H11- Joints of the Skull (anatomy)

What is the anterior fontanelle?

1.) Largest of the fontanelles 2.) Located at the junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures 3.) In adults, lies at the location of the bregma

What is Depression of the temporomandibular joint?

-Hinge movement -It is the inferior movement of the mandible (opening of the mouth)

What is Elevation of the temporomandibular joint?

-Hinge movement -It is the superior movement of the mandible (closing of the mouth)

What is Protraction of the temporomandibular joint?

-Planar movement - it is the anterior movement of the mandible in a horizontal plane

What is Lateral Movement of the temporomandibular joint?

-Planar movement -Side-to-Side movement -Grinding

What is Retraction of the temporomandibular joint?

-Planar movement -it is the posterior movement of the mandible in a horizontal plane

What is the Articular disc?

-The prominent intraarticular ligament of the temporomandibular joint

The articular disc is an ________ that sometimes contains patches of ________

-oval plate of fibrous tissue -fibrocartilage

What are the 6 Fontanelles and explain them?

1.) Anterior Fontanelles- largest of the fontanelles located at the junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures- in adults this lies at the location of the bregma 2.) Posterior fontanelle- triangular fontanelle that is located at the junction of the lambdoid and sagittal sutures- in adults this lies at the location of the lambda 3 & 4.) Anterolateral Fontanelles (Sphenoid Fontanelles)- small, irregular fontanelles located at the junction of the front, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal bones 5 & 6.) Posterolateral Fontanelles (Mastoid Fontanelles)- small, irregular fontanelles located at the junction of the occipital, parietal, and temporal bones

What are the hinge movements of the temporomandibular joint?

1.) Depression- inferior movement of the mandible (open the mouth) 2.) Elevation- superior movement of the mandible (close the mouth)

What are the 2 movements of the mandible at the temporomandibular joint and explain them?

1.) Hinge movements 1a.) Depression- inferior movement of the mandible (open the mouth) 1b.) Elevation- superior movement of the mandible (close the mouth) 2.) Planar movements 2a.) Protraction- anterior movement of the mandible in a horizontal plane 2b.) Retraction- posterior movement of the mandible in a horizontal plane 2c.) Lateral Movement- side-to-side movement (grinding)

What are the bony surfaces of the temporomandibular joint?

1.) Mandibular fossa of the temporal bone 2.) Head (condyloid process) of the mandible

What does the anterior fontanelle help providers determined?

1.) Position of the fetal head in utero 2.) Development of the skull 3.) The extent of pathological intracranial pressure

What are the planar movements of the temporomandibular joint?

1.) Protraction- anterior movement of the mandible in a horizontal plane 2.) Retraction- posterior movement of the mandible in a horizontal plane 3.) Lateral movement- side-to-side movement (grinding)

What are the bony surfaces of sutures?

1.) Sagittal suture- articulation of the two parietal bones in the median plane of the skull 2.) Frontal (coronal) suture- articulation of the parietal bones with the frontal bone 3.) Lambdoid suture- articulation of the parietal bone with the occipital bone 4.) Squamous suture- articulation of the parietal and temporal bones

What are the anterolateral fontanelles (sphenoid fontanelles)?

1.) Small irregular fontanelles located at the junction of the frontal, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal bones

What are the posterolateral fontanelles (mastoid fontanelles)?

1.) Small, irregular fontanelles located at the junction of the occipital, parietal, and temporal bones

What are the two compartments that the articular disc divides the joint cavity of the temporomandibular joint into?

1.) Superior compartment- located between the articular disc and the mandibular fossa 2.) Inferior compartment- located between the articular disc and the mandible

What are the ligaments of the temporomandibular joint?

1.) There is one prominent intraarticular ligament called the articular disc

What is the posterior fontanelle?

1.) Triangular in shape 2.) Located at the junction of the lambdoid and sagittal sutures 3.) In adults, lies at the location of the lambda

How does the anterior fontanelle help determine the development of the skull?

1.) Unlike the other fontanelles, which ossify within a few months, the anterior fontanelle becomes bony at 2 years of age 2.) In babies, this is called the soft spot

What are sutures?

Fibrous joints between the bones of the skull, suture in type

What are fontanelles?

Six major unossified, membranous areas between the cranial bones

The articular disc divides the joint cavity into two separate compartments:

Superior and inferior compartments

What is true about the bones of the fetal skull?

The bones of the fetal skull are not completely ossified at birth

What is the frontal (coronal) suture?

The frontal suture is the articulation of the parietal bones with the frontal bone

What is the lambdoid suture?

The lambdoid suture is the articulation of the parietal bone with the occipital bone

What is the sagittal suture?

The sagittal suture is the articulation of the two parietal bones in the median plane of the skull

What is the squamous suture?

The squamous suture is the articulation of the parietal and temporal bones

What is the temporomandibular joint?

The temporomandibular joint is a synovial joint, combined hinge and plane in type

What can be said about the movement of sutures?

There are no ligaments or movements of these joints

The circumference of the articular disc attaches to the

articular capsule

from French, fontanelle means what?

little fountain