History chapter 32

New right

A coalition of conservative media commentators, think tanks, and grass roots Christian groups

INF treaty

A treaty between the united states in the soviet union that ordered the destruction of thousands of missiles

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

AIDS

Steve Jobs

American Entrepreneur; he founded Apple Computer in 197, a company that helped popularize personal computers

Bill Gates

American computer programmer and entrepreneur; he co-founded Microsoft Corporation, the world's largest computer software company

Alan Greenspan

American economist; he became Federal Reserve Board Chairman in 1987

George H.W. Bush

American politician and the 41st president of the US; he was president at the end of the Cold War and during Operation Desert Storm

Solidarity

An independent labor union founded in Soviet - controlled Poland in 1980

Reagonomics

Any economic plan two steps: 1. Reduce taxes to stimulate economic growth and 2. Cut the federal budget

Clarence Thomas

Associate justice on the Supreme Court; he was appointed in 1991 and was the second African American to serve on the court

Dan Quayle

Bush(41)'s VP

Michael Dukakis

Bush(41)'s opponent in the 1988 election

Commonwealth of Independent States

CIS

New Jersey v TLO

Court ruled that schools have the right to search students' belonging without bieng in violation of the 4th Amendment

Edmund Pat Brown

Democratic California Governor which Reagan defeated

Equal Opportunity Employment Commission

EEOC

Sandra Day O'Connor

First woman on the Supreme Court; she was appointed by President Reagan in 1981 and announce her resignation in 2005

Nelson Mandela

Former guerrilla fighter who helped end apartheid; he became the first black president of South Africa

gross domestic product

GDP

Balanced budget and emergency deficit Control Act

Gramm- Rudman Holly's at which group fired mandatory budget cuts to curb the deficit

human immunodeficiency virus

HIV

Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces Treaty

INF

Oliver North

Officer in the US Marines, he is known for his role in the Iran-Contra affair

Professional air traffic controllers organization

PATCO

Palestine Liberation Organization

PLO

Lech Walesa

Polish labor leader and electrician, he was President of Poland from 1990 to 1995

Saddam Hussein

President of Iraq; he began wars with Iran and Kuwait and established a brutal dictatorship in Iraq

SDI

President reagan's proposed defense space shield that would knock out incoming Soviet missiles

Walter Mondale

Reagan's opponent in the 1984 presidential election

Boris Yeltsin

Russian politician and president of Russia in the 1990s; he was the first popularly elected leader of the country

Mikhail Gorbachev

Russian politician he was the last president of the soviet union before the country's collapse in 1991

glasnost

Russian word for "opening"; refers to a new era of media freeom on the USSR under Mikhail Gorbachev

perestoika

Russian word for "restructuring" refers to the restructuring of the corrupt government bureaucracy in the USSR under Mikhail Gorbachev

savings and loan

S&L

Strategic Defense Initiative

SDI

Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty

START

Budget deficit

The amount by which government spending for a year exceeds government income

Supply - side economics

The economic theory that tax cuts and business incentives will stimulate the economy

Reagan Democrats

Those who shifted their allegiance from their normal party and voted for Reagan to express frustration with their previous party

Anastasio Somoza Debayle

US backed leader of Nicaragua overthrown by the Sandinistas

Jerry Falwell

US evangelist he sounded an organization called the Moral Majority that is known for its conservative views

Ronald Reagan

US politician and the 40th President of the United States his presidency focused on arms control, economics, and the end of the Cold War

David a. Stockman

US politician he was appointed by President Reagan to help put his Economic plan into action

Operation Desert Storm

US-led war to end Iraq's occupation of Kuwait in 1990-1991

Jose Napoleon Duarte

Us backed leader of El Salvador

Nancy Reagan

Wife of President she headed a campaign against drugs called just say no

savings and loan crisis

a financial disaster in which the federal government had to step in and pay back loans for many S & L institutions

Tiananmen Square massacre

a large pre-democracy protest in China that resulted in the government using military force, killing hundreds

velvet revolution

a quick, peacful revolution that swept the COmmunists from power in Czechoslovakia

space shuttle

a reusable spacecraft able to land on the ground like an airplane. and that could be used to transport people and supplies into space

Vaclav Havel

became presidetn of Czechoslovakia after the velvet revolution

Nicolae Ceausescu

brutal dictator of Romania but was executed along with his wife

Ivan Boesky

corporate raider who bought declining companies at low prices and resold them

Geraldine Ferraro

first woman to run on a major party ticket

Manuel Noriega

military leader of Panama that when he seized direct control and declared a state of war with the US, the US sent troops into Panama to arrest him

Robert McFarlane

national security adviser of Reagan

Cruzan v Director, Missouri Dept. of Health

recognized an adult's right to refuse medical treatment

Westside Community School District v Mergens

rulaed that a high school in Omaha had to allow student to form an after-school Christian group that could meet on school grounds

Planned Parenthood of Southeastern PA v Casey

ruled that a state could require a woman seeking an abortion to give informed consent, to wait 24 hours, and in the case of a minor, to obtain parental consent

Iran-Contra Affair

secret US sales of weapons to Iran in an attempt to secure the release of US hostages held in Lebanon in 1986

apartheid

the South African government's official policy of legalized racial segregation throughout society

Jeane Kirkpatrick

woman ambassador to the UN