HIST100 Pre-Test Module 9

Feudalism describes A) a patron/client relationship between two freemen B) the program of church reform initiated by Pope Gregory VII C) the labor due a serf to his lord D) the church's right to invest the clergy with the symbols of ecclesiastical office E) agricultural production on a manor

A

Besides Charlemagne, the group or individual that gained the most from his coronation in 800 was the A) pope. B) Byzantine emperor. C) Frankish aristocracy. D) missi dominici. E) Vikings.

A

Frankish royal women were able to use all of the following as tools of power at one time or another except A) their traditional position as mayor of the palace. B) control of the royal treasury. C) guardianship of princes who were still minors. D) their role in cementing diplomatic alliances (through marriage). E) their ability to provide the king with a son and heir.

A

Germany showed a pattern of development different than that of France or England because. A) it kept a strong tradition of elective kingship B) Germany was far from a hostile frontier and could develop more peacefully C) authority in France and England was concentrated among territorial nobles D) English and French kings depended on their Parliaments to govern effectively E) the strong role of the curia regis in Germany

A

Manorialism refers to A) the services and duties of enserfed peasants. B) the rights and obligations of the military elite. C) the engrossment of monasteries into the feudal order. D) feudalism. E) the duties of the king's household managers.

A

The Treaty of Verdun A) divided the Carolingian Empire into three parts B) gave Normandy to the Viking king Rollo C) established the Danelaw D) formalized the schism between the western and eastern churches E) marked the Carolingian Emperor protector of the Papacy

A

The dominant political ideology of the period derived from the writings of A) St. Augustine. B) Alcuin. C) the Venerable Bede. D) Charlemagne. E) St. Ambrose.

A

The main purpose of the Carolingian renaissance was to A) promote an understanding of Scriptures and of Christian writers. B) revive interest in classical knowledge. C) rebuild the Roman Empire. D) combat the danger of Islam on the frontiers of the empire. E) convert the Vikings and the Magyars to Christianity.

A

The position of aristocratic women in feudal society was A) one of responsibility. B) insignificant. C) degrading. D) limited to bearing children. E) often superior to that of their husbands.

A

The rise of the Carolingian dynasty can be attributed to all of the following factors except A) alliance with the Byzantine Empire. B) profitable marriages. C) military successes. D) alliance with monastic leadership. E) control of the office of mayor of the palace.

A

Which of the following was not a characteristic of the period 1000-1150? A) kings abolished feudal ties to establish government and extend royal power B) papacy consolidated power C) growth of towns and trade D) monastic reform E) the Crusades

A

The Parliament of Britain today is a direct descendant of: A) the Exchequer B) Papal Curia C) the curia regis D) the King's Privy Council E) College of Cardinals

C

As a result of the invasions of the ninth and tenth centuries A) manorialism disappeared. B) the development of feudalism was accelerated. C) many Germans reconverted to pagan religions. D) Europe developed several centralized kingdoms. E) European armies began using peasant infantry.

B

Otto I used bishops and abbots to administrate his Empire because A) Germany had no concept of "liege lord" and therefore Otto had little authority over vassals B) they had no hereditary claims to their fiefs C) he had few financial resources and therefore relied on the wealth of the Church and its officials to govern D) with little education, Otto could intimidate church officials with his authority and power E) the "Ottonian Renaissance" promoted the Church in the governance of the Empire

B

Sub-infeudation describes A) the process in which a lord retains rights of wardship over a vassal's children B) a regranting of a portion of a fief to another vassal C) the feudal custom of liege loyalty to subordinates D) a process in which a fief is invested by the lord E) the inheritance of a fief by a woman without paying a fine

B

The administrative system of Charlemagne's empire featured all of the following officials except A) counts. B) missals. C) margraves. D) missi dominici. E) viscounts.

B

The basic Germanic social unit was the A) comitatus. B) folk. C) clan. D) village. E) nation.

B

The fortified areas on the edges of Charlemagne's empire were called A) Basques. B) marches. C) counties. D) frontiers. E) comites.

B

The technological breakthrough that had a great impact on the development of feudal military institutions was A) the lance. B) the stirrup. C) the saddle. D) armor. E) the crossbow.

B

Typically, serfs owed their lord all of the following except A) labor. B) military service. C) a percentage of the annual harvest. D) various fees, such as inheritance fees. E) acceptance of the jurisdiction of the lord's court.

B

According to newer research, the disintegration of the Carolingian Empire was the result of A) the assassination of the rightful heir. B) fratricidal wars among Louis the Pious's sons. C) the revolts and conspiracies of the great nobles. D) the alliance between the pope and the Byzantine emperor. E) the machinations of Brunhilda.

C

Germanic societies had all of the following features except A) ironworking. B) almost constant warfare. C) a system of writing. D) use of the wheeled plow and the three-field system of crop rotation. E) a view of women as family property.

C

In early Kievan Russia, boyars A) were bound to serve their lord in exchange for land grants. B) were generally Byzantine nobles. C) were free to move from one lord's service to another. D) had to seek permission from the Byzantine Emperor to move from one lord's service to another. E) the masters of millions of Slavic serfs.

C

It is believed that the Arthurian legends reflect A) Anglo-Saxon history in England. B) the long years of Roman domination. C) Celtic resentment at the Anglo-Saxon invaders. D) Celtic society's early adherence to Christianity. E) Anglo-Saxon resistance to the Danish invasions that began in the 9th century.

C

Most medical treatment in Merovingian and Carolingian times involved A) surgery. B) steam baths and bloodletting. C) drug prescriptions. D) exorcism. E) fasting.

C

One of the principle reasons for the Viking out-migrations from Scandinavia was A) Magyar invasions and migrations forced them to seek lands to settle B) the Vikings wanted to trade more with the wealthy Rus C) arable land could not support the population expansion D) an invitation by the French king to protect his kingdom against Saracen invasion E) population decline of the Verangians allowed settlement of the Vikings in sparsely populated areas

C

The Carolingian renaissance drew its greatest inspiration from the A) intellectual achievements of the Islamic world. B) preservation work of the Byzantine Empire. C) intellectual developments in Northumbria. D) Grecolegacy. E) epic battles against the Vikings.

C

The Concordat of Wörms A) demanded Henry IV to resign as Holy Roman Emperor B) forced Gregory VII to abandon Rome C) stipulated that lay rulers could no longer invest prelates with the symbols of their office D) excommunicated the Holy Roman Emperor E) prevented the presence of the emperor or his representative at elections of imperial bishops and abbots

C

The complexity of Merovingian civil wars resulted from all of the following except A) lack of a succession law. B) the army's desire for warfare which would result in more "loot" for the soldiers. C) Viking and Magyar invasions. D) emergence and evolution of court cliques with the royal family. E) the desire of royal officials and warriors for more lands.

C

The legal legacy of the Viking invasions of England and France includes A) the wergeld. B) the lord-vassal bond. C) the grand jury. D) the French magistracy. E) the right to bear arms.

C

The primary goal of Papal Reform was to A) enforce lay investiture B) eliminate the College of Cardinals from the election of the Pope C) free the Papacy from military dependence on the German Empire D) deprive Henry IV of his Empire E) abolish the decrees of the Concordat of Wörms

C

The primary issue surrounding the Investure Controversy involved: A) the election of the Pope by the College of Cardinals B) the "investing" and interference of Church officials in the financial policies of the English Exchequer C) the claims of laymen to dispose of ecclesiastical offices and revenues by their own authority D) the extension of the jurisdiction of the papal curia at the expense of the curia regis E) the selection of the King of Jerusalem from among the leaders of the First Crusade

C

The significance of The Song of Roland is A) as a record of Charlemagne's wars. B) as a record of Charlemagne's only defeat. C) as a portrayal of later views of Charlemagne. D) its use of French rather than Latin. E) as a record of the Battle of Poitiers that turned the Muslims back from their invasion of Gaul.

C

What promoted the formation of the feudal system? A) in Europe required new means of government regulation B) increased agricultural production C) chaotic conditions and the need for security D) the growing influence of the Church promoted readjustment of political institutions E) lawyers began to clarify, define, and regulate patron/client relationships

C

Vikings conquered all of the following areas except A) Normandy. B) Iceland. C) northern Britain. D) Slavic lands in eastern Europe. E) Lombardy.

E

A fief is A) a style of armor developed around 1000 A.D. to protect knights B) a tax paid by serfs to their lords on the marriage of their eldest daughter C) land or money offered by families to attract a suitable husband for a daughter D) a lord's concession of land to a vassal which imposed obligations upon both E) a form of heroic epic, best seen in The Song of Roland

D

An excellent example of the "Ottonian Renaissance" is A) the Domesday Book B) the extension of German Imperial authority during the second age of feudalism C) the victory of the German Emperor over the Church in the Investiture Controversy D) Roswitha of Gandersheim E) Tancred de Hauteville

D

Feudalism existed at two social levels: the level of royal officials and the level of A) enserfed peasants. B) free farmers. C) free townsmen. D) armed retainers. E) church officials.

D

Feudalism probably had its origins in A) the introduction of the stirrup into Europe, and the consequent dominance of cavalry on European battlefields. B) the exploitation of peasants by lords. C) Germanic law codes. D) the practice by both Merovingian and Carolingian rulers of exchanging land or booty for the loyalty of their retainers. E) the patron-client relationship in ancient Rome.

D

In general, Germanic law codes reveal that German society viewed women as A) relatively equal to men. B) completely valueless. C) revered and even dominant. D) family property. E) lacking souls.

D

In promoting papal reform, Gregory VII (1073-1085) asserted that A) the College of Cardinals should be abolished because it limited the authority of the pope B) lay investiture should be legal C) the selection of the pope can only occur through simony D) all Christian princes must answer to the pope in spiritual matters E) emperors and kings should be involved in the election of the pope

D

In the Merovingian and Carolingian realms, the dux was A) the governor of the civitas, judge, collector of taxes. B) the head of the royal household establishment. C) the court doctor. D) a regional military commander. E) an ambassador.

D

In the sixth and seventh centuries, medical treatment was most commonly available in A) manor houses. B) Italy. C) state-operated hospitals. D) monasteries. E) royal fortresses.

D

Manorialism refers to A) relationships between lords and vassals B) urbanization and the development of guilds between 1050 and 1300 C) a lord's control over the serfs on his fief D) the economic organization of agricultural production E) the growth of royal justice

D

Military units composed of and led by free barbarians were called A) laeti. B) foederati. C) gentes. D) comitati. E) folk.

D

Primogeniture describes A) glebe lands belonging to priests B) large dowries inherited by daughters C) the equal division of property among sons and daughters D) the eldest son inheriting a fief E) the removal of secular interference in the election of bishops

D

The Domesday Book is A) the record of the Gregorian Reform of the Church B) the record of criminal punishments handed down by Henry I's justices in eyre C) the chronicle of Robert of Normandy's capture of Jerusalem by the Crusaders D) a comprehensive survey of land in England compiled by William the Conqueror E) the Court of Exchequer's record of debts owed to the Duke of Normandy

D

The Kievan state was created by the A) Magyars. B) Byzantines. C) Muslims. D) Vikings. E) Franks.

D

Towns during the High Middle Ages differed from towns before that time in that after ca. 1000 towns became A) administrative centers as well as centers of defense B) the primary residences of bishops and other high church officials C) increasingly under the authority of feudal lords D) industrial and commercial centers E) ecclesiastical centers of administration

D

Which of the following best describes the Carolingian Renaissance? A) new and speculative philosophy regarding the relation between faith and reason B) the re-establishment of Carolingian commerce using the denarius as standard specie C) revival of the Carolingian miniscule D) standardization of education, language, texts, and Church liturgy E) also called the Northumbrian Renaissance because of where it took place

D

Which one of the following was primarily responsible for the decline of the Principality of Kiev? A) Viking invasions B) conversion to Christianity C) expansion of the Cumans under Yaroslav the Wise D) internal struggles and external invaders E) rebellion of the boyars

D

All of the following were true of the Mediterranean trade except A) Europeans obtained medicines, perfumes, and other rare items B) Europe provided wood, iron, grain and agricultural commodities C) North Africa traded animal products and gold D) cloth increasingly played a role in the trade E) with the rise of the cloth trade, Europeans spend much of their precious metals

E

Besides Charlemagne, the individual most responsible for the success of the Carolingian renaissance was A) the Venerable Bede. B) Abbess Hildegard. C) St. Boniface. D) Queen Brunhilda. E) Alcuin.

E

Charlemagne wrote letters to Church officials within his kingdom calling for A) a crusade against the Muslims in Spain. B) their acceptance of the papal coronation. C) greater acceptance of classical texts. D) the collection of classical texts from all over the world. E) the establishment of cathedral and monastic schools.

E

Charlemagne's capital was A) Paris. B) Rome. C) Andorra. D) Reims. E) Aachen.

E

Charlemagne's political power was based on A) Viking mercenaries. B) his alliance with the papacy. C) the efficiency of his bureaucracy. D) his elimination of petty violence. E) the cooperation of the Frankish aristocracy.

E

Missi dominici were A) the chief magistrates of the Imperial Court B) imperial ideology stressing the sacredness of the Emperor C) collections of imperial edicts D) the title of Einhard's biography of Charlemagne E) traveling imperial inspectors

E

The Edda help illuminate the legends of A) the pagan Anglo-Saxons B) Christianized Anglo-Saxons C) Carolingian Franks and their conquest of the Merovingians D) the origins of the Rus in Kiev E) the Norse Gods

E

The obligations due a serf to his lord usually included A) yearly rent on land B) work three days a week on the demesne C) paying a fine for leaving the manor D) paying an inheritance tax E) all of the above

E

The pattern of feudal development in France differed from that of England because A) the English king only had a vague prestige over his vassals B) the French king and the Church were constantly at fighting over prestige C) English kings only desired a federation of fiefs bound by loyalty D) England was much larger and contained more cultural diversity than France E) French kings had to deal with a larger country encompassing greater diversity

E

What was the most distinctive feature of twelfth century urban life? A) social hierarchy dominated by a closed aristocracy of patricians B) nobles and great landlords moved from the country into towns C) the dominance of artisans and craftspeople in urban government D) the decline in overseas trade E) opportunities for vertical social mobility

E

Which Frankish ruler was crowned Emperor in Rome? A) Clovis. B) Pippin. C) Charles Martel. D) Louis the Pious. E) Charlemagne.

E