History Chapter 2 Multiple Choice 7-35

To entice settlers to Virginia, the Virginia Company established the headright system, which: a. granted religious freedom. b. provided land to settlers who paid their own and others' passage. c. brought slavery to the colony. d. promised every single man a bride. e. enslaved Indians.

b. provided land to settlers who paid their own and others' passage.

Which one of the following is true of poverty in seventeenth-century Great Britain? a. About half of the population lived at or below the poverty line by the end of the seventeenth century. b. The problem was so bad that Henry VIII authorized judges to order the jobless to work. c. Poverty rates were worse in British colonies than in the mother country. d. John Winthrop solved the problem by creating the Massachusetts Bay Colony. e. Queen Mary's failure to address the problem helped lead to her overthrow.

a. About half of the population lived at or below the poverty line by the end of the seventeenth century.

Which of the following best describes how the English viewed Native American ties to the land? a. Although they felt the natives had no claim since they did not cultivate or improve the land, the English usually bought their land, albeit through treaties they forced on Indians. b. They simply tried to wipe out Native Americans and then took their land. c. They encouraged settlers to move onto Native American land and take it. d. They totally respected those ties and let the natives stay in all rural areas, negotiating settlements to obtain the coastal lands. e. The English offered natives the chance to remain on the land as slaves and when this offer was declined, forced them off of it.

a. Although they felt the natives had no claim since they did not cultivate or improve the land, the English usually bought their land, albeit through treaties they forced on Indians.

Why did England consider Spain its enemy by the late 1500s? a. Because of religious differences: England had officially broken with the Roman Catholic Church, while Spain was devoutly Catholic. b. Because of the Spanish Armada's successful invasion of Great Britain in 1588. c. Because Spain had allied with France to invade English colonies in the New World. d. Because one of Henry VIII's beheaded wives was a Spanish princess, and the Spanish government announced it would be at war with England until Henry apologized. e. Because both the English and Spanish royal families laid claim to the Irish throne.

a. Because of religious differences: England had officially broken with the Roman Catholic Church, while Spain was devoutly Catholic.

Just as the reconquest of Spain from the Moors established patterns that would be repeated in Spanish New World colonization, the methods used in which one of the following countries anticipated policies England would undertake in America? a. Ireland b. India c. China d. Scotland e. Wales

a. Ireland

How did the Virginia Company reshape the colony's development? a. It instituted the headright system, giving fifty acres of land to each colonist who paid for his own or another's passage. b. It fired John Smith and brought in a more popular leader. c. It gave control back to the king, who straightened out its problems. d. It required all settlers to grow tobacco, a highly profitable crop. e. It created an executive committee that really ran the colony and a committee of colonists who thought they were running it.

a. It instituted the headright system, giving fifty acres of land to each colonist who paid for his own or another's passage.

Why was the death rate in early Jamestown so high? a. It lay beside a malarial swamp. b. The ample food was full of botulism. c. It was not high; most of the colonists survived, d. Constant Native American attacks decimated the population. e. Many of the colonists committed suicide.

a. It lay beside a malarial swamp.

All of the following contributed to the English social crisis of the late sixteenth century EXCEPT: a. a lower birth rate, which made it difficult to find workers for new industries. b. the enclosure movement, which forced thousands of peasants from farms. c. increases prices buoyed by the influx if gold and silver from Latin America. d. decreased wages in the cities. e. the invasion of the cities by vagrants, who wandered the roads in search of work

a. a lower birth rate, which made it difficult to find workers for new industries.

Of the half million people who left England between 1607 and 1700: a. more than half of them settled in North America b. more went to the West Indies than to North America c. Ireland was the most popular destination, far outdistancing other English colonies d. about half returned e. almost all were members of aristocratic families

b. more went to the West Indies than to North America

Which of the following is true of warfare between colonists and Native Americans during the seventeenth century? a. Colonists were surprised and disappointed in their inability to defeat Indians easily. b. Among the colonists, it generated a strong sense of superiority. c. New England colonists fared far better in warfare than their Virginia counterparts d. Treaties quickly ended each of the wars. e. Native Americans actually had more sophisticated and dangerous weaponry than the English.

b. Among the colonists, it generated a strong sense of superiority.

How did Richard Hakluyt explain his claim that there was a connection between freedom and colonization? a. The English constitutional system would improve on Spain's less structured system in the New World. b. English colonization would save the New World from Spanish tyranny. c. The only way to achieve true freedom was through wealth, and the abundant gold in the New World would make all Englishmen wealthy. d. A person was only truly free when outside the constraints of established societies such as those in Europe e. He claimed no such connection; he saw them as separate and unrelated.

b. English colonization would save the New World from Spanish tyranny.

In the economic exchanges between the English colonists and eastern Native Americans: a. the arrival of new English goods had no impact on how Indians lived. b. Native Americans initially welcomed the colonists' goods. c. Native Americans sought to keep English goods from influencing their religious ceremonies. d. Native Americans never became integrated into the Atlantic economy. e. Native Americans soon saw that the colonists' goods were shoddier than their own.

b. Native Americans initially welcomed the colonists' goods.

How did indentured servants display a fondness for freedom? a. They became abolitionists, fighting to end slavery in British North America b. Some of them ran away or were disobedient toward their masters c. They sent letters home telling their fellow Englishmen that the American colonies offered special opportunities for freedom. d. They insisted on their right to serve in the militia, because they believed in the right to bear arms e. They published pamphlets criticizing their masters, displaying their love of free speech.

b. Some of them ran away or were disobedient toward their masters

Which one of the following is true of indentured servants? a. They could not be sold by their masters. b. Their masters could determine whether they could marry. c. Pregnant women received their freedom early d. They could not be physically punished because, unlike slaves, they had rights as English citizens e. Three-quarters of them ran away and found permanent freedom

b. Their masters could determine whether they could marry.

As a result of British landowners evicting peasants from their lands in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries: a. there was an increase in the number of jobless peasants, whim the British government aided with an early form of welfare b. efforts were made to persuade or even force those who had been evicted to settle in the New World, thereby easing the British population crisis. c. mass numbers of peasants converted from Protestantism to Catholicism, because the Catholic Church took better care of the poor. d. there was a sharp reduction in the number of sheep and other livestock. e. the spread if the Black Plague decreased because of the elimination of cramped living quarters.

b. efforts were made to persuade or even force those who had been evicted to settle in the New World, thereby easing the British population crisis.

What did English settlers in North America believe was the basis of liberty? a. literacy b. land c. the English Bill of Rights d. church membership e. a wage-paying job

b. land

The Native American leader Powhatan: a. tried to avoid trade with the colonists because he believed that it would destroy Native American culture. b. managed to consolidate control over some thirty nearby tribes. c. was the brother of Pocahontas. d. invited the colonists to feasts with his tribe and then slaughtered eighty Virginia settlers. e. won the respect of the colonists when he defeated John Smith in a wrestling match.

b. managed to consolidate control over some thirty nearby tribes.

In Great Britain, the idea of working for wages: a. was so dishonorable that many refused to accept money for their work and instead received food and shelter. b. was associated with servility and the loss of liberty. c. was romanticized in ballads and tales. d. meant true freedom. e. grew more popular among the poor during the sixteenth century.

b. was associated with servility and the loss of liberty.

The Virginia House of Burgesses: a. was dissolved by King James because he objected to all representative government. b. was created as part of the Virginia Company's effort to encourage the colony's survival. c. banned the importation of servants. d. had more power than the governor. e. was included in the original charter for the Jamestown Colony.

b. was created as part of the Virginia Company's effort to encourage the colony's survival.

In regard to religion: a. Native Americans eagerly converted to Christianity. b. the English showed curiosity toward Native American religions. c. Native Americans showed indifference to European religious conflict. d. the English spent much time in Native American villages converting them. e. the English created churches for Native Americans in most New England towns

c. Native Americans showed indifference to European religious conflict.

Which of the following statements is true about the early history of Jamestown? a. The colony's problems were due largely to its leadership: the same people remained in charge for the first two decades and refused to change their methods. b. The first settlers were farmers and laborers who were so eager to make money that they refused to work and could not be controlled. c. The death rate was extraordinarily high. d. The supplies from England were excellent, but the colonists wasted them. e. John Smith took the credit, but he had nothing to do with Jamestown's success.

c. The death rate was extraordinarily high.

Who received most of the profits from trade between Native Americans and colonists? a. Native Americans b. British soldiers c. colonial and European merchants d. the king e. Parliament

c. colonial and European merchants

During the seventeenth century, indentured servants: a. made up less than one-third of English settlers in America. b. had to surrender their freedom for a minimum of ten years to come to the colonies. c. had a great deal of trouble acquiring land. d. had to pay half of the fare to get them to the New World. e. were almost entirely Irish.

c. had a great deal of trouble acquiring land.

As leader of the Jamestown Colony, John Smith: a. was a failure and had to return to England. b. improved relations with Native Americans by marrying Pocahontas, c. used rigorous military discipline to hold the colony together. d. used an elaborate reward system to persuade colonists to work. e. set up the first representative assembly in the New World.

c. used rigorous military discipline to hold the colony together.

Intermarriage between English colonists and Native Americans in Virginia: a. began with the wedding of John Smith and Pocahontas. b. was common. c. was very rare before being outlawed by the Virginia legislature in 1691. d. created a mixed race of Native Americans who often wound up enslaved. e. produced a member of a British royal family who became an Indian chief.

c. was very rare before being outlawed by the Virginia legislature in 1691.

Most seventeenth-century migrants to North America from England: a. arrived with other members of their families. b. were single, middle-class men. c. were lower-class men. d. had been released from debtors' prisons. e. sought to escape the Black Death then ravaging England.

c. were lower-class men.

Which English group did the most to reshape Native American society and culture in the seventeenth century? a. traders b. religious missionaries c. colonial authorities d. settlers farming the land e. the Royal Geographical Society

d. settlers farming the land

During the reign of __________, the English government turned its attention to North America by granting charters to Humphrey Gilbert and Walter Raleigh for the establishment of colonies there. a. Henry VIII b. Mary I c. James I d. James II e. Elizabeth I

e. Elizabeth I

Which of the following is NOT a way that colonists undermined traditional Native American agriculture and hunting? a. Their freely roaming pigs and cattle trampled Native American cornfields and gardens. b. Their need for wood depleted the forests that Native Americans needed for hunting. c. Their reliance on the fur trade reduced the population of beaver and other animals important to the Native Americans. d. They changed the land to suit their way of life instead of adapting to their new surroundings. e. Their refusal to build fences and permanent structures created conflict with Native American hunting methods.

e. Their refusal to build fences and permanent structures created conflict with Native American hunting methods.