Hesi Grammar

A part of speech is a group of words categorized by their... Dialectical differences Phonetic characteristics Language of origin Function in a sentence

Function in a sentence

Pronouns

help us avoid saying the same nouns over and over

What parts of speech are often referred to as ''action words''? Nouns Conjunctions Interjections Verbs

Verbs

antecedent

is the word that a pronoun replaces or refers to

dependent clause

isn't a complete sentence on its own

modifier

a word, phrase or clause that modifies (or describes) another word

The most important reason modifiers should be correctly placed in a sentence is that _____. Well placed modifiers make the intended meaning of the sentence clear to the reader. Misplaced and dangling modifiers demonstrate sloppy writing and grammar skills. Mistakes in modifiers can be unintentionally funny to the reader. Authors need to be responsible for writing with proper literary style and tone.

Well placed modifiers make the intended meaning of the sentence clear to the reader.

noun

is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea

Dangling modifiers

is just like a misplaced modifier except that the thing it's supposed to modify is missing!

Misplaced modifiers

is a modifier that finds itself in the wrong part of the sentence

independent clause

is the simplest sentence you can write, consists of a subject and a verb that can stand alone as a sentence

Which of these is a part of speech? a. Preposition b. All of the answers are correct. c. Interjection d. Conjunction

b. All of the answers are correct.

In the following sentence, identify the phrases that correctly modify the word 'sheep.' Startled by the explosion, the sheep began racing around the pen, ignoring the crowds. 'By the explosion' and 'around the pen.' 'Startled by the explosion' and 'ignoring the crowds.' 'Startled by the explosion' and 'racing around the pen.' 'Racing around the pen' and 'ignoring the crowds.

'Startled by the explosion' and 'ignoring the crowds.'

_____ are used to modify nouns or pronouns; while _____ provide details on verbs, adjectives, or adverbs. Prepositions; pronouns Pronouns; prepositions Adverbs; adjectives Adjectives; adverbs

Adjectives; adverbs

Which of the following indicates that a verb should be singular? The subject is plural There is an indirect object in the sentence The subject is singular There is a direct object in the sentence

The subject is singular

Which pronoun would correctly fill in the blank in the following sentence? The government levied taxes on _____ citizens. its their his or her There is no antecedent, so there can be no pronoun in this sentence. government's

its

In the following sentence, identify the misplaced modifier and why it doesn't work. The Senator nearly spoke for two hours about the somewhat unfair tax increase before the committee tiredly voted on the motion. 'Before the committee tiredly voted on the motion,' because it should appear at the beginning of the sentence. 'Somewhat,' because it weakly modifies the word 'unfair.' 'Tiredly,' because it should appear after the word 'motion.' 'Nearly,' because it should appear before the words 'two hours.'

'Nearly,' because it should appear before the words 'two hours.'

Which of the following is a singular indefinite pronoun? everybody either neither All of the answers are correct. anyone

All of the answers are correct.

indefinite pronouns

do not refer to a specific person or thing

vague pronoun reference

occurs when there's no antecedent provided at all, or when there's more than one possible antecedent

Which of the following sentences is grammatically correct? I survived the shipwreck; incidentally, I am an excellent swimmer. I survived the shipwreck, I am an excellent swimmer. I survived the shipwreck being an excellent swimmer. I survived shipwreck I am an excellent swimmer.

I survived the shipwreck being an excellent swimmer.

In the following sentence, identify the dangling modifier and why it is wrong. Since getting that new job out of town, my gas bills have doubled and my car is falling apart. 'And my car is falling apart,' because it incorrectly adds a second clause to the modifier. 'Gas bills' and 'my car,' because they incorrectly serve as subject nouns in the sentence. 'Out of town,' because it incorrectly inserts a preposition between the modifier and the subject. 'Since getting that new job,' because it incorrectly modifies 'my gas bills.'

'Since getting that new job,' because it incorrectly modifies 'my gas bills.'

How does a dependent clause differ from an independent clause? A dependent clause can only be joined by subordinating conjuncture, while an independent clause must be joined using adverb clauses. A dependent clause doesn't have verbs or subjects, while an independent clause cannot have anything more than 1 verb and 1 subject. A dependent clause isn't a complete sentence on its own, while an independent clause can be a stand-alone sentence. A dependent clause always uses the passive voice, while an independent clause always uses the active voice.

A dependent clause can only be joined by subordinating conjuncture, while an independent clause must be joined using adverb clauses.

Why is the word 'who' important to the following dependent clause? ''The man who had it all eventually lost everything.'' Because it is a relative pronoun that connects the dependent clause 'who had it all'. Because it is a relative pronoun that connects the independent clause 'who had it all'. Because it is a noun-pronoun that connects the independent clause 'who had it all'. Because it is a personal pronoun that connects the dependent clause 'who had it all'.

Because it is a relative pronoun that connects the dependent clause 'who had it all'.

Which of the following sentences has an INCORRECT subject-verb agreement? Any book about space visits from vampire Martian aliens is my idea of a good weekend read. It's amazing that there are never any leftovers in my house after the Super Bowl game. Subject-verb agreement usually gets trickier as sentences expand into more complex structures. The thought of all the home repairs we need after the bathrooms flooded are daunting.

The thought of all the home repairs we need after the bathrooms flooded are daunting.

Which of the following sentences is NOT grammatically correct? You insult my honor; therefore, I challenge you to a duel. You insult my honor I am challenging you to a duel. You insult my honor. I challenge you to a duel. You insult my honor; I challenge you to a duel.

You insult my honor I am challenging you to a duel.

Which of the following correctly lists the coordinating conjunctions? from, and, nor, but, or, yet, so. for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so. for, after, not, but, or, yet, so. for, and, nor, both, or, yet, so.

for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so.

In the following sentence, _____ is the subject noun and _____ is the verb. 'The two girls, as they stroll past the park, hear the faint sound of church bells chiming the hour.' two; sound girls; hear the; hear bells; hour

girls; hear

Which is the correct pronoun to refer to the singular indefinite pronoun antecedent someone in the following sentence? Someone at the party had lost _____ earring. hers All of the answers are correct. her/his their both

her/his

Which is the correct pronoun to refer to the antecedent actor in the following sentence? The actor forgot _____ lines in the middle of the play. hers theirs All of the answers are correct. their his

his

In the following sentence, what is the antecedent to which the pronoun she refers? My mother made all of her own clothes, and she did a very good job of it. she all There is no clear antecedent in this sentence. her mother

mother

Deciding whether the verb should be singular or plural in 'either/or' and 'neither/nor' sentence structures depends on whether: The compound noun is plural or singular. The subjects are both plural or both singular. The subjects are followed by prepositional phrases. A singular or plural subject is closest to the verb.

A singular or plural subject is closest to the verb

Which one of the following parts of speech is used to interrupt flow in a sentence? conjunction pronoun adverb interjection

interjection

Which of the following sentences has an INCORRECT subject-verb agreement? Psychologists who came up with the idea of multitasking have lately been saying they were wrong. Despite all the fuss about formal wedding dinners, I'm serving barbecue at mine. Across the bay, fleets of old fishing boats was seen on the horizon. Whenever you have time, the architect and his assistant would like to talk to you about the remodel.

Across the bay, fleets of old fishing boats was seen on the horizon.

Determine if the following sentence contains an incorrect modifier. After falling from a ladder, the firefighter was rushed to the emergency room in a taxi and given blood before surgery. Yes: the phrase 'to the emergency room' should be placed after the phrase 'in a taxi.' Yes: the phrase 'before surgery' is missing a clarifying modifier. No: the modifiers correctly refer to the prepositional phrases. No: the modifying phrases are correctly ordered and the meaning is clear.

No: the modifying phrases are correctly ordered and the meaning is clear.