Hands-On Ethical Hacking and Network Defense - Ch. 7 - Key Terms + 9 Extra Terms

Assembly Language

A combination of hexadecimal numbers and expressions, such as mov, add,and sub, so writing programs in this language is easier than in machine language.

Ruby****

A flexible, object-oriented programming language similar to Perl.

Perl****

A high-level general-purpose programming language used especially for developing Web applications developed by Larry Wall in 1987.

HTML****

A markup language used mainly for indicating the formatting and layout of Web page.

Function

A mini program within a main program that performs a particular task.

Compiler

A program that converts a text-based program, called source code, into executable or binary code.

Algorithm

A set of directions used to solve a problem.

Machine Code*****

A term for code executed directly by a computer's central processing unit. The most basic computer language.

Documentation****

Add comments to the code that explain what you're doing.

Pseudocode

An English-like language you can use to help create the structure of your program.

Bug

An error that causes unpredictable results.

Syntax Error****

An error that results when an instruction does not follow the syntax rules, or grammar, of the programming language.

BLT******

Branching, Looping, and Testing.

Class

In object-oriented programming, the structure that holds pieces of data and functions.

Win API****

Is an interface to the Windows OS that programmers can use to access information about a computer running Windows, such as the computer name, OS name, and so forth.

Testing

Is conducted on a variable and returns a value of true or false.

-for loop

Performs a test on a variable, and then exits the block when a certain condition is met.

-do loop

Performs an action first and then tests to see whether the action should continue to occur.

-while loop

Repeats an action a certain number of times. It checks whether a condition is true, and then continues looping until the condition becomes false.

Variable****

Represents a numeric or string value.

Branching

Takes you from one area of a program (a function) to another area.

Conversion Specifiers

Tells the compiler how to convert the value in a function.

Looping

The act of performing a task over and over.