of desire for someone's welfare The Washington Post reported Thursday that the Arlington teacher asked students to insert the name of a chemical element to complete a sentence regarding how the Black man died in Minneapolis police custody. The sheriff's office says Nascimiento was in his office speaking with another supervisor regarding the selection of deputies for the training division back in August. توجه - نظر - احترام - ملاحظه

testimonies

When you give testimony you are telling what you saw or what you know. Your testimony that your hand was not in the cookie jar goes against the testimony of several eyewitnesses. The Latin root for testimony is testis, meaning " witness." "Eye witness testimony" is a phrase you will hear often in legal discussions. An object can also give testimony, without speaking of course: "The statue they built of you outside the bowling alley offers testimony to your greatness." 1.(n)something that serves as evidence "his effort was testimony to his devotion" Synonyms: testimonial Government lawyers argued that they needed the officers' testimony to defend the Park Police against the claims of wrongful death and negligence. "Homeland Elegies" balances autobiography, gripping fiction, social criticism, economic history and the testimony of racial and religious minorities. شهادت - گواهی -

speculation

When you guess about how something is going to come out (or how it happened), that's speculation. You're making an educated guess. When people predict who will win a football game, an Oscar, or an election, it's speculation: people are looking at the facts and making their best guess. Just about anything you say about the future is speculation, because no one knows what will happen. The word is used in the stock market for such financial dealings as "buying on spec," a risky way to make money. Sometimes, this word means something close to meditation — pondering something deeply. 1.(n)continuous and profound contemplation or musing on a subject or series of subjects of a deep or abstruse nature Synonyms:meditation "The onus is on them to prove the speculation." Asked about the negotiations, an Exxon spokesman said: "As a matter of practice, we do not comment on third-party rumour or speculation." گمان پردازی- خیال - فکر--مدیتیشن -زمین خواری

hire

When you hire someone, you invite them to work for you or the company you represent. If you manage your local ice cream shop, it might be part of your job to hire extra ice cream scoopers for the busy summer season. Your boss at the animal shelter might hire you immediately if she's desperate for help — or if you impress her as a true animal lover. Once she does, she can call you "a new hire," or a recently hired employee. It's less common in the U.S. than in Britain, but you can also say you hire a car when you rent or lease one. Hire comes from the Old English hyr, which means both "wages" and "interest." 1.(v)engage or hire for work "They hired two new secretaries in the department" Synonyms: employ, engage "The payments will probably show up on the post-general election report, although it's also possible that they were hired by the Nevada Republican Party," he added. During the spring surge, Swedish hired traveling nurses, shut down elective surgeries and assigned nurses who handle those duties to assist in the ICU, Gattis said. کرایه دادن - استخدام کردن - اجیر کردن - کرایه کردن

jumble

When you jumble something, you throw a bunch of items haphazardly together. For example, many people jumble many random things in a kitchen junk drawer. Use the verb jumble to describe what happens when you scramble or mix things up. Some kids, for example, jumble their Lego toys together in a big bin, while others like to sort the pieces by color or size. You can call the mix of items itself a jumble too. In the early 1500s, jumble meant "to move confusedly," and it was probably modeled on stumble. Later that century, it came to mean "mix or confuse." 1.(v)nassemble without order or sense "She jumbles the words when she is supposed to write a sentence" Synonyms: confuse, mix up 2.(n)small flat ring-shaped cake or cookie Sunday afternoon, a jumble of humanity bowled into Burrow's left leg as he planted it to throw. There wasn't even a chance to watch half the field complete their rounds, thanks to the short days of fall and a rain delay that will jumble up the week even more. قاطی پاتی کردن - ترکیب کردن بدون نظم خاص

misappropriate

When you misappropriate something, you steal it, or otherwise use it in a way its owner didn't intend. You might hear the phrase "to misappropriate funds" on the news — usually what this means is that someone who has access to money at work has stolen some of it. A banker might misappropriate money, for example, paying himself a bonus, or the manager of a charity might misappropriate donations, using them to buy herself a new car. Misappropriate combines the prefix mis, "bad or wrong," and appropriate, "take possession of." 1.(v)appropriate (as property entrusted to one's care) fraudulently to one's own use Synonyms: defalcate, embezzle, malversate, peculate hey are accused of defrauding donors and misappropriating the funds. Five council members pleaded guilty to misappropriating public funds. اختلاس کردن -

pragmatism

When you practice pragmatism, you accept conditions as they are and make practical decisions. Your head is not in the clouds. If you urge your daydreaming friend to accept that life is not a fairy tale and the only way to succeed is through hard work, that's pragmatism. This is an approach based on how things are, not on how you wish they were. This also refers to a philosophical doctrine built on the idea that something can only be true if it works. If you're known for your pragmatism, then you're realistic, logical, and know how to get things done. 1.(n)(philosophy) the doctrine that practical consequences are the criteria of knowledge and meaning and value Already, there are mounting signs of just how difficult it may be for either party to govern through pragmatism and compromise. It doesn't seem pragmatic, and I think that pragmatism is important to Southern voters. ممصلحت گرایی- فلسفه علمی - جنبه علمی

tolerance

When you practice tolerance, you accept another's ideas and beliefs. If you respect someone's opinions — even if you disagree or find them nonsensical — you display tolerance. The noun tolerance, which stems from the Latin for "endurance," also refers to an organism's ability to stand or handle a difficult environmental condition. If you build up a tolerance, you can handle large amounts of something (from medicine to psychological abuse) without being too strongly affected. We usually use the word to refer to our need to accept others, as suggested by John F. Kennedy when he said, "Tolerance implies no lack of commitment to one's own beliefs. Rather it condemns the oppression or persecution of others." The Trump administration used the facility to hold parents and children it separated during its 2018 enforcement of a "zero tolerance" policy on border crossings. He spoke of "zero tolerance" long before the Vatican adopted that policy. تحمل - بردباری-

premediate

When you premeditate, you are planning ahead. While most people associate this word with crime, let's hope you can think of a better reason to premeditate — like buying groceries before a storm. When you meditate, you think deeply. The prefix pre- means "before," so to premeditate means to think about a situation before you've jumped into it. If you've ever cooked a meal, you've premeditated the ingredients you need to get started. In a courtroom you'll hear about "premeditated murder," which means the accused killer planned out his crime and it wasn't a crime of passion. Premeditating can be a good thing, but not when it involves murder. 1.(v)consider, ponder, or plan (an action) beforehand "premeditated murder" (v)think or reflect beforehand or in advance "I rarely premeditate, which is a mistake" Investigators in France, Tunisia and Italy are trying to determine the motive of chief suspect Ibrahim Issaoui, and whether he acted alone and whether he premeditated Thursday's attack on the Notre Dame Basilica. Investigators in France, Tunisia and Italy are trying to determine the motive of chief suspect Ibrahim Issaoui and whether he acted alone and whether he premeditated Thursday's attack on the Notre Dame Basilica. مطالعه قبلی کردن - برنامه ریزی کردن - قبلا فکر چیزی را کردن

reconsider

When you reconsider something, you think about it again or in a new way. You might decline your grandfather's invitation to the circus, but then reconsider when you see that Gunther the famous lion tamer is showing up. When you reconsider, you usually end up changing your mind about your initial decision or opinion. Your neighbor might be planning to vote for a candidate you dislike; however, if you do a good enough job arguing in favor of a different candidate, she might reconsider her vote. The Latin root of consider is considerare, "look at closely," or "observe the stars." Reconsider adds the "again" prefix re-. 1.(v)consider again; give new consideration to; usually with a view to changing "Won't you reconsider your decision?" Earlier this year, a US appeals court rejected Apple's request to reconsider a split decision ruling that found it infringed on VirnetX patents. Do you think in light of recent events, Americans might be starting to reconsider just how exceptional or immune from political violence we may be? تجدید نظر کردن -ملاحظه

terrorized

When you terrorize someone, you act in a way that makes that person feel terrified, or full of fear. A bully might terrorize his younger victims by threatening to beat them up. There are more and less serious ways to terrorize someone: actual terrorists, who use violence to achieve political goals, are a classic example of people who terrorize. A less grim way to terrorize might be an older sister coercing a younger brother into doing her chores by threatening to hide his favorite toys. In either case, the victim experiences some degree of fear, and the person who terrorizes feels a sense of power and control. 1.(v)coerce by violence or with threats Synonyms: terrorise Seattle gets another shot at Arizona, which Wilson and Tyler Lockett terrorized in last weekend's overtime loss. Masks are a mainstay of horror, donned by mysterious strangers and serial killers while they terrorize innocents. ترساندن - ترور کردن -ارعابگری کردن

depletion

When you think about depletion, think about a resource being decreased. Depletion is usually not a good thing; we worry about the depletion of the ozone and the depletion of the soil. Have you ever run out of gas or money? Then you know what it's like to be in a state of depletion. Your bank account is in a state of depletion if you've been taking a lot of money out of it. The world's oil reserves are moving closer to depletion as oil runs out. In any type of depletion, something is running low or running out. 1.(n)the state of being depleted But fraud impacts pale in comparison to the trust fund's depletion as a result of massive unemployment. Contact tracing leads to teammates being quarantined, and the resulting depletion of 85-man rosters forces the cancellations. خالی کردن - تهی کردن - به ته رساندن

twist

When you twist something, you turn it in a different direction. You might twist off a bottle cap, or you might even twist the plot of a story you are writing. A kite's tail twists in the wind, curling around itself, and a baker twists a piece of dough into a pretzel shape. You can also twist out of someone's grasp (to escape your godmother's cheek pinching), or twist your ankle hurrying away. As a noun, twist means a bent and curved shape, like the twist of a curl or a twist of soft serve ice cream. In a book or movie plot, a twist is a shocking development. 1.(v)(n)cause (a plastic object) to assume a crooked or angular form "twist the dough into a braid" Synonyms: bend, deform, flex, turn 2.(n)(v)social dancing in which couples vigorously twist their hips and arms in time to the music; was popular in the 1960s "they liked to dance the twist" 3.(v)practice sophistry; change the meaning of or be vague about in order to mislead or deceive "Don't twist my words" Synonyms: convolute, pervert, sophisticate, twist around 4.(n)an unforeseen development 5.(n)an interpretation of a text or action My only caveat is I suggest watching the films discussed before appreciating the episodes as too many of the narrative twists and scariest scenes are revealed in the cable series. It was a twist of fate that led Tom to a successful career in food illustration. پیچیدن - از شکل انداختن - چرخش-تغییر ناگهانی - کسی که دیگران را میپیچاندئه

vivify

When you vivify something, you bring new excitement or life to it. If you decide to liven up your boring apartment by painting the walls every color of the rainbow, you can say that you're trying to vivify your home. You might vivify your family's meals by experimenting with exotic spices or vivify your school by hiring circus performers to ride unicycles up and down the halls. The Latin root word of vivify is vivus, or "alive," which is also the origin of the closely related word vivid. 1.(v)give new life or energy to Synonyms: animate, quicken, reanimate, recreate, renovate, repair, revive, revivify "Like a novelist," Rafferty wrote, "he finds the human details that vivify the character." Their bodies are emphatically their own, no rightful concern of his, and their joy is vivifying. احیا کردن - زنده کردن -روح دادن

woo

When you woo someone, you are being charming because you think that it will make them love you more. You want to win their heart, so you woo them, you flirty dog you. Poetry is a great way to woo someone, because who could resist such beautiful words? Wooing requires a romantic heart and a lot of focused attention on the person you desire. But wooing isn't always just done for love, and you can woo someone because you want their support, like when a rock band woos a record label to release their album, or wooing your grandmother because you need to borrow some money. 1.(v)seek someone's favor "China is wooing Russia" Synonyms:court This is a delicate dance, attempting to woo both audiences at the same time, but one that the artist performs well. Woe to men who aim to woo her. خواستگاری کردن - اظهار عشق کردن با - جلب لطف کردن

entrenched

When you're entrenched, you're dug in. Sometimes that means you're literally in a trench, but usually it means you just won't budge from a position or belief. Entrenched things are buried so solidly that they can't move — or just behave like they're firmly lodged in some deep hole. Usually this word refers to views people hold very strongly. Having turkey on Thanksgiving is a tradition that's entrenched in American culture — it's long been established and isn't going anywhere. When you're entrenched, you're being stubborn or consistent, depending on your view. 1.(adj)dug in Synonyms: invulnerable immune to attack; impregnable Council members, who sometimes saw him as entrenched in old ways and unwilling to commit to the changes they felt necessary for more just policing and accountability for officers. The night is so entrenched in American popular culture that it's been dubbed "Drinksgiving" or - worryingly - "Blackout Wednesday." تجاوز کردن - در سنگر قرار دادن - سنگر بندی کردن

indebted

When you're indebted to someone, you owe that person something. It could be that you owe money, or it could be you're just grateful for a nice thing the person did. You probably notice a big chunk of the word indebted is made up of the words "in debt." If you're indebted to someone you are indeed in debt — for either money or gratitude. You might be indebted to your credit card company, meaning you owe them money. Then you might be indebted to your mom when she gives you a small loan to pay the bill, meaning you owe her gratitude for bailing you out. 1.(adj)owing gratitude or recognition to another for help or favors etc Synonyms: obligated caused by law or conscience to follow a certain course The Foxes were indebted to goalkeeper Kasper Schmeichel for keeping them in the game at stages, before the visitors' substitutes turned the game round. It outlasted it, too, and would become the small but crucial hub of New York's vibrant 00s indie boom: the National, Vampire Weekend, TV on the Radio and many more are all indebted to Other. بدهکار - مدیون - دین

whimsical

Whimsical means full of or characterized by whims, which are odd ideas that usually occur to you very suddenly. If you decide at the last minute to fly to Europe, you could say you went there on a whim. Whimsical can also mean tending toward odd or unpredictable behavior. Both whimsical and whim are derived from an earlier English word whim-wham, which is of unknown origin. Whim-wham had about the same meaning as whim, but could also refer to an odd object or piece of clothing. 1.(adj)determined by chance or impulse or whim rather than by necessity or reason "the victim of whimsical persecutions" Synonyms: capricious, impulsive 2.(adj)indulging in or influenced by fancy Synonyms: fanciful, notional The comics vary in style and tone, from absurd, silly and whimsical cartoons featuring talking animals and bored aliens, to more meta, philosophical ones about the creative process and the elusive, subjective nature of comedy. In one program, called EaseVR, patients with chronic pain learn to control their mind and body through VR biofeedback therapy in a whimsical forest of glowing trees beside a shimmering lake. بولهوس - دهن بین - وسواسی

yield

Yield has two meanings that seem quite different: "an amount" or "to give way." The yield of the recipe was twelve brownies. To avoid being tripped, Mary was forced to yield to the children on her way to the brownie plate. While these meanings seem quite different, they both essentially mean "to give." The recipe gives twelve brownies to those who follow it, and Mary is giving up her right to go first. Yield can also mean the rate of return on an investment. A bond yields an interest rate of 2%, or gives an investor $2.00 for every $100 invested. 1.(v)(n)give or supply This year's crop yielded 1,000 bushels of corn" Synonyms: generate, give, render, return 2.(v)be the cause or source of Synonyms: afford, give 3.(v)move in order to make room for someone or something Treasury yields also dipped after a report showed U.S. shoppers spent less at retailers last month than economists expected. Treasury yields held steady and the dollar slipped. بازده - محصول - حاصل - سودمندی - تسلیم شدن - در هم شکستن -

vet

You are a vet if you served in the Armed Forces, or if you went to veterinary school and now give medical care to animals. The noun vet is short for either veteran (of the Armed Forces) or veterinarian (animal doctor). As a verb, vet means "to carefully examine beforehand." For example, your boss might ask you to vet people's applications before calling them for interviews, just to make sure they have the right experience for the job. Medically speaking, when a doctor vets you — or an animal — medical care is given. 1.(n)(v)a doctor who practices veterinary medicine Synonyms: veterinarian, veterinary, veterinary surgeon 2.(n)a person who has served in the armed forces 3.(v)examine carefully A new lexicon developed within the organization as projects were vetted more closely for environmental effects, larger projects that often disrupted villages fell into disfavor, and local priorities became more important. Budget cuts, postponements, new debt and every other realistic option must be vetted and new funds provided to desperate state residents immediately. دام پزشک - کهنه سرباز -

intimidate

You can see "timid" in the middle of intimidate, and to be timid is to be frightened or to pull back from something. When you intimidate, you frighten or make someone afraid. A pet rat might intimidate your sister's friends, keeping them out of your fort. "To frighten" or "make fearful" is at the root of the verb intimidate. An animal might intimidate a smaller animal by bearing its teeth, and a person can intimidate another by threatening to do something harmful. You can be intimidated with mental or emotional bullying, as well as with something physical: "they were all good spellers, but some of them knew how to intimidate the competition into thinking they didn't have a chance at winning the spelling bee." 1.(v)compel or deter by or as if by threats Synonyms: restrain In a statement the next day, Gregory condemned the president's actions as an attempt "to silence, scatter or intimidate" crowds "for a photo opportunity in front of a church." But he said the intimidating texts that Palmer mentioned are "unacceptable." ترساندن- تشر زدن به

disband

You know how rock bands are always forming and then breaking up? When they break up, they disband. The word disband refers to any group or unit of folks who decide to go their separate ways. Long before there were rock bands, groups of friends or warriors would band together for protection or companionship. They would become a band of sorts. The prefix dis comes from the Latin word for "apart." So if people come together to form a band — like Robin Hood's Merry Men — then if they disband, they decide to separate and break apart. Groups don't always disband because they want to. Sometimes police officers or government officials disband groups they believe are a nuisance or a threat. 1.(v)cause to break up or cease to function "the principal disbanded the political student organization" The sit-in at the edge of Islamabad was disbanded after the protesters got assurances from the government that their demand for cutting diplomatic ties with France would be discussed in Parliament in three months. The national hockey association changed leadership, and junior teams training in the U.S. were disbanded. منحل کردن - متفرق کردن - برهم زدن

jocund

You know that teacher who always has a goofy smile on his face and a bad pun for the kids? He's got a jocund personality, meaning he's merry and cheerful. The word jocund came from the influence of two Latin words, jocundus, which means pleasant, and jocus, which is just what it sounds like: a joke. Usually the word is used to describe people, but not always. Say your family gets together every year for a big, merry barbecue — you could describe it as a jocund gathering, or a jocund weekend. It's a sort of old-fashioned word, though, so use it sparingly. 1.(adj)full of or showing high-spirited merriment Synonyms: gay, jolly, jovial, merry, mirthful That last part is a bit of cheek for effect, deleted quickly by a green cursor, a taste of the jocund energy that informs this six-part limited series. The happy and jocund faces of children, whom you looked upon complacently a month or two ago, will laugh away, you are tolerably sure, the disposition to low spirits and pale brandy. شاد - ذل شاد - مسرور - سرخوش

demeanor

Your demeanor is defined as being either your facial appearance or your behavior. When playing poker, don't let your demeanor give away how good your cards are. Demeanor in English today has evolved from Middle English and Old French to refer to the way one manages or presents oneself, and this definition applies to conduct as well as facial expressions. The way you present yourself often affects how others make judgments about you and therefore, you might want your demeanor to reflect the situation you're in. So, if you're at a birthday party, your demeanor should be happy and smiling! 1.(n)(behavioral attributes) the way a person behaves toward other people Synonyms: behavior, behaviour, conduct, demeanour, deportment She ratchets down the temperature of his heated rhetoric with her cool demeanor and unruffled silence. Defensive tackle Mike Daniels, who played for seven years in Green Bay, said Burrow's demeanor reminds him of Packers star Aaron Rodgers. رفتار - وضع-حرکت -رفتار - طرز برخورد

allies

ally In war, allies are friends — specifically, friendly nations — you can trust. Allies are on your side. The main meaning of this word comes from war. Without allies, a country is going to be all alone in a war. Like many other words of war, this term spread beyond the battlefield. A politician trying to pass a law is going to need allies, probably in both political parties. Any time there's a disagreement or conflict, it helps to have allies: if you don't, you're all alone. 1.(n)an alliance of nations joining together to fight a common enemy But he told Reuters last year that Trump "gutted American credibility" with his pullback of U.S. troops in Syria in 2019 that left Kurdish U.S. allies in the lurch in their fight against Islamic State. Similarly, Trump's allies tend to position economic and social health as in opposition, rather than complementary. دوست - پیوستن - متحد کردن - هم پیمان -اتحاد

subtly

he adverb subtly describes something that's done in a delicate or understated way. You could subtly suggest to your best friend that a breath mint might taste good, rather than telling her straight out that she's got terrible breath. When you do something subtly, you do it quietly and indirectly — like subtly criticizing your mom's choice of beachwear. If you smile subtly, it's a small, mysterious, Mona Lisa-type smile rather than a wide, open one. There are two tricks to the word subtly: first, when you add the ly to the word subtle, the e gets dropped. Second, don't confuse subtly with subtlety, a noun meaning "the state of being subtle." 1.(adv)in a subtle manner "late nineteenth-century French opera at its most beautiful, subtly romantic with a twilight melancholy" More subtly, it's a game of low-key multiplayer assistance and treachery from a lead creator who was inspired when strangers wordlessly helped him during a snowstorm. More subtly, it also altered usage patterns for ho-hum words like "remote" and "remotely." ماهرانه-از روی زیرکی

intuition

if you know the definition of this noun by quick insight without relying on reason, you know what intuition means! Intuition is a noun whose definition means that someone uses quick understanding to interpret but without using reasoning or perception, a snap judgment. The definition of the word comes from the Latin roots in- meaning "at" or "on" and tueri meaning "look at, watch over." A relative of intuition is tuition, and even though we don't use this particular meaning anymore, it used to refer to having guardianship or custody. If we use our intuition it means that we don't always make the correct interpretation, and in fact, the Australian writer Christina Stead wrote, "Intuition is not infallible; it only seems to be the truth." 1.(n)instinctive knowing (without the use of rational processes) From the beginning, I really trusted their intuition. "It's about entering into these different states so that at the end of it, there's been a real gathering of knowledge and intuition and insight," she said in her calm, clear voice. = creativity الهام شده -بصیرت -شهود - بینش - درک مستقیم

amid

syn : among - between -amongst -across - amidst tombstones standing amid blooming flowers had a particular appeal . درمیان- وسط-

albeit

syn :although , however , howbeit I tried albeit uselessly. to dissuade him. هر چند فایده نداشت سعی کردم منصرف کنم اگرچه - ولو اینکه

lugubriousness

the quality of excessive mournfulness and uncheerfulness(n) Synonyms: gloominess, sadness ناراحتی . افسردگی

prized

ارزش زیاد قاعل شدن - عزیز داشتن

fracking

شکستن

lest

*conjunction *He was scared lest he should fail his exam . *I was afraid lest he should fall *Speak low lest the baby awake. مبادا

pleading

1.(adj)begging Synonyms: beseeching, imploring adjuratory Antonyms: imperative Thousands took to the streets Tuesday after the Dodgers won the World Series — despite pleadings from health officials to stay home. Refusing permission to appeal Warby said the Finding Freedom ruling did not result in ANL pleading a new defence; it was an "expansion" and "modification" of their defence. دفاع - برهان نمایی - شفاعت - دادخواهی

contingent upon

1.(adj)determined by conditions or circumstances that follow Synonyms: contingent, contingent on, dependant on, dependant upon, dependent on, dependent upon, depending on وابسته هست به

erstwhile

If your dad used to play in a punk band, but is now a computer programmer, you could call him an erstwhile punk rocker. Erstwhile means "former." Erstwhile comes from Old English and is a formal way to say "former." You can go to your class reunion 20 years after you graduate high school and see your erstwhile friends. That means that they had been your friends, but you lost touch with them, so that they weren't friends of yours anymore. Can you think of some people that you wish were erstwhile classmates of yours? 1.(adj)belonging to some prior time "erstwhile friend" Synonyms: former, old, one-time, onetime, quondam, sometime An older generation of Germans recalls how the U.S.-funded Marshall Plan helped its erstwhile enemy rebuild from the ashes of World War II, paving a path to prosperity. Monday night marked a return to the president's classic stump speeches, divorced from reality, with a throwback to his erstwhile rallying cry that Mexico "is paying for" the border wall. قبلا - سابقا

respect

espect is a way of treating or thinking about something or someone. If you respect your teacher, you admire her and treat her well. People respect others who are impressive for any reason, such as being in authority — like a teacher or cop — or being older — like a grandparent. You show respect by being polite and kind. For a lot of people, taking your hat off is a show of respect. When people are insulted or treated badly, they feel they haven't been treated with respect. You can respect things as well as people. Saying the Pledge of Allegiance shows respect to your country. We've paved over natural habitats and flood basins, forced wildlife into retreat and fouled the air, not with bad intentions but with too little respect for what preceded us. In that case, Kawahata recommends that you "respect their decision and move on." 1..(v)(n)regard highly; think much of 2.(n)(usually preceded by `in') a detail or point احترام

forlorn

niff, sniff, boo-hoo... use the adjective forlorn to express loneliness and feeling left out. When someone is forlorn it means that they not only feel miserable but simultaneously desolate because they also believe they are alone. Forlorn is a very old word in English, and in fact it comes from the Old English word forlesen and means "to lose completely." Synonyms for forlorn all have fairly sad meanings: disconsolate, pessimistic, despairing, despondent, abandoned, depressed, desperate. 1.(adj)marked by or showing hopelessness "the last forlorn attempt" "a forlorn cause" Synonyms: hopeless Some of them began to seem a bit forlorn, or maybe just sleepy, in a freshly awakened city. I will state my message using the fewest and simplest words possible in the forlorn hope that you'll understand it. بی کس - درمانده - بی چاره - متروک -با نا امیدی - تنها و بی کس

posthumously

posthumously is an adverb that helps describe something that happens to a person after they die, whether it happens to their estate, their life's work, or the memory of them that remains. The prefix post- means "after," and the Latin word humus means "ground." Add the suffix -ly and that lets you use the word to describe some action taken after someone's dead and in the ground, like posthumously naming a street after a dead politician, or posthumously publishing a new book written by an author who died years ago. The word doesn't sound how it looks, so pronounce it like this: POSS-chew-muss-lee. 1.(adv)after death "these piano pieces were published posthumously" "he was honored posthumously" Told in her grandmother's voice posthumously, Kalb's tale is simultaneously original, hilarious, sad, uplifting and invigorating. He will also appear as host posthumously through Christmas. پس از مرگ

awareness

Awareness is the state of knowing something, such as the awareness that the sun comes up every morning. The adjective aware gets turned into a noun when the suffix -ness is added, so awareness is the state of being aware, or having knowledge of something. Its roots are Germanic, and come from the Old English wær meaning "wary, cautious." Awareness can be something you notice, want to tell others about, or already know. You could "raise awareness" of a cause, like fighting breast cancer. Yet, your awareness of the baby sleeping next door might prevent you from having band practice in the garage. Smart move. 1.(n)state of elementary or undifferentiated consciousness "the crash intruded on his awareness" 2.(n)the state of having knowledge of something "He's a very intelligent individual. He's got great awareness and integrity." "As well as their awareness of the importance of national security, thereby developing in them a sense of belonging to the country." اطلاع - هشیاری - اگاهی

preeminent

Calling someone preeminent means they're truly outstanding or better than everyone else — not in general, but in a specific field or specialty. Many people consider primatologist Jane Goodall to be the preeminent expert on chimpanzees. The adjective preeminent was first recorded in the mid-15th century and has its roots in the Latin praeeminentem, which means "to project forward, rise above." And anything that's been described as preeminent certainly does rise above the rest. Preeminent scholars or universities or craftsmen are the best at what they do and are well known because of it. 1.(adj)greatest in importance or degree or significance or achievement "a preeminent archeologist" Synonyms: leading The California Democrat said she thought Mr. Biden's first slate of intended nominees would "repair the damage wrought by the Trump administration" and "restore America's critical and preeminent role in the international arena." This year, as President Trump's campaign mounts a multistate effort to challenge the counting of ballots around the country, many of the GOP's preeminent election-law litigators remain on the sidelines. برتر - سرامد - مقدم

finesse

Having finesse means you can handle difficult situations with diplomacy and tact, like the finesse it takes to help two friends work out their differences — without taking sides or alienating either one. Finesse is having grace under pressure. It's handling the rantings of an angry customer with a smile and a calm tone. Someone who has finesse says the right thing at the right time — or knows when to say nothing at all. Finesse looks like fineness and in fact comes from the Middle French word that means exactly that — delicate in nature. People with finesse can handle anything — with a delicate approach that really works. 1.(n)subtly skillful handling of a situation Synonyms: delicacy, diplomacy, discreetness Largemouth bass are good with crankbaits, skirted jigs, and plastic finesse worms near docks, timber, and rock piles. Largemouth bass are fair on jigs, finesse worms, spinners, and flutter spoons near boat docks, creeks, inlets, and rocky shorelines. زیرکی به کار بردن - دقت - نکته بینی - ظرافت

sought

I have long sought an answer to the following question: If sought is the past tense of seek, how come you say "we played hide and seek all afternoon" instead of "we hid and sought all afternoon?" Seek means to look for, and sought is what you say when you're done with the looking. "As a young man, I sought my fortune. Now it is time for me to sit by the fire, searching for the long-sought-after answer to the timeless question 'What did it all mean?'" 1.(adj)that is looked for "the long sought relatives" Sullivan sought to paint Gross as a liberal who would empower Democrats with an "anti-Alaska agenda," such as shutting down the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge to oil and gas drilling. Officers were at polling stations with thousands of others on standby, as police officials sought to assure the public that voting would be protected, and violence would not be tolerated. مطلوب-جستجو کردن زمان گذشته و اسم مفعول seek

lethargy

Is your pet slug always this comatose, or is this display of lethargy unusual? The word lethargy describes inactivity or a lack of energy. Lethargy comes from the Greek lethargos, originally meaning "inactive through forgetfulness." Somewhere along the way, the word lost the implication of "forgetfulness" and just ended up hanging around in bed all day. Still, lethargy doesn't necessarily imply laziness; it can be brought about by illness and may also describe a lack of strength. Other lethargic nouns include torpor, sluggishness, and languor. 1.(n)inactivity; showing an unusual lack of energy Synonyms:flatness, languor, phlegm, sluggishness We should all hope that he goes into one of his down emotional periods for an extended time so that lethargy, not blind rage, dominates his behavior until Jan. 20. Remember, overcoming lethargy and still succeeding is a rare, irreplaceable quality. بی حالی

merriment

Merriment can refer to fun activities or a feeling of happiness. Either way, a good time is being had. You know how merry means happy? Merriment refers to events and feelings that are happy. A party is a perfect example of merriment. If you hear a bunch of people laughing and joking, you might say, "Why all the merriment?" Merriment can also be an emotion: if you're very excited or happy, you're experiencing merriment. 1.(n)activities that are enjoyable or amusing Synonyms: fun, playfulness Last holiday season, an estimated 7 million people visited New York City, the epicenter of merriment. The "Christmas Prelude" event often draws visitors from around the country to Kennebunkport for Yuletide merriment. نشاط - خوشی - ابزار شادی

actuality

1.(n)the state of actually existing objectively "a hope that progressed from possibility to actuality" In actuality they were married more than a year ago in secret, so their "wedding" will be held almost three years after getting married. But in actuality, when you see the video, it was probably a few seconds." واقعی

altering

1.(n)the sterilization of an animal Synonyms: fixing, neutering Their decision radiates partisan bias and flouts Supreme Court precedent, risking chaos and confusion by altering the rules of Minnesota's election just five days before Nov. 3. Every previous case involved a federal court altering state law, often by extending the late-ballot deadline. تغییر دادن - دگرگون کردن - عوض کردن

wing

1.(n)va movable organ for flying (one of a pair) 2.(n)an addition that extends a main building 3.(n)a unit of military aircraft 4.(n)a group within a political party or legislature or other organization that holds distinct views or has a particular function 5.(n)a hockey player stationed in a forward position on either side 6.(n)a barrier that surrounds the wheels of a vehicle to block splashing water or mud But then Williamson drove into the box on the left wing and, when he tried to get past the full-back, Rangers appealed for a penalty. There is a Bible verse in Isaiah: "Woe to the country that shadows Ethiopia with wings." بال - جناح- شاخه-پره -شعبه - گروه هوایی-دسته حزبی - بالدار کردن -پردار کردن-پیمودن

snuff out

1.(v)put an end to; kill "The Nazis snuffed out the life of many Jewish children" Synonyms: extinguish A reverse on second down was immediately snuffed out for a loss of 10, and then Smith took a sack for a loss of 13 that forced Washington to punt. "There was a serious misreading of the situation, a miscalculation that this was a small domestic problem, well within Mozambique's capacity to snuff out," he said. خرخرکردن -کشتن-منقرض کردن

publication

A publication is something made to communicate with the public. Publications are usually printed on paper (like magazines and books), but online publications are delivered via the Internet. The noun publication comes from the Latin word publicare, meaning "make public." Publication usually means something is written and made available publicly, but a company or government can submit publications of things like earnings or unemployment indexes that are communicated differently. If you are an aspiring author, publication of your work is, most likely, the Holy Grail you seek. 1.(n)the act of issuing printed materials Synonyms: issue Limiting the publication of cartoons of Muhammad avoids fueling extremism, he said. Featured on the publication's website are articles such as "Twelve Steps to White Recovery: Recovery from white conditioning" and "The Dangers of Diversity: What happens when races mix." انتشار- نشر- نشریه

enunciated

Can't get your point across? Maybe you just need to speak more clearly or articulate your thoughts better — in short, enunciate. Good enunciation is similar to pronunciation, but describes more specifically how clearly someone expresses themselves. The word enunciate is related to the Latin words for both "announce" and "messenger." So most likely those ancient Romans who created the word wanted a messenger who could announce things without mumbling, grumbling, and rambling. 1.(v)express or state clearly Synonyms: articulate, vocalise, vocalize He tries to be upbeat and smiles broadly, mindful that he needs to speak a bit louder and enunciate clearly. "The lofty principles enunciated in a constitution or a bill of rights are no guarantee that these principles will be enforced or respected," he said. صریحا گفتن - اعلام کردن - تلفظ کزدن

hysteria

Hysteria is a medical condition or general state of extreme fear and panic. When hysteria sets in, people are out of control. In a medical sense, people who are feeling hysteria may be violent and having trouble perceiving reality. In a more general sense, when someone is hysterical, they're out of control — freaking out. Hysteria is the opposite of calmness. It's really a state of emotional chaos that often takes over during natural disasters and scary moments. Or if you're a 13 year old girl, when you go to a concert for your favorite boy band. 1.(n)state of violent mental agitation Synonyms: craze, delirium, frenzy, fury "There will be plenty of people who will shop, don't get me wrong, but you won't see that mad dash, that mass hysteria that usually occurs. That's gone." And Sheridan hosted a Tea Party event to educate the public about "the common roots of COVID-19 hysteria and climate change." تشنج - هیجان زیاد - حمله عصبی

diligence

If you practice diligence, you are a hard and careful worker. Do you have the diligence to read all the collected works of Henry James? Of course not. Nobody has, but a couple of his early novels won't hurt. Here's a tip: never buy anything big, like a house or a car or a boat, without first exercising what lawyers call "due diligence" — that is, a real degree of care and attention and effort, not to mention a close reading of the small print. Diligence may help you realize the Brooklyn Bridge is not actually yours to buy, or that your potential neighbor has 112 cats living next door. 1.(n)conscientiousness in paying proper attention to a task; giving the degree of care required in a given situation Several applicants told The Post they spent hundreds of hours on financial due diligence and other paperwork with consultants from Davis Polk and Perella Weinberg. The FDA doesn't regulate light therapy devices, so picking a light box requires diligence. کوشش پشتکار - کوشش پیوسته

prim

Prim means polite, straight-laced, even twee. Many characters in Jane Austen novels are prim and proper. Prim describes someone who is so concerned with being proper it becomes almost fake. If you go to the beach on spring break wearing a Victorian bathing costume, you're being prim. Clothes can be prim, too, like that long wool swimsuit. If you're feeling crazy, you can use prim as a verb meaning, "to purse your mouth into a prim expression" — like how you prim your lips when you look down your nose at someone using the wrong fork. 1.(adj)(v)affectedly dainty or refined Synonyms: dainty, mincing, niminy-piminy, twee 2.(v)contract one's lips رسمی و خشک - تمیز - اراستن

smitten with

Smitten means overwhelmed or struck by something, usually love. The way you light up every time the waiter comes over to your table, it's obvious you're smitten with him. Smitten is related to the verb smite, which comes from the Old English smitan, meaning "to hit, strike, beat." What do hitting and beating have to do with love, you may ask? Well, when some people fall in love they report feeling as though they've been "struck by lightning." Obviously those people have never actually been struck by lightning, because when you're struck by lightning you don't start saying things like, "Oh, you like the beach? Brad loves the beach!" and, "You have a cat? So does Brad!" 1.(adj)(used in combination) affected by something overwhelming "conscience- smitten" Synonyms: stricken, struck This "very quickly ... blossomed" into Tom being "smitten". Sure, there's ample humor in the show, about a countess smitten with an underling. زدن -شکستن -کشتن

aggressive

Someone or something aggressive shows a lot of energy and has a strong impact. After the aggressive salesman stopped them again on their way through the mall, the couple got aggressive and replied in a loud, made-up foreign language until he went away. Being aggressive often means being physical or showing force, but it is equally powerful as an adjective reflecting a forceful determination to get something done. An aggressive football player may tackle everyone in sight to get a win, while a driven student might tackle a project or problem head-on with aggressive determination to improve their grade. Aggressive comes from the Latin aggress-, "attack," and being aggressive shows an intention to attack bodily, mentally, or verbally whatever gets in the way. 1.(adj)characteristic of an enemy or one eager to fight "aggressive acts against another country" Synonyms: belligerent State police are focusing on impaired, aggressive and unsafe drivers during increased enforcement that began early Wednesday morning and continues through Sunday. While Seattle on paper featured its most balanced offense of the season in last week's 28-21 win over Arizona — 31 official runs to 28 passes — the Seahawks were still aggressive throwing on first down. پرخاشگر - مهاجم - متجاوز

prolific

Someone or something that is prolific is fruitful or highly productive. A prolific songwriter can churn out five hit tunes before breakfast. A prolific writer cranks out two novels a year, and a prolific rabbit has baby bunnies every few months. The word comes from combining the medieval Latin prolificus ("offspring") with a form of facere ("to make or do"). It can also connote something taking root and growing, like prolific poison ivy that takes over the yard. 1.(adj)intellectually productive "a prolific writer" Synonyms: fecund, fertile Smith was in the starting lineup and quickly showed why he was such a prolific scorer in the Ivy League. One more tap of the foot was all it took and he was across, moving alongside Ben Cohen and Will Greenwood as England men's second most prolific try-scorer on 31. بارور- فروان - حاصل خیز

sullenly

Someone who acts sullenly seems gloomy, dissatisfied — not happy to be there. If you act sullenly at your grandparents' anniversary party, you can expect to be taken aside and told, "Cheer up. Now." The picture of someone acting sullenly? It's a person slumped in a chair, arms crossed, sighing a lot. The adverb sullenly is used to describe something that's done glumly, or in a very bad-tempered way. Anyone who is in the mood to complain will speak or respond sullenly, like a little kid who's been dragged along on a car trip and speaks up sullenly from time to time to ask, "Are we there yet?" 1.(adv)in a sullen manner Synonyms:dourly, glumly It took a female editor to appreciate Ms. Bracken's witty instructions — "Let it cook five minutes while you light a cigarette and stare sullenly at the sink" — and her easy-to-follow recipes. Then he sat down to stare sullenly at nothing at all on the table. با ترش رویی - عبوسانه

capitalists

Someone who hopes to profit by investing money or financing business ventures is a capitalist. A nation's economy is described as capitalist if it's based on private ownership and profit. The word capitalist appeared in 1791, taken from the French word capitaliste. A capitalist is someone who believes in the economic philosophy of Capitalism, a system of privately-owned, for-profit businesses. A capitalist might believe in free enterprise and the individual's ability to gain wealth through intelligence and hard work. Capitalist can also be used to describe a self-interested, every-man-for-himself approach to the world. 1.(adj)(n)of or relating to capitalism or capitalists 2.(n)a person who invests capital in a business (especially a large business) By ignoring economic and political orthodoxies, he at times successfully married seemingly contradictory or inconsistent positions to win over both hard-core capitalists and the working class. How is the coronavirus pandemic and this season of death an opportunity for gangster capitalists here in America and around the world? سرمایه دار -سرمایه گذاری

seamless

Something seamless could literally be a piece of clothing without seams, but it's usually something else that's smooth or unbroken, like a seamless transition. Seamless things are connected so well that you can't see what's holding them together. They're flowing, consistent, and well-put-together. If an employee leaves, and the replacement does a great job immediately, that's a seamless transition. In basketball, if a team goes from offense to defense without missing a beat, that's seamless play. And that underwear that seems to be made out of one piece of material? Seamless. And super comfortable. 1.(adj)not having or joined by a seam or seams "seamless stockings" Synonyms: broadloom Voter turnout in Loudoun County was nearly 80 percent this year, compared with about 77 percent in 2016, and officials there applauded seamless processes on Election Day. While he slid in seamlessly with his new family, school was not a good fit, after so many years on the streets. we had a very seamless election یک پارچه - بدون درز -

seemingly

Something seemingly true appears to be true. Use the adverb seemingly when you want to say "on the face of it" or "apparently." The word seemingly refers to how things look on the surface — how they seem — and it often suggests there's more to the story. A seemingly broken ankle might actually be sprained, and a seemingly rich man might actually be deeply in debt. While your dog is seemingly well-behaved, he may be eating the garbage when you're not home. Seemingly means about the same as apparently, ostensibly, or surely. 1.(adv)from appearances alone "the child is seemingly healthy but the doctor is concerned" Synonyms:apparently, on the face of it, ostensibly XDA Developers recently dug up an FCC listing for a seemingly near-identical watch called the Mi Watch Lite, which still hasn't been released. "I've seen some crazy stuff when I was working," Johnson said, recalling the seemingly nightly routine of removing at least one customer from the premises. ظاهرا - از قرار معلوم

admonitory

Something that's admonitory is meant to correct or scold. If you're caught throwing paper airplanes in class, your teacher will probably give you an admonitory lecture. Use the adjective admonitory to describe something that's done in a warning or reproachful way. When kids are loud in the library, the librarian might shush them in an admonitory way. If your piano teacher always finds fault with your playing, she is consistently admonitory. The root of admonitory is the verb admonish, which means "to scold or reprimand." The Latin origin of both is admonere, "remind or suggest," but also "warn or urge." 1.(adj)expressing reproof or reproach especially as a corrective Synonyms:admonishing, reproachful, reproving The traffic signals in several of his pictures glow an admonitory red or orange. But it is also hard to avoid the impression that they exist as illustrative figures in an admonitory history lesson. نصیحت امیز - توبیخ امیز توبیخی

conspiratorial

Something that's conspiratorial involves a secret plan with other people. A conspiratorial glance between siblings is bound to make their babysitter nervous. Things done in a conspiratorial way are secretive and sneaky: a meet up between spies is conspiratorial, and several coworkers planning a surprise party for their boss might spend the day communicating in various conspiratorial ways. The adjective comes from its related verb, conspire, "plot," or "make secret plans," from the Latin root conspirare, "to agree, unite, or plot," or literally, "to breathe together." 1.(adj)relating to or characteristic of conspiracy or conspirators "a conspiratorial whisper" Synonyms: conspirative But, as with all rotten things in Trumpworld, his misdeeds at some point boomeranged and became a point of inverted pride in conspiratorial right wing circles. They will target, I fear through violence, the Democratic Party politicians, mainstream media outlets and those they demonize as conspiratorial members of the deep state, such as Dr. Anthony Fauci. توطعه امیز - مرموز

eyesore

Something that's really unpleasant to look at is an eyesore. You could call your apartment building an eyesore if it's a huge, ugly concrete structure that looms over your street. Most eyesores are structures or buildings — an old, decrepit house that's sagging on one side and has a yard full of weeds is probably thought of as an eyesore by most of its neighbors. You might also describe a new hotel as an eyesore if it's painted a strange shade of pink that clashes with the buildings nearby. The word eyesore has been around since the 1500's, from the idea of "something so offensive to the eye that it hurts." 1.(n)something very ugly and offensive And in the meantime, ripped-up streets, partially finished bridges and tunnels, and other massively disruptive eyesores are visible for the length of the track right of way and its 21 stations. The neighbor claimed that the skeleton was an eyesore, and that it scared her children. منظره زشت - بدنما - چشم درد in

fomented

Stand outside the school cafeteria passing out flyers with nutritional details on school food, and you may foment a revolution — foment means stirring up something undesirable, such as trouble. You would never say, "Hooray, we fomented a revolution." Instead you'd say, "Those good for nothing scalawags fomented the rebellion." Don't confuse foment and ferment. Ferment can mean "to stir up" in a good way — a football game can ferment excitement in a town, or foment trouble through traffic tie-ups and litter. 1.(v)try to stir up public opinion Synonyms: agitate, stir up 2.(v)bathe with warm water or medicated lotion "His legs should be fomented" His murder prompted the French president, Emmanuel Macron, to promise a crackdown on Islamist extremism, including shutting down mosques and organisations accused of fomenting radicalism and violence. The possibility of fomenting violent civil conflict in the United States today is quite enough. برانگیختن- تحریک کردن -

stark

Stark means "complete or extreme," like the stark contrast between your music taste — punk and weird metal — and your mom's, with all her 1950's doo-wop favorites. In describing a place, stark means "providing no shelter or sustenance." A barren desert or a room with no furniture or curtains is stark. It can also mean "severe, stern, or austere," like the stark beauty of the rocky cliffs in the west of Ireland. Stark can also be used to mean "totally." If you are called stark, raving mad, there's no question about it: you are acting completely crazy. 1.(adj)severely simple "a stark interior" Synonyms: austere, severe, stern Wednesday afternoon provided a stark look at two vastly different presidencies, one suffused with anger and recrimination in its final days and the other sober and deliberate as it prepares to start. His improvisational abilities provided a stark contrast to the game around him, which was becoming more systematic, more defensive. کامل - خشن - قوی - کاملا

coy

Take the adjective coy for a person who pretends to be shy but really isn't, or someone who could give a definite answer but won't. Coy behavior can be playful or just plain annoying. Originally meaning "quiet and shy," today someone who is coy pretends to be shy in a playful manner — often as a form of flirting. If a politician is coy about something, he or she only gives vague statements on an issue for fear of committing to a position or angering his or her constituency. Common to both of these senses is the fact that a person uses coyness to subtly manipulate his or her audience. 1.(adj)affectedly modest or shy especially in a playful or provocative way Synonyms: demure, overmodest Asked whether he would attend Mr. Biden's inauguration, as is customary for a departing president, Mr. Trump was coy. It is a raw, unsanitised character study, in which Holiday is both combative and vulnerable, coy and revolutionary: a fiery, foul-mouthed thrill-seeker who never sacrificed her integrity. نازکن - خجالتی - فروتن - کمرو

dormant

That old dog was dormant for so long he was confused for a furry doormat, but a doormat is likely to stay dormant, or inactive, because it is lifeless: that old dog has some life in him yet. Volcanoes are described as dormant when they stay cool for a long time, without spewing hot lava and ash. They may have the ability to come to life, but they remain dormant, or inactive. Dormant comes from French dormir, "to sleep," and it refers to living things that are on a break rather than things that have died. Being dormant is being temporarily at rest, although sometimes, as with some cancer cells, things become permanently — and thankfully — dormant. 1.(adj)inactive but capable of becoming active "her feelings of affection are dormant but easily awakened" Synonyms: abeyant Around the world, once-crowded sights lay dormant, with hotels empty and not a tourist in sight. The Dodgers, dormant minutes earlier, were alive and well, energized by Cash's decision to pull his best pitcher. خوابیده - ساکت

gaze

When someone lays eyes on you and keeps looking, it is a gaze or a stare. You can gaze back or just say, "Take a picture; it lasts longer." Gaze is both a verb and a noun. When people daydream, they often gaze off into the distance without focusing on anything. Another type of gaze, though, is to look very intently at something, as when you gaze at the sky making pictures out of clouds. A contest to see who will blink first means taking a long gaze into someone's eyes, and this type of gaze (the noun) will leave your eyes in a bit of a haze when you're done. 1.(n)a long fixed look "he fixed his paternal gaze on me" Synonyms: regard Maybe yours is seeing the Rockettes at Radio City Music Hall and gazing at the Rockefeller Center tree, all done up in lights. This shifting ebb and flow is contrarian: It refuses the ideals of finish and skill, wreaking havoc with the gaze, especially the male one. زل زل نگاه کردن - با دقت نگاه کردن

bordering

When you cross a border from one country into another, you'll need to show your identification papers and maybe a visa to the border patrol officials. A border separates one thing from another, most famously countries. Sometimes neighboring countries have border disputes, if they don't think the lines were drawn fairly or if they don't get along. Borders can also be less official. You might want to plant a border of cabbages along your front walk, or you could sew a border of sequins along the edge of your collar. But you'd have to go easy on the sequins, as too many would "border on the garish." 1.(n)the boundary of a surface Synonyms:edge The pandemic forced North Korea to seal its border with China, its biggest trading partner and aid benefactor, in June. This was not the first time she and Ms. Hernandez were the subject of border patrol agents' suspicions. کنار - حاشیه - مرز

credibility

You have credibility when you seem totally trustworthy or believable. You lose it when you start lying, cheating and acting rather shady. Credibility is a noun that speaks to plausibility or believableness, so the star witness at your trial or the person writing your recommendation letter should certainly have it. Be careful though, because someone with credibility isn't necessarily telling the truth. As any con man or politician can tell you, credibility can easily come from nothing more than a confident smile. 1.(n)the quality of being believable or trustworthy Synonyms:believability, credibleness Such records so often help in building credibility for victims by aligning their accounts with those of police officers. Doing so would also damage U.S. credibility with its allies and partners. اعتبار - قابل قبول بودن - باور کردن

inclement

nclement usually refers to severe or harsh weather that is cold and wet. When packing for a trip to the Caribbean bring tank tops and shorts, but don't forget a raincoat in case of inclement weather. This adjective can also refer to a person or action that is harsh and unmerciful. Inclement is from a Latin root formed from the prefix in- "not" plus clemens "clement." This English adjective clement can mean either mild or merciful; the more commonly used noun clemency can mean mildness or mercy. 1.(adj)(of weather or climate) severe Synonyms: intemperate Plan for inclement weather: bundle up, supply blankets, use fire pits and outdoor heaters. Used to the inclement weather of Ireland, she was — to put it mildly — a fall fanatic! شدید - بی اعتدال

timid

timid Timid means "overly cautious or fearful," like a timid driver who drives very slowly or avoids highways altogether. Timid comes from the Middle French word timide, meaning "easily frightened, shy." Those who are timid often worry that things will go wrong: a timid eater orders bland food to avoid the possibility not liking the flavor of something new, just as a timid partygoer talks to people he already knows, afraid that he won't be able to talk to strangers. 1.(adj)showing fear and lack of confidence Synonyms: unadventurous She starts to share some of her concerns in a timid but sweet voice. He appears in a blinding flash every time she gets close to Jamie, including their first timid kiss in the garden house. ترسو - خجالتی - محجوب - کمرو- خجالت کش

visible

visible If you describe something as visible, you are saying you can see it. Certain things are not visible to the naked eye, but that doesn't mean they are invisible, you may just need a microscope or telescope to see them. The adjective visible also means obvious to the eye. You'd use this sense if you want to point out obvious flaws in an object such as a car with visible dents and scratches. A third meaning for the adjective is easily available or accessible: You may try to be a visible presence in your kids' lives — although sometimes they would prefer that you blend into the woodwork — so that they know they can count on you and come to you with any problem. visible If you describe something as visible, you are saying you can see it. Certain things are not visible to the naked eye, but that doesn't mean they are invisible, you may just need a microscope or telescope to see them. The adjective visible also means obvious to the eye. You'd use this sense if you want to point out obvious flaws in an object such as a car with visible dents and scratches. A third meaning for the adjective is easily available or accessible: You may try to be a visible presence in your kids' lives — although sometimes they would prefer that you blend into the woodwork — so that they know they can count on you and come to you with any problem. 1.(adj)capable of being seen; or open to easy view "a visible object" "visible stars" "mountains visible in the distance" "a visible change of expression" "visible files" Synonyms: seeable While there was little visible campaigning against the ballot measure, D.C. voters weighed in on the proposal at the polls. Biden received plenty of visible and vocal encouragement during his last day on the trail, which included some emotionally charged moments. قابل رویت -نمایان-پدیدار

unaligned

غیر متشکل - بی طرف - غیر وابسته به حزب

is lost on those

لوس شده

penned

نوشتن - گماشتن - بستن - در حبس انداختن

belied

1.(adj)having a belly; often used in combination Synonyms: big-bellied, great bellied having a prominent belly Antonyms: belly less, flat-bellied lacking a prominent belly (adj)curving outward Synonyms: bellying, bulbous, bulging, bulgy, protuberant She said she and the first lady both once "bellied over with laughter" after Mrs. Trump referred to Ivanka Trump — long seen as her father's favorite child — as "Princess." He's become a man of the people, and gladly chatted with fans who bellied up to the bar to meet a Flyer. Commercial trade in white bellied parrots is allowed, but only with strict regulation. افترا زدن به - بد وانمود کردن-دروغ گفتن

offending

1.(adj)offending against or breaking a law or rule "contracts offending against the statute were canceled" Synonyms: sinning transgressing a moral or divine law offensive , violative violating or tending to violate or offend against Antonyms: unoffending not offending They were not merely sound wines that succeed by not offending. New York TimesOct 15, 2020 Prosecutors accuse him of advising the businessman on the offending exports and being present at meetings where the logistics were discussed. رنجیدن - رنجاندن -متخلف-

merited

1.(adj)properly deserved "a merited success" Synonyms: deserved condign fitting or appropriate and deserved; used especially of punishment Antonyms: unmerited But she said it was up to universities to set fees and decide whether what they were offering merited a discount. Biden will try to speak directly to the voters, the person with knowledge of his team's thinking said, and will correct Trump when merited. سزاوار بودن - شایسته بودن - استحقاق داشتن

bootless

1.(adj)unproductive of success Synonyms: fruitless, futile, sleeveless, vain When he last saw Guevara, he described his commandant as exhausted, wounded and bootless — but unbowed. The Hessians, completely disheveled, unbuttoned, bootless, listened intently. بیهوده -بی سود - بی مصرف - بی علاج - عاری از فایده

dissembler

1.(n)a person who professes beliefs and opinions that he or she does not hold in order to conceal his or her real feelings or motives Synonyms: dissimulator, hypocrite, phoney , phony, pretender Kennan, he writes, for all his strengths, was also a craven dissembler, a "two-faced weasel" who disavowed his own responsibility for the collateral costs of containment once it became unfashionable. Mr. Trump is hardly the first dissembler in the White House. ریاکار - دورو

stiffness

1.(n)the physical property of being inflexible and hard to bend Bellinger, a National League Gold Glove finalist, was listed in center field for Game 5 after he was a late switch to designated hitter a night earlier because of back stiffness. In this way, it evades the stiffness of those stories that are able to move forward only by hardening into their possibilities. سفتی- سختی -چوب شدگی

hack

1.(v)(n)cut away 2.(v)fix a computer program piecemeal until it works 3.(v)significantly cut up a manuscript 4.(v)cough spasmodically 5.(v)be able to manage or manage successfully 6.(v)kick on the shins 7.(n)one who works hard at boring tasks 8.(n)a car driven by a person whose job is to take passengers where they want to go in exchange for money Earlier this month, TikTok user @carlyrose352 posted a video showing an easy hack for breaking through the foil sealing bottles of creamer. Despite inspiring the policy change on hacked materials and no longer violating the policy on private information, The New York Post remained suspended, because of a different policy. مزدور - ضریه - کسی که اوریجینال نیست

fabrication

A fabrication is something made up, like a lie. Telling your boss that the subway broke down when in fact you just forgot to set your alarm is a fabrication. The word fabrication was originally used to talk about manufacturing or construction, and it referred to the act of assembling something. Tires and steering wheels are necessary materials for automobile fabrication. Nowadays, the word fabrication is usually used to refer to the act of coming up with a story out of thin air. In this sense, a book of fiction is a fabrication, as is the lie you tell your girlfriend to explain why you forgot her birthday (again). 1.(n)the act of making something (a product) from raw materials "the synthesis and fabrication of single crystals" Synonyms: manufacture, manufacturing (n)the deliberate act of deviating from the truth Synonyms: lying, prevarication Mr. Giuliani, 76, called the footage a "complete fabrication" earlier this week before the film was released and claimed he was caught on camera innocently adjusting his clothing. On Wednesday, Giuliani called the video a "complete fabrication" and said Cohen would be a "stone-cold liar" if he tried to allege that he was acting inappropriately in the scene. ساخت - ساختن - جعلی - تقلبی دروغ

municipal

A municipality refers to a village, town, or city that's usually governed by a mayor and council. From this noun, we get the adjective municipal, which you can use to describe something that relates to a town or its government. Your town's city council may have offices in the municipal building downtown. If you want to fight city hall, that would be the place to go. Municipal also more generally describes anything related to the town or city itself. If you live within the city limits, for example, your house may be hooked into the municipal water supply, but if you live outside the city limits you may have to have your own well. 1.(adj)relating or belonging to or characteristic of a municipality "municipal government" "municipal bonds" "a municipal park" "municipal transportation" Voting at all levels of government in Australia - federal, state and municipal - is compulsory. It was a nice evening in State College, and after dropping her mail-in ballot through a slot at the municipal building, she continued downtown. وابسته به شهرداری - از لحاظ شهرداری

sophomore

A sophomore is in their second year, either in high school or college. Once you became a sophomore, thinking you now knew everything, you pitied the freshmen for their confusion over how to write college papers. Sophomore comes from the word sophism which means "a bad argument that's clever but false," and that's sometimes how sophomores in college act. They're not bright-eyed newcomers anymore, and think they know a lot, but really they've much to learn. We also use the word for other seconds: a band's second album is usually called their sophomore album. 1.(n)a second-year undergraduate Synonyms: soph But the University of Houston sophomore never got it. Daniels enters his sophomore season with plenty of hype, expected to be one of the Pac-12's best quarterbacks. سال دومی - دانشجوی سال دوم

sterotype

A stereotype is a preconceived notion, especially about a group of people. Many stereotypes are rooted in prejudice — so you should be wary of them. You have probably heard stereotypes: commonly held ideas or preconceptions about specific groups. You most often hear about negative stereotypes, but some are positive — the stereotype that tall people are good at basketball, for example. One of many problems with any stereotype is that even if it's true in some cases, it's certainly not true in all cases. 1.(n)a conventional or formulaic conception or image "regional stereotypes have been part of America since its founding" (v)treat or classify according to a mental stereotype "I was stereotyped as a lazy Southern European" Synonyms: pigeonhole, stamp "This narrative played into deeply held racist stereotypes in a county with a notorious history of lynching Black men for perceived insults to the 'honor' of white women." Joni Ernst said opponents were trying to paint her as a "cartoon version of a religious radical, a so-called handmaid that feeds into all of the ridiculous stereotypes." کلیشه ای

engaging

A story, song, or person that is engaging is entertaining, fun, and interesting — you want to see or hear more. To remember the meaning of engaging, it might help to think of what engaged means. When a couple is engaged, they've agreed to get married. When something or somebody is engaging, you want to spend more time with them too. Boring is the complete opposite of engaging. Think of your favorite movie or TV show — especially one you can't stop watching — it must be very engaging. 1.(adj)attracting or delighting "an engaging frankness" Synonyms: piquant "He's not afraid of engaging in a fight, but it's always with great calculation and a clear view of the long term," said Serge Carreira, a lecturer at Sciences-Po in Paris. Of the 200 accounts identified by The Post, Kelley said they did not appear to be using third-party software but were likely real people engaging in behaviors and tactics that the company frowns upon. her engaging personality سرگرم کننده - دلنشین - مطلوب - دلپذیر

surge

A surge is a sudden strong swelling, like a tsunami wave that engulfs the land. Although a surge offers a fluid image, anything can experience a sudden surge, including emotions, political support, or an angry mob. The original Latin word surgere, meaning "to spring up or rise," serves as the basis for the word surge, which refers to a great sudden growth or swelling. If you are watching a sad movie and you experience a sudden surge of emotion, do you quietly reach for a tissue, pretend something's in your eye, or simply weep and sob with reckless abandon? Yeah, me too. Christmas shopping can be dangerous when there is a surge of interest in one toy and desperate shoppers surge into stores trying to grab it up. 1.(v)rise and move, as in waves or billows "The army surged forward" Synonyms: billow, heave "We generally don't think of senior voters as a surge group," Mr. Bonier said. Both candidates said they were encouraged by the surge in early voting in Charleston County. موج - موج خروشان -

meritorious

Anything that's deserving of praise or a reward could be described as meritorious. Meritorious things deserve a lot of merit, usually because they were very brave or noble in some way. If you saved a person from drowning, that's meritorious. Firefighters and doctors have meritorious careers because they're dedicated to helping people. Giving money to charity is meritorious. When something is meritorious, it deserves praise and thanks. 1.(adj)deserving reward or praise "a lifetime of meritorious service" "meritorious conduct" Synonyms: meritable Many of the GOP's litigation concerns are meritorious in principle. What I'm saying is, this is the context in which various proposals to regulate tech — both the meritorious and the inane — are being developed. شایستگی - مستحق

Aplomb

Aplomb is the ultimate test for cool: grace under pressure. Use aplomb to show great restraint under even the most trying circumstances. In retail, it's always a good idea to handle the angry customers with aplomb. Angry at the long lines at the grocery store? Irritated because the driver ahead cut you off? Take a deep breath, and approach life's messes with aplomb. When you think of aplomb, think cool, calm and collected. Not frazzled, furious, and fiery. Aplomb comes from the French word meaning "perpendicularity," from the phrase à plomb for "poised upright, balanced." 1.(n)great coolness and composure under strain Synonyms: assuredness, cool, poise, sang-froid And not only did Max Mosley survive that, he survived it with aplomb. Harris, the first Black woman and South Asian to be nominated on a major party ticket, sailed through the debate with aplomb. اعتماد به نفس - حالت عمودی- اطمینان به خود

beyond

Beyond is an adverb that means "in addition" or "farther along." If you're headed to the silo beyond the barn, that means you're going to the silo that's on the far side of the barn. Beyond is related to the word yonder, which you might have heard in expressions like, "Over yonder hill, you'll see a picket fence." Yonder kind of means "that one over there, in the distance." Beyond is past yonder. If you're going above and beyond, it means you're doing more than was expected. If you're beyond Kelly in your math homework, it means you've done more than she has. And if the show was beyond your expectations, it was better than you had hoped. 1.(adv)farther along in space or time or degree "through the valley and beyond" "to the eighth grade but not beyond" "will be influential in the 1990s and beyond" 2.(adv)in addition "agreed to provide essentials but nothing beyond" فراتر -دورتر

cuisine

Cuisine is a type of food that is cooked in a specific way based on a culture's ingredients, region, and traditions. If you're craving cannoli, a visit to Chinatown doesn't make much sense, since cheese is more characteristic of Italian cuisine. Boiling an egg or flipping burgers on the grill is cooking. But if you want to create cuisine, you need to understand how to prepare the culinary specialties of a particular country or culture. To make Italian cuisine, for example, you'll need to chop garlic, roll out pasta dough, and simmer pots of tomato sauce. When the word "fine" is attached to cuisine, it describes the food at a fancy restaurant that will part you with a good portion of your money. 1.(n)the practice or manner of preparing food or the food so prepared Synonyms: culinary art On her journey, she's introduced to different types of cuisines and learns why each one is valuable. They landed on their mutual interest in food and discussed the intersection of food and language, specifically how it functions in Indian cuisine, as Ishanee is Indian American. دستپخت-روش اشپزی-خوراک -غذا

doubt

Doubt is distrust or suspicion. When your kid sister explains that a robber broke in and ate your entire chocolate stash, most likely you feel doubt. When you're in doubt, you really can't tell what's true and what's false, whether that's a news story or whether you want to marry someone or whether you'll survive Med school. The Latin root of doubt is dubitāre, "to hesitate, waver," and when you doubt something you're wavering: I think I believe you, but maybe I don't. But maybe I do. But maybe not? One thing not to doubt is the silent b. Pronounce: DOWT. 1.(n)the state of being unsure of something Synonyms: doubtfulness, dubiety, dubiousness, incertitude, uncertainty Antonyms: certainty the state of being certain "I doubt that she will accept his proposal of marriage" (v)lack confidence in or have doubts about "I doubt these reports" But this year, with Trump decrying mail-in ballots as a source of voter fraud, Republican voters are expressing unaccustomed doubts. So too, no doubt, did fans watching on TV back in Tampa, Florida. شک -شک داشتن -تردید -دودلی

former

Former refers to something that came at an earlier time, or before something else. For example, someone who believes in reincarnation might wonder about their former life — or even lives — before their present existence. When something or someone has changed, we can refer to them as former. For example, Mr. Smith's ex-wife could be known as the former Mrs. Smith. We could consider almost anything as former, as long as it comes first, before something else. A good way to remember the meaning of former is to consider that it comes from the Old English forma, which means "first," and that both former and first begin with "f." 1.(n)the first of two or the first mentioned of two " Tom and Dick were both heroes but only the former is remembered today" Antonyms:latter The values that molded Pence, a former congressman and Indiana governor, first loom into view on the drive into Columbus. The daughter of an African American mother and Puerto Rican father, the 47-year-old grew up in one of the roughest neighbourhoods of Camden, New Jersey, a struggling former shipbuilding port on the Delaware river. سابق-پیشین

charismatic

If all kinds of people are attracted to you, you are charismatic. Most great leaders in history have been charismatic, like John F. Kennedy and Ronald Reagan. People who have powerful personalities that attract and fascinate other people are charismatic. Charismatic people are popular and beloved: they are full of charm and magnetism. Being charismatic is the opposite of being boring or dull. Often, the term is applied to people in politics, or to religious leaders, but there are charismatic people everywhere. 1.(adj)possessing an extraordinary ability to attract "a charismatic leader" Synonyms: magnetic attractive pleasing to the eye or mind especially through beauty or charm They flocked to a new party - Future Forward - whose smart and charismatic young leaders espoused a strong anti-military viewpoint. They flocked to a new party — Future Forward — whose smart and charismatic young leaders espoused a strong anti-military viewpoint پرجذبه - جاذبه دار -

conform

If all your friends wear jeans to school and you wear checkered slacks, you could say you reject conformity — doing the same thing as everyone else. Conformity usually refers to people's behavior or looks, but it can also be used to describe something that matches the form of something else — for example, a one-story house built in conformity to the low-slung buildings that surround it. It's common for conformity to follow the word in. 1.(n)correspondence in form or appearance Synonyms: conformance (n)compliance with accepted standards, rules, or norms "their financial statements are in conformity with generally accepted accounting practices" Synonyms: abidance, compliance, conformation Antonyms: disobedience, non compliance the failure to obey Prosecutors say the report provides a foundation for the state's theory that Ramos was not mentally ill and acted in conformity with other mass shooters' behaviors. What moved her to this was a quote by Ralph Waldo Emerson about nonconformity that "woke" her: "Your genuine action will explain itself and will explain your other genuine actions. Your conformity explains nothing." مطابقت کردن-وفق دادن-پیروی کردن

bipartisan

If something is bipartisan, it has the support of two political parties that normally don't agree on much. You might read about a bipartisan plan to improve the school system where you live. The word bipartisan is easy to figure out when you break it apart: bi-, meaning "two," plus partisan, meaning "supporter of a party." So something that's bipartisan involves two parties finding enough common ground to support the same thing. A key aspect of something that's bipartisan is that the two parties involved typically hold opposing views about the best way to do things, so a bipartisan agreement is one that likely involved a lot of effort, compromise, and cooperation. 1.(adj)supported by both sides Synonyms: bipartizan , two-party, two-way After World War II, a freshly translated edition led to ever-increasing attention, in part because Tocqueville's observations possessed bipartisan appeal. Spanberger led a bipartisan group of lawmakers in protecting the ReConnect program when its funding was threatened last year and sponsored legislation to add tens of millions of dollars to the program. دوحزبی-دودستگی

supersede

If you click on the link after this description, a new screen will supersede, or replace, this one. A longer description will supplant, or supersede, by replacing this brief one. Most words that include super have something good going on. Supersede is from the 16th-century Latin for "sit on top," and it often means to replace with something better. A version 10 of a computer game will supersede, version 9, making it more exciting. Unfortunately, a person might be replaced too, as in "the younger running back will supersede the veteran player as he gets older." To supersede is generally a good thing, but being superseded is not always that great for the replaced person. 1.(v)take the place or move into the position of Synonyms: replace, supercede, supervene upon, supplant replace substitute a person or thing for (another that is broken or inefficient or lost or no longer working or yielding what is expected) Goldman reiterated its bullish 2021 view for both natural gas and oil, saying drivers for higher prices supersede the potential outcomes of the U.S. election. Among Hispanic evangelicals cheering for Mr. Trump, Christianity is almost a kind of nationality, one that supersedes all else. جایگزین کردن

deface

If you deface something, you've blemished or disfigured it in some way. For example, graffiti can deface a statue. To deface something means to damage it or just mess up its appearance. And sometimes it's both: Throwing a cup of coffee on a valuable painting ruins the face of the painting, so we say it's been defaced. Drawing a mustache on a painting is another way to deface it. What did the Mona Lisa say to the museum visitor holding a marker? "Don't mess up deface!" 1.(v)mar or spoil the appearance of "scars defaced her cheeks" Synonyms :blemish, disfigure The mural was defaced with the words "Trump," "LAM" and "BOO" in red spray paint around 2 a.m. on Oct. The blast defaced the capital, killing nearly 200 people, and injured over 6,000. - محو کردن -از شکل انداختن -بد شکل کردن اسیب فزیکی زدن

outright

If you do something outright, you do it in a wholehearted, unrestricted way. If you declare outright that you're never eating another cupcake, that's the end of that. If you eat one anyway, you told an outright lie. If an event is cancelled outright, there's no question about it being rescheduled, and if you buy a new car outright, you pay for it all at once, instead of making monthly payments. Outright means direct and immediate — whether it's an adverb or an adjective: "The child's outright refusal to put on his shoes exasperated his babysitter." It can also mean "right away." If you step on a slug, you'll probably kill it outright. Ew. 1.(adv)(adj)without reservation or exception "she asked him outright for a divorce" "buy outright" Synonyms: straight-out, unlimited 2.(adv)without any delay "buy outright" Synonyms: in a flash, instantaneously, instantly The agency faced skepticism from some state officials and outright hostility from others who feared a federal takeover of elections. The complaint, a copy of which was provided to The Washington Post, describes how career prosecutors' recommendation to convene a grand jury first stagnated before being rejected outright. کاملا - بیدرنگ -یک جا - اشکارا -فورا - سریع

epitomize

If you epitomize something, you're a perfect example of that thing. If you never get nervous when playing basketball and can always make that last-second shot, your teammates might say you epitomize mental toughness. A person can epitomize something — usually an abstract quality, like grace or greed — but epitomize can apply to other things as well. A popular band might epitomize the spirit of the new decade, which means it has all the main characteristics associated with the era's music, like long folksy beards, pretty harmonies, and earnest lyrics. A frustrating situation at work involving careless coworkers might make you say that they epitomize everything that's wrong with your job. 1.(v)embody the essential characteristics of or be a typical example of Synonyms: epitomise, typify If you wrote down a list of what constitutes excellence, said Bill Maher, it would be epitomized by Mr. Baron Cohen. "He epitomizes what success looks like over the long haul," Harbaugh said. تصور کردن - صورت خارجی به چیزی دادن -متمرکز کردن

drift

If you get my drift, you get the basic meaning of what I'm saying. Or, if you move around without a seeming fixed destination, you are said to drift — whether you're a snowflake or just a wanderer. Interestingly, the verb to drift can be used either approvingly or disapprovingly. We rather admire the freedom of certain objects that drift, such as snow drifts or drift wood, but applied to people we're a bit more critical: we tend to harbor suspicions of the carefree Gypsy or nomad, hence the moral criticism (and danger) inherent in the term drifters. 1..(v)(n)be in motion due to some air or water current 2.(v)(n)wander from a direct course or at random 3.(v)move in an unhurried fashion 4.(v)(n)a large mass of material that is heaped up by the wind or by water currents 5.(n)the pervading meaning or tenor 6.(n)a horizontal (or nearly horizontal) passageway in a mine 1.(v)be in motion due to some air or water current "the boat drifted on the lake" "the shipwrecked boat drifted away from the shore" Synonyms: be adrift, blow, float float 2.(v)wander from a direct course or at random "don't drift from the set course" Synonyms: err, stray, cast, ramble, range, roam, roll, rove, stray, swan, tramp, vagabond, wander Soon, 500 drifting ocean floats studded with biogeochemical sensors will deliver answers. Gamma Livestock 12 catches fire, drifts and grounds near Al Butayah in Yemen. He wrestled for months with his decision this year, believing that Biden was a moderate even if the Democrats were drifting leftward. توده - برحرکت درامدن - سرگردان بودن

confound

If you have an identical twin, you've probably tried dressing alike so that people confound you with, or mistake you for, one another. You've also probably learned that, unfortunately, this trick doesn't work on your mom. The verb confound means both "to mistake" and "to confuse." If you decide to treat yourself to a delicious dessert, you might find yourself confounded by the overwhelming number of choices. If you end up ordering the chocolate cake but the waiter brings you chocolate mousse, the waiter has somehow confounded those two options. Another meaning you may come across in literature is "to damn," as in "Confound it! You are the most exasperating person on the planet." 1.(v)be confusing or perplexing to; cause to be unable to think clearly Synonyms: bedevil, befuddle, confuse, discombobulate, fox, fuddle, throw Supreme Court suggested that federal judges typically should not alter rules close to an election, lest they confuse voters and confound the rules made by state election officials. But in a World Series, always watch to see whether one team's excellent pitching confounds the other team's super hitting. کیج کردن - سراسیمه کردن - پریشان کردن

minority

If you have eight pennies and twelve dimes, the minority — or smaller portion — of your coins are pennies. If you're left-handed, you are in the minority, because most people are right-handed. That means that right-handed people are the majority (the opposite of minority). Minority is typically used to refer to the smaller of two numbers being compared or to a group of people that is not predominant in a particular country or population. Less commonly, it refers to the time period before someone is of legal age. 1.(n)being or relating to the smaller in number of two parts "when the vote was taken they were in the minority" "he held a minority position" Antonyms: bulk, majority the property resulting from being or relating to the greater in number of two parts; the main part (n)a group of people who differ racially or politically from a larger group of which it is a part 2.(n)any age prior to the legal age Synonyms: nonage Antonyms: legal age, majority the age at which persons are considered competent to manage their own affairs They are first deployed against unpopular or relatively powerless minorities, and then spread to other groups. Gibney was ruling in response to a lawsuit filed by voter advocacy groups, which argued that Tuesday's disruption affected thousands, with a disproportionate impact on racial and ethnic minorities and younger voters. بخش کمتر- اقلیت

gregarious

If you know someone who's outgoing, sociable, and fond of the company of others, you might want to call her gregarious. The word was originally used to describe animals that live in flocks — it's from the Latin word grex, meaning "herd." Not surprisingly, people began using it to describe humans who liked being in groups. Today biologists still speak of gregarious species, but you're more likely to hear it in reference to people. Despite what you might suspect, it has no historical connection to the name Gregory — but if you know an outgoing fellow with that name, you could call him Greg-arious. 1.(adj)instinctively or temperamentally seeking and enjoying the company of others "he is a gregarious person who avoids solitude" Synonyms: social The team looked only at interactions of male chimpanzees because males are quite gregarious and form a lot of friendships, whereas females are more tied to family groups. Roberta McCain was the gregarious and stylish center of gravity for her family, which was near the center of American military and political power for more than a half-century. گروه دوست - اجتماعی - گروهی- خوش مشرب

briefing

If you plan on going to the briefing at the White House, you'd better bring your audio recorder. These informational sessions can get very detailed, and you'll need to review the audio record. When a lawyer appears before a court, they bring with them a "brief," a detailed explanation of their case that's anything but brief. This brief is a sort of briefing for the judge on the details of the case. Whenever you give someone a detailed explanation or set of instructions about something, it's a briefing. Briefing is the noun form of the word brief. The White House press corps meets in the "briefing room" to get briefed on the news of the president's day. 1.(n)detailed instructions, as for a military operation "We need a speedy and transparent resolution for the sake of Mr. Wallace, his family, the officers and for all of Philadelphia," he said during the briefing. "From what I've heard of the lawsuit's allegation, it doesn't sound right at all to me," de Blasio said at his daily news briefing. مختصر سازی - خلاصه کردن

piddling

If your part time job pays badly, you might describe your income as piddling, or insignificant. Why does English have so many words for suggesting that something is contemptibly small? The adjective piddling is a favorite choice when sums of money are concerned; a more dignified, but no less contemptuous word, is paltry. Piddling comes from piddle, which has changed in meaning over the years — in the early 1600's it meant "pick at one's food," while by the late 1700's it meant "to urinate." 1.adj(informal) small and of little importance Synonyms: fiddling, footling, lilliputian, little, niggling, petty, picayune, piffling, trivial جزیی - ناچیز - بی اهمییت

refractory

Imagine yourself pulling a dog who doesn't want to walk. The dog is refractory, or stubbornly resisting your authority. adj :stubbornly resistant to authority or control,not responding to treatment If you think his "private discipline" sounds like the "double secret probation" levied by Dean Wormer on the refractory brothers of the Delta frat in the movie "Animal House," you won't get an argument here. For many patients, first-line treatment buys little or no relief, and relapsed or refractory disease entails more-intensive treatment and a worse outlook. مقاوم .سرکش . سرسخت

mercurial

Mercurial describes someone whose mood or behavior is changeable and unpredictable, or someone who is clever, lively, and quick. With a mercurial teacher, you never know where you stand. Mercury was the ancient Roman god of commerce and messenger of the gods, and the planet Mercury was named after the Roman god. In Middle English, this adjective meant "relating to the planet or god Mercury" and derives from Latin mercuriālis, from Mercurius "Mercury." A mercurial personality has the unpredictability associated with the god Mercury or, in astrology, is supposedly influenced by the planet. 1.(adj)liable to sudden unpredictable change "mercurial twists of temperament" Synonyms: erratic, fickle, quicksilver 2.(adj)relating to or containing or caused by mercury "mercurial preparations" "mercurial sore mouth" Consider what the sport is attempting to do: Be the first major American league to complete a full-length season through the mercurial winds of this pandemic, start to finish, without a dramatic disruption. Cox is odds-on with bookmakers' to win best actor in a drama for his portrayal of the mercurial billionaire media tycoon Logan Roy, in Succession. چالاک - زرنگ -

haven

Need to find shelter, from the weather or from other troubles? Then you need a haven. Haven looks a lot like heaven, and the words have quite a bit in common. A haven isn't necessarily as wonderful as heaven is supposed to be, but it is a good place to find when you're in trouble or someone is after you. This word often appears in the phrase "safe haven," which is a good reminder of its meaning. A haven is a safe place, and people who are in trouble tend to seek havens. 1.(n)a sheltered port where ships can take on or discharge cargo Synonyms: harbor, harbour, seaport (n)a shelter serving as a place of safety or sanctuary Synonyms: oasis Foreign-exchange markets were the first to open Monday, with attention focused on the outlook for havens such as the Japanese yen and riskier currencies like the Australian dollar. Places like Sag Harbor ultimately provided a haven for Black people that sought an escape from the daily insults of a racist society. جایگاه

opulent

Opulent is a word that you will hear a lot around rich people looking to show off. "Remember the opulent buffet at Carrie's sweet sixteen? Sixteen chocolate cakes iced in gold leaf!" If you want to remember that opulent is a word describing lavish displays of wealth, you can think of the word opal to help you remember it — opal being a rare gem. And if you are lucky enough to be able to afford opulence yourself, don't describe it that way. The word contains connotations of pretentious. And gold leaf cake aside, who wants that 1.(adj)rich and superior in quality Synonyms: deluxe, gilded, grand, luxurious, princely, sumptuous I think I am fascinated by syntax and always felt its power, and the poems that moved me most greatly were not the most verbally opulent. Supermarkets are a Willy Wonka factory where gloss, abundance and free samples convince us to ignore whatever problems such an opulent feast creates. ثروتمند - به طور غنی - غنا - سرشار

altruistic

Someone who is altruistic always puts others first. An altruistic firefighter risks his life to save another's life, while an altruistic mom gives up the last bite of pie so her kid will be happy. This word comes from the Old French altruistic and means "other people" and before that the Latin alter, which means "other." Our current word comes from the nineteenth century and comes from philosophy. It means that it's important for people to be concerned with the good of others and to act unselfishly. When the word refers to the animal world, it means behavior that may actually harm the individual animal but will benefit the species in general. This is a truly selfless act! 1.(adj)showing unselfish concern for the welfare of others Synonyms: selfless unselfish disregarding your own advantages and welfare over those of others In this case, Facebook's success seems to be in part due to the fact it's been able to frame its motivations as altruistic while painting Apple as an avaricious monolith. From its earliest days, Black electoral solidarity was as an act of self-preservation, not an attempt to be the altruistic saviors of American democracy. دوستانه -بشردوستانه

taciturn

Someone who is taciturn is reserved, not loud and talkative. The word itself refers to the trait of reticence, of seeming aloof and uncommunicative. A taciturn person might be snobby, naturally quiet, or just shy. Having its origin in the Latin tacitus, "silent," taciturn came to be used in mid-18th-century English in the sense "habitually silent." Taciturnity is often considered a negative trait, as it suggests someone uncommunicative and too quiet. Jane Austen wrote, "We are each of an unsocial, taciturn disposition, unwilling to speak, unless we expect to say something that will amaze the whole room, and be handed down to posterity with all the éclat of a proverb." 1.(adj)habitually reserved and uncommunicative Synonyms: incommunicative, uncommunicative One aspect of this "Americanness" involved the image of the lone male — tall, taciturn, remote, just like Hopper — bravely forging his own path. Tall and taciturn like the airport's namesake, Orange County Sheriff's Deputy Robert Witteman wore the look of an annoyed neighbor after kids trampled his lawn. کم حرف- کم سخن - کم گفتار -خاموش- ارام

delecatable

Something delectable is extremely delicious or appealing. Nothing tastes better at the end of a meal than an array of delectable desserts and pastries! Don't let the de- at the beginning of delectable fool you. There is nothing negative about this word. Related to delicious through the Latin word for delight, if something is delectable, it is very tasty! Maybe your mom has promised you a delectable dinner of lobster and steak for your birthday meal? 1.(adj)extremely pleasing to the sense of taste Synonyms: delicious, luscious, pleasant-tasting, scrumptious, toothsome, yummy (adj)capable of arousing desire "the delectable Miss Haynes" Synonyms: sexually attractive And fruit and vegetable charcuterie offers the allure of bright colors, intriguing textures, and flavors that are simultaneously familiar and delectably different. The menu is broad enough to include Caesar salad, veal scaloppine and a burger served with delectable skinny french fries that a discerning friend says "pass my test: they don't need ketchup." خوشمزه

prodigious

Something exceptional, substantial, or great is prodigious. A blizzard includes prodigious wind and snow. A prodigious writer is one who can write a lot and do it well. Prodigious is a word for things that are impressive. If you have prodigious strength, you're very strong. If your cat had a prodigious litter of kittens, then you've got a houseful of kittens. This is a strong word that's also kind of formal. Save it for things that really blow you away because of their quality or quantity. A little drizzle isn't a prodigious rain, but a storm that floods a whole city certainly is. 1.(adj)so great in size or force or extent as to elicit awe "a prodigious storm" Synonyms: colossal, stupendous This attention, this promise not to interrupt, this act of breathing free, is prodigious. James was named Finals MVP, while Davis fulfilled every bit of his prodigious potential, delivering in clutch moments and captaining a disciplined defense. شگرف - حیرت اور

expected

Something expected is likely to happen: it's probable. During winter, snow is expected. When you expect something, you anticipate that it will happen. As people age, they expect some grey hair. Things described as expected are things people know will probably happen. For football players, many injuries are expected. If you have a baby, many changes in your life are expected. For example, it's expected that the baby will often cry, causing the parents to lose sleep. Expected things are the opposite of surprising things. No one is surprised by an expected event. 1.(adj)considered likely or probable to happen or arrive "prepared for the expected attack" Synonyms: anticipated, awaited, hoped-for The education minister, Jean-Michel Blanquer, is due to meet teacher and parent representatives on Saturday and is expected to release a message of solidarity to all school staff and pupils' families afterwards. The next high tide was expected Saturday evening. انتظار داشتن

innumerable

Something innumerable can't be counted — there are just too many, like the stars in the sky. Innumerable things are infinite. Things that are countless, multitudinous, myriad, numberless, uncounted, or unnumerable are also called innumerable: you couldn't count them if you tried. There are a lot of countries in the world, but they aren't innumerable. On the other hand, the number of drops in the ocean is definitely innumerable. And if you wanted to be really nice, you'd say "Her charms are innumerable!" Even though you could probably count all of her good qualities. 1.(adj)too numerous to be counted "innumerable difficulties" Synonyms: countless, infinite, innumerous, multitudinous, myriad, numberless, uncounted, unnumberable, unnumbered, unnumerable They also demonstrated at the state Capitol to oppose executions, and Davis made innumerable visits to the prisoners on Georgia's death row. The tide rises, a crowd returning from a stadium, abstract sound of innumerable specifics reentering the shoreline's boroughs. غیرقابل شمارش-بی حد وحصر - بی شمار -متعدد

protracted

Something protracted has been drawn out, usually in a tedious way. Protracted things are long and seem like they're never going to end. Anything protracted is lasting longer than you would like. A speech that seems to go on forever is protracted. If an employer and a union can't reach an agreement, there could be a protracted strike. Before a movie, the previews are almost always protracted — they never seem to stop. If something is long and annoying, and there's no good reason it couldn't be shorter, it's protracted. 1.(adj)relatively long in duration; tediously protracted "protracted negotiations" Synonyms: drawn-out, extended, lengthy, prolonged As a result, New York's recovery is very likely to be slow and protracted, economists said. Unlike neighbouring Greater Manchester, Mr Anderson did not enter protracted negotiations over an aid package for tier three. دنباله دار - مدید -طولانی - ممتد

soporific

Something that is soporific is sleep-inducing. Certain medicines, but also extreme coziness, can have a soporific effect. In the 1680's, soporific, which doubles as both adjective and noun, was formed from the French soporifique. That word, in turn, came from the Latin sopor "deep sleep." Beloved Peter Rabbit author Beatrix Potter once noted that, "It is said that the effect of eating too much lettuce is 'soporific'." 1.(adj)sleep inducing Synonyms :hypnagogic, hypnogogic, somniferous, somnific , soporiferous The Tour director, Christian Prudhomme, talks often of cycling's need to cater to "generation zapping", and of making the race less soporific, more friendly to a younger audience fixated by social media and soundbites. Mazzy Star sounded like they existed in their own ambiguous world, somehow apart from whatever else was happening in music: becalmed but faintly disturbing, soporific but never boring, austere but hard not to succumb to. داروی خواب اور - خواب الود

spotty

Something that's spotty is uneven or inconsistent, especially in quality. If you can never rely on your internet connection when you're trying to watch a movie, you can call the connection spotty. The spotty reporting of your local newspaper means that every once in a while it publishes a well-written, newsworthy article, but often it's not worth reading. And your spotty attention during biology class probably means you'll need extra review sessions before you take the final exam. You can also use this adjective to mean "spotted" or "covered with spots," like your spotty Dalmatian puppy. 1.(adj)lacking consistency "the golfer hit the ball well but his putting was spotty" Synonyms: scratchy, uneven That broad consensus, hard-fought and very spotty, was by and large the consensus that mainstream conservatives accepted by the middle of the 20th century. Wojciak, 39, said Trump's spotty use of masks and repeated attempts to downplay the seriousness of the coronavirus - even after being hospitalized for it himself - is "not presidential at all." الوده - پر از لکه -ابری* ناهمگون(نه خوبه نه بده

succesive

Successive is a word for things (or people) that follow each other in time. If three presidents in a row were over sixty, you could say, "Three successive presidents were over sixty." Successive is a word that comes up often when you're looking at the history of something. Back in the 1960s, eight successive Boston Celtics teams won the NBA championship. In school, if you do very well, you could get an A in three successive math classes. Even though successive has the word success in it, it's not necessarily a good thing: you could also miss ten successive free throws. 1.(adj)in regular succession without gaps Synonyms: consecutive, sequent, sequential, serial An unusually quiet Saturday in England, with only three games, also sees Chelsea visit Burnley seeking a fourth successive clean sheet. Police officers arriving on the scene shot and killed Wallace, a 27-year-old Black man, setting off successive nights of protests, looting and property damage. پیاپی - پشت سرهم

sustain

Sustain means to support something or keep it going. If you get hungry in the mid-afternoon, you might try snacking to sustain your energy through dinner. Beams and rafters sustain a roof — they keep it up. If you sustain a conversation over the course of hours, you keep it going during that time. If you sustain an injury, it means you are injured. If you sustain an interest in what you're studying, it means that you're just as excited about the subject after studying as you are when you began. 1.(v)lengthen or extend in duration or space "We sustained the diplomatic negotiations as long as possible" Synonyms: keep up, prolong He sustained his shoulder injuries sliding headfirst at the end of the season and hasn't stayed healthy since. The narratives are shaped by media commentary, pundits' predictions and highly unscientific polls, sustained by pricey campaigns and sometimes complicated by studio smear tactics. نگهداشتن - تقویت کردن - تحمل کردن - حمایت کردن

populace

The populace is a way to refer to a group of people in general, like the masses or a population. Populace, in its original use, was a negative way of referring to ordinary people, as opposed to rich, privileged, or royal people. A king might try to understand the mindset of the populace, but it's likely that he had no idea what their lives were really like. Populace can also be a neutral term that refers to a group of people living in a particular place. For example, New York City has a populace of about eight million people. 1.(n)people in general considered as a whole Synonyms: public, world First Africa rebelled, then the Senate with the entire populace of Rome, and finally all of Italy conspired against him. In the highly sectarian political ecosystem, politicians lose the incentive to be responsive to the entire populace. توده مردم - عامه

A given

The use of a given as a noun is different from the use of given alone. For instance, a person's given name is the one given by his or her parents (a "first name" in the United States), and we might also say, "The truth differs from the given explanation." Here, given explanation just means the explanation that someone gave. Simple. However, a given means something taken for granted, something assumed or that does not require proof. For instance: When planning my wedding, it was a given that my parents would invite anyone they wanted, since they were paying for everything. It's a given that everyone here is against human trafficking—what we disagree about is the best way to fight it. یک چیزی را قبول کردن یا اعطا شده یا مفروض

iconoclastic

The word iconoclastic is an adjective referring to a breaking of established rules or destruction of accepted beliefs. It might refer to an artist with an unorthodox style, or an iconoclastic attack, either physical or verbal, on a religious doctrine or image. Consider the Greek word eikōn, or "image," coupled with -klastēs, "one who breaks," and you get a good image of someone who is iconoclastic. An iconoclastic approach to religion involves tearing down the icons representing the church. While this was once done physically, through riots and mayhem, today's iconoclasts usually prefer using words. Not all iconoclasts are destructive, however. An iconoclastic approach to art and music has given rise to the development of new genres and styles through breaking the rules. 1.(adj)characterized by attack on established beliefs or institutions Synonyms: unorthodox 2.(adj)destructive of images used in religious worship; said of religions, such as Islam, in which the representation of living things is prohibited Synonyms: destructive Next, DeChambeau will turn his iconoclastic deliberations toward conquering the Augusta National Golf Club, site of the Masters Tournament in two months. بت شکنی -ویران کنی

sanctuary

The word sanctuary has religious roots, and can refer to a temple or church, but its use has broadened to include anywhere people go for peaceful tranquility or introspection. Your pickup truck might be your sanctuary if that's where you can clear your head. Historically, a sanctuary is the holiest of holy places — a temple or church. Now, it's a word for anywhere a person feels especially safe and serene. People might call their homes their sanctuary, or a beautiful spot in a quiet woods can be described as a sanctuary. It can also be a way to refer to shelter or asylum from political danger, such as: "The forbidding jungle can offer sanctuary to the guerrilla rebels." 1.(n)a consecrated place where sacred objects are kept (n)area around the altar of a church for the clergy and choir; often enclosed by a lattice or railing Synonyms: bema, chancel (n)a shelter from danger or hardship Synonyms: asylum, refuge Ms. Faizi said she felt relaxed and free inside the sanctuary of the gym. "We dream of many more sanctuaries with devils in them and really growing the numbers of the species to protect that species, but also the animals in the environment around them," she said. جایگاه-محراب-حرم

sequester

The word sequester describes being kept away from others. If your sister tells you to stay out of the way so she can cook dinner for her new boyfriend, you might sequester yourself in your room. Legal types may be familiar with the word sequester since it's often used in relation to a jury for an important trial. In that case, members of the jury are sequestered, meaning they aren't allowed to watch the news or read articles that could influence their judgment. However, sequester can describe anyone who is isolated or hidden away from others, like a pop star sequestered in a hotel room, protected from fans' mania below. 1.(v)keep away from others "He sequestered himself in his study to write a book" Synonyms: seclude, sequestrate, withdraw This time was different: a postseason of unusual circumstances, the team sequestered for weeks in a playoff bubble in Texas, the players separated from their extended families and friends because of the coronavirus pandemic. Seniors are increasingly demanding more activities and environmentally sensitive and walkable communities, rather than sequestered, gated or golf course developments that require driving everywhere, Professor Dunham-Jones found. جدا کردن - مصادره کردن -توقیف کردن

reprobate

There's no way around it, a reprobate is a bad egg. The black sheep of the family, missing a moral compass — a reprobate's been called everything from a deviant to an evildoer to a scoundrel. Selfish, depraved, disreputable, a reprobate is not known for his inner goodness. In fact, reprobates were once considered "rejected by God," the meaning of the noun in the 1500s. Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, a reprobate was a popular literary character, sometimes amusing, as noted in Henry James' Daisy Miller, "What a clever little reprobate she was, and how smartly she played an injured innocence!" 1.(n)a person without moral scruples Synonyms: miscreant 2.(adj)deviating from what is considered moral or right or proper or good the reprobate conduct of a gambling aristocrat" Synonyms: depraved, perverse, perverted (v)express strong disapproval of "These ideas were reprobated" Synonyms: condemn, decry, excoriate, objurgate 2.(v)reject (documents) as invalid Antonyms: approbate accept (documents) as valid This unfailingly polite young lady — "Yes, please," "No, please" — jabs the old reprobate in the eye and runs off. Throughout the interview he describes himself, variously, as the "serial pest nuisance of Melbourne" and "an old reprobate, easily forgiven". فاسد-اخلاق بد

adumbrate

To adumbrate something is to outline it. In an English essay, you could adumbrate the themes in a novel; or, in a letter to Santa, you could adumbrate all the ways you have been behaving. Adumbrate is built on the Latin root umbra, "shade," and the image it evokes is of a shadow being cast around something. Your outline is like a shadow of something bigger — like the themes in that novel or the ways you have been behaving. You can also use adumbrate to mean "foreshadow": "The scene where the princess dreams of the vampire adumbrates her later discovery that her little brother is, in fact, a vampire." 1.(v)describe roughly or briefly or give the main points or summary of Synonyms: outline, sketch In between, works by contemporaries complicate superficial ideas about his meteoric genius, and small, delicate drawings teem with an abundance of ideas — paintings never made, thoughts adumbrated then abandoned. His work on neuroscience and his initial support of McCulloch and Pitts adumbrated the startlingly effective deep-learning methods of the present day. مبهم کردن - سایه افکندن بر - طرح چیزی را نشان دادن

augur

To augur is to predict or indicate. A black cat passing in front of you is said to augur bad luck, but if you love cats you can choose to believe that it augurs good luck instead. In the past, when you said you would augur the future it meant you would predict it. That form of augur is rarely used today, but the sense of prediction — connected to an object or event — remains. Dark clouds augur a rainstorm. If you skip a dress rehearsal before opening night of a show, it won't augur well for your performance. The Latin root stems from an ancient Roman religious official who predicted the future from omens. (v)indicate by signs Synonyms: auspicate, betoken, bode, forecast, foreshadow, foretell, omen, portend, predict, prefigure, presage, prognosticate "This augurs well for the use of the new generation of space sensors to aid nations' efforts to meet their commitments under the Paris Agreement." Wirth said Middle Eastern commercial and diplomatic relations "are becoming more codified and stronger, that's a trend that we think augurs well for the region." پیش بینی کردن - پیش بینی

exceed

To exceed is to go beyond expectations, or to go too far. If you exceed the speed limit, you might get a speeding ticket. Exceed and excess share the Latin root excedere meaning to "go beyond." An excess is too much of something, like the piles of candy after Halloween, and exceed means the action of going too far in a good or bad way. You exceed in school when you get straight A's. When Dr. Jekyll transforms into Mr. Hyde, he experiences "a grinding in the bones, deadly nausea, and a horror of the spirit that cannot be exceeded at the hour of birth or death." No thanks! It helps to remember that like speed, exceed ends with -eed. 1.(v)be or do something to a greater degree "This exceeds all my expectations" Synonyms: outdo, outgo, outmatch, outperform, outstrip, surmount, surpass America's current political campaign presents this challenge to a degree that exceeds historical experience. The fund-raising hauls by both Mr. Biden and Mr. Trump, when combined with party money, already far exceed that threshold. تجاوز کردن - متجاوز بودن - قدم فراتر نهادن

impugn

To impugn means to call into question or attack as wrong. If your usually grumpy brother is suddenly nice and sweet, you'll impugn his motives if you're smart — he probably just wants something from you. The root of impugn is the Latin pugnare which means "to fight," so when you impugn, you are fighting or attacking, but by saying that something is false or wrong. If a candidate has a record that cannot be impugned, his or her opponent might go for a character attack. If you take pride in your work, you will be especially insulted if someone impugns your professionalism or integrity. 1.(v)attack as false or wrong "We believe she is using government resources," Varoga said, "to discredit and impugn the entire process." "It's hard to impugn intent and to understand the intent," said Zuckerberg. اعتراض کردن

mince

To mince is to chop into tiny bits. Your favorite soup recipe might include directions to mince four cloves of garlic. When you dice an onion into very small pieces, you mince it, and when you grind meat very fine to make sausage or mincemeat, you also mince. Another meaning of the verb is to soften, or to express something in a gentle way: "She doesn't mince her words." This word can also mean to walk in a dainty manner, like the way your 7-year-old niece might mince across the floor while pretending to be a fancy princess. The Old French root, mincier, means "make into small pieces," and it comes from the Latin word for "small," minutus. mince 1.(v)(n)cut into small pieces 2.(v)make less severe or harsh 3.(v)walk daintily I also relied on minced garlic and onion rather than fresh for the seasoning. In it, she plays Oraetta Mayflower, a nurse with a polite manner, a mincing gait and a habit of murdering her patients. قیمه - ریزه - تیکه تیکه کردن -ارام راه رفتن - با ناز

uneven

Uneven is the opposite of uniform and predictable. If the road is uneven, it's bumpy and rough, and you'll have to dodge the potholes. If your performance as Hamlet is uneven, your "To be or not to be" might be brilliant, but you mumble through "Get thee to a nunnery!" If the economic recovery is uneven, it's not the same in every sector — maybe manufacturing and exports are picking up steam but the housing market is still lagging. If your soccer team of skinny 12-year-olds is up against a team of beefy 16-year-old giants, it's an uneven match and likely to be ugly. 1.(adj)(of a contest or contestants) not fairly matched as opponents 2.(adj)lacking consistency 3.(adj)not divisible by two 1.adj(of a contest or contestants) not fairly matched as opponents "vaudeville...waged an uneven battle against the church" Synonyms: mismatched 2.(adj)lacking consistency Synonyms:scratchy, spotty الوده - پر از لکه -ابری* ناهمگون نه خوبه نه بده

literary

Use literary when you want to indicate writing with high artistic qualities. Something doesn't have to be "literature" to be literary, but they are related. Literary comes from the Latin litterarius, meaning "letters," as in letters of the alphabet. Think of literary writing as writing that explores the richness of language or even contributes to it, especially in a high cultural way. The clever rhymes you invented about your grade school principal's bathing habits made your classmates laugh, but that doesn't make them great literary achievements. 1.(adj)of or relating to or characteristic of literature "literary criticism" (adj)appropriate to literature rather than everyday speech or writing "when trying to impress someone she spoke in an affected literary style" 2.(adj)knowledgeable about literature "a literary style" Synonyms:literate It made me sad when I realized that at least she asked this question to my face, whereas literary managers probably asked themselves this same question whenever they read my work. Both would regularly convene at the Aquarian Book Shop, the former hub of Black literary Los Angeles. ادبی - ادبیاتی

didactic

When people are didactic, they're teaching or instructing. This word is often used negatively for when someone is acting too much like a teacher. When you're didactic, you're trying to teach something. Just about everything teachers do is didactic: the same is true of coaches and mentors. Didactic is often used in a negative way. If you heard that a movie is overly didactic, that's probably not good. Most people want to see a story and be entertained when going to the movies, and if it feels like the movie is just telling you what to think, that's didactic in a bad way. 1.(adj)instructive (especially excessively) Synonyms: didactical Zhao thankfully, never gets too didactic, though the film is best when Fern is in motion. Some political art is didactic; Spectrum's is just good. اموزشی-ادبی-تعلیمی

refrained from

When someone burps in a quiet classroom it can be hard to refrain from laughing. Use the verb refrain if you have a sudden impulse to do something and you have stopped yourself from doing it. It's usually hard to refrain from doing something: you might it difficult to refrain from eating dessert after dinner, for example — especially when your aunt makes her double chocolate chunk brownies. The Latin word refrēnāre is formed from the prefix re-, "back," plus frēnāre, "to hold a horse back with a bridle." No need to hold back when using refrain as a noun; it's the part of a song or poem that repeats. refrain 1.(v)resist doing something "He refrained from hitting him back" Synonyms :forbear 2.(n)the part of a song where a soloist is joined by a group of singers Per the terms of his bail, Bryan must refrain from engaging in any contact with the victim. "It is important that we refrain from passing judgment as the process continues." خودداری کردن - برگردادندن-نگاه داشتن

imperative

When something absolutely has to be done and cannot be put off, use the adjective imperative .Imperative is from Latin imperare, "to command," and its original use was for a verb form expressing a command: "Do it!" is an imperative sentence. The word is still used that way, but it's more commonly applied to something so pressing it cannot be put off: "It's imperative that we hire more workers if we want to complete the job on time." Imperative has more immediate force than pressing but less than urgent. 1.(adj)requiring attention or action "as nuclear weapons proliferate, preventing war becomes imperative" "requests that grew more and more imperative" Synonyms: assertive, self-asserting, self-assertive What they did not envision was a pandemic that would throw their plans into upheaval — while also making the show's mission even more imperative. "A raised awareness in this moment of cultural reckoning is imperative," Brown said. امری-دستوری-حتمی

obey

When you obey, you follow someone's rules or instructions. In the old days, all of a monarchy's citizens were expected to obey the commands of their king or queen. You might be expected to obey the rules your strict parents lay down, or to obey the guidelines of a group or club you belong to. Religious Christians obey God, and soldiers obey the direct orders their commanding officers give them. To obey is to be obedient, and both words come from the Latin obedire, which literally means "listen to," but is used to mean "pay attention to." 1.(v)be obedient to Antonyms: disobey refuse to go along with; refuse to follow; be disobedient A stun gun was used on him after he failed to obey commands to put down the bat, authorities said. Sipress , a Democrat, also wrote to two airport authority board members that he believed the airport was "legally obliged" to ensure the campaign obeyed the state's limit. پیروی کردن -اطاعت کردن -تسلیم شدن -مطیع شدن

mocking

When you talk to or about someone in a mocking tone, you're making fun of them in a nasty, mean way. But if you're a comedy writer or political satirist, a mocking attitude is a tool of your trade. If you're writing a skit about the outrageous proposal some politician has just made, you'll write it in a mocking tone, imitating the politician's voice and mannerisms in a way that makes him look as ridiculous as you think he is. Seen any mockingbirds lately? That's the bird that sings almost nonstop, imitating the calls of other birds. 1.(adj)abusing vocally; expressing contempt or ridicule "her mocking smile" Synonyms: derisive, gibelike, jeering, taunting He undercut the guidance of his top scientific advisers and public health leaders by deriding the wearing of masks and social distancing, and with his infantile mocking of those who did either. All we need is a story about him making fun of dumb cops and we've hit the trifecta of Trump mocking the constituent groups that are the most faithfully Republican. مسخره کردن -دست انداختن - خندیدن - عقیم کردن

inchoate

You can have an inchoate idea, like the earliest flickers of images for your masterpiece, or an inchoate feeling, like your inchoate sense of annoyance toward your sister's new talking parrot. Inchoate comes from a Latin word for beginning. When something is inchoate, although you don't yet understand what it is fully, you have a strong sense that it is indeed coming. It's stronger than the wisp of an idea that never turns into anything. But it's hard to really find the language to describe an inchoate idea. That's the whole point: you don't have the words for it yet! 1.(adj)only partly in existence; imperfectly formed "a vague inchoate idea" Synonyms: incipient It's in these essays that Smith exerts her superpower as a writer: her ability to find the perfect concrete metaphor for inchoate human emotions and explore it with empathy and honesty. That sudden, inchoate, unidentifiable female fury that rises in so many girls, often self-destructively, when they realize that certain rules are not about protecting them but controlling them. نیمه تمام - تازه به وجود امده - اغاز کردن

maudlin

You can use maudlin to describe something that brings tears to your eyes, or makes you feel very emotional. Tearjerkers like "Forrest Gump" and "Titanic" can be described as maudlin. Maudlin was a form of the name Mary Magdalene, a character from the Bible represented in paintings as a weeping sinner asking forgiveness from Jesus. Maudlin is often paired with sentimental, or even schlocky, to describe cry-fests, as in "I can't watch another second of that overly-sentimental, maudlin soap opera. Turn that schlock off." 1.(adj)effusively or insincerely emotional "maudlin expressions of sympathy" Synonyms: bathetic, drippy, hokey, kitschy, mawkish, mushy, sappy, schmaltzy, schmalzy, sentimental, slushy, soppy, soupy At one point Chalamet sits at a piano and sings the standard "Everything Happens To Me" as a maudlin lament. But at the Tokyo Dome on that night in 1996, she belted this maudlin '70s power ballad as though her life — or at least her career — depended on it. ضعیف و خیلی احساسی

pedantry

You know that person who is always interrupting other people, correcting their grammar or their facts? That's pedantry, or inappropriately showing off your knowledge. The noun pedantry refers to the behavior of a pedant, which comes from the French word pédant, meaning "schoolmaster." While it is a schoolmaster's job to ensure that students learn, someone who is guilty of pedantry just seems to brag, using his or her knowledge to get attention or seem better educated than the people around him or her. 1.(n)an ostentatious and inappropriate display of learning She says: "Return yourself forthwith to the age of pointless educational pedantry." Emails that start by recognising how it's "important to preserve pedantry at a time of national crisis" are always going to raise a smile. ملانقطه گری -پیروی کورکورانه از روش های بخصوص

mercenary

You might not want to call a mercenary a "hireling" to his face, but a mercenary is, after all, a soldier who gets paid to fight where needed, sometimes taking a heroic stand and other times just wanting payment for fighting. The word mercenary comes from the Latin mercēnārius, "hireling," which defines someone who will do anything in exchange for money. In history, a mercenary was often a fighter who followed the next paycheck, but in recent decades it's also been used for fighters who pursue a good cause in areas where soldiers are in short supply. A synonym for mercenary is "soldier of fortune," and this phrase sometimes glorifies the mercenary, turning the meaning of "fortune" from "cash" to "luck in battle." 1.(n)a person hired to fight for another country than their own Synonyms: soldier of fortune (adj)profit oriented "a mercenary enterprise" Synonyms: mercantile, moneymaking Russia sent mercenaries and the United Arab Emirates shipped vast amounts of weaponry in support of Mr. Hifter. Russia accuses the Sham Legion of sending some of its troops to Libya and Azerbaijan to fight as mercenaries on behalf of Turkey against forces aligned with Russia. سرباز مزدور - پولکی -ادم اجیر -قابل فروش