HG&D - Module 3

The average age of the onset of puberty in girls is ____, while the average age of onset of puberty in boys is ____.

11 years, 13 years

Traditionally, giftedness was defined by having an IQ score of ____ or higher.

130

Adolescents are more likely to achieve an identity when parents encourage discussion and recognize the adolescent's growing ____.

Autonomy

The ____ child in a classroom is liked by some classmates, and disliked by other classmates, but in neither case is there a high level of intensity to those feelings.

Average

There was this family—maybe you've heard of them. There was a father who had three sons, and he married a woman with three daughters. They were a really fun "bunch." This group is an example of a(n) ____ family.

Blended

____ is a disease in which people binge eat and then purge by vomiting or using laxatives.

Bulimia nervosa

The most effective sex education programs are those that are _____.

Comprehensive and emphasize responsibility

The third stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which typically occurs between ages 7 and 11 years, is the ____ period.

Concrete operational

The ability to draw a conclusion from a set of facts reflects ____ reasoning.

Deductive

Which disorder is associated with a pervasive feeling of sadness, irritability, low self-esteem, poor sleep, and difficulty concentrating?

Depression

According to a theory proposed by ____, identity is a primary force in an adolescent's choice of career.

Donald Super

Making threats of physical or other harm is considered to be a form of _____ violence.

Emotional

Regulating the way one feels, recognizing how others feel, and correctly interpreting the facial expressions of others are all elements of ____ intelligence.

Emotional

According to ____, adolescents face a crisis between identity and role confusion. They must balance the desire to try out different selves with the need to select a single self.

Erik Erikson

Preconventional moral reasoning is based on ____ forces.

External

When parents set rules with little justification and enforce them without explanation, adolescents are more likely to remain in the identity ____ status because they are prevented from experimenting with different selves, and simply do what they are told to do.

Foreclosure

A ____ is a voluntary relationship between two people involving mutual liking.

Friendship

What type of reasoning skills, usually developed during the formal-operational stage of Piaget's theory, are needed for an adolescent to experiment with different selves to learn more about possible identities?

Hypothetical reasoning skills

____ aggression occurs when a child uses aggressive actions to achieve an explicit goal.

Instrumental

Which statement concerning part-time work and teenagers is true?

Jobs that require the use of some skill tend to enhance self-esteem.

Which of the following is the correct formula for determining one's intelligence quotient (IQ), a measure that was first employed in intelligence testing by Lewis Terman in 1916?

MA/CA X 100

With regard to the level of behavioral control parents assert over children, research finds that a(n) ____ amount of control is best for children.

Moderate

One form of child maltreatment is called ____, and involves depriving a child of adequate food, clothing, and/or medical care.

Neglect

The textbook identifies three ways in which the environment can contribute to differences in test scores. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

Peer pressure

____ is often regarded as an irresistible harmful force, but research has found that it can have positive consequences as well.

Peer pressure

____ refers to a collection of physical changes that marks the onset of adolescence, including changes height, weight and body composition, and transitions in sexual maturation.

Puberty

According to novelists and filmmakers, the search for identity is described as a struggle, a time of ____ for adolescents.

Storm and stress

Patrick wakes up one morning to find that he has developed an enormous pimple right on the end of his nose. All throughout the school day he is absolutely sure that everyone is staring at the blemish, when in reality almost nobody cares enough about it to even look. Patrick's certainty that he is the focus of others' attention demonstrates ____.

The imaginary audience

For children and adolescents, the technical definition of overweight is based on ____.

The percentile of their body mass index.

Which of the following BEST encapsulates the majority of relationships between adolescents and their parents?

The relationships are warm, loving, and satisfying.

Which of the following is the single best predictor of adolescent sexual behavior?

There is no single factor that best predicts adolescent sexual behavior

Which of the following discipline techniques combines the best features of punishment while also avoiding its drawbacks?

Time-out

Which of the following are the two dimensions that differentiate various parenting styles?

Warmth and responsiveness & parental control

Individuals with anorexia nervosa have a grossly distorted ____.

body image

On modern tests of intelligence, IQ scores are determined

by comparing a child's score with the average score of same-age children.

A style of controlling a child's behavior where the parent tells them what to do, when to do it, and why it should be done is called

direct instruction.

Teenagers are more likely to engage in sexual activity when parents

fail to monitor their activities.

A primary cause of death that is common to both adolescent girls and boys is

motor vehicle accidents.

The main assumption of Holland's theory is that people

will be happiest in work environments that match their personalities.