HIST 2

Salons were once venues open to ordinary people, but in the eighteenth century, they increasingly were limited to nobles who used them to study the customs of royal courts.

True

The route that transported enslaved Africans across the Atlantic under terrible conditions was called the middle passage.

true

The wealth brought about by the African slave trade increased the imperial competition in the Americas between France and Britain.

true

Rousseau's Confessions made use of the psychological techniques of the novel.

True

Modern capitalism can at least in part trace it roots to agricultural expansion.

True

The efforts of the Republic of Letters were responsible for inspiring skepticism to all authority.

true

Charles I of England was

Prone it to absolute as models of government

How did the construction of Versailles change the nature of French court life?

Because the arixtocracy came to play a prominent role in the court life the king had more opportunities to ensure its obedience

The influence of the scientific revolution on Hobbes can be seen in his

Break with the medieval precedents about an ordinary universe

Francis Bacon's Novum Organum argued that

Empirical methods are crucially important

Which of the following describes the Republic of Letters?

It defended principles of open inquiry even in the face of authority

Why was Cervantes's Don Quixote significant?

It helped establish the importance of literature in the vernacular

Which of the following was true of John Locke's Second Treatise of Government?

It justified the people's right to oppose tyrants.

Why is the line of thought that Rousseau helped develop called republicanism?

It was inspired, in part, by the ideas enacted by the ancient republics.

Why was the English civil war distinct?

It was the only wore at the time that caused the government to change fundamentally with the monarchy temporarily replaced by republic

Which of the following statements correctly describes the breaks with precedent following the Thirty Years' War?

Many monarchs begin to take on absolute sovereignty

Why was it significant that novels had female readers in the eighteenth century?

Novels opened new psychological horizons beyond women's sheltered lives.

Which of the following statements describes unforeseen consequences of the War of Austrian Succession?

Prussia emerged as a major power, and Britain and France expanded the fight for territory to North America.

The fact that both Protestant and Catholic populations had deeper religious knowledge than in earlier periods meant that

Religious and militancy and fanatism increase

The primary consequence of the Great Northern War was

Russia's rise and the eclipse of Sweden.

Privateers were:

Ships chartered to engage in piracy against a country's enemies.

How was the civil strife in France different from that in England?

The French always remain steady fast and their loyalty to the monarchy

Which of the following began what became known as the revolt of the Fronde?

The French courts attempts to arrest leaders of the opposition

Which of the following did the Peace of Westphalia demonstrate?

The abandonment of any home of the united Europe and a uniform Christianity

What did the unprecedented size of armies in the 1660s and 1670s indicate?

The ability of European states to contain direct and monopolize violence

After 1670, growing prosperity in Europe can be attributed to

The end of a wave of civil wars

What was the primary historical significance of London's "Frost Fair" in 1622?

The onset of climate change

Which of the following statements correctly describes the Glorious Revolution?

The outcome of the Glorious Revolution established parliamentary supremacy.

Mercantilism was rooted in the belief that

The world's resources were finite

How were Great Britain and the Netherlands different from most of the European continent?

They face continue in political turmoil and the state had a less powerful role

Which of the following statements about the "Politique" party in France is true?

They prized national unity and peace above religion

What did Shabbetai Sevi, the Quakers, and the Jansenists all have in common?

They sought to undermine established religious authority

Which of the following statements about the significance of Isaac Newton's work in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries is correct?

Through simple, easily understood equations, Newton's work seemed to restore the physical universe to the perfection attributed to it by Ptolemy.

Absolutism was the political trend in which a monarch was considered to have complete and indivisible sovereignty.

True

According to Enlightenment thinkers, the hallmark of modern civilization was that violent passion had turned into tender feelings that made peaceful social intercourse more likely.

True

As Lord Protector of England, Oliver Cromwell was king in all but name.

True

At the turn of the seventeenth century, the European continent experienced a slump in trade.

True

Blaise Pascal was a philosopher, mathematician, and Jansenist who sought to defend Christianity.

True

Both the Wilkes affair and the events leading to the American Revolution concerned the demand for better representation in the British Parliament.

True

By the mid-seventeenth century, the "composite monarchies" of Europe had begun to be replaced by cohesive nations.

True

Charles I demanded that Parliament accept the Petition of Right.

True

Charles I's levying of ship money severely reduced the strength of his fleet

True

Enlightenment-era reformers devoted a great deal of energy to practical matters including better sewage and street lighting.

True

Even with the rise of the concept "the rights of man," all key thinkers of the time were still pro-slavery.

True

In mid-seventeenth-century Europe, the goals of most political action were order and stability to end the bloodshed since the start of the Thirty Years' War.

True

In the 1640s and 1650s, the Ottoman Empire remained threatened with instability.

True

In the seventeenth century, the Renaissance technique of textual criticism had not yet been applied to religious scripture.

True

Intendants were agents sent by the French monarchy with the capacity to serve, counsel, and judge as representatives of the king.

True

King Louis XIV was known as the "Sun King" and sought the glorification of a demigod.

True

Shabbetai Sevi was a Greek Jew who claimed to be the Messiah and had many followers, but he converted to Islam when the Ottoman sultan threatened to put him to death.

True

Spain was the greatest mercantile rival of Great Britain and, likewise, offered an alternative to absolute monarchy

True

Sugar in the "triangle trade" predominantly came from Europe.

True

The Levellers were a group of soldiers within the New Model Army who believed all adult men should have the right to vote.

True

The Medici patronage of Galileo guaranteed his freedom from arrest.

True

The idea of enlightened absolutism held that the Enlightenment was incompatible with absolute monarchy.

True

The sack of Magdeburg was one of the worst massacres of the Thirty Years' War.

True

The society of the Freemasons was dedicated to the public good and spread across Europe.

True

The world's first political parties emerged in Great Britain: the Tories and the Whigs.

True

Warfare after Westphalia was far more destructive than it had been previously.

True

By 1760, British colonies had a far greater population than the French colonies did from New Orleans to Montana.

TrueTrue

The Dutch fleet of 2,500 ships comprised over half of all European shipping

Trye

Absolutist states idealized the notion of

a well-ordered police state relying on reason and managed by central authority.

Cosmopolitanism was encouraged by nobles' and professionals' doing which of the following?

abandoning local cultural life in favor of the books, ideas, and music from urban centers such as Paris and London

How did a series of Fredericks in Prussia increase their state's power?

by living frugally and devoting state revenues to the army

The boom in the numbers of coffeehouses in London

helped bring men of all classes together in an urban setting.

The League of Augsburg was significant because it was an alliance of Protestant and Catholic powers and fought against French expansionist policies.

true

Louis XIV's death provoked the Prince Regent to

move the royal court out of Versailles and back to Paris.

Which of the following did anti-cosmopolitanism help drive in Europe in the early nineteenth century?

nationalism as a significant force in politics and culture

Deism appeared in the eighteenth century to

propose a single non-Christian God removed from controlling the universe.

The Revocation of the Edict of Nantes in France caused large-scale immigration that

strengthened colonies in Massachusetts, New York, and South Carolina.

Which of the following was one of the many consequences of the "putting out" system?

the ability for rural people to earn income in the winter months

The Enlightenment concept of "utilitarianism" advocated

the measurement of value based on the greatest good for the greatest number of people.

How did the Enlightenment differ from earlier intellectual movements?

the participation of a much broader section of society in the debates

Which of the following ideas not only was new to the period 1740-80 but also was at the heart of the American Revolution and eventually the American Declaration of Independence?

the rights of man

Why did the English Bill of Rights evoke the "ancient constitution"?

to avoid any confusion with the radicalism of the 1640s

After 1700, there were far more white Europeans than enslaved Africans in the Caribbean.

true

Aristocrats in Europe led the way in opposing future wars.

true

Pennsylvania was home to Germans thanks to William Penn's policy of religious liberty.

true

René-Robert Cavelier de La Salle claimed everything from the Appalachians to the Rockies for the king of France.

true

The French were unable to form alliances with the native peoples in the Americas.

true