health chapter 3

Which graduating class, averaging over $37,000 of debt, was the most indebted class ever?

2016

All EXCEPT which of the following characteristics are possessed by someone with a Type D personality?

an optimistic outlook

All EXCEPT which of the following techniques help prevent a person from experiencing technostress?

answering all text messages immediately upon receipt

College students not only face many of the same stressors that all adults are exposed to, but also certain stressors unique to their time of life and their living circumstances. "Hassles" are those small frustrations and petty annoyances individuals experience on a daily basis that cause stress. From the list below, choose the item that is not an example of a "hassle."

Before exams, you keep finding yourself doubting your ability to perform well by thinking negative thoughts about your skills and knowledge

What is a stressor? Which of the following statements regarding a stressor is correct?

A stressor does not have to be real; it can be a creation of the imagination

stress among college students is a serious problem, with nearly 55 percent of students reporting feeling average or tremendous stress over the last year. From the list below, choose the statement that does not accurately describe an effect of stress on intellectual and/or psychological health.

Depression and anxiety are likely not linked to adult environmental stressors, but are associated with childhood experiences like violence, abuse, and poverty.

As you can see from the Choose This, Not That figure, both exercising and drinking are used as destressors. Why do you think students should use exercise as a stress-management technique rather than using drinking as a coping mechanism?

Drinking increases the chances of risky behaviors that lead to serious negative consequences.

College life can at times be overwhelming and leave students feeling anxious and unable to handle their heavy loads. Learning how to cope with stressors can help lessen the adverse physical and psychological effects associated with excess stress. Various stress-management techniques exist to help students manage the inevitable negative stressors of life. Which of the following scenarios describes an individual developing a support network to help in stress management?

Nathan begins checking in with his best friend, Ben, at least twice a week either by text, phone, or meeting for lunch, so that they can both decompress and recharge.

Stress can come from both external and internal factors. Individual factors like negative interpretation of events, low self-esteem, anxiety, and poor coping mechanisms can all contribute to stress levels. From the list below, select the correct description of psychological hardiness, psychological resilience, or "shift and persist" strategies.

Psychologically resilient people are those who maintain and regain their psychological well-being even when facing difficult life challenges.

Homeostasis is the tendency of your body to maintain stable internal conditions within certain limits to maintain health and proper functioning. Stress threatens homeostasis, and the body attempts to return to normal through adaptive response. Choose the statement below that correctly describes a phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS).

The alarm phase of the GAS triggers the flight-or-fight response, in which the body prepares to deal with a real or perceived threat.

You've learned a lot about stress and coping mechanisms as a preparation for the meeting by studying the Choose This, Not That figure. However, you've just realized that you have yet to answer the question, "What might be some of the long-term consequences of prolonged stress?" Select all that apply.

The immune system is being affected during the alarm phase by the elevated stress hormones. A prolonged exposure to these hormones inhibits the immune system from functioning correctly. This can lead to weakening the body's ability to fight off germs. The digestive system is not getting sufficient blood flow during the alarm phase, and, therefore, cannot function correctly. This can lead to digestive problems like diarrhea, constipation, or stomachache.

Stress is both the physical and mental adaptation and response by your body to real and perceived challenges and changes that threaten your well-being. There are two basic kinds of stress: eustress and distress. From the list of examples below, select the stressors that would most likely cause eustress.

accepting an assignment from your editor at the school newspaper for the first time choosing the courses to fill your schedule for next semester for your new major getting married to your partner of the last two years and starting a life living in a new home

A person you would describe as calm, noncompetitive, and tolerant of others has personality Type __________.

b

An example of a sympathomimetic substance or food that people consume is __________.

caffeine

The modification of thoughts, ideas, and beliefs that contribute to stress is known as __________.

cognitive restructuring

Susan recently ended a ten-year relationship when she learned that her partner was cheating on her. This situation most likely caused __________.

distress

During the stress response, the adrenal glands release which hormone that stimulates other body systems?

epinephrine

Positive stress that presents the opportunity for personal growth is known as __________.

eustress

During which stage of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) does allostatic load occur?

exhaustion phase

Research indicates that being exposed to prolonged stress can have serious deleterious effects on intellectual, emotional, and physical health. From the list below, select all of the physical health effects that may result from chronic stress.

increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk hair thinning atherosclerosis impaired cellular immune response migraine

Which of the following is a relaxation technique that involves deep breathing and concentration?

meditation

Common physical symptoms of stress include __________.

memory and digestive problems

Which branch of the autonomic nervous system slows down certain body functions as part of recovery from exposure to a stressor?

parasympathetic

An example of an event that is likely to be associated with eustress is __________.

receiving the highest score in the class on a final exam

The inability of lower-income groups to sustain the same lifestyle as higher-income groups in the same community is known as:

relative deprivation

Which of the following is NOT an example of a background distressor?

soothing music

A series of mental and physiological responses and adaptations to a real or perceived change and challenges is referred to as __________.

stress

The term or phrase used to describe what happens physiologically when we respond to a perceived threat or imminent danger is __________.

the fight-or-flight response

Psychologist Martin Seligman includes the following components in his concept of flourishing EXCEPT:

visualization

The process of forming mental images to promote relaxation is __________.

visualization