HIST 302 Chapter 19-28

In the early 1900s, which American dependency did NOT receive territorial status or fall under the control of the U.S. Navy?

Cuba

The Spanish-American War began primarily because of events in

Cuba

The Tet Offensive of 1968 was a rare U.S. victory and briefly revived the U.S. public support for the Vietnam War.

False

From the mid-1940s to the early 1950s, the United States assisted the efforts of ________ to try to control Vietnam.

France

Which statement about casualties in World War II is FALSE?

Germany suffered fairly light losses.

Which statement regarding women and the New Deal is FALSE?

In general, women were major critics of the New Deal.

Which statement about the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 is FALSE?

It marked the end of U.S. government regulation of big business.

In the 1960 U.S. presidential election,

John Kennedy narrowly won the popular vote but fared better in the electoral vote.

The first steps toward the creation of an atomic bomb, in 1939, were taken by

Nazi Germany.

________ generally did NOT belong to the New Deal political coalition.

Owners of large businesses

To oversee activities in the stock market, in 1934 Congress established the

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

Which of the following statements is true with regard to U.S. policy in the Middle East between 1945 and 1959?

The CIA engineered a coup d'etat that brought the shah to power as the ruler of Iran.

________ was NOT a factor in the popularity of suburban living in the United States in the 1950s.

The desire to live closer to work

Which statement about the 1932 Bonus Army is FALSE?

The marchers demanded that the U.S. Congress create a series of relief programs for World War I veterans.

During the 1950s, the _______ region of the United States experienced the most dramatic change as a result of economic growth.

West

The "Cross of Gold" speech was given in 1896 by ________.

William Jennings Bryan

The United States was motivated to develop the Marshall Plan in 1947 by

a desire to create strong European markets for U.S. goods.

The largest public works project in the history of the nation to that point, accomplished under President Eisenhower's administration, involved

a federal highway system.

In 1947, the U.S. policy that became known as the Truman Doctrine

asserted that it was the obligation of the United States to support free peoples around the world.

In the 1960s, the philosophy of Black Power

called for an increased awareness of racial distinctiveness.

Great Society reforms

contributed to the percentage of Americans living poverty to be cut nearly in half.

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were

convicted and executed for passing U.S. secrets to its enemies.

The term muckrakers refers to

crusading journalists.

In 1949, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization

declared that an attack on one member nation was an attack on all.

The U.S. Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

declared that separate educational facilities were unlawful.

In its decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, the U.S. Supreme Court ________ a timetable for the desegregation of schools.

did not set

In designing the structure of the new United Nations (UN), planners called for

each permanent member of the Security Council to have veto power over the others.

The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965

eliminated rules from the 1920s that gave preference to immigrants from northern Europe.

An integral part of the U.S. policy of Cold War containment was to ________ U.S. economic aid for the rebuilding of Western Europe.

extend

The policy idea behind Dollar Diplomacy was to

extend U.S. investments and influence in less-developed regions.

The Freedom Rides sponsored by CORE in 1961 attempted to

force the desegregation of bus stations.

The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

gave President Johnson wide latitude to escalate the conflict.

The Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944

gave economic and education subsidies to veterans.

________ was the first Axis country to be defeated in World War II.

italy

Dr. Benjamin Spock's best-selling book Baby and Child Care (1946) contended that

mothers should stay at home with their children.

The Cuban missile crisis ended after President John F. Kennedy agreed to

not invade Cuba and to withdraw missiles from Turkey.

At the conclusion of the Yalta Conference in 1945, there was agreement

on the future creation of a United Nations.

Only weeks after taking office, President Lyndon B. Johnson declared a war on

poverty

In his 1962 book, The Other America, Michael Harrington focused on the problems of

poverty.

Launched in 1965, the Medicare program

provided benefits to all seniors regardless of need.

The U.S. government primarily financed participation in the Great War through

public bond sales and income taxes

John Foster Dulles's policy of massive retaliation, announced in 1954, suggested that the United States would

readily use nuclear weapons against communist threats.

In the U.S. presidential election of 1964, Lyndon Johnson

received a larger plurality than any candidate before or since.

In the 1962 Cuban missile crisis,

the United States ordered a naval and air blockade around Cuba.

The immediate spark for hostilities in Europe in 1914 was

the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

President Truman's Fair Deal proposals included

the creation of national health insurance.

During the 1950s, the U.S. government's primary motive for the development of rocket and missile technology was

the long-range delivery of weapons.

The immediate cause of the Korean War, in 1950, was

the military invasion of South Korea by North Korea.

In his January 1961 farewell address to the nation, President Eisenhower warned against the dangers of

the military-industrial complex.

In 1957, the effort to integrate Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, required

the presence of federal troops to enforce court orders.

Most of President John F. Kennedy's biggest social reform goals were enacted by his successor, Lyndon B. Johnson.

true

The bus boycott in Montgomery, Alabama, of 1955-1956

was formally organized by Martin Luther King Jr.

Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech

was given during the largest civil rights demonstration in the nation's history.

During the 1920s, the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters

was one of the few important unions led by Black Americans.

________ were most likely to engage in the spirit of massive resistance to the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s.

white southerners

In 1932, the unemployment rate in Toledo, Ohio, was one of the worst in the nation, at ____ percent.

80

________ called on the United States to increase its naval forces in his book The Influence of Sea Power upon History.

Alfred Mahan

In the 1931 "Scottsboro boys" court case,

Black teenagers were accused of rape by two white women.

In 1914, the Triple Entente consisted of

Britain, France, and Russia.

In 1945, the vision of a post-World War II world in which great powers would control strategic areas of interest ("spheres of influence") was largely shared by both Josef Stalin and

British Prime minister Winston Churchill

In the late 19th century, Democrats tended to attract greater numbers of

Catholics

The Munich Conference of 1938 was precipitated by a crisis over

Czechoslovakia

Progressives believed that the doctrine of Social Darwinism was the correct starting point for creating a better world.

False

The National War Labor Board pressured most industrial laborers to work longer hours during World War I.

False

The leader of Hawai'i who was forced to yield authority to the American government upon annexation was

Queen Lili'uokalani

Native American languages were useful in U.S. military communications during World War II.

True

The American press helped convince the public that the Maine had been blown up by a Spanish attack.

True

The film The Birth of a Nation glorified the early Ku Klux Klan.

True

In the late nineteenth century,

a majority of male citizens in the North received federal pensions.

Senator Huey Long of Louisiana advocated

a national wealth-sharing plan that involved heavy taxation of the wealthiest Americans.

As an environmental conservationist, President Theodore Roosevelt

added extensive areas of land to the national forest system.

During the early 20th century, the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)

advocated a single union for all workers.

The U.S. government acquired definitive knowledge of the Holocaust

as early as 1942

In order to secure control of the Panama Canal Zone, the United States

assisted a revolution in Panama.

After World War I, the Ku Klux Klan

became increasingly concerned about Catholics, Jews, and foreigners.

Margaret Sanger's initial motivation for the promotion of birth control was her

belief that large families contributed to poverty.

In July 1940, opinion polls showed a clear majority of the American public

believed that Germany posed a direct threat to the United States.

Much of Father Charles Coughlin's outspoken criticism of the Roosevelt administration revolved around the issue of

changing the banking and currency system.

President Franklin Roosevelt's decision in 1940 to give 50 American destroyers (battleships) to England

circumvented the cash-and-carry provision of the Neutrality Acts.

In the United States during the Great War, the Committee on Public Information (CPI)

controlled much of the information about the war that was made available to journalists.

The Dawes Plan of 1924 did NOT

create an enduring financial order that was resilient to economic shocks.

The Scopes trial of 1925 was a legal battle concerning the conflict between

creationism and evolution.

In the late 1920s, the European demand for agricultural and manufacturing goods from the United States was

declining

The United States ________ join the League of Nations.

did not

Wisconsin Senator Joseph McCarthy's investigations ________ that there were over 200 communists in the U.S. Department of State.

did not prove

At the beginning of the 20th century, the leaders of the settlement house movement

directed their attention to improving urban living conditions in immigrant communities.

In the American West, New Deal programs

disproportionately benefited the region, with more funding than any other part of the country.

The majority of U.S. soldiers who fought in World War I were

drafted

Artists and intellectuals of the Harlem Renaissance

drew heavily from their African heritage.

Marcus Garvey

encouraged African Americans to reject assimilation into white society.

The National Origins Act of 1924

entirely banned immigration from East Asia to the United States.

The Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930

established the highest import duties in history.

Prior to its annexation by the United States in 1898, Hawai'i

experienced a revolution staged by American planters.

During the Progressive Era, employers were generally unconcerned about the effects of alcohol on the workplace.

false

President Hoover upheld the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine when Latin American countries began to default on their loan payments to the United States in the 1930s.

false

The middle-class women's club movement of the Progressive Era worked only on issues to benefit middle-class citizens.

false

In 1942-1943, the British and American war effort against the Nazis concentrated on

fighting in North Africa and southern Europe

Passage of the 19th amendment to the U.S. Constitution in 1920

gave women the right to vote.

In the first decade of the 20th century, the Socialist Party of America, with Terre Haute's Eugene V. Debs as its frequent presidential candidate,

grew stronger.

Beginning in 1933, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

guaranteed all bank deposits up to $2,500.

In 1934, Dr. Francis E. Townsend attracted widespread support in the United States for a plan that

helped pave the way for the Social Security system.

During the Progressive Era, reformers of city government frequently tried to

hire professionally trained business managers or engineers as city managers.

President Franklin Roosevelt's call to expand the size of the U.S. Supreme Court, in 1937, emerged from

his desire to change the ideological balance of the Court.

The Zimmermann Telegram

included a German offer to help Mexico take back the some of the American Southwest.

During the Progressive Era, W. E. B. Du Bois did NOT assert that

it was pointless for Blacks to seek legal challenges to civil injustice through white-dominated courts.

The Tripartite Pact was a defensive alliance among ________, ________, and ________.

italy, japan, germany

In 1949, as a part of his Fair Deal, President Harry Truman succeeded in getting the U.S. Congress to pass

legislation for public housing

Passed in 1918, the Sabotage Act and the Sedition Act

made any public expression in opposition to the Great War illegal.

Upton Sinclair's 1906 novel, The Jungle, provided encouragement for the federal government to regulate the ________ industry.

meatpacking

Extensive systems of trenches were used by both sides in the Great War because

newly improved weaponry made conventional field battles too destructive.

In 1913, to offset the loss of revenues from the Underwood-Simmons Tariff, the U.S. Congress

passed a graduated income tax.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Social Gospel was

primarily concerned with aid to residents of cities.

Regarding the Treaty of Versailles, the U.S. Senate decided in 1919 to

ratify it with one change: the United States would not join the League of Nations.

After 1929, in the face of the worsening global economic crisis, the United States

refused to alter the payment schedule of debts owed to it by European nations.

During the 1937 sit-down strike at General Motors (GM) plants in the Detroit area, the federal government

refused to intervene.

During World War II, the labor force of the United States

saw more than 16 million leave civilian jobs for the armed forces

Regarding women and the professions during the Progressive Era,

social work was generally thought to be an appropriate career for women.

The Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933

sought to raise crop prices by paying farmers to keep to strict production limits on certain crops.

The 1904 Roosevelt Corollary

stated that the United States had a right to intervene in the affairs of neighboring countries.

The dominant group within the Popular Front of the 1930s in the United States was

the Communist Party.

As of mid-1940, Germany had not defeated ________.

the Soviet Union

According to the terms of the 1901 Platt Amendment,

the United States had the right to intervene in Cuba to protect independence, life, and property.

With the lend-lease plan,

the United States was able to loan weapons to England, to be returned when the war was over.

In 1942, when the United States interned Japanese Americans in relocation centers,

there was no evidence that the Japanese Americans were a domestic security risk.

While of the following statements about Chinese Americans in the United States during World War II is FALSE?

they represented enemy nation to the1 United Stat1s

During the Great Depression, Asian Americans had trouble competing for jobs with poor white migrants from the Midwest.

true

Roosevelt's Supreme Court packing plan was considered unnecessary after the U.S. Supreme Court became more supportive of New Deal legislation.

true

The Scopes trial of 1925 resulted in a guilty verdict, but put religious fundamentalists on the defensive.

true

The United States extended lend-lease privileges to the Soviet Union.

true

The automobile and construction industries both experienced economic declines prior to the stock market crash.

true

Under the Dawes Plan, the United States lent money to European countries to repay war debts owed to the United States.

true

The Tennessee Valley Authority of 1933

was a federal government experiment in regional planning.

In the 1920s, welfare capitalism

was a paternalistic approach employed by corporate leaders to manage their workers.

The Dust Bowl of the 1930s

was a product of changing environmental conditions.

During the 1920s, birth control in the United States

was illegal, in some form, in many states.

Black Americans employed by New Deal relief programs

were among the first to be laid off when funds ran out.

For many middle-class Americans, the major labor upheavals of the late 19th century

were dangerous signs of social instability.

The Open Door notes

were directed toward imperial powers in Europe and Asia.