HIST. 1301: U.S. History Unit 1 Questions
What was the Covenant Chain?
An alliance made by the governor of New York and the Iroquois Confederacy
What led to slavery decreasing in Philadelphia after 1750?
Artisans and merchants turned more to wage laborers.
Why did Massachusetts have its charter revoked by Charles II?
Charles did not approve of Massachusetts's violations of Navigation laws.
A significant difference between the Vikings and Columbus was that:
Columbus received much more publicity for his voyages.
When comparing English colonies to Spanish ones:
England sent more people to the Americas in the seventeenth century.
"Christian liberty" was the basis for religious toleration.
False
African society did not practice slavery before Europeans came.
False
Anglicization meant that the colonial elites rejected all things British.
False
Columbus established the first permanent settlement on Hispaniola in 1502.
False
In New Netherland, the Dutch were intolerant of diverse religious practices and issued an edict that all had to convert to the Dutch Reformed Church.
False
Puritans believed that the Church of England was not in need of reform.
False
Slavery flourished in Brazil and the West Indies in the seventeenth century because of tobacco.
False
The French established the first permanent European settlement in what would become New York City.
False
The Glorious Revolution in England was bloody and violent.
False
The Spanish aim was to exterminate or remove the Indians from the New World.
False
The mound builders were a sophisticated ancient peoples living in the American Southwest.
False
Under English law, women held many legal rights and privileges.
False
Zheng He's voyages sparked Chinese interest in directly trading with Europe.
False
English and Dutch merchants created a well-organized system for "redemptioners." What was this system for?
For carrying indentured German families to America, where they would work off their transportation debt.
People from ________ were most likely to go to other European countries or rival colonies before settling in one of their own ________ colonies.
France; French
What was the most significant result of Ferdinand Magellan's explorations?
His voyages showed that the circumference of the earth was longer than what Columbus had estimated
What was one of Pennsylvania's only restrictions on religious liberty?
Holding office required an oath affirming a belief in Jesus Christ, which eliminated Jews from serving.
As early as 1615, the ________ people of present-day southern Ontario and upper New York State forged a trading alliance with the French, and many of them converted to Catholicism.
Huron
In "Voices of Freedom," the writer of "Memorial against Non-English Immigration" might find some common ground with the Swiss-German who wrote a letter home to his family in 1769. What could they have in common?
If the Swiss-German was Protestant, he might share a fear of Catholicism with the other writer.
What was the impact of King Philip's War (1675-1676)?
In the long run, the war produced a broadening of freedom for whites in New England
In 1776, Adam Smith observed what fact about the Western Hemisphere?
Indians had suffered great misfortunes.
Which indigenous group formed the Great League of Peace?
Iroquois
In what ways did England reduce colonial autonomy during the 1680s?
It created the Dominion of New England, run by a royal appointee without benefit of an elected assembly.
How did the Virginia Company reshape the colony's development?
It instituted the headright system, giving fifty acres of land to each colonist who paid for his own or another's passage.
What was the significance of Puerto Rico?
It was a rare colony that had gold.
What happened to Jamestown during Bacon's Rebellion?
It was burned to the ground.
Which of the following was true of poverty in the colonial period?
Limited supplies of land, especially for inheritance, contributed to poverty.
Which colony adopted the Act concerning Religion in 1649, which institutionalized the principle of religious toleration?
Maryland
A substantial difference between the Spanish colonies in Mexico and Santa Fe was that:
Mexico had more Spanish settlers because of gold
Acoma was an Indian city in present-day ________ that the Spanish destroyed.
New Mexico
After conquests ended and settlements were built, who stood atop the social hierarchy in Spanish America?
Peninsulares
Pennsylvania's treatment of Native Americans was unique in what way?
Pennsylvania purchased Indian land that was then resold to colonists and offered refuge to tribes driven out of other colonies.
What historical evidence demonstrates that blacks were being held as slaves for life by the 1640s?
Property registers list white servants with the number of years they were to work, but blacks (with higher valuations) had no terms of service associated with their names.
In 1608, Samuel de Champlain founded:
Quebec
Which English group did the most to reshape Native American society and culture in the seventeenth century?
Settlers farming the land
What was key to making the enslavement of Africans an enduring economic and social institution in colonial America?
Slavery became perpetual, as the children of slaves were slaves too
Which of the following is true of slave resistance in the colonial period?
Some slaves were the offspring of white traders and therefore knew enough English to turn to the legal system, at least until Virginia lawmakers prevented them from doing so.
Where was the Spanish settlement Santa Elena located?
South Carolina
Of colonists in British North America, which group was the wealthiest?
South Carolina rice planters
The Black Legend described:
Spain as a uniquely brutal colonizer.
How did French involvement in the fur trade change life for Native Americans?
The French were willing to accept Native Americans into colonial society.
Who finally ended the Salem witch trials?
The Massachusetts governor.
What was the biggest factor in leading to Spain having problems controlling New Mexico and Texas?
The Pueblos had created a large army.
Which of the following was true of the colonial elite?
They controlled colonial government.
To solidify Spain's unification, what did King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella do?
They joined with the Moor leadership to bring about harmony.
How did the Dutch manifest their devotion to liberty?
They supported tolerance in religious matters in their colony.
What was Virginia's "gold," which ensured its survival and prosperity?
Tobacco
A consequence of Bacon's Rebellion was a consolidation of power among Virginia's elite.
True
By 1550, the Spanish empire in the New World exceeded the ancient Roman Empire in size.
True
Early settlers of Jamestown preferred gold to farming.
True
Following the Glorious Revolution, the Massachusetts colony had to abide by the Toleration Act.
True
For Indians, generosity was among the most valued social qualities.
True
Inspired by tales of golden cities, the Spanish mounted explorations of the present-day Southwest in the United States.
True
Most colonists did not complain about the British regulating trade through the Navigation Acts.
True
Most, although not all, Indian societies were matrilineal.
True
Oliver Cromwell's Parliament passed the first Navigation Act, aimed to wrest control of world trade from the Dutch.
True
Race and racism are modern concepts and had not been fully developed by the seventeenth century.
True
The "middle ground" was an area shared by Indians and European traders.
True
The English increasingly viewed America as a land where a man could control his own labor and thus gain independence.
True
Three distinct types of slavery developed in the thirteen colonies.
True
Tobacco production in Virginia:
enriched an emerging class of planters and certain members of the colonial government.
The minister Thomas Hooker:
expanded the amount of men who could vote in Connecticut.
The colonists that proved most harmful to Native Americans were:
farmers
According to laws in the seventeenth-century Chesapeake:
free blacks had the right to sue and testify in court.
The Magna Carta:
granted many liberties, but mainly to lords and barons
Slave labor in the Chesapeake region increasingly supplanted indentured servitude during the last two decades of the seventeenth century, in part because:
improving conditions in England reduced the number of transatlantic migrants
In 1492, the Native American population:
lived mostly in Central and South America.
Property qualifications for holding office:
meant that the landed gentry wielded considerable power in colonial legislatures.
During the English political upheaval between 1640 and 1660:
new religious sects began demanding the end of public financing and special privileges for the Anglican Church
In the fifteenth century, a big impetus for European exploration was:
obtaining the compass from Asia
If Massachusetts Bay's Jonathan Winthrop had been present at the start of the Pennsylvania colony, he would have:
praised the idea of religion serving as a model for the colony
In the battles between Parliament and the Stuart kings, English freedom:
remained an important and much-debated concept even after Charles I was beheaded
Both King Philip's War and Bacon's Rebellion were conflicts that:
started with disputes over Native American territory
The Scottish and Scotch-Irish immigrants to the colonies:
were not only poor farmers but also physicians, merchants, and teachers.
The actions of Bartolomé de las Casas can best be described in modern-day terminology as that of a(n):
whistleblower
The first French explorations of the New World:
were intended to locate the Northwest Passage
In the 1640s, leaders of the House of Commons:
accused the king of imposing taxes without parliamentary consent.
The English Toleration Act of 1690:
actually allowed no toleration of religion in the colonies.
Nathaniel Bacon:
actually was socially closer to the elite than to the indentured servants who supported him.
The letter from the Swiss-German immigrant would have
attracted immigrants facing starvation
As the sixteenth century progressed in New England, the growing commerce:
brought religious and economic values into conflict.
Roger Williams argued that:
church and state must be totally separated
In their relations with Native Americans, the Dutch:
concentrated more on economics than religious conversion.
It can be argued that conflict between the English settlers and local Indians in Virginia became inevitable when:
the Native Americans realized that England wanted to establish a permanent and constantly expanding colony, not just a trading post.
William Penn obtained the land for his Pennsylvania colony because:
the king wanted to cancel his debt to the Penn family and bolster the English presence in North America
Portuguese trading posts along the western coast of Africa were called factories because:
the merchants were known as factors.
The Columbian Exchange was:
the transatlantic flow of plants, animals, and germs that began after Christopher Columbus reached the New World.
When Europeans arrived, many Native Americans:
tried to use them to enhance their standing with other Native Americans
The Pueblo Indians encountered by the Spanish in the sixteenth century:
used irrigation systems to aid their agricultural production
By the eighteenth century, colonial farm families:
viewed land ownership almost as a right, a precondition of freedom
Captain Jacob Leisler, the head of the rebel militia that took control of New York in 1689:
was overthrown and killed in so grisly a manner that the rivalry between his friends and foes polarized New York politics for years.
The German migration to the English colonies:
was to frontier areas as farmers
The 104 settlers who remained in Virginia after the ships that brought them from England returned home:
were all men, reflecting the Virginia Company's interest in searching for gold as opposed to building a functioning society.
"Enumerated" goods:
were colonial products, such as tobacco and sugar, that first had to be imported to England.
In regard to geography, English colonies:
were in colder climates than Spanish colonies
