head and neck

A 73-year-old nurse comes to your office for evaluation of new onset of tremors. She is not on any medications and does not take herbs or supplements. She has no chronic medical conditions. She does not smoke or drink alcohol. She walks into the examination room with slow movements and shuffling steps. She has decreased facial mobility and a blunt expression, without any changes in hair distribution on her face. Based on this description, what is the most likely reason for the patient's symptoms?

Parkinson's disease

a patient complains of epistaxis. which other cause should be considered?

hematemesis

you are conducting a pupillary examination on a 34 year old man. you note that both pupils dilate slightly. both are noted to constrict briskly when the light is placed on the right eye. what is the most likely problem

optic nerve damage on the left

A 67 year old lawyer comes to your clinic for an annual examination. He denies any history of eye trauma. He denies any visual changes. You inspect his eyes and find a triangular thickening of the bulbar conjunctiva across the outer surface of the cornea. He has a normal pupillary reaction to light and accommodation. Based on this description, what is the most likely diagnosis?

pterygium

sudden, painless, unilateral vision loss may be caused by which of the following

retinal detachment

which of the following is a symptom involving the eye

scotomas

a patient is assigned a visual acuity of 20/100 in her left eye. which of the following is true

she can see at 20 feet what a normal person could see at 100 feet

which area of the funds is the central focal point for incoming images

the fovea

a young man is concerned about a hard mass he has just noticed in the midline of his palate. on examination it is indeed hard and in the midline.

torus palatines

a young woman undergoes cranial nerve testing. on touching the soft palate, her uvula deviates to the left. which of the following is likely?

CN X lesion on the right

which of the following is a "red flag" regarding patients presenting with headache?

age over 50

Diplopia, which is present with one eye covered, can be caused by which of the following problems?

an irregularity in the cornea or lens

very sensitive methods for detecting hearing loss including which of the following

audiometric testing

A 49-year-old administrative assistant comes to your office for evaluation of dizziness. You elicit the information that the dizziness is a spinning sensation of sudden onset, worse with head position changes. The episodes last a few seconds and then go away, and they are accompanied by intense nausea. She has vomited one time. She denies tinnitus. You perform a physical examination of the head and neck and note that the patient's hearing is intact to Weber and Rinne and that there is nystagmus. Her gait is normal. Based on this description, what is the most likely diagnosis?

benign positional vertigo

A light is pointed at a patient's pupil which contracts. It is also noted that the other pupil contracts as well though it is not exposed to light. Which of the following terms best describes this reaction?

consensual reaction

A 29-year-old physical therapist presents for evaluation of an eyelid problem. On observation, the right eyeball appears to be protruding forward. Based on this description, what is the most likely diagnosis?

exophthalmos

a patient presents with ear pain. she is an avid swimmer. the history includes pain and drainage..........

external otitis

A 12 year old presents to the clinic with his father for evaluation of a painful lump in the left eye. It started this morning. He denies any trauma or injury. There is no visual disturbance. Upon physical examination, there is a red raised area at the external margin of the eyelid that is tender to palpation; no tearing occurs with palpation of the lesion. Based on this description, what is the most likely diagnosis

hordeolum

you note that a patient has anisocoria on examination. pathologic causes of this include which fo the following

horner's syndrome

a patient is examined with the ophthalmoscope and found to have red reflexes bilaterally. which of the following have you essentially excluded from your differential?

hypertensive retinopathy

Glaucoma is the leading cause of blindness in African-Americans and the second leading cause of blindness overall. What features would be noted on funduscopic examination?

increased cup to disc ratio

You feel a small mass that you think is a lymph node. It is mobile in both the up-and-down and side-to-side directions. Which of the following is most likely?

lymph node

A 55-year-old bank teller comes to your office for persistent episodes of dizziness. The first episode started suddenly and lasted 3 to 4 hours. He experienced a lot of nausea with vomiting; the episode resolved spontaneously. He has had five episodes in the past weeks. He does note some tinnitus that comes and goes. Upon physical examination, you note that he has a normal gait. The Weber localizes to the right side and the air conduction is equal to the bone conduction in the right ear. Nystagmus is present. Based on this description, what is the most likely diagnosis?

meniere's disease

A 38-year-old accountant comes to your clinic for evaluation of a headache. The throbbing sensation is located in the right temporal region and is an 8 on a scale of 1 to 10. It started a few hours ago, and she has noted nausea with sensitivity to light; she has had headaches like this in the past, usually less than one per week, but not as severe. She does not know of any inciting factors. There has been no change in the frequency of her headaches. She usually takes an over-the-counter analgesic and this results in resolution of the headache. Based on this description, what is the most likely diagnosis of the type of headache?

migraine

sudden, painful unilateral loss of vision may be caused by which of the following conditions

optic neuritis

a patient with hearing loss by whisper test is further examined with a tuning fork, using the weber and rinse maneuvers

otosclerosis of the left ear

a college student presents with a sore throat, fever, and fatigue for several days. you notice exudates on her enlarged tonsils. you do a carful lymphatic examination and notice some scattered small, mobile lymph nodes just behind her sternocleidomastoid muscles bilaterally. what group of nodes is this?

posterior cervical

on visual confrontation testing, a stroke patient is unable to see your fingers on his entire right side with either eye covered. which of the following terms would describe this finding?

right homonymous hemianopsia

A 15-year-old high school sophomore presents to the emergency room with his mother for evaluation fo an area of blood in the left eye. he denies trauma or injury but has been coughing --------

subconjunctival hemorrhage

A 29-year-old computer programmer comes to your office for evaluation of a headache. The tightening sensation is located all over the head and is of moderate intensity. It used to last minutes, but this time it has lasted for 5 days. He denies photophobia and nausea. He spends several hours each day at a computer monitor/keyboard. He has tried over-the-counter medication; it has dulled the pain but not taken it away. Based on this description, what is your most likely diagnosis?

tenison