HCAD325

Which of the following is the best example of custom care? - Minute clinic - Follow-up after cardiac surgery - Laser eye surgery - Type II diabetes care

Type II diabetes care

When creating a dashboard, one should... - Use the top-down approach to collecting metrics and KPIs. - Involve those who will be utilizing the dashboards in the creation process. - Start by collected data needed to support business decisions. - Both a and b

Both a and b

Which of the following is not a good meeting behavior as a member of project team? - Accept feedback easily - Challenge poor ideas - Contribute to the discussion - Actively listen

Challenge poor ideas

The scope of a project is defined by which of the following? - Time, cost, and number of employees affected - Cost, time, and the critical path - Performance, quality, and cost - Cost, time, and performance

Cost, time, and performance

What is the correct project cycle for a Six Sigma project? - Define, improve, analyze, control - Define, measure, analyze, improve, control - Measure, define, analyze, improve, control - Analyze, define, measure, improve, control

Define, measure, analyze, improve, control

Which of the following is the best method for selecting among competing projects? - Do projects with the best financial return - Develop a matrix of criteria that are important, and then rank each project. - Rank each project based on duration, and do the shortest projects first. - Do projects that involve your best employees

Develop a matrix of criteria that are important, and then rank each project.

Which goal cannot be reached with operations management techniques?

Developing new clinical treatments

Janice has decided to make significant changes in her Medicare billing process. She employs force field analysis to help her decide if these changes can be implemented successfully. Which two factors has she considered in this analysis? - Financial resources and the critical path in her project plan - Driving forces and restraining forces - Senior management support and Medicare cooperation - Culture and employee engagement

Driving forces and restraining forces

Janice keeps finding errors in her Medicare billing process. Which root cause tool would not be useful in helping her reach her goal of improving the system? - Cause-and-effect diagram - Five whys technique - Failure mode and effects analysis - Employee engagement survey

Employee engagement survey

Which is not one of Fredrick Taylor's principles of scientific management? - Employee work experiences - Planning - Training - Standard work

Employee work experiences

Which of the following is not a goal of pay-for-performance systems? - Reverse the fee-for-service incentive to provide more services - Encourage poor providers to leave the system - Provide incentives for efficiency - Align payment incentives to support quality goals

Encourage poor providers to leave the system

What is PMI formal project management? - Tools to optimize processes - Project management tools for IT and construction projects - A method to develop a strategic plan - Evidence-based procedures to deliver desired results on time and within budget

Evidence-based procedures to deliver desired results on time and within budget

Data mining explores data based on specific hypotheses. - True - False

False

A project has been chartered, and it now needs to done more quickly but at the same performance level. What effect will this have? - More personnel will need to be added - The cost will increase - The cost will decrease - The duration of tasks on the critical path can be held constant.

The cost will increase

An example of prescriptive analytics is a model used to maximize operating room capacity. - True - False

True

Jose is measuring the time it takes a technician to do a new test. He expects the test to take no more than 5 minutes and no less than 3 minutes. After observing a number of tests, he calculates the standard deviation of the test as 0.3 minutes. What is the process capability of the test? - 2.0 - 1.1 - 0.0 - 1.8

1.1

Approximately what portion of the US GDP will be consumed by healthcare in 2025? - 7 percent - 11 percent - 15 percent - 20 percent

20 percent

The term "Six Sigma" is derived from which of the following? - Dr. Sigma, who developed the system - 3.4 defects per million opportunities - A Greek fraternity - Six standard deviations

3.4 defects per million opportunities

The term "Six Sigma" represents what goal? - 3.4 defects per million opportunities - Six defects per million opportunities - Six standard deviations from the median - Sigma level quality

3.4 defects per million opportunities

Jose has a new test that has three steps. He calculates that in each step some of the sample must be discarded. Step 1 has a discard rate of 2 percent, step 2 has a discard rate of 5 percent, and step 3 has a discard rate of 1 percent. How much of the sample is available after step 3? - 99.1 percent - 82.0 percent - 75.5 percent - 86.5 percent

86.5 percent

What element is not necessary to use optimization tools such as linear programming? - An objective function—the quantity that needs to be minimized or maximized - The controllable inputs or decision variables that affect the value of the objective function - A process map connecting the elements that are impacted by the decision - Constraints that limit the values that the decision variables can take on

A process map connecting the elements that are impacted by the decision

Elements of the clinical microsystem include which of the following? - The team of health professionals who provide clinical care - The tools the team has at its disposal to treat the patient - The logic for determining the appropriate treatments and processes to deliver care - All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following healthcare aims is included in the Institute of Medicine's Crossing the Quality Chasm? - Safe - Timely - Equitable - All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following statements is true of descriptive analytics? - It condenses large data sets into more meaningful and useful information. - It examines past performance to discern trends and patterns to explain behavior. - It is necessary because raw data alone are not typically usable to managers. - All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following is a major problem with traditional fee-for-service systems? - It encourages providers to deliver more expensive services to maximize reimbursement. - It facilitates fragmented and uncoordinated care delivery. - It does not offer incentives for high-quality care. - All of these answers are correct

All of these answers are correct

Which of the following is a reason that evidence-based medicine (EBM) has not been widely used in the past? - Disagreement on the science underlying a guideline - Belief that all patients are unique and EBM is "cookbook medicine" - Resistance to change and reliance on habits - All of these answers are correct

All of these answers are correct

Which of the following describes process mapping? - An integral part of most improvement initiatives including Six Sigma, Lean, balanced scorecard, RCA, and FMEA - All of these answers are correct. - A graphical depiction of a process showing inputs, outputs, and steps in the process - A step used to understand and optimize a process

All of these answers are correct.

Which of the following is not a priority of comparative effectiveness research? - Improving healthcare systems - Allocating Medicare payments - Communicating and disseminating research - Addressing disparities across patient populations

Allocating Medicare payments

What does the word balanced mean in the term balanced scorecard - An organization executes strategy by viewing itself from a set of balanced perspectives - Employees are located in an even distribution within the facility - An organization has a balanced set of initiatives throughout its strategic plan - Marketing, operations, and finance all have equal representation in the executive suite

An organization executes strategy by viewing itself from a set of balanced perspectives

Jose is the supervisor of the laboratory. One of his testing machines seems to be giving different results for the same sample. To make sure he is delivering correct results, Jose uses a second machine to check the results of the first. This action represents which cost of quality type? - Internal failure - Appraisal - External failure - Prevention

Appraisal

Which strategy is not considered part of "evidence-based medicine"? - Correct coding of procedures and diagnoses - Using patient care guidelines - Using computerized medical records to identify optimal approaches to care - Using shared decision making tools for both patients and providers

Correct coding of procedures and diagnoses

Which of the following is not a quality certification or award? - ISO 9000 - Baldrige Award - ISO 9001 - Coventry Award

Coventry Award

Which of the following focuses more on operational goals than strategic objectives? - Scorecards - Reports - Dashboards - All of the above

Dashboards

Which of the following is not a predictive tool? - Regressions - Decision trees - Data mining - Neural networks

Data mining

The clinical delivery of healthcare is standardized throughout the United States of America. - True - False

False

Which part of a system flows from output to input and controls the quality of the system? - Capital - Goods or services - Feedback - Transformation process

Feedback

What are the four perspectives used in the balanced scorecard? - Finance, operations, customers, employees - Operations, community, customers, employees - Finance, operations, customers, patients - Operations, customers, employees, quality

Finance, operations, customers, employees

The topmost perspective on the standard strategy map is which of the following? - Financial - Customer - Learn and grow - Operations

Financial

Which tool is not part of the analyze phase of a Six Sigma project? - Bar graph - Regression analysis - Pie chart - Gantt chart

Gantt chart

What are the three steps to build a data framework? - Gather data, build information, gain actionable insights - Build information, develop plan, act on plan - Develop charts, gather data, dissect data - Research best methods, gather data, develop charts

Gather data, build information, gain actionable insights

Janice has a problem with her accounts receivable system. She has framed the problem as slow payments from Medicare. What should be her next step? - Choosing the best solution from a range of options that have been generated by her staff - Meeting with the Medicare fiscal intermediary - Gathering detailed data on the Medicare billing process - Generating or determining possible courses of action and evaluating those alternatives

Generating or determining possible courses of action and evaluating those alternatives

Which of the following best describes clinical decision support? - Phone hotlines to expert clinicians - Evidence-based clinical protocols - Guidelines and prompts that are built into electronic health records - Additional funds to install computerized records

Guidelines and prompts that are built into electronic health records

The primary function of the patient-centered medical home is which of the following? - Providing group housing for patients with a similar disease - Creating a dedicated data system for groups of patients with a similar disease - Having an organized team of care givers who focus on patients with chronic disease - Providing temporary care to traveling patients

Having an organized team of care givers who focus on patients with chronic disease

Which of the following is one of the seven ways predictive analytics can improve healthcare? - Allows only large test cases to be used to improve models - Helps with preventive medicine and public health efforts - Allows pharmaceutical companies to charge more for medication - Completely eliminates diagnosis error

Helps with preventive medicine and public health efforts

As Janice observes all the steps in her Medicare billing process, she notes that only one staff member is doing coding reviews and that individual is always behind. She decides to add a staff member to also do coding reviews. What has Janice just done? - Identified the bottleneck b. Identified the need for an employee engagement survey - Identified the need for an employee engagement survey - Identified the bottleneck and subordinated everything else to the constraint - Identified and elevated the constraint

Identified and elevated the constraint

Cross-functional (swim lane) process maps are used for which of the following? - Sorting each task on a scale of importance in achieving optimal performance of the process - Identifying the tasks that are accomplished by each individual or department in a process - Identifying the roles of each member of the process improvement team - Identifying activities in a process that are on the critical path

Identifying the tasks that are accomplished by each individual or department in a process

What is the most important message from W. Edwards Deming's work? - There are 14 points needed for a high-quality system. - Special variation in a process must be identified and corrected. - Psychology is as important as engineering in process improvement. - Improving quality will reduce expenses while increasing productivity and market share.

Improving quality will reduce expenses while increasing productivity and market share.

Which of the following is not a financial strategy used by healthcare organizations? - Increase customer satisfaction and retention - Invest in physical assets and human capital - Reduce costs and improve productivity - Grow revenue

Increase customer satisfaction and retention

Which of the following is not a reason for the increasing popularity of analytics in healthcare? - Increasingly sophisticated technology that allows for analysis of data on a massive scale - Required reporting of thousands of measures - Increasing demand from customers for public analytic reports - Increased pressure to improve clinical, operational, and financial results

Increasing demand from customers for public analytic reports

Which of the following is not a trend that provides opportunity for improvement in the US health system? - More powerful data and analytics tools - Adoption of precision medicine tools such as pharmacogenetics - Individual providers avoiding mergers, partnerships, and acquisitions - Automation, robots, and the internet replacing human labor

Individual providers avoiding mergers, partnerships, and acquisitions

The just-in-time inventory system and the Toyota Production System were the foundation for which of the following? - Total quality management - Lean production - Activity-based costing - Six Sigma

Lean production

What is the most important tool that is used to implement a traditional strategic plan? - Management control and actions - Financial reports - Operational reports and statistics - The strategic plan document

Management control and actions

What is the ultimate goal of providing employees with training, supportive culture, and appropriate IT tools? - Meeting the organization's goals - Employee productivity - Employee satisfaction - Employee retention

Meeting the organization's goals

A direct numerical measure that represents a piece of business data in relationship with one or more dimensions is called what? - Key performance indicator - Metric - Grain - Scorecard

Metric

Which of the following is the best example of standard care? - Minute clinic - Follow-up after cardiac surgery - Reconstructive surgery - Type II diabetes care

Minute clinic

Public reporting of healthcare quality does not measure which of the following? - The sickness level of patients - Clinical outcomes - Patient compliance - Patient satisfaction

Patient compliance

Which of the following is not a measure of innovation? - Product profitability - Time to break even (development cost = accumulated profit) - New product introductions - Percentage of sales from new products

Product profitability

Which of the following is not a key tool for project management? - Quality circles - Program evaluation and review technique - Gantt chart - Critical path method

Quality circles

What of the following was not a key strategy for successful healthcare organizations in the past? - Attract talented clinicians - Reduce costs - Add new technology - Find new methods to increase revenue

Reduce costs

What is the primary problem with using traditional reporting tools to execute strategy? - Reports do not connect to other reports or actions - Reports are created for different time frames (weeks, months, etc.). - Reports are reviewed by different managers at different levels. - Reports are created by different departments

Reports do not connect to other reports or actions

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a project? - Has a specified scope of work - Is done one time - Results in cost savings - Has a specified budget

Results in cost savings

Which public reporting strategy is the most effective in improving quality? - Rewarding providers who have high scores or improvements - Making information understandable to consumers - Making risk adjustments to quality measures - Ranking providers by quality score

Rewarding providers who have high scores or improvements

Jose is checking his laboratory equipment using test control samples that are designed to give the same results and are used to calibrate the equipment. When he runs 100 samples ,he gets two results that are greater than 3 standard errors of the mean. These results are called what? - Special variation - 2 sigma quality - Common variation - Error bars

Special variation

What is a necessary element of a system for mass production? - Specialization of tasks - Moving conveyor line - Entry-level workforce - Robots

Specialization of tasks

Frank and Lillian Gilbreth were practitioners of scientific management. They also had 12 children. Which scientific management technique did they use while raising their children? - They had each child set and clean up their own place at the dining table. - They had each child care for a different section of their lawn. - They had each child have the same haircut. - They bought only one type of sock for all their children, thereby avoiding sorting.

They bought only one type of sock for all their children, thereby avoiding sorting.

Why is it important to have project milestones? - They fix accountability for team member - They show the expected times for the major accomplishments in a project. - They indicate the critical path. - They show all the detailed tasks

They show the expected times for the major accomplishments in a project.

Which of the following is the type of contracting with the highest risk? - Fixed price - All of these answers have the same risk level - Time and materials - Cost reimbursement

Time and materials

What is the primary purpose of the balanced scorecard? - To effectively implement strategy - To track key production indicators - To report operating statistics on the organization's website - To solve an immediate crisis

To effectively implement strategy

In general, a decision tree is used for what purpose? - To expand the risk profiles of tasks in a process map - To illustrate the logic in a decision for review by senior management - To examine and evaluate decisions in a structured manner - To determine the financial impact of a specific course of action

To examine and evaluate decisions in a structured manner

Which of the following is not a part of evidence-based medicine? - Medical research - Clinical protocols - Total quality management groups - Effective dissemination and implementation

Total quality management groups

Electronic health records allow for data collection from patients, which offer insights and the capability to improve decision making. - True - False

True

Many changes in a healthcare system will be resisted and reinforced by feedback mechanisms, many of which are not clearly visible. - True - False

True

One of the most expensive aspects of all healthcare systems is the care of patients with chronic disease. - True - False

True

Reinforcing feedback prompts change that builds on itself and amplifies the outcome of a process. - True - False

True

Supply chain management encompasses the planning and management of all activities involved in sourcing and procurement, conversion, and all logistics management activities. - True - False

True

Which of the following is not a common theme found in successful Six Sigma programs? - Team-based projects - Use of quantitative measures - Use of Taguchi methods - Top management support

Use of Taguchi methods

Which of the following is not an element of Wagner's chronic care model? - Population-based research - Custom treatment plans - Use of evidence-based medicine - Use of generic medications

Use of generic medications

Which of the following is an example of balancing feedback? - Developing a blueprint for an ICU - Using real-time physiological monitoring to control drug dosage - Injecting a patient with a drug - Hand washing

Using real-time physiological monitoring to control drug dosage

Which is not a characteristic of big data? - Variety - Velocity - Volume - Very searchable

Very searchable

From the customer perspective, what is the most important question an organization should ask? - What is the value proposition we are delivering to our customers? - Are our physicians loyal? - Are our patient experience scores improving? - Are we increasing our market share?

What is the value proposition we are delivering to our customers?

Which is the most useful level of the knowledge hierarchy for making management decisions? - Understanding - Wisdom - Data - Information

Wisdom

Which of the following is the most detailed level in a work breakdown? - Work package - Sub-task - Personnel time percentage - Task

Work package

Vincent Valley Hospital is - located in Illinois. - facing serious financial problems. - developing an accountable care organization. - a fictional, but realistic, healthcare system used to illustrate the effective use of operations management tools and techniques.

a fictional, but realistic, healthcare system used to illustrate the effective use of operations management tools and techniques.

Jose, the lab manager, wants to improve the quality in his laboratory with a Six Sigma program. He wants Sandy, his chemistry supervisor, to attend a Six Sigma training program so that she can oversee all Six Sigma projects that will occur in the lab. Sandy will be trained as a ______________. - yellow belt - master black belt - black belt - green belt

black belt

The critical path is used to... - determine the total cost of a project - determine which tasks have the greatest risk of not being done on time - determine which tasks are linked and, if accomplished on time, will result in the shortest duration for the project - determine if the predecessors relationships are incorrect

determine which tasks are linked and, if accomplished on time, will result in the shortest duration for the project

A RASIC diagram is used to. - identify the role and responsibility of each team member for each task - estimate the time for each team member's work on each task - estimate the total cost of a project. - find the critical path

identify the role and responsibility of each team member for each task

Prevention quality indicators are used for - identifying patients in need of additional care. - identifying hospital admissions that could be prevented with effective outpatient care. - inclusion in hospital quality scorecards. - calculating quality bonuses in Medicare.

identifying hospital admissions that could be prevented with effective outpatient care.

The goal of operations management is to - optimize the cost of products and services. - more effectively and efficiently produce and deliver the organization's products and services. - develop new surgical procedures and use evidence-based guidelines. - identify employees and employee groups who have high performance in an organization.

more effectively and efficiently produce and deliver the organization's products and services.

Tasks in a work breakdown should be - no more than one day long - no more than three weeks long - no more than six weeks long - no more than one week long

no more than three weeks long

A change control policy is important - no project is ever completed exactly as it was initially planned - project personnel may change - financial resources may change - someone needs to be assigned the accountability.

no project is ever completed exactly as it was initially planned

What variables are measured in the measurement phase of a Six Sigma project? - process input, process output, critical to quality - Process error rate, process output, process duration - Process duration, process variability, critical to quality - Process input, process output, process duration

process input, process output, critical to quality

Crashing a project can be accomplished by... - adding more staff to the project team - sending frequent updates to the stakeholder group - shortening the duration of tasks on the critical path - eliminating tasks that have low value

shortening the duration of tasks on the critical path

Janice's new system to improve her Medicare accounts receivable system does not perform as expected. Janice's team had applied system changes that they had copied from their Medicaid billing system. This type of failure is known as __________________. - overconfidence in your judgment - shooting from the hip - group failure - shortsighted shortcuts

shortsighted shortcuts

Agile project management should be used when... - it is a small project - the project involves software development - the exact performance characteristics are unknown at the beginning of the project - the project team will have many different members

the exact performance characteristics are unknown at the beginning of the project

A diamond is used in process map... - to indicate a valuable step in the process. - to show those points in the process where alternative paths can be followed. - to show delays. - to show transports.

to show those points in the process where alternative paths