GYN MID TERM
why are assisted reproduction patients prone to ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome?
They have elevated human chorionic gonadotropin levels from ovulation induction.
A patient with polycystic ovarian syndrome presents with abnormal uterine bleeding. Endometrial measurement is 21 mm and the endometrium demonstrates tiny cystic areas. What is the most likely diagnosis?
endometrial hyperplasia
A patient presents with amenorrhea, cyclic abdominal pain, and an enlarged uterus. Sonography demonstrates hydrometrocolpos. What is the most likely cause?
imperforate hymen
A patient presents with an enlarged bulky uterus and menorrhagia. Which of the following is most likely to be the cause?
submucosal leiomyoma
A patient presented with pelvic pain, infertility, and a palpable right adnexal mass. Sonography demonstrated a multicystic complex right adnexal mass with dirty shadowing and bilateral hydrosalpinx. What is the most likely diagnosis?
tubo-ovarian abscess
Which pelvic mass presents sonographically as a cystic mass with homogenous low-level internal echoes?
endometrioma
Early sexual contact, multiple sex partners, and/or history of STDs are all risk factors are associated with what disease?
PID
What is the cause of adenomyosis?
basal layer endometrial tissue invades the myometrium
How can salpingitis be demonstrated on ultrasound if there is no fluid collection in the tube?
color doppler should be used to demonstrate hyperemic flow
What is a possible complication of salpingitis due to PID?
ectopic pregnancy
What is the most likely explanation for abnormal uterine bleeding with an endometrial measurement of <5 mm in a postmenopausal patient?
endometrial atrophy
What is the most common gynecologic malignancy in the United States?
endometrial carcinoma
Which of the following can be a precursor for endometrial carcinoma?
endometrial hyperplasia
A 66 year old patient presents with abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. While scanning the pelvis you notice an Ill-defined or sausage-shaped solid mass and pelvic ascites. What pathology is present in this patient?
fallopian tube carcinoma
Endometrial hyperplasia or an excessive growth of the endometrium is often a side effect of what?
hormone replacement therapy
Which malignant ovarian tumor is often associated with pseudomyxoma peritonei?
mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
This ovarian malignancy most often presents as large multi-loculated cystic masses with papillary projections and material.
mucious cystadenoma
Which of the following is a possible complication of introduction of intrauterine contraceptive devices?
perforation of the myometrium
What is the most common malignant ovarian tumor?
serous cystadenocarcinoma
An asymptomatic patient presents with bilateral large anechoic lesions that contain septations and papillary projections. What does this most likely represent?
serous cystadenoma
