Herbal pharm chapter 24/23 final

Which statements are true about natural or herbal substances in the United States? a. Herbal products marketed as dietary supplements are not required to comply with safety and efficacy regulations imposed on drug products. b. Manufacturers cannot claim to cure conditions, but they can claim to improve structure or function. c. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) can allow a qualified health claim if scientific evidence exists to support the claim. d. Because a prescription is not necessary for their use, most patients do not consider natural products or dietary supplements to be medicine. e. All of the above are true. f. Only A and C are true.

All of the above are true.

which is the mechanism of action of xylitol for its antibacterial and cariostatic effects? a. Direct bactericidal effect on Streptococcus mutans b. Inhibition of the ability of S. mutans to adhere and multiply in plaque c. Inability to be metabolized by S. mutans as a nutrient source d. B and C only e. All of the above

B and C only

Which herbal supplement products have been proven effective in protecting against plaque and gingivitis? a. Acemannan hydrogel (extract of aloe vera) b. Essential oil mouth rinse c. Oil of cloves (eugenol) d. Triclosan e. Xylitol f. B and D only

B and D only

An increased risk of bleeding can occur when __________ is taken in conjunction with antiplatelet drugs or anticoagulants. a. Ma huang b. Garlic c. Ginkgo biloba d. Feverfew e. St. John's wart f. All of the above g. B, C, and D

B, C, and D

what drug is a is a nicotine receptor blocker binds this is will block receptor so decades production of dopamine

Chantix/ varenicline

Herbal products in the United States are regulated by which governmental agency? a. Federal Trade Commission b. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) c. Environmental Protection Agency d. Dietary Supplement and Education Act (DSHEA) e. US Pharmacopeia

Dietary Supplement and Education Act (DSHEA)

Which is true of eugenol? a. Used in mouth rinses containing thymol, eucalyptol, and menthol. b. Extract of aloe vera plant leaf used to treat aphthous ulcers. c. Historically used in dentistry as a topical analgesic for dental pain. d. Herbal-based product that significantly reduces plaque and gingivitis. e. Naturally occurring sweetener with an anticariogenic effect.

Historically used in dentistry as a topical analgesic for dental pain.

Each of the following is true of the FDA Food Safety and Modernization Act of 2010 EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? a. It provides the FDA with mandatory recall authority for all foods. b. It requires the FDA to issue New Dietary Ingredients guidance. c. It expands the facility registration obligations. d. It requires the manufacturer to prove that an herbal product is safe and effective.

It requires the manufacturer to prove that an herbal product is safe and effective.

The FDA has performed much of the research and advanced the knowledge about herbal products and supplements. The German Federal Health Agency established the German Commission E to review and analyze world literature on plant-based products. a. Both statements are true. b. Both statements are false. c. The first statement is true, the second is false. d. The first statement is false, the second is true.

The first statement is false, the second is true.

Many consumers consider herbal products to be nontoxic or side effect free because they are often called "natural" remedies. Most herbal products cause no adverse effects and drug interactions. a. Both statements are true. b. Both statements are false. c. The first statement is true, the second is false. d. The first statement is false, the second is true.

The first statement is true, the second is false.

Oil of cloves has been used in dentistry for many years as a topical analgesic for dental pain. Extensive clinical trials have confirmed its efficacy. a. Both statements are true. b. Both statements are false. c. The first statement is true, the second is false. d. The first statement is false, the second is true.

The first statement is true, the second is false.

The FDA introduced Good Manufacturing Practice standards to ensure that dietary supplements are free of adulterants, contaminants, and impurities and that the labels accurately depict the contents of the package. This testing in mandatory and is enforced by the FDA. a. Both statements are true. b. Both statements are false. c. The first statement is true, the second is false. d. The first statement is false, the second is true.

The first statement is true, the second is false.

Each of the following is a problem with herbal supplements EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? a. Information about drug interactions with herbal supplements is lacking. b. The purity and potency of these products are closely regulated. c. Dosage is not standardized. d. Package labeling is often incomplete or inaccurate. e. The product may contain more than one active ingredient.

The purity and potency of these products are closely regulated.

The Adverse Events Reporting law requires reporting of "serious" adverse events for a. both over-the-counter drugs and dietary supplements. b. over-the-counter drugs but not dietary supplements. c. dietary supplements but not over-the-counter drugs. d. neither over-the-counter drugs nor dietary supplements.

both over-the-counter drugs and dietary supplements.