Growth and Development Level 1

What is the longest time after birth that the Apgar test is conducted for the second time? Record your answer using a whole number. _______ minutes

5 Min after birth

At which stage of Kohlberg's theory does an individual want to fulfill the expectations of one's immediate group? A. Good boy-nice girl orientation B. Society-maintaining orientation C. Instrumental relativist orientation D. Universal ethical principle orientation

A. Good boy-nice girl orientation The good boy-good girl orientation stage involves an individual who wants to win the approval and maintain the expectations of one's immediate group. During the society-maintaining orientation stage, an individual expands focus from a relationship with others to societal concerns. The instrumental relativist orientation stage involves a child who wants to follow his or her parent's rules. The universal ethical principle orientation stage defines "right" by the decision of conscience according to self-chosen ethical principles.

Which statement correctly describes the initiative versus guilt stage? A. Individuals like to pretend and try out new roles. B. Individuals are more accomplished in some basic self-care activities. C.Individuals show marked preoccupation with appearance and body image. D.Individuals are eager to apply themselves to learning socially productive skills and tools.

A. Individuals like to pretend and try out new roles During the initiative versus guilt stage, a child likes to pretend and try out new roles. A child is more accomplished in some basic self-care activities during the autonomy versus sense of shame and doubt stage. During the identity versus role confusion stage, an individual shows marked preoccupation with appearance and body image. During the industry versus inferiority stage, a child is eager to apply himself or herself to learning socially productive skills and tools.

Which type of relationship is most important to the school-age child? A. Same-sex peer relationships B.Opposite-sex peer relationship C.Same-sex parental relationship D. Opposite-sex parental relationship

A. Same-sex peer relationships Same-sex peer relationships are important to the school-age child. Opposite-sex peer relationships become important during adolescence. Parental relationships vary during this stage of development.

According to Freud, which must occur before an individual is able to have a mature adult sexual relationship? A. Puberty B. Conflict resolution C. Acquisition of new skills D. Loss of self in another person

B. Conflict resolution According to Freud, an individual must resolve conflict prior to having a mature adult sexual relationship. Puberty is required for sexual function but not a mature adult sexual relationship. The acquisition of new skills and losing self in another person are characteristics of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development.

According to Kohlberg's theory, which stage comes before the society-maintaining orientation stage? A. Social contract orientation B. Good boy-nice girl orientation C. Instrumental relativist orientation D. Punishment and obedience orientation

B. Good boy-nice girl orientation According to Kohlberg's theory, the "good boy-nice girl orientation" phase (stage 3) occurs before the "society-maintaining orientation" phase (stage 4). "Social contract orientation" is the fifth stage. "Instrumental relativist orientation" is the second stage.