Hartman's Nursing Exam #2: Chapters 9-18
A resident with a head or spinal cord injury should be repositioned at least every ____hours (A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5
(A) 2
Parkinson's disease typically causes (A) A shuffling gait (B) Extremely straight posture (C) Memory loss (D) Aggressive behavior
(A) A shuffling gait
A(n)_________ stocking is a special stocking that can help with circulation after a knee replacement. (A) Anti-embolic (B) Sheer (C) Clotting (D) Sleeve
(A) Anti-embolic
Which of the following sexually-transmitted infections (STIs) cannot be cured? (A) Chlamydia (B) Gonorrhea (C) Genital herpes (D) Syphilis
(C) Genital herpes
Where should the NA stand when helping with ambulation for a resident who is recovering from a stroke? (A) On either side, but very close to the resident (B) On the resident's stronger side (C) On the resident's weaker side (D) A few feet in front of the resident
(C) On the resident's weaker side.
Guidelines for caring for a resident with multiple sclerosis include which of the following? (A) Rushing the resident through tasks to help with decision-making skills (B) Administering medications (C) Preventing falls (D) Encouraging the resident to speak faster to improve cognition
(C) Preventing falls
Which of the following is helpful for a resident who has had a heart attack? (A) High-cholesterol diet (B) High-fat diet (C) Regular exercise (D) Cold temperatures
(C) Regular exercise
When helping a resident who has had a hip replacement get dressed, how should the nursing assistant (NA) begin? (A) Start with the stronger side (B) Start with the left side (C) Start with the affected (weaker) side (D) Start with the feet and move upward
(C) Start with the affected (weaker) side
What should an NA do when providing oral care for a resident with cancer? (A) The NA should use a commercial mouth- wash for rinsing. (B) The NA should use a hard-bristled toothbrush. (C) The NA should assist the resident with brushing regularly. (D) The NA should avoid giving oral care or give limited oral care.
(C) The NA should assist the resident with brushing regularly.
Which of the following statements is true of casts? (A) The NA should keep the cast wet or damp. (B) The NA should place a wet cast on a hard surface. (C) The NA should elevate the extremity that is in a cast. (D) The NA should use a long, angled scratcher when the resident needs to scratch the skin underneath the cast.
(C) The NA should elevate the extremity that is in a cast.
The medical term for chest pain, pressure, or discomfort is (A) Atherosclerosis (B) Nitroglycerin (C) Hypertension (D) Angina
(D) Angina
HIV can be transmitted by (A) Telephones (B) Toilets (C) Hugs (D) Blood
(D) Blood
Sexually-transmitted infections are passed through sexual contact. Sexual contact includes (A) Deep kissing (B) Contact of hands with the breasts (C) Holding hands (D) Contact of the mouth with the genitals
(D) Contact of the mouth with the genitals
The best way for an NA to provide foot care for a diabetic resident is to (A) Cut the resident's toenails to keep them short and clean (B) Encourage the resident not to wear socks (C) Make sure the resident is barefoot most of the time (D) Observe the feet regularly for signs of irritation
(D) Observe the feet regularly for signs of irritation
Which of the following is the best way an NA can communicate with a resident who has cancer? (A) The NA should insist that the resident tell the NA what he is going through. (B) The NA should give the resident medical advice if the resident asks for it. (C) If the resident is worried, the NA should tell him, "It'll all be fine." (D) The NA should listen to the resident if he feels like talking.
(D) The NA should listen to the resident if he feels like talking.
Which of the following is true of spinal cord injuries? (A) Residents with spinal cord injuries will not be able to perform any self-care. (B) Rehabilitation is not helpful with spinal cord injuries. (C) The lower the injury, the greater the loss of function. (D) The higher the injury, the greater the loss of function.
(D) The higher the injury, the greater the loss of function.
How many bones are in the adult human body?
206
How many mL in an ounce?
30 mL = 1 oz
A general recommendation for daily fluid intake is ___ ounces
64
What is one important reason why bed linens should remain wrinkle-free?
To help keep skin healthy and prevent pressure ulcers.
Inferior
away from the head
Dental implants need ____.
flossing
Anterior (ventral)
front of the body or body part
A ___ liquid diet includes all the liquids served on a clear liquid diet with the addition of cream soups, milk and ice cream
full
Oral thermometers are usually color- coded
green or blue
The ___ is the basic unit of the nervous system
neuron (nerve cell)
What does NPO mean?
nothing by mouth; a medical order that means a person should not have anything to eat or drink
What is also called the 'master gland'?
pituitary gland
The most essential nutrient is
water
Osteoporosis causes (A) Bones that can break easily (B) Vision impairment (C) Weakening of the immune system (D) Problems with breathing
(A) Bones that can break easily
What kind of shoes are best for diabetic residents to wear? (A) Breathable shoes (leather, cotton, or canvas) (B) Plastic shoes (C) Pleather shoes (D) Rubber shoes
(A) Breathable shoes (leather, cotton, or canvas)
Residents with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have trouble with (A) Breathing (B) Urination (C) Losing weight (D) Vision
(A) Breathing
Which of the following are symptoms commonly experienced by people who have diabetes? (A) Excessive thirst, extreme hunger, frequent urination (B) Weight gain, poor appetite, leg swelling (C) Diarrhea, hyperactivity, dark yellow urine (D) Infrequent urination, swollen lymph nodes, excessive energy
(A) Excessive thirst, extreme hunger, frequent urination
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune illness. With an autoimmune illness, the body's ______ system attacks normal tissue (A) Immune (B) Lymphatic (C) Circulatory (D) Endocrine
(A) Immune
When assisting residents who have had a stroke, the NA should (A) Place food in the unaffected/stronger side of the resident's mouth (B) Place food in the affected/weaker side of the resident's mouth (C) Offer another bite of food before the resident has swallowed the last bite (D) Encourage the resident to take large bites.
(A) Place food in the unaffected/stronger side of the resident's mouth
A common sign or symptom of eczema is (A) Reddened skin (B) Persistent coughing (C) Foul-smelling sputum (D) Cloudy urine
(A) Reddened skin
Which of the following statements is true of congestive heart failure (CHF)? (A) Residents may take medication that makes them urinate more often. (B) Residents will usually have a force fluids. (C) The NA will administer nitroglycerin to relieve painful episodes. (D) Residents with CHF will generally need to eat a diet high in sodium to eliminate swelling.
(A) Residents may take medication that makes them urinate more often.
A resident with AIDS who has nausea and is vomiting should eat (A) Small, frequent meals (B) Quickly (C) High-fat dairy products (D) Spicy foods
(A) Small, frequent meals
The key treatment for malignant tumors of the skin, breast, bladder, colon, rectum, stomach, and muscle is (A) Surgery (B) Chemotherapy (C) Radiation (D) Herbal supplements
(A) Surgery
Which of the following would be the best response by the NA if a resident with cancer is experiencing pain? (A) The NA should assist with comfort measures, such as repositioning. (B) The NA should encourage the resident by telling her that she has to be tougher to fight the cancer. (C) The NA should make light of the pain and tell the resident to think about cheerful things. (D) The NA should tell the resident to pray and God will take away her pain.
(A) The NA should assist with comfort measures, such as repositioning.
What is the best response by an NA if he feels a resident or family member needs more support in dealing with a resident's illness? (A) The NA should speak to the nurse. (B) The NA should tell the resident she needs to talk to a social worker. (C) The NA should tell his coworkers the resident is having a hard time and suggest they go cheer her up. (D) The NA should tell the resident's clergy person that the resident needs a visit.
(A) The NA should speak to the nurse.
Why is it important for the NA to let the nurse know if she is aware that a resident is taking herbal remedies? (A) They may interact with the resident's medications. (B) They do not work. (C) They will make the resident very sick. (D) The nurse needs to set the dosage
(A) They may interact with the resident's medications.
Which of the following statements is true of osteoarthritis? (A) The jaw and neck are usually affected. (B) Pain and stiffness increase in cold, damp weather. (C) Surgery is the first method of treatment for osteoarthritis. (D) Antibiotics are usually the first type of medication used to treat osteoarthritis.
(B) Pain and stiffness increase in cold, damp weather.
Which of the following statements is true of diabetes? (A) To best conserve energy, people with diabetes should skip meals when they are not hungry. (B) People with diabetes must be very careful about what they eat. (C) People with diabetes must avoid exercise so that they do not burn too much glucose. (D) Monitoring a diabetic resident's intake of protein is more important than monitoring his intake of carbohydrates.
(B) People with diabetes must be very careful about what they eat.
How should a resident with COPD be positioned? (A) Flat on his back (B) Sitting upright (C) Lying on his stomach (D) Lying on his side
(B) Sitting upright
A resident with AIDS who has an infection of the mouth may need to eat food that is (A) Spicy (B) Soft (C) Dry (D) Hot
(B) Soft
Which of the following statements is true of how an NA should assist a resident with one-sided weakness after a stroke? (A) The NA should lead with the weaker side. (B) The NA should stand on the weaker side. (C) The NA should use the terms bad or messed up so it is clear which side is the weaker side. (D) The NA should not use a gait belt during transfers.
(B) The NA should stand on the weaker side.
How is scabies transmitted? (A) Through droplets from an infected person (B) Through direct contact with an infected person (C) By breathing the same air as an infected person (D) Through indirect contact with personal protective equipment
(B) Through direct contact with an infected person
After an amputation, a resident may experience phantom sensation. Phantom sensation is (A) Not real (B) Tingling or itching in the area where the limb was amputated (C) An artificial body part (D) The surgical removal of a body part due to disease or injury
(B) Tingling or itching in the area where the limb was amputated
The most common form of diabetes is (A) Type 1 diabetes (B) Type 2 diabetes (C) Pre-diabetes (D) Gestational diabetes
(B) Type 2 diabetes
Which of the following statements is true of a closed wound? (A) A puncture wound is an example of a closed wound. (B) A closed wound has skin that is not intact. (C) A contusion (bruise) is an example of a closed wound. (D) A surgical incision is an example of a closed wound.
(C) A contusion (bruise) is an example of a closed wound.
What time of day is best to collect a sputum specimen? (A) Late evening (B) Around lunchtime (C) Early morning (D) Right before bedtime
(C) Early morning
The medical term for high blood pressure is (A) Angina (B) Atherosclerosis (C) Pectoris (D) Hypertension
(D) Hypertension
High blood pressure (A) Can be detected just by looking at a person (B) Cannot be treated with medication (C) Is never a serious condition (D) Is a measurement of 130/80 or higher
(D) Is a measurement of 130/80 or higher
Which of the following is helpful for numbness, tingling, and pain in the feet for a resident who has AIDS? (A) Wrapping the feet tightly in elastic bandages. (B) Wearing snug, firm slippers. (C) Tucking the sheet around the feet. (D) Wearing loose, soft slippers.
(D) Wearing loose, soft slippers.
OBRA requires long-term care facilities to maintain comfortable and safe environments with a tempter range of _____.
71-81 degrees
Sims position
A left side-lying position; lower arm behind the back, and the upper knee is flexed and raised toward the chest.
Signs of constipation include
Abdominal swelling, gas, irritability, and a record of no recent bowel movement
How should stool normally appear?
Brown and soft
Which of the following is helpful when providing skin care for a resident with cancer? (A) Do not use lotion on dry, delicate skin. (B) Do not offer backrubs. C) Avoid applying lotion to areas receiving radiation therapy. (D) Avoid moving the resident at all.
C) Avoid applying lotion to areas receiving radiation therapy.
Liquid diets are usually ordered as ___ or ___.
Clear or full
A disorder that causes frequent, liquid feces and is generally treated with a change of diet is
Diarrhea
Foods high in ___________ improve bowel elimination.
Fiber
-----is maintaining equal input and output, or taking in and eliminating equal amounts of fluids.
Fluid balance
What is the most common symptom of gastro- esophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
Heartburn
When should a NA do fingernail care?
If assigned; on the care plan.
What items are stored inside bedside stand?
Small items; i.e wash basin, emesis basin, soap dish and soap, bath blanket, toilet paper, personal hygiene items.
How do you measure the height of a bedridden resident?
Using a tape measure
Fowler's position
a semi-sitting position; the head of the bed is raised between 45 and 60 degrees
residents in wheelchairs or chairs should be repositioned....
at least every hour
--- signs are initial values that can be compared to future measurements
baseline
A ___ is used to keep the bed covers from resting on residents' legs and feet to present pressure injuries.
bed cradle
A ____ liquid diet includes clear juices, broth, gelatin, and popsicles
clear
Proximal
closer to the torso
What is homeostasis?
condition in which all the body's systems are balanced and are working together to maintain internal stability.
systole
contraction of the heart
Low residue diet
decreases the amount of fiber, whole grains, raw fruits and vegetables, seeds and other foods such as dairy and coffee, in a person's diet. Usually used for people with bowel disturbances such as diverticulitis.
Bed bound residents should be repositioned at least...
every two hours
Distal
farther away from the torso
The ---- approach is used when a resident can help by lifting utensils. It helps promote independence.
hand over hand
The pancreas secretes _____
insulin
peristalsis
involuntary contractions that move food through the gastrointestinal system
The two upper chambers of the heart are called
left and right atrium
The two lower chambers of the heart are called
left and right ventricles
supine position
lying on back, facing upward
lateral/side position
lying on either side
prone position
lying on the stomach or front side of the body
Sites for measuring body temperature
oral, rectal, axillary, tympanic, temporal artery.
A ____ temperature is considered to be the most accurate.
rectal
A rectal thermometer is usually color-coded
red
diastole
resting phase of the heart
___ moistens the food and begins chemical digestion
saliva
When transferring a patient with one-sided weakness, the Na should move the ____ side first
stronger
When using a cane, the resident should place it on his _______ side
stronger
Posterior (dorsal)
the back of the body or body part
contracture
the permanent and often painful shortening of a muscle or tendon, usually due to a lack of activity
atrophy
the wasting away, decreasing in size, and weakening of muscles from lack of use
Lateral
to the side, away from the midline of the body
Superior
toward the head
Medial
toward the midline of the body
