History 1

a word the slaves would call their white people/owners

-Bukra

-royal governor of Virginia -offered freedom to slaves(1775)

-Lord Dunmore

Which African American group established the cattle industry?

-The fuloni

tax on all goods: tobacco, alcohol

1754 Stamp Act

groups of Muslims who came from the North Africa and invaded Ghana

Almoravids

-Southern English -bottom of the society

Americo-Liberians

sociologist who argued that claims theres nothing from American life that can link in the African decendant

Frazier

-jew scholar argued that Frazier was wrong and said that the black family was pathological; reflecting the black middle class

Herskovitz

-historical figure who came from England and settled in Virginia. He had a problem with Berkley(the governor) -this was the first time in American history to bring white and black slaves together in rebellion against the government/state

Nathaniel Bacon

-short -powerful -red hair

Neanderthal features

made money by selling weapons to Americans and the British during the Revolutionary War -became the richest black from shipbuilding he wanted to take blacks back to Africa and begin a colony

Paul Cofie

he was a slave who purchased his freedom. one of the first persons to start the A in church -theology -Brian-first baptist church

Richard Allen

-first person to want this "back to africa" movement -proposed to bring free blacks back to Africa

Samuel Hokins

taz on sugar, molasses, alcohol

Sugar Act

Philip D. Curtin estimates the number of enslaved Africans transported to the New World between 1451 and 1870 at approximately: a. 10 million b. 12 million c. 14 million d. 15 million

a. 10 million

Sierra Leone, Senegambia, and __________ became centers for slave trade in Africa. a. Benin b. Ghana c. Kongo d. Mali

a. Benin

8. Which of the following was most responsible for the fall of Ancient Ghana? a. Conflict with the Almoravids. b. Exploitation by Arab merchants c. Military defeat at the hands of Rome. d. The heavy taxation of its people at the hands of Kumbi Saleh.

a. Conflict with the Almoravids

The out-of Africa theory holds that Homo Erectus, the ancestor to modern Humans: a. First evolved in Africa before migrating to colonize Asia and Europe. b. Developed independently in all parts of the globe. c. First evolved in Europe and then migrated to Africa. d. Were descended from a single European woman

a. First evolved in Africa before migrating to colonize Asia and Europe.

5. ___, whose reign lasted from 1478-1458 BCE, was one of several female rulers in Ancient Egypt. a. Isis b. Hatshepsut c. Osiris d. Imhotep

a. Isis

4. The belief that Africans are the progenitors of Western Civilization is most prominently espoused by a. Mary Lefkowitz b. J.G. Ade Ajayi c. Martin Bernal d. Martin Buber

a. Mary lefkowitz

33. Axum was located in what is now Ethiopia a. true b. false

a. true

The earliest form of Homo sapiens (Humans) began to appear in Africa about 200,000 years ago. a. true b. false

a. true

The earliest primates are found in records which are about 70 million years old. a. true b. false

a. true

the earliest hominids -4 million years ago

australopithicus

The first Africans reached British North America in ______. a. 1607 b. 1619 c. 1622 d. 1610

b. 1619

6. With the decline of Egypt's New Kingdom at the end of the second millennium BCE, the Nubians established a kingdom known as a. Axum b. Kush c. Meroe d. Piankhy

b. Kush

The passage referred to in historical literature during which Africans crossed into the New World was called: a. Northwest Passage b. Middle Passage c. Triangular Passage

b. Middle Passage

This was the first European country to engage in the African slave trade: a. Spain b. Portugal c. England d. Holland

b. Portugal

Regarding the African slave trade: a. There is general agreement on the number of slaves imported into the New World. b. There is disagreement on the number of slaves imported into the New World. c. The number of slaves exported from Africa has been adjusted downward. d. The peak years were in the 16th century

b. There is disagreement on the number of slaves imported into the New World.

The majority of enslaved Africans imported to the New World came from this part of Africa: a. East b. West c. North d. South

b. West

Homo Habilis fossils have been found in parts of Asia and Europe as well as Africa. a. true b. false

b. false

Initially, Europeans were not interested in slaves. They simply wanted to establish trade with the Africans. a. true b. false

b. false

Osiris is the founder of pre-dynastic Egypt. a. true b. false

b. false

The kingdom of Mali predates the kingdom of Ghana. a. true b. false

b. false

The trade system in which English goods were carried to West Africa, exchanged for slaves who were then sent to the West Indies, where the slaves were subsequently exchanged for sugar to be exported back to England, was known as the: a. pyramid trade b. triangular trade c. tri-product trade d. three-pronged trade

b. triangular trade

7. The first West African State of which there is any record is: a. Ghana b. Mali c. Kongo d. Dahomey

c. Kongo

10. The legendary figure that is credited with consolidating and strengthening the Kingdom of Mali: a. Sundiata Keita b. King Tenkamenin c. Mansa Musa d. Sunni Ali

c. Mansa Musa

The process of conforming slaves to their environment was called: a. acculturation b. seasoning c. adaptation d. reworking

c. adaptation

Many colonists blamed England for the continuation of slavery. d. true e. false

e. false

-was the scientific given to a human-like creature that possessed a large brain and could walk upright

hominid

Instruments used in the Middle Passage

-mbira(thumb piano) -drums -banjo

one of the great Kings for Sanghai -promoted Islam

Askia Mohammed

2. The Savannah stretching from Ethiopia westward to the Atlantic Ocean was nicknamed a. Sahel b. Bilad es Sudan c. Abyssinia d. Kerma

B. Bilad es Sudan

1. Most of the northern third of Africa a. a huge grassland b. a rain forest extending eastward c. the Sahara Desert d. mountain ranges and high plateau

C. the Sahara Desert

he made the theory of evolution

Charles Darwin

Which 2 countries abolished the Atlantic Slave Trade?

Great Britain and US

-real name was Olaudah Equiano -purchased by Pascal, a commander of a merchant ship and renamed him

Gustavas Vassa

first African American to write a novel

Phillus Wheatley

ruled Sanghai and conquered Mali

Sunni Mali

tax on British Tea on British ships

Tea Act

only religious group in America that was antislavery -the major conductors of the underground railroad

The Quakers

Which of these did NOT contribute to the creation and subsequent expansion of the Atlantic slave trade: a. The death of enslaved persons and indigenous American workers from disease. b. The demand for a workforce in the Americas. c. Collusion between Spain, France, and Portugal. d. An already thriving commerce in slaves.

a. The death of enslaved persons and indigenous American workers from disease.

Which of the following did not play a role in developing the modern institution of slavery and the slave trade: a. the Renaissance b. the Commercial Revolution c. states in Western Europe d. the Reformation

a. the Renaissance

This was the last major development in the Commercial Revolution: a. the slave trade b. the cotton kingdom c. the capture and sale of Native Americans in Europe d. white indentured servitude

a. the slave trade

Askia Mohammed used his pilgrimage to Mecca: a. to improve his kingdom in areas such as government, industry and trade and education. b. to strengthening his religious base and show the wealth of his empire. c. to decide if he wanted his kingdom to remain Islamic d. None of the above

a. to improve his kingdom in areas such as government, industry and trade and education.

25. While Neanderthal was not quite human, it was closely related to humans, shared many characteristics associated with modern humans. a. true b. false

a. true

34. Ghana's kings were renowned throughout the world for their riches. a. true b. false

a. true

Africa is divided into a succession of climatic zones from north and south. a. true b. false

a. true

Africans accepted their fate as slaves and rarely offered resistance to their capture. a. true b. false

a. true

Around 3.5 million years ago the earliest forms of Australopithecus (early man) appeared in Africa. a. true b. false

a. true

Dr. Louis Leakey fossil discovery of hominid in the Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania in the 1950s confirmed Darwin's theory of human evolution and Africa as the birthplace of human beings. a. true b. false

a. true

In 1793 several Africans lost their lives in an attempt to seize the Nancy, commanded by Captain Cook. a. true b. false

a. true

Mary Lefkowitz argues that Black Egyptians colonized Greece. a. true b. false

a. true

On board slave ships Africans making the transatlantic voyage rebelled at every opportunity to achieve their freedom and liberty. a. true b. false

a. true

Only 500,000 reached the British colonies of North America. a. true b. false

a. true

Roughly 60 percent were from western African and 40 percent were from Central Africa. a. true b. false

a. true

The ancestors of both ape and human separated from a common ancestral parent about six to five million years ago. a. true b. false

a. true

The transatlantic slave trade—or the African Holocaust—was the largest forced migration in human. a. true b. false

a. true

The work of Dr. Louis Leakey in East Africa suggests that human beings evolved (originated) in Africa. a. true b. false

a. true

Western Europeans introduced the new practice of slave trading in the 15th and 16th centuries. a. true b. false

a. true

Western Europeans introduced the new practice of slave trading in the 15th and 16th centuries. a. true b. false

a. true

Enslaved Africans were present on the island of Hispaniola as early as: a. 1502 b. 1550 c. 1601 d. 1429

a.1502

Mansa Musa African exploration of the New World is said to have occurred around 1324. a. true b. false

a.true

Songhai's most important ruler was: a. Sunni Ali b. Askia Mohammed c. Mansa Musa d. Omar Mohammed

b. Aska Mohammed

This Spanish priest in 1517 encouraged the immigration of African slaves to the New World: a. Bishop John Hawkins b. Bishop Bartholomew de Las Casas c. Charles II d. Jean Baptiste du Sable

b. Bishop Bartholomew de Las Casas

Which of the following European countries came to dominate the African slave trade? a. Portugal b. England c. Spain d. Holland

b. England

All of the following countries were major players in the African Slave Trade except: a. Portugal b. Holland c. England d. France

b. Holland

These two countries dominated the Atlantic slave trade during the sixteenth century. a. France and Spain b. Portugal and Spain c. The Netherlands and France d. The Netherlands and Portugal

b. Portugal and Spain

The priests of Meroe's religious temples were the most rich and powerful people in the Nubian Kingdom. a. true b. false

b. false

The multi-regional hypothesis maintains that: a. Modern humans evolved simultaneously in Africa, Asia, and Europe. b. Interbreeding of Homo erectus enabled Homo sapiens to evolve in many different places, including Africa. c. Africa, Asia, and Europe each had its own evolutionary process from Homo Erectus to Homo Sapien. d. none of the above

c. Africa, Asia, and Europe each had its own evolutionary process from Homo Erectus to Homo Sapien.

Which of the following does not belong in this grouping: a. King Tenkamenin b. Kumbi Saleh c. Soso Dynasty

c. Soso Dynasy

16. The founder of pre-dynastic Egypt was one of the following. a. Horus b. Osiris c. Menes or Narmer

c.Menes or Narmer

3. The earliest known hominids, the australopithecines, emerge about _____ years ago. a. 2 million b. 10 million c. 2.4 million d. 4 million

d. 4 million

At the peak of the trade, English ships were responsible for the transportation of this many Africans (slaves) per year: a. 20,000 b. 30,000 c. 50,000 d. 70,000

d. 70, 000

Which of the following statements is incorrect? a. The price of slaves varied according to age and physical condition. b. Overcrowding was a common problem aboard slavers. c. The voyage to America is referred to as the "Middle Passage." d. Africans offered little resistance to their capture, sale, and transportation to the New World.

d. Africans offered little resistance to their capture, sale, and transportation to the New World.

According to estimates, between the years of 1451-1870, _______________ accounted for the highest number to total slave imports. a. Danish Caribbean b. Spanish America c. Brazil d. British North America

d. British North America

9. Which of the following represents the correct chronological order? a. Mali, Songhai, Ghana b. Songhai, Mali, Ghana c. Ghana, Songhai, Mali d. Ghana, Mali, Songhai

d. Ghana, Mali, Songhai

This nation began its exploration of Africa's west coast in the early 1400s: a. the Netherlands b. Spain c. France d. Portugal

d. Portugal

This company became the most important single slave-trading group in the world: a. East India Company b. Portuguese Company of Cacheo c. Dutch West India Company d. Royal African Company

d. Royal African Company

12. Mansa Musa: a. carried the kingdom of Mali to new heights of power b. encouraged the industry of his people c. displayed the wealth of his kingdom d. all of the above

d. all of the above

A slave who became chattel was: a. a domestic servant b. employed as a farm laborer c. personal property d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Askia Mohammed can be said to have: a. devoted his energies to strengthening his empire b. encourage learning c. devoted his energies to making his people prosperous d. all of the above

d. all of the above

A majority of slave rebellions occurred: a. within sight of the African coastline. b. on the open sea. c. as the ships navigated the warm waters of the Caribbean. d. within site of a ship's destination, when the crew was more likely to be caught off guard.

d. within site of a ship's destination, when the crew was more likely to be caught off guard.

-the tool makers -lived 3 million years ago

homo habilis

conditional freedom

manumission