Hazmat Awareness: Container types and Behavior

Bulk packaging

(a) maximum capacity greater than 119 gallons as a receptacle for a liquid, (b) maximum net mass greater than 882 pounds or a maximum capacity greater than 119 gallons as a recepacle for a solid, or (c) water capacity greater than 1,000 pounds as a receptacle for a gas.

Cryogenic liquid tank car

- insulated, placed under a vacuum, tank inside of a tank, no capacity, no visible fittings, cabinet underneath on middle of container, dished ends. -Contains: liquid argon, ethylene, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen; Hazard Class 2.2 - 25psi or less - (-130) degree Fahrenheit

Noded Spheroid

-Capacity: vary with construction design -0.5-15 psig -Hazard class: 2,3 -Examples: LPG, methane, propane, and other light gases. It may also contain certain flammable liquids such as gasoline and crude oil

Excepted

-Extremely low levels of radiation -packaging and transport req should be of reasonable strength due to limited haz -packages not identified as such by markings or shipping papers

Pipeline markers

-Product -Owner -Emergency telephone number -signal word "danger" etc -be aware that markers don't always indicate location, don't always follow a straight line between the markers, and look for pipeline marker where it intersects with a street or railroads

Type B (Radioactive container)

-Protects against high radiation to include spent nuclelar fuel -withstand 30 ft drop -Size: small hand held to 125 ton shielded steel casks -withstand 30 ft drop on weakest point -puncture dropped 40 inches into a 6 in diameter steel rod that is 8 in high -withstand 1475 F for 30min -drop of 1100lbs mass, 30 ft onto the package and immersion under water 50ft

Type C (Radioactive container)

-Rarely used -most hazardous amounts of radiation -if packaging is released or shielding fails life threatening conditions could exist

Pressure Intermodal Tank Containers

100-500 psi 5,500 gal contains: anhydrous ammonia, propane + propane

horizontal pressure vessel

15 psi or greater 500 to 40,000 gallons rounded end with paint

Rail Car

4,000-34,000 gal capacity

Y cylinders

40 psi or greater all have safety relief valve except poisons

Spherical Pressure Vessel

40 to 60,000 gals

bobtail truck

A small delivery truck used for local delivery or liquefied petroleum gas and anhydrous ammonia

Cryogenic Intermodal Tanks

Also known as IMO-7 4,500 to 5,000 gallons 25 psi or less -130

Dry bulk railroad`

Also known as pneumatically off-loaded hopper car • May use air pressure to off-load—product is "blown" out of the bottom discharges • Need to ground and bond when transferring product. Movement of product through hoses causes a buildup of static electricity Contents: • Ammonium nitrate fertilizer • Cement • Plastic pellets • Caustic soda in powdered form • Grain

Vessel Cargo Carrier

Barges, cargo vessel, tanker vessel

drums

Barrel-like containers used to store a wide variety of substances. 55 gal is common

Flexible Intermediate Bulk Container (FIBC)

Bulk sack, bulk bag. supersack, big bags, tote bags

Intermodal containers

Can switch between ship, rail or truck while staying in the same container

Reporting Marks

Combination of letters and numbers stenciled on rail tank cars that may be used to get information about the car's contents from the railroad or the shipper

MC 312

Corrosives tanker

MC 338

Cryogenic liquid tank truck, carries liquid gases by refrigeration like liquid nitrogen, outer shell surrounds insulated inner tank, vacuum space between, hold 7000 gallons, has large back compartment mounted at rear of tank for filling and discharge.

Pressure tank cars

Cylindrical with fittings located inside a protective housing (protective dome). Contains flammable gases, nonflammable gases, or poison gases. Hazard classes 2 and 3. 100 to 600 psi 4,000 to 45,000 gallons

Non-Pressure Intermodel Tank Container

Flat ended containers with metal frames IM 101 (25.4-100psi) IM 102 (14.5-25.4 psi) Capacity (< 6,300 gal) contains: liquids or solids

Supersacks

Flexible intermediate bulk containers

Carboys

Glass, plastic, or steel containers, ranging in volume from 5 to 15 gallons.

MC 331

High Pressure tank truck, carries liquefied gases, anhydrous ammonia, LPG, Looks like a bullet, holds 11500 gallons, generally 100-500 psi,

Tube Modules Intermodal

High pressure cylinder- 3,000- 5,000 PSI - Helium - Nitrogen - Oxygen

Industrial Radioactive Material Container

Intended for materials with a low level of radiation that poses a limited hazard to the public and environment.

rigid intermediate Bulk Containers

Made of steel, wood, fiberboard, or plastic

Dry bulk cargo tanks

Max capacity 1,500 cu. ft. Pressure Range: Greater than 80 psi Used to Transport: Fertilizers, oxidizers, grains, plastic products, food products, may include toxic materials "Hopper Trailers" "V" shaped bins Pneumatically (Air) unloaded

Nonpressure Tank Car (Rail)

Note exposed fittings along the top/generally flat ends (Rail) Operating pressure 60-100psi Capacity from 4k - 45k gal

Capacity Stencil

Number stenciled on the exterior of a tank car to indicate the volume of the tank.

Spheroid Tank

Pressure Facility Tank Squat Sphere shape Pressure up to 15psig Capacity up to 3million + gal

Dome Roof Tank

Pressure Tank, holds flammable or combustible, held at low pressure 0.5 to 15 PSIG

Pressure Intermodal

Pressures 100 to 500 psi Contents: • Liquefied gases—liquefied by pressure application alone. • LPG, anhydrous ammonia

MC 307

Pressure—up to 40 psi @ 70ºF Horse shaped" shaped cross section Flat or slightly rounded ends Stainless steel is primary material of construction May be insulated. Insulation may hide tank shape—may not appear to be horseshoe shaped. Manway usually center (top) of tank Discharge valves usually center (bottom) of tank If multi-compartmented, will have a separate manhole for each compartment Emergency shutoff -drivers side front Rollover protection to prevent manholes from opening up on rollover, normally center of tank top Average maximum capacity--6, 000 gallons Contents: NORMALLY—mild acids, however, may be water, milk, or combustible liquids

Pressure Containers

Rounder, Almost spherical Bolted manways Bolted protective housings Pressure relief devices Pressure gauges

Specification Marking

Stencil on the exterior of tank cars indicating the standards to which the tank car was built.

Compressed gas tube trailers

These trailers contain several pressurized vessels. They are constructed of steel and have pressures ranging from 2000-6000 psi. The piping and controls are usually located on the rear of the trailer.

Dedicated tank cars

Used only for one item (commonly has the name of that item on its side.

underground gas tanks

Usually the only sign is a vents going into the ground

jerrican

a large, flat-sided metal container for storing or transporting liquids, typically gasoline or water.

Ton Container

cylindrical pressure tank app 3 ft in diameter and 8 ft long with convex or concave head

pipeline

long network of underground or aboveground pipes

Psi

pounds per square inch

unit loading device (ULD)

stackable plane loading devices

dry van

standard trailer with all sides enclosed

atmospheric pressure

the pressure caused by the weight of the atmosphere

Dewar flask

thermos bottle for cryogens

Type A (Radioactive container)

will not exceed 3,000 lbs * often with an inner containment vessel made of glass, plastic, or metal surrounded by packing material of polyethylene, rubber vermiculite or wood