HI 207 NCSU Test 1 terms

Akhenaton

Egyptian pharaoh of the New Kingdom; attempted to establish a one-god religion, replacing the traditional Egyptian pantheon of gods. 1351-1334 BCE

Enkidu

In the epic of Gilgamesh, the wild man created by the gods to distract Gilgamesh from his antisocial activities.

Sea Peoples

Indo-European invaders (ca. 1200 BCE) who conquered the Hittites, ended the Egyptian dominance of Palestine, and ended the bronze age

Sargon

Ruler of Akkadian empire, 721-705 BCE

Hyksos

Semitic people who invaded Egypt in 1730 BCE, beginning the second Intermediate period during which the Hyksos (meaning "foreigner) ruled as pharaohs in Lower Egypt and exacted tribute from the royal families in Thebes.

Tell el-Amarna

Site of ruins/tombs of Akhetaton. Upper Egypt

Ziggurat

Step pyramid used as temple during Bronze Age mesopotamia

Ebla

Syrian city that established a civilization with a trading economy around 2500 B.C.E.

Solomon

The Hebrew king who built Jerusalem's first Hebrew temple; son of King David. 970-930 BCE

Enheduanna

The earliest known poet whose name has been recorded & Daughter of Sargon of Akkad. Lived in Ur, 2285-2250 BCE

Uruk Vase

Vase found in temple of Sumerian goddess Inanna

Israelites

What Hebrews were called after Moses received the ten commandments

Kassites

into European people who invaded Mesopotamia in 1500 BCE

Natufians

hunter-gatherer peoples of Syria and Palestine, 10500-8000 BCE

Nebuchadnezzar

A Babylonian king who conquered Jerusalem and built the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. 1125-1104 BCE

Nubia

A civilization to the south of Egypt in the Nile Valley, noted for development of an alphabetic writing system and a major iron working industry by 500 BCE

Amorites

A group of semitic people who overwhelmed the Mesopotamians and founded the Babylonian Empire, 2000 BCE

Thutmose III

A pharaoh during the Middle Kingdom that was one of the greatest conquerers and many new lands were brought under control under his reign. 1479-1425 BCE

Philistines

A powerful nation that invaded Canaan from the sea and became the most hated enemies of Israel. Descended from Pelset ppl in Palestine

Hittites

An ancient Anatolian group whose empire at largest extent consisted of most of the Middle East. Some of the first two-wheeled chariots and iron. Settles Anatolia 2000 BCE

Narmer palette

An artifact discovered at the site of Hierakonpolis; its two sides show the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under King Narmer

Nineveh

Capital of the assyrian empire, time of Sennacherib

Uruk

City representing Mesopotamian culture- existed from 4000 to 2900 BCE

Eridu

Considered the oldest known city in the world. located in southern Mesopotamia, was inhabited by sumerians

Weni

Court official of 6th dynasty ancient Egypt. In tomb, Autobiography of Weni was discovered.

Wen-Amon

Egyptian text dating back to 1000 BCE about a man set on a journey to procure wood for god Amun

Utnapishtim

Epic of Gilgamesh- Survivor of a flood sent by the gods to destroy humanity; the gods granted him eternal life.

Cyrus

Founder of the Achaemenid Persian Empire. Between 550 and 530 B.C.E. he conquered Media, Lydia, and Babylon. Revered in the traditions of both Iran and the subject peoples. King of Persia.

Thera

Island in Aegean Sea, site of Minoan colony

Sennacherib

Kind of Assyria 704-681 BCE

Phoenicians

Located on eastern Mediterranean coast; invented the alphabet which used sounds rather than symbols like cuneiform

Cuneiform

Method of writing using characters scratched onto clay tablets

Linear B

Mycenaean written script, adapted from the Minoan Linear A.

Jericho

Palestinian city dating back 9000 BCE, destroyed by Israelites in bible

Djoser

Pharaoh who had the first pyramid built for him. 2668-2649 BCE

King Scorpion

Predynastic Egyptian ruler

Ur

an early Sumerian city in ancient Mesopotamia

Troy

city in northwest Anatonia, destroyed by mycenaeans

Catal Huyuk

One of first true cities in history, created in the Neolithic Era in 7400 to 6000 BC, from which were created agriculture, trading, temples, housing, and religions

Abydos

One of the most ancient cities of Upper Egypt. According to Egyptian Mythology-the holy city where Osiris was buried, in addition to many other pharaohs