HIST 1302 TEST 6

Regarding public education, in 1922, Oregon became the first state to:

ban private schools.

The Nineteenth Amendment :

barred states from using sex as a qualification for voting.

The anti - German crusade included all of the following measures EXCEPT

barring German-Americans from serving in the military

Supporters of the Anti-Imperialist League:

believed that American energies should be directed at home, not abroad.

As president, Woodrow Wilson:

believed that the export of U.S. manufactured goods went hand in hand with the spread of democracy

President Theodore Roosevelt:

believed the president should be an honest broker in labor disputes

"The Great Migration" refers to:

blacks moving from the South to the North.

The Triangle Shirtwaist fire

brought in its wake much-needed safety legislation

The Spanish-American War

brought the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico under U.S. control

Besides work and school, the most active agents of Americanization during the 1920s were:

dance halls, department stores, and movie theaters.

A main cause of the Great Depression was

declining American purchasing power

Founder of the Society of American Indians, Carlos Montezuma:

demanded that American Indians be left alone in order to be independent.

From 1914 to 1916, U.S. intervention in Mexico:

demonstrated the weaknesses of Wilson's foreign policy

Cultural pluralism:

described a society that gloried in ethnic diversity

The term"Fordism"

describes an economic system based on mass production and mass consumption

Jeannette Rankin, the first woman elected to Congress:

did not support U.S. entry into World War

During his presidency, Woodrow Wilson:

dismissed numerous black federal employees.

In 1899, President William McKinley explained in an interview with Methodist Church leaders that his decision to annex the Philippines:

was in part based on his desire to educate and uplift the Filipinos.

The battle for free speech among workers in the early twentieth century

was led by the Industrial Workers of the World.

The Treaty of Versailles:

was never ratified by the United States Senate.

U.S. control of the Panama Canal Zone:

was part of Theodore Roosevelt's policy of intervention in Central America.

The National Women's Party

was part of a new, more militant generation of college-educated activists

After the 1890s, American expansionism:

was partly fueled by the need to stimulate American exports.

World War I

was rooted in European contests over colonial possessions.

Maternalist reform:

was supported by both feminists and more traditional women

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882

was the first time race was used to exclude an entire group of people from entering the United States.

Dollar Diplomacy:

was used by William Howard Taft instead of military intervention

During World War I, federal powers:

were ambivalent.

As war broke out in Europe, Americans:

were deeply divided.

By the end of the nineteenth century, African-American men in the South:

were forced out of politics and passed leadership to female African-American activists

During the 1920s, consumer goods:

were frequently purchased on credit.

Nickelodeons:

were motion-picture theaters with a five-cent admission charge

The Espionage Act (1917) and the Sedition Act (1918)

were the first federal restrictions on free speech since 1798

Slumming meant

whites going to Harlem's dance halls, jazz clubs, and speakeasies.

Americans have referred to the 1890s as the women's era because:

women's economic opportunities and roles in public life expanded.

In 1928, Herbert Hoover:

won the presidency because of his reputation and the nation's prosperity

The American Protective League:

worked with the Justice Department to identify radicals.

Journalists who worked for newspapers like William Randolph Hearst's New York Journal, which sensationalized events to sell papers, were called

yellow journalists.

Which company fired its employees if they failed to comply with the standards set by the Sociological Department for Americanization?

Ford Motor Company

All of the statements about Henry Ford's "Fordlandia" are true EXCEPT

Fordlandia was a success.

Why did General Motors surpass Ford in sales of automobiles in the 1920s?

GM successfully marketed different styles and designs.

Which city was considered the "capital" of black America?

Harlem.

Which was NOT part of the Populist platform?

Higher tariffs.

Which phrase accurately describes the scene in Paris upon Woodrow Wilson's arrival?

Huge, enthusiastic crowds.

Which of the following stated that the Constitution did not fully apply to the territories recently acquired by the United States?

Insular Cases.

Which statement about the People's Party is FALSE?

It emerged as an urban, middle-class vehicle for social, economic, and political reform.

What explains the appeal of the Lost Cause mythology for Southern whites in the late nineteenth century?

It helped southern whites cope with defeat but preserve white supremacy

Which statement about the Red Scare is FALSE?

It resulted in a wave of sympathy for persecuted workers.

In his piece in The Crisis, W. E. B. Du Bois states that the United States is a shameful land for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

It under employs its workers.

In the early twentieth century, Angel Island in San Francisco Bay became known as the "Ellis Island of the West" and served as the main entry point for immigrants from:

Japan.

What were the National Catholic Welfare Council and the Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith lobbying for in the 1920s?

Laws prohibiting discrimination against immigrants by employers, colleges, and government agencies

which person was a Supreme Court justice and a Progressive reformer who advocated for the labor movement?

Louis Brandeis

Why did World War I threaten to tear the women's suffrage movement apart?

Many suffragists had been associated with opposition to American involvement in the war

Who led a black separatist movement?

Marcus Garvey

What did freedom mean to Garveyites?

National self-determination.

Which group gained American citizenship in 1924

Native Americans.

A frank acceptance of the benefits of bigness, coupled with the intervention of government to counteract its abuses, best describes the philosophy behind

New Nationalism.

Who was sentenced to death in a controversial criminal trial?

Nicola Sacco.

All of the following statements about African-American participation during World War I are true EXCEPT

President Wilson allowed African-American soldiers to march in a Paris victory parade

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Progressive reformers?

Progressives pursued radical alternatives to capitalism

Which institution was hardest hit by the Redeemers once they assumed power in the South?

Public schools.

All of the statements about Prohibition during the1920s are true EXCEPT

Religious fundamentalists opposed Prohibition on the grounds that it violated freedom.

All of the following people were "muckrakers" EXCEPT:

Samuel Gompers.

All of the following statements about Jane Addams and Hull House are true EXCEPT

She believed that immigrant women primarily needed union protection.

Why did workers experience the introduction of scientific management as a loss of freedom?

Skilled workers under scientific management had to obey very detailed instructions.

When Eugene Debs was sentenced under the Espionage Act, what did he tell the jury

That Americans in the past who spoke out against colonialism, slavery, or the Mexican War were not indicted or charged with treason.

which staternent about the American Federation of Labor in the early twentieth century is FALSE ?

The AFL , proposed an overthrow of the capitalist system .

Which act restricted the freedom of speech by authorizing the arrest of anyone who made "false statements that might impede military success?

The Espionage Act.

Which statement about the disenfranchisement of blacks in the South is FALSE?

The Supreme Court upheld the grandfather clause

What brought about a new wave of sympathy for the plight of women in the garment industry in Lawrence, Massachusetts?

The appearance of malnourished children evacuated from Lawrence shocked the public.

Which issue became the focus of the 1928 presidential race?

The fact that Alfred Smith was Catholic

Which statement about the textile strike in Lawrence, Massachusetts, in 1912 is FALSE?

The strikers asked the American Federation of Labor for assistance .

Which statement about the Spanish-American War is true?

The war lasted only four months and resulted in less than 400 U.S. battle casualties

Who used the Sherman Antitrust Act to dissolve J. P. Morgan's Northern Securities Company?

Theodore Roosevelt

Which statement about race and the presidents is FALSE?

Theodore Roosevelt believed that blacks were fit for soldiering and suffrage .

The Progressive presidents were:

Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and Woodrow Wilson.

Why did Americanization programs often target women?

They understood women as the bearers and transmitters of culture.

How were federal troops used in the Pullman Strike of 1894?

To help suppress the strikers on behalf of the owners.

Which of the following social groups was NOT heavily involved in the Progressive movement?

Unskilled immigrant workers

The writer whose work encouraged the passage of the Meat Inspection Act was:

Upton Sinclair

The administration of which president was plagued with scandals?

Warren Harding.

How did World War I and the rhetoric of freedom shape the labor movement and workers' expectations?

Wartime rhetoric inspired hopes for social and economic justice

Which statement about the South after 1890 is FALSE?

Whites feared that northerners and the federal government would abolish the Jim Crow laws

Which statement about the 1896 election is FALSE?

William Jennings Bryan lost because he supported the gold standard.

During the Scopes trial, Clarence Darrow, the defense lawyer, questioned whom as a supposedly expert witness about the Bible?

William Jennings Bryan.

Who was NOT a candidate in the 1912 presidential election?

William Jennings Bryan.

All of the following statements about Woodrow Wilson's political ideology and policies are true EXCEPT

Wilson believed that people under colonial rule deserved immediate independence.

Which statement about politics in the 1920s is FALSE?

Women took an active role in national politics, mostly with the Republican Party

Eugene V. Debs was:

a Socialist candidate for president.

"Banned in Boston" referred to:

a book ban in the city, including books by Ernest Hemingway

President Harding's call for a return to normalcy meant:

a call for the regular order of things, without Progressive reform

Hoover's response to the Depression included all of the following measures EXCEPT

a reduction in the size of the army

According to Andre Siegfried, what did Americans consider to be a "sacred acquisition"?

A standard of living.

Which would NOT be considered a characteristic of a flapper?

Advocated temperance.

All of the following statements about Emilio Aguinaldo are true EXCEPT

Aguinaldo believed that Filipinos could only govern themselves with U.S. assistance.

The Cable Act of 1922 stated that

American women who married Asian men forfeited their nationality

Which was the Ellis Island of the West?

Angel Island.

How did the Civil War come to be remembered by the 1890s as the white North and South moved toward reconciliation?

As a tragic family quarrel among white Americans, in which blacks played no significant part.

What Progressive-era issue became crossroads where the paths of labor radicals, cultural modernists, and feminists intersected?

Birth control.

Margaret Sanger was a:

Birth-control advocate

Who migrated to Kansas during the Kansas Exodus?

Blacks.

What did Calvin Coolidge believe the chief business of the American people?

Business.

All of the following groups supported Prohibition EXCEPT:

Catholic priests who wished to curb the abuse of alcohol by parishioners

Which of the following regions did people NOT migrate to in large numbers between 1840 and 1914?

China.

Which institution became a pillar of stability for the immigrants as they settled into the communities in

Church

The Ludlow Massacre was a tragic confrontation between:

Colorado mine workers and militia.

All of the following statements about immigration policy during World War I are true EXCEPT

Congress required that all immigrants pass IQ tests (intelligence tests).

Many forces predisposed Ku Klux Klan members to accept the group's exclusionary message without much analysis. These forces included all of the following EXCEPT

Coolidge's economic policies.

Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis:

crafted an intellectual defense of civil liberties during the 1920s.

During the Progressive era :

growing numbers of native-born white women worked in offices

During the "Age of Empire," American racial attitudes:

had a global impact.

By1912 , the Socialist Party :

had clected scores of local officials

In the Insular Cases, the Supreme Court:

held that the Constitution did not fully apply to the territories acquired by the United States during the Spanish-American War

In the 1920s, movies, radios, and phonographs:

helped create and spread a new celebrity culture.

Theodore Roosevelt 's taking of the Panama Canal Zone is an example of :

his belief that civilized nations had an obligation to establish order in an unruly world.

Birds of passage were:

immigrants who planned on returning to their homeland.

In the South, the Redeemers:

imposed a new racial order

Between 1901 and 1920, the United States intervened militarily numerous times in Caribbean countries:

in order to protect the economic interests of American banks and investors.

After 1900, the campaign for women's suffrage:

included both middle- and working-class women.

The Harlem Renaissance:

included writers and poets such as Langston Hughes and Claude McKay

During World War I, the federal government:

increased corporate and individual income taxes.

The Great Depression was caused by all of the following factors EXCEPT:

increased government regulation of banking and the stock market.

The election of 1896:

is sometimes called the first modern presidential campaign.

All of the following statements about the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) are true EXCEPT

it opposed higher education for African-Americans.

The severe depression of 1893

led to increased conflict between capitol and labor

All of the following measures expanded democracy during the Progressive era EXCEPT

literacy tests and residency requirements

Most new immigrants who arrived during the early years of the twentieth century

lived in close-knit communities

The Reconstruction Finance Corporation

made loans to failing businesses.

The Progressive movement drew its strength from

middle-class reformers.

The Scopes trial illustrated a divide between:

modernism and fundamentalism.

Woodrow Wilson's moral imperialism in Latin America produced

more military interventions than any other president before or since.

The Women 's Christian Temperance Union ( WCTU ) :

moved from demanding prohibition to pushing for women's suffrage.

Newspaper and magazine writers who exposed the ills of industrial and urban life, fueling the Progressive movement, were known as:

muckrakers

In the early twentieth century, the Socialist Party advocated for all of the following EXCEPT

national health insurance.

During the Progressive era :

new immigration from southern and castern Europe reached its peak

The Industrial Workers of the World and most of the Socialist Party:

opposed the war

All of the following were used by southern whites to maintain domination over blacks EXCEPT

outlawing the use of black female domestic workers in white homes

The Zimmermann Telegram :

outlined the German plan for an attack on the United States by Mexico.

Meyer v. Nebraska

overturned a law that stated public schools would instruct classes in English.

The Scopes trial of 1925

pitted creationists against evolutionists.

Birth of a Nation was a film that:

portrayed the Civil War and Reconstruction, exalting the Ku Klux Klan.

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882:

prohibited any Chinese from entering the United States.

The Hays Code:

prohibited movies from depicting nudity, long kisses, and adultery

The Eighteenth Amendment:

prohibited the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages.

The New South as promoted by Henry Grady:

promised prosperity based on industrial expansion.

Progressive governor of Wisconsin, Robert La Follette, instituted all of the following reforms EXCEPT

promising lower taxes and less government interference

The McNary-Haugen Bill

proposed the government purchase farm products to raise prices

The Equal Rights Amendment:

proposed to eliminate all legal distinctions based on sex.

The Fourteen Points attempted to:

provide a peace agenda to create a new world order

Woodrow Wilson's political ideology included all of the following ideals EXCEPT:

public ownership of all property

In response to the Russian Revolution that led to the creation of the communist Soviet Union, the Uniteod States:

pursued a policy of anticommunism that would remain throughout the twentieth century

Between 1890 and 1906, southern state governments and white Southerners eliminated black voting using all of the following EXCEPT

racial tests.

The Smoot-Hawley Tariff

raised taxes on imported goods.

William Jennings Bryan

ran for president in 1896 on the free silver platform.

President Hoover responded to the onset of the Depression by:

reassuring Americans that "the tide had turned."

The silver issue:

refers to the fight to increase the money supply by minting silver money

"Americanization"

refers to the process of assimilation.

American foreign policy during the 1920s:

reflected the close relationship between government and business.

The New Nationalism and New Freedom differed on the issue of

regulating versus trust-busting

All of the following are examples of economic foreign policy designed to improve American business EXCEPT

rejecting the League of Nations.

The Populists:

relied on women orators such as Mary Elizabeth Lease.

To create national parks like Yellowstone Yosemite , and Glacier , the federal government :

removed Indians who hunted and fished on these lands.

The Treaty of Versailles:

required Germany to pay over $33 billion in reparations

The Gentlemen's Agreement:

restricted Japanese immigration.

Founded in 1886 the American Federation of Labor .

restricted membership to only skilled workers

In Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), the Supreme Court:

ruled that "separate but equal" accommodations were constitutional.

In Schenck v. United States, the Supreme Court:

ruled that bans on dangerous speech were constitutional.

Plessy v. Ferguson:

sanctioned racial segregation.

A worker who crossed a picket line during a strike was called a:

scab

The program that sought to streamline production and boost profits by systematically controlling costs and work practices was called:

scientific management

As a Progressive president, Woodrow Wilson:

signed into law the Keating-Owen Act

Feminism:

sought to attack the traditional roles of sexual behavior for women.

The Fourteen Points:

sought to establish the right of national self-determination.

The Farmers' Alliance

sought to improve conditions through cooperatives.

All of the following statements about mass consumption in the early twentieth century are true EXCEPT

southerners fully participated in the mass-consumption society

Twenty years after the end of Reconstruction, African-Americans in the South:

suffered the most from the region's poor conditions.

During World War I, most Progressives:

supported U.S. entry into the war

As a Progressive president, Theodore Roosevelt:

supported the conservation movement

America's empire in the early twentieth century was all of the following EXCEPT

territorial.

The policy of U.S. neutrality was :

tested by both the British and Germans.

All of the following statements about the 1924 Immigration Act are true EXCEPT

the 1924 Immigration Act sought to ensure that more immigrants came from southen Europe than from northern Europe

The Great Depression shaped the lives of Americans in all of the following ways EXCEPT

the American suicide rate declined

The Supreme Court decision United States v. Wong Kim Ark ruled that:

the Fourteenth Amendment gave Asians born in the United States citizenship.

All of the following statements about the Palmer Raids are true EXCEPT

the Palmer Raids permanently compromised civil liberties.

The trial and execution of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti demonstrated that

the Red Scare extended into the 1920s.

Wartime repression of dissent and free speech culminated in:

the Red Scare.

President William McKinley justified U.S. annexation of the Philippines on all of the following grounds EXCEPT

the United States needed to ensure that the Philippines became an independent democracy

The Teller Amendment stated that :

the United States would not annex Cuba.

Progressive-era immigration was part of a larger process of worldwide migration set in motion by all of the following forces EXCEPT

the annexation of the Philippines.

During World War I, Americans reacted to German-Americans and Germans in all of the following ways EXCEPT

the federal government barred German immigration to the United States.

Farmers believed that their plight derived from all of the following EXCEPT

the free and unlimited coinage of silver

In 1900, most of the nearly 5 million women who worked for wages worked in:

the garment industry and as domestic laborers .

African-Americans migrated north during the Great Migration for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

the prospect of owning their own homes.

For the feminist woman in the 1920s, freedom meant:

the right to choose her lifestyle.

The Teapot Dome scandal involved :

the secretary of the interior, who received money in exchange for leasing government oil reserves to private companies.

All of the following statements about the Great Steel Strike of 1919 are true EXCEPT

the strike involved mostly nonimmigrant workers.

Eugenics is:

the study of the supposed mental characteristics of different races .

Charlotte Perkins Gilman claimed that the road to woman's freedom lay through:

the workplace

In 1919:

there was much unrest and many strikes.

Most Progressives saw World War I as a golden opportunity because:

they hoped to disseminate Progressive values around the globe

All of the following statements about Urban Progressives are true EXCEPT

they worked with political machines

Labor unions lost members in the 1920s for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

through collective bargaining, labor unions had secured a national eight-hour day

During the Progressive era

urban development highlighted social inequalities.

In the presidential election of 1916, Woodrow Wilson:

used the campaign slogan "He kept us out of war."

The Immigration Restriction League:

wanted to bar immigrants who were illiterate.

In 1912, New Freedom:

was Woodrow Wilson's campaign pledge that government should renew economic competition with less government intervention.

American territorial expansionism

was a feature of American life since well before independence.

The Committee on Public Information:

was a government agency that sought to shape public opinion.

In 1923, the Meyer v. Nebraska decision:

was a startling reversal in the cause of Americanization.

At the end of the nineteenth century, lynching:

was an act of violence directed mostly at black men.

The Red Scare:

was an intense period of political intolerance.

The Philippine War

was far longer and bloodier than the Spanish-American War

The "white man's burden"

comes from a poem by Rudyard Kipling

During the Progressive era

commercial farming grew

The Platt Amendment :

authorized the United States to intervene militarily in Cuba.

Electoral reform during the Progressive era :

actually limited many Americans' right to vote.

The Industrial Workers of the World :

advocated a workers' revolution.

Jane Addams:

advocated for the working poor

In the 1920s, employers embraced the American Plan, which:

advocated the "open shop

On April 2, 1917, Woodrow Wilson asked Congress for a declaration of war

against Germany, "to make the world safe for democracy."

The new concepts of a "living wage" and the American standard of living"

allowed for criticism of the inequalities of wealth and power

Wilson's Fourteen Points included all of the following principles EXCEPT

an end to colonization

During the 1920s:

an estimated 40 percent of the population remained in poverty

The American Federation of Labor 's founder Samuel Gompers used the idea of " freedom of contract " to :

argue against interference by judges with workers' right to organize unions.

Republican presidential candidate William McKinley:

argued in favor of the gold standard.

Senators opposing America's participation in the League of Nations:

argued that it would threaten to deprive the country of its freedom of action.

In their 1929 study, Middletown, Robert and Helen Lynd

argued that leisure and consumption had replaced political involvement.

In the 1890s, the National American Woman Suffrage Association:

argued that native - born white women 's votes would counteract the ignorant foreign vote.

In Muller v . Oregon , the Supreme Court ;

argued that women were too weak to work long hours

Robert La Follette ran for president in 1924

as a Progressive Party candidate.

The word "Progressivism" came into common use around 1910

as a way of describing a loosely defined political movement

The Sixteenth Amendment

authorized Congress to implement a graduated income tax.

The "Declaration of Principles" adopted by W. E. B. Du Bois's Niagara Movement:

called for complete economic and educational equality

The Populist platform

called for public ownership of railroads.

The new immigrants:

came from southern and eastern Europe

Railroads were to the late nineteenth century what ______ were to the 1920s.

cars

Cultural pluralismm:

challenged the idea that southeastern Europeans were unfit for citizenship.

The painters who were part of the Ashcan School focused their art on

city life.

A cause not widely championed by Progressives was:

civil rights for blacks.

The Roosevelt Corollary:

claimed the right of the United States to act as a police power in the Western Hemisphere.

Asian and Mexican immigrants in the early twentieth century:

clustered in the West as agricultural workers.

The 1894 Pullman Strike

collapsed when union leaders were jailed

In his Atlanta speech of 1895, Booker T. Washingtorn

encouraged blacks to adjust to segregation

The flapper

epitomized the change in standards of sexual behavior

The People's Party:

evolved out of the Farmers' Alliance

African-Americans who migrated to the North during the "Great Migration" encountered all of the following conditions EXCEPT

exclusion from the public school system

Agriculture in the 1920s:

experienced declining incomes and increased bank foreclosures.

During the 1920s, American multinational corporations

extended their reach throughout the world

The Ku Klux Klan:

flourished in the early 1920s, especially in the North and West.

Vaudeville is a:

form of live entertainment.

W.E. B. Du Bois:

founded the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).

During the 1920s:

government polices reflected the pro-business ethos of the decade