HA Bony Pelvis and Hip Part 2 Ligaments and Joints

Ligaments of the hip joint

Articular Capsule: Iliofemoral ligament (anteriorly) Pubofemoral ligament: Ischiofemoral ligament (posteriorly) Ligamentum capitis femoris:

Sacroiliac (SI) Joint

Synovial joint!!! (gliding) sacrum joined to other parts of pelvis by strong ligaments; allows small backward-forward movements The joint has a posterior ligament. The anterior sacroiliac ligamentis is thin and situated on the anterior aspect of the joint. Assisting to stabilize the SI joint is the iliolumbar ligament, a strong ligament observed running between the transverse processes of the 3rd and 4th lumbar vertebrae and the posterior portion of the iliac crest.

Interpubic Joint (Symphysis Pubis)

Symphysis joint Assisted by superior and inferior pubic ligaments

interosseous sacroiliac ligament.

The deepest, shortest, and strongest of the sacroiliac ligaments.

Iliofemoral ligament

Y-shaped ligament of Bigelow prevents overextension of the joint

What are the two thickenings of the hip joint capsule?

Zona obicularis and Zona longitudnalis

transverse ligament of the acetabulum

a strong ligament that crosses over the acetabular notch; supports part of the acetabular labrum and is connected with the ligament of the head of the femur and the articular capsule

A fibrocartilaginous rim called the ______ is attached to the margins of the acetabulum. It deepens and increases the stability of the hip joint.

acetabular labrum

lesser sciatic foramina

anterior: body of ischial tuberosity superior: ischial spine and sacrospinous ligament posterior: sacrotuberous ligament

Pubofemoral ligament

connects pubis to femur, prevents abduction (is medial and inferior).

iliolumbar ligament

connects the transverse process of L5 with the ala of the sacrum

piriformis action

external rotation of hip/femur

sciatica

inflammation of the sciatic nerve, causing pain that travels from the thigh through the leg to the foot and toes

greater sciatic foramen

pelvic opening formed by the greater sciatic notch of the hip bone, the sacrum, and the sacrospinous ligament

Lumbosacral joint:

pertaining to the joint between L5 and the sacrum, attaches the pelvic girdle to the axial skeleton

Sacrococcygeal joint

pertaining to the joint between the sacrum and the coccyx

Ischiofemoral ligament

posterior, connects ischium to femur,limits medial rotation.

Sacrotuberous ligament and Sacrospinous ligament: convert the greater sciatic and lesser sciatic notches into WHAT

the greater and lesser sciatic foramina

The hip joint is a synovial, Femoroacetabluar joint

multi-axial, ball and socket joint. It is designed for support, as opposed to the gleno-humeral joint, which is designed for mobility.

sciatic nerve

nerve extending from the base of the spine down the thigh, lower leg, and foot

Structure emerges from the lesser sciatic foramen

obturator internus

Ligamentum capitis femoris

-from the acetabular notch to the fovea capitis - provides blood vessels to the head of the femur

Piriformis Syndrome

Excessive use of the gluteal muscles in some athletes (e.g., ice skaters, cyclists, rock climbers) can lead to hypertrophy or spasm of the piriformis muscle, which can compress the sciatic nerve. In individuals with a proximal split of the sciatic nerve (~12%), the common fibular nerve can become compressed as it passes through piriformis.

Contents of greater sciatic foramen/The following structure exit below the piriformis:

Inferior gluteal nerve and artery Pudendal nerve internal pudendal vessels Nerve to obturator internus (superior glamellus) Nerve to quadratus femoris (inferior gemellus) Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve Sciatic nerve

PIN structures re-enter the pelvis via the lesser sciatic foramen

Pundendal nerve, internal pundendal artery and vein, N to Obturator internus (INNERVATE, GENITALS)

Content of greater sciatic foramen/The following structure exit above the piriformis:

Superior gluteal nerve and artery

Sacrotuberous ligament:

from the lateral part of the sacrum and coccyx and the posterior inferior iliac spine (PSIS) to the ischial tuberosity.

Sacrospinous ligament:

from the lateral part of the sacrum and coccyx to the ischial spine.

anterior sacroiliac ligament

strong ligament between the sacrum and the ilium portions of the hip bone that supports the anterior side of the sacroiliac joint