HESI Sophomore 2
Which organization provides scope and practice guidelines on the roles and responsibilities for nursing and nursing specialties? Select all that apply - State Nursing Association - National League of Nursing - American Nurses Association - Academy of Medical Surgical Nurses - Quality and Safety Education for Nurses
- American Nurses Association Rationale : The American Nurses Association develops and publishes scope and standards of practice guidelines for nursing and nursing specialties.
Which medication would the nurse identify as a potential cause for the formation of abnormally small eyes in the newborn is used during pregnancy? A. Estrogens B. Nitrofurantoin C. Methotrexate D. Valproic acid
B. Nitrofurantoin Rationale : Nitrofurantoin, an antimicrobial medication, causes formation of abnormally small eyes in the newborn.
Which mechanism of action explains how glyburide decreases serum glucose levels?
Stimulates the pancreas to produce insulin
When teaching an adolescent with type 1 diabetes about dietary management, which instruction would the nurse include? meals should be eaten at home foods should be weighed on a gram scale a ready source of glucose should be available specific foods should be cooked for the adolescent
a ready source of glucose should be available, this is to readily counteract the effects of hypoglycemia
To keep the client with Alzheimers disease who has hyperorality safe, which parameter would the nurse have the staff monitor closely? for choking at meal times for the presence of mouth ulcers for injuries from touching hot foods for attempts at eating inedible objects
for attempts at eating inedible objects. Hyperorality is the compulsive need to taste, chew, and put everything in the mouth. Dysphagia is related to choking at meal times, stomatitis refers to mouth ulcers, and hypertemorphosis is the urge to touch everything
At which stage of Kohlberg's theory does and individual want to fulfill the expectations of one's immediate group? good boy-nice girl orientation society-maintaining orientation instrumental relativist orientation universal ethical principle orientation
good boy-nice girl orientation stage involves an individual who wants to win the approval and maintain the ecpectations of one's immediate group. During the society maintaining orientation stage, an individual expands focus from a relationship with others to societal concerns. The instrumental relativist orientation stage involves a child who wants to follow his or her parent's rules. The universal ethical principle orientation stage defines right but the decision of conscience according to self chose ethical principles
which antibody forms first after exposure to an antigen immunoglobin A immunoglobin E immunoglobin G immunoglobin M
immunoglobin M is the first antibody formed by a newly sensitized B-lymphocyte plasma cell
the nurse at a community healer care center focuses on providing primary preventative care. Which is the focus of primary preventative care? Rehabilitating the client treating early stages of disease preventing complications from illness promoting health in healthy individuals
promoting health in healthy individuals : primary prevention preceded disease or dysfunction and is applied to clients considered physically and emotionally healthy.
Which products would the nurse instruct intravenous drug users (IDUs) to use for cleaning of needles and syringes between uses? Bleach hot water ammonia rubbing alcohol
Bleach should be used to fill syringes and shake the syringe for 30-60 seconds.
Which sexually transmitted infection causes condylomata acuminate? chlamydia gonorrhea herpes simplex human papilloma virus (HPV)
condylomata acuminate is genital warts caused by HPV
Which medication would the nurse identify as being used for both cervical ripening during labor and as a stomach protectant? Raloxine Clomiphene Misoprostol Dinoprostone
Misoprostal : can be used for cervical ripening and as a stomach protectant. Raloxifene is used to prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis. Clomiphene is used for ovulation. Dinosprostone can be used for cervical ripening, but this medication does not act as a stomach protectant.
A 2 year old toddler has hearing loss caused by recurrent otitis media. Which treatment would the nurse anticipate that the practitioner will recommend? Ear drops Myringotomy Mastoidectomy Steroid Therapy
Myringotomy is a surgical opening into the eardrum to permit drainage of accumulated fluid associated with otitis media.
Which health care team member is the designated delegator? Unit secretary Nurse manager registered nurse licensed practical nurse
Nurse manager is the designated delegator
After numerous diagnostic tests, a client with jaundice receives the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Which rational explains the cause of the client's jaundice? A. Necrosis of the parenchyma caused by the neoplasm B. Excessive serum bilirubin caused by red blood cell destruction C. Obstruction of the common bile duct by the pancreatic neoplasm D. Impaired liver function, resulting in incomplete bilirubin metabolism
C. Obstruction of the common bile duct by the pancreatic neoplasm Rationale: The common bile duct passes through the head of the pancreas; the neoplasm often constricts or obstructs the duct, causing jaundice.
A client with a history of schizophrenia who responds poorly to medication is now being treated for acute depression. In light of the information elicited from the medication list and laboratory results, which information would the nurse provide? Labs: hemoglobin - 13.5g/dL hematocrit - 45% RBCs - 48*10^6/mL Platelet count - 150,000mm^3 WBCs - 3,500 mm^3 Neutrophils - 100mm^3 Medications: Clozapine Fluoxetine A. Come in for weekly blood tests to monitor for medication induced agranulocytosis B. Report incidents of unusual bleeding or easy bruising while taking Fluoxetine C. Expect to be prescribed only 1 week's supply of fluoxetine at a time D. Consume a high protein diet to offset the risk of anemia while taking clozapine
A. Come in for weekly blood tests to monitor for medication induced agranulocytosis The antipsychotic medication clozapine poses a risk for the development of agranulocytosis, especially when combines with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor such as fluoxetine. The clients neutrophil and WBC are borderline and therefor suggestive of the disorder. Weekly blood testing to monitor these blood values is required. The client's platelet count is in the low-normal range, but fluoxetine is not generally considered a factor in bleeding disorders. Clozapine, not fluoxetine, would likely be prescribed on a week by week basis to both help manage side effects and encourage weekly visits for lab work. Clozapine is not generally considered a factor in the development of anemia.
what is the causative organism for syphilis treponema pallidum campylodbacter jejuni trichomonas vaginalis chlamydia trachomatis
ANSWER treponema palladum : syphilis campylodbacter jejuni : proctitis trichomonas vaginalis : vulvovaginitis chlamydia trachomatis : salpingitis
Which component of delegation is retained while the delegator is delegating the client's care task to the nursing aide? Authority Supervision Responsibility Accountability
Accountability is retained by the delegator while delegating a client's care task to the nursing aide
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has a blood pH of 7.25 and a partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) of 60 mm Hg. Which complication would the nurse suspect the client is experiencing? A. Metabolic acidosis B. Metabolic Alkalosis C. Respiratory Acidosis D. respiratory alkalosis
C. Respiratory Acidosis Rationale : The pH indicates acidosis; the PCO2 level is the parameter for respiratory function. The expected PCO2 is 40 mm Hg. These results do not indicate a metabolic disorder or indicate respiratory alkalosis.
Which is the average blood pressure of an adolescent? 85/54 95/65 105/65 110/65
Answer : 110/65 The average optimal blood pressure os an infant is 85/54 In a toddler it is 96/65 The average optimal blood pressure in children between 6 and 13 years is 105/65
After a surgical thyroidectomy a client exhibits carpopedal spasm and tremors. The client reports tingling in the fingers and around the mouth. The nurse suspects a deficiency in which mineral. A. Potassium B. Calcium C. Magnesium D. Sodium
B. Calcium Rationale : The client is exhibiting signs and symptoms of hypocalcemia, which occurs with accidental removal of the parathyroid glands, calcium gluconate is administered to treat hypocalcemia.
which radiographic test is used to view the entire skeleton? Bone scan Gallium and thallium scan Computed tomography (CT) MRI
Bone scan is a radionuclide test in which radioactive material is injected so that the client's entire skeleton can be viewed.
Which health care team member is familiar with all the needs of any individual client? A. Orderly B. Nursing Aide C. Charge Nurse D. Patient Care Associate (PCA)
C. Charge Nurse Rationale: The charge nurse is involved in the coordination and assignment of care to individual clients. The charge nurse is the only person familiar with all the needs of any individual client under care.
When obtaining a health history from a client recently diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes, the nurse expects the client to report which clinical manifestation? Nervousness Polyuria Nocturia Diaphoresis
Excessive thirst (polydipsia), excessive hunger (polyphagia), and frequent urination (polyuria) are caused by the body's inability to metabolize glucose adequately.
Which type of crisis has occurred when a sudden terrorist act causes the deaths of thousands of adults and children and negatively affects their families, friends, communities, and the nation? A. Situation-muturational B. Situational C. Maturational D. Adventitious
D. Adventitious An adventitious crisis is a crisis or disaster that is unplanned and accidental; subcategories include natural disasters, national disasters, and crimes of violence.
Which complications would the nurse monitor in a client who sustained a transection of the spinal cord, but no other injuries? A. Hemorrhage B. Hypovolemic Shock C. Gastrointestinal Atony D. Autonomic Hyperreflexia
D. Autonomic Hyperreflexia An uninhibited and exaggerated response of the autonomic nervous system to stimulation, results in a blood pressure over 200mm Hg systolic, it is a medical emergency
How will the nurse researcher categorize research in which subjects are given chlorhexidine and povisdone-iodine as antiseptics? A. Evaluation research B. Descriptive research C. Correlational research D. Experimental research
D. Experimental research Rationale : The nurse will categorize this study as experimental research. In experimental research, the investigator gives variables randomly to the subjects.
which manifestation indicates tertiary syphilis? Chancre Alopecia Gummas Condylomata lata
Gummas are chronic, destructive lesions affecting the skin, bone, liver, and mucous membranes occur during tertiary syphilis. A chancre appears during primary syphilis. Alopecia and condylomata lata occur during secondary syphilis
Which hormone has both inhibiting and releasing action Prolactin Somatostatin Somatotropin Gonadotropin
Prolactin : secreted by the hypothalamus has both inhibiting and releasing action
A client with rheumatoid arthritis asks the nurse why it is necessary to inject hydrocortisone into the knee joint. Which reason would the nurse include in a response to this question? lubricates the joint reduces inflammation provides physiotherapy prevents analysis of the joint
Steroids have anti-inflammatory effects that can reduce arthritic panes formation.
which joint is an example of a condyloid joint? Wrist joint Elbow joint shoulder joint sacroiliac joint
The wrist joint is an example of a condyloid joint, it is a joint between the radial and carpals. The elbow is an example of a hinge joint. The shoulder is an example of a ball in socket joint. The sacroiliac joint is an example of a gliding joint.
which is true about the effect of grief and loss I toddlers? they show resilience after a loss they express a sense of change in sleeping they understand the concepts of permanence they get disrupted in developing an autonomous sense of self
they express a sense of change in sleeping, bc they cannot understand loss or death but often express the sense of absence they feel with changes in eating or sleeping patterns or fussiness
To which part of the respiratory system would the client's radiology report refer when identifying the angle of Louis? Hilum carina alveoli epiglottis
located at the level of the manubriosternal junction, the carina is also referred to as the angle of Louis
