HDFS 3710 Test 3

emotion focused

A 62-year-old woman was told by her physician, much to her own distress, that she needs to lose 15 pounds in order to reduce her risk of developing diabetes. Instead of following the physician's advice, though, she instead tries to make herself feel better by minimizing the importance of what she's just heard. This way of coping with stress is known as:

know how to react in an emergency

A factor in the driving behavior of older adults is that, compared to younger adults, they are more likely to:

change in defense mechanism

A major emphasis of psychodynamic theory is understanding the use of ________________ in adulthood.

continuity

According to ___________ theory, retirees maintain a sense of identity and therefore do not experience retirement in a negative manner.

flashbulb memory

According to research on _____________ memory, older adults are able to remember distinctive historical events as well as do younger adults.

inhibitory deficit

According to the __________hypothesis about the effects of aging on attention, older adults take longer to respond because they are unable to ignore distracting or interfering stimuli:

conjugative

According to the age complexity hypothesis, a(n) _________ search task would present the greatest challenge to a normally-aging older adult.

stability

According to the correspondence principle, personality __________ is enhanced over adulthood because people selectively experience life events that reinforce their existing personalities.

congruence

After several years at his current job as a sales manager, a 50-year-old man decides he would rather remain a sales manager than do anything else because it suits his personality and interests. Based on the RIASEC model, you would expect that his score on a measure of career _________ would therefore be higher than would someone else's score who did not desire a career change.

informational

As pointed out in socioemotional selectivity theory, people who value the _________ function of their relationships are likely to seek advice and practical tips from the people with whom they spend time.

Conscientious-Conformist

Because most adults in our society have internalized society's norms about what's right and wrong but do not necessarily have a true conscience, personality theorist Loevinger believed that they fall into the _______________ stage of ego development.

event-related potentials

Data from studies measuring the brain's electrical activation to stimuli, also known as _______________, show that older adults are less able to inhibit irrelevant information.

metabolic syndrome (through the role of the hormone IGF-1)

Even in the absence of a neurocognitive disorder, people at risk of which medical condition are more likely to experience significant memory loss?

cortisol

In Whitehall II, workers in lower employment grades had higher ___________ levels, beginning in the morning and continuing through the end of the day, supporting the idea that their stress was related to poor sleep as well as their experiences at work.

source

Mixing up who said what in a conversation that happened in the past is an instance of ___________ memory failure, a problem that affects older more than younger adults.

parallel processing

On simple search tasks, where targets stand out relatively easily from distractors, older adults perform at high levels, because these tasks require:

the situation

People who use problem-focused coping are most likely to try to change ____________ when faced with a stressor.

attentional resource theory

Scaffolding theory in the area of cognitive aging comes closest to which concept in the area of aging and the nervous system?

socioemotional selectivity

Supporting the theory known as ____________, Isaacowitz's research on eye movements showed that older people prefer to look at the happy parts of a face.

nervous system changes

The General Slowing Hypothesis proposes that older adults become slower primarily because of

age complexity hypothesis

The ______________ hypothesis proposes that older adults are disproportionately slower on tasks that are more difficult.

executive functioning

The abilities to plan, use working memory, allocate mental resources to incoming tasks, and inhibit information are included in the cognitive skill known in psychology as:

ego integrity

The amount of time a person has left to live is an important factor in personality according to which theory of development?

resource model

The idea that people are able to draw on their physical, psychological, and social capabilities to allow them to adjust to retirement is referred to as the ________ model.

briny plot

With the help of the ______________, researchers in the area of cognitive aging are able to calculate the extent of attentional slowing in older adults.

incongruence

Workers who fail to develop as optimally as possible are, in Holland's theory, referred to as:

dreaded possible self

You're having a chat with your older cousin who, at age 35, believes that he may never be able to get the kind of job for which he feels qualified. He sees himself as on his way to a dead-end career. Your cousin's beliefs fit into the concept of:

Correspondence Principle

________________________would predict that, over time, a highly agreeable person would be more liked by other people, which would further increase that person's agreeableness over the years of adulthood.

attentional resource theory

process reflecting the allocation of cognitive resources; older adults have difficulty allocating enough of their mental focus to cognitive operations

role theory

provides resources that buffer against stress (ex: social support)

conjugative search task

target differs from distractors in more than one way; involves serial processing

compensatory effect

work provides an opportunity for cognitive stimulation

scaffolding theory of aging and cognition

working stimulated connection i note brain and strengthens existing connections

find opportunities for growth and self-expression

The so-called "absolute innovators" identified in a study of retired travelers were more likely than the comparison group of non-innovators to

semantic

Vocabulary, factual information, and historical knowledge fall into the category of ____________ memory, a process not affected by aging.

take spouse qualities and family obligations into account

What differentiates the "new mode" approach from the "usual" mode of retirement?

opportunities for engagement

Which of the following is a sociocultural factor in the biopsychosocial model of retirement?

life course perspective theory

Which theory of adult development proposes that retirees are best able to adapt to their new status when they view it as a normative event?