HESI PHARM

Acetysalicylic Acid (Aspirin) -can cause decreased platelet aggregation, increasing the risk for undesired bleeding that may occur with administration of anticoagulants.

A client is receiving warfarin for a pulmonary embolism. Which drug is often contraindicated when taking warfarin? Atenolol Ferrous sulfate Chlorpromazine Acetylsalicylic acid

Furosemide (Lasix) acts on loop of Henle increasing excretion of chloride and sodium. Acetazolamide is used in the treatment of glaucoma to lower intraocular pressure.

A client is admitted to the intensive care unit with acute pulmonary edema. Which diuretic does the nurse anticipate will be prescribed? Furosemide Chlorothiazide Spironolactone Acetazolamide

"Dark green leafy vegetables are high in vitamin K so I should eat them more often." -Foods high in vitamin K should be limited to the usual amounts eaten by the client when establishing the prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR) because vitamin K is part of the body's blood-clotting mechanism and will counter the effects of warfarin if eaten in excess.

A client with a history of pulmonary emboli is taking warfarin daily. The nurse teaches the client about foods that are appropriate to consume when taking this medication. The nurse evaluates that the client needs further teaching when the client makes which statement? "Eggs provide a good source of iron, which is needed to prevent anemia." "Yellow vegetables are high in vitamin A and should be included in the diet." "Fish and shrimp are iodine-rich food sources that can prevent hypothyroidism." "Dark green leafy vegetables are high in vitamin K so I should eat them more often."

Because it diminishes toxicity of folic acid antagonists

A client with cancer is receiving a multiple chemotherapy protocol. Included in the protocol is leucovorin. The nurse concludes that this drug is administered for what purpose? To potentiate the effect of alkylating agents Because it diminishes toxicity of folic acid antagonists To limit the occurrence of vomiting associated with chemotherapy Interference with cell division at a different stage of cell division than the other drugs

Red wine clients taking isoniazid should avoid foods containing tyramine such as red wine, tuna fish, and hard cheese.

A client diagnosed with tuberculosis is taking isoniazid. To prevent a food and drug interaction, the nurse should advise the client to avoid which food item? Hot dogs Red wine Sour cream Apple juice

Loperamide (Imodium) -Loperamide inhibits peristalsis and prolongs transit time by its effect on the nerves in the muscle wall of the intestines.

A client has severe diarrhea, and the health care provider prescribes intravenous fluids, sodium bicarbonate, and an antidiarrheal medication. Which drug does the nurse expect the health care provider to prescribe? Psyllium Bisacodyl Loperamide Docusate sodium

hypotension

A client is admitted to the hospital for an adrenalectomy. The nurse is providing postoperative care before the client's replacement steroid therapy is regulated fully. The nurse should monitor the client for which complication? Hypotension Hypokalemia Hypernatremia Hyperglycemia

Replace excessive losses -Once treatment with insulin for diabetic ketoacidosis is begun, potassium ions reenter the cell, causing hypokalemia; therefore potassium, along with replacement fluids, is needed

A nurse adds 20 mEq of potassium chloride to the intravenous solution of a client with diabetic ketoacidosis. What is the primary purpose for administering this drug? Treat hyperpnea Prevent flaccid paralysis Replace excessive losses Treat cardiac dysrhythmias

Abdominal girth -An increased serum albumin level increases the osmotic effect and pulls fluid back into the intravascular compartment. This will increase renal flow and urine output, with a resulting decrease in abdominal girth.

A nurse is administering serum albumin intravenously to a client with ascites. In response to this therapy, what does the nurse expect to decrease? Confusion Urinary output Abdominal girth Serum ammonia level

Polyuria, Polydipsia, Resp rate of 24 -Glucose that is being filtered in the kidney acts as an osmotic diuretic; glycosuria promotes polyuria. Polydipsia (excessive thirst) and fluid intake are the responses to excess fluid loss related to osmotic diuresis. With hyperglycemia, there may be hyperventilation in an attempt to blow off carbon dioxide if ketones are produced; 24 breaths/min is characteristic of hyperventilation

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition. Which responses indicate that the client is experiencing hyperglycemia? Select all that apply. Polyuria Polydipsia Paralytic ileus Respiratory rate of 24 breaths/min Serum glucose of 105 mg/dL (5.8 mmol/L)

metabolic alkalosis Prolonged use of sodium bicarb may cause systemic alkalosis, as well as retention of sodium and water.

A nurse teaches a client about the dangers of using sodium bicarbonate regularly. What effect of sodium bicarbonate is the nurse trying to prevent? Gastric distention Metabolic alkalosis Chronic constipation Cardiac dysrhythmias

Triglycerides Therapeutic effects of simvastatin include: -decreased levels of serum triglycerides, LDL and cholesterol.

A nurse that the simvastatin being administered to a client is effective. A decrease in what clinical finding supports this conclusion? Heart rate Triglycerides Blood pressure International normalized ratio (INR)

Provide prophylaxis against postoperative thrombus formation

Enoxaparin 40 mg subcutaneously daily is prescribed for a client who had abdominal surgery. The nurse explains that the medication is given for what purpose?

Decrease in cardiac dysrhythmias -Amiodarone is a class III antidysrhythmic used for treating ventricular and supraventricular tachycardia and for conversion of atrial fibrillation

What client response must the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of amiodarone? Absence of ischemic chest pain Decrease in cardiac dysrhythmias Improvement in fasting lipid profile Maintenance of blood pressure control

Providing frequent oral hygeine and increasing oral fluids -Stomatitis and hyperuricemia are possible complications of therapy

What nursing care should be included for a client who is receiving doxorubicin for acute myelogenous leukemia? Serving hot liquids with each meal Providing frequent oral hygiene and increasing oral fluids Emphasizing that the disease will be cured with this treatment Administering medications intramuscularly and encouraging activity

Decreased intracranial pressure -mannitol is an osmotic diuretic which helps reduce cerebral edema.

What therapeutic effect does the nurse expect to identify when mannitol is administered parenterally to a client with cerebral edema? Improved renal blood flow Decreased intracranial pressure Maintenance of circulatory volume Prevention of the development of thrombi

hemolytic

While receiving a blood transfusion, a client develops flank pain, chills, and fever. What type of transfusion reaction does the nurse conclude that the client probably is experiencing? Allergic Pyrogenic Hemolytic Anaphylactic